CN106471138B - 用于生产超高强度涂覆钢板或未涂覆钢板的方法和获得的板 - Google Patents
用于生产超高强度涂覆钢板或未涂覆钢板的方法和获得的板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106471138B CN106471138B CN201580036402.XA CN201580036402A CN106471138B CN 106471138 B CN106471138 B CN 106471138B CN 201580036402 A CN201580036402 A CN 201580036402A CN 106471138 B CN106471138 B CN 106471138B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 15
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 14
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/78—Combined heat-treatments not provided for above
- C21D1/785—Thermocycling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0447—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
- C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
一种用于生产拉伸强度≥1470MPa且总延伸率TE≥19％的冷轧钢板的方法，该方法包括下述步骤：在退火温度AT≥Ac3下对未处理钢板进行退火，以重量％计，该未处理钢板的化学组成包含0.34％≤C≤0.40％、1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％、1.50％≤Si≤2.40％、0％＜Cr≤0.7％、0％≤Mo≤0.3％、0.01％≤Al≤0.07％，余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质；通过将退火钢板冷却至小于Ms转变点且在150℃与250℃之间的淬火温度QT来对退火钢板进行淬火；以及通过将淬火钢板再加热至在350℃与420℃之间的配分温度PT并将钢板在该温度下保持15秒与250秒之间的配分时间Pt来进行配分处理。
Description
本发明涉及具有提高的拉伸强度和提高的总延伸率的高强度涂覆钢板或高强度未涂覆钢板的制造和通过该方法获得的板。
为了制造诸如用于机动车辆的车身结构构件的部件和车身板的部件之类各种装置，现在通常使用由DP(双相)钢、多相钢、复相钢或马氏体钢制成的裸露板、电镀锌板、镀锌板或镀锌扩散退火板。
例如，高强度多相可以包括具有/不具有一些残余奥氏体的贝氏体-马氏体结构并且高强度多相可以包含约0.2％的C、约2％的Mn、约1.5％的Si，这将导致屈服强度为约750MPa、拉伸强度为约980MPa、总延伸率为约10％。这些板在连续退火作业线上通过将板从高于Ac3转变点的退火温度淬火至高于Ms转变点的过时效温度并将板在该温度下保持给定时间来制备。可选地，该板经镀锌或经镀锌扩散退火。
为了减低汽车部件的重量以鉴于全球环境保护来提高其燃料效率，期望获得具有提高的强度-延展性平衡的板。但是这种板还必须具有良好的可成形性。
在这方面，提出了利用所谓的淬火和配分来生产由钢制成的具有提高的机械性能和良好的可成形性的板。目标是具有约1470MPa的拉伸强度TS和至少19％的总延伸率的涂覆板或未涂覆(裸露)板。这些性能至少在板未被涂覆或被镀锌时被作为目标。
当板被镀锌扩散退火时，目标是至少1470MPa的拉伸强度TS和至少15％、优选地为至少16％的总延伸率。
因此，本发明的目的是提供这种板及其制造方法。
出于此目的，本发明涉及用于生产具有至少1470MPa的拉伸强度和至少16％的总延伸率TE的冷轧钢板的方法，该方法包括下述连续步骤：
-在退火温度AT下对由下述钢制成的冷轧钢板进行退火：以重量％计，该钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0％＜Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％
以及可选地0％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，退火温度AT等于或高于钢的Ac3转变点，以获得退火钢板，
-通过将所述退火钢板冷却至低于钢的Ms转变点且典型地在150℃与250℃之间的淬火温度QT来对所述退火钢板进行淬火，以及
-通过在350℃至450℃的配分温度PT下对所述淬火钢板进行再加热并且将所述钢板在15秒与250秒之间的配分时间Pt期间在该温度下保温来进行配分处理。
优选地，在淬火期间，将退火钢板以快到足以避免在冷却时形成铁素体的冷却速率冷却至所述淬火温度，以获得具有由马氏体和奥氏体组成的组织的淬火钢板。
优选地，退火温度AT在870℃与930℃之间。
根据一个实施方案，冷轧钢板的总延伸率TE为至少19％，所述钢的组成为使得0％＜Cr≤0.5％，0％＜Mo≤0.3％，并且配分时间在15秒与150秒之间。优选地，根据本实施方案，不添加Nb。
因而，根据该实施方案，本发明涉及用于生产具有至少1470MPa的拉伸强度TS和至少19％的总延伸率TE的冷轧钢板的方法，该方法包括下述连续步骤：
-在退火温度AT下对由下述钢制成的冷轧钢板进行退火：以重量％计，该钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0％＜Cr≤0.5％
0％＜Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，退火温度AT等于或高于钢的Ac3转变点，以获得退火钢板，
-通过将所述退火钢板冷却至低于钢的Ms转变点且典型地在150℃与250℃之间的淬火温度QT来对所述退火钢板进行淬火，以及
-通过在350℃与450℃的配分温度PT下对所述淬火钢板进行再加热并且将所述钢板在该温度下保持15秒与150秒之间的配分时间Pt来进行配分处理。
在两个实施方案中，配分之后的钢板被冷却至室温以获得未涂覆钢板：
在这两个实施方案的第一实施方案中，钢的组成为使得0.36％≤C≤0.40％，Cr＜0.05％且Mo＜0.05％，淬火温度在190℃与210℃之间并且配分时间Pt在90秒与110秒之间。
在这两个实施方案的第二实施方案中，钢的组成为使得0.34％≤C≤0.37％，0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％，淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt在25秒与120秒之间。
优选地，在之后对裸露的冷轧板进行电镀锌。
在另一实施方案中，在配分之后，对钢板进行镀锌然后将钢板冷却至室温以获得涂覆钢板，钢的组分为使得0.34％≤C≤0.37％，0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％，淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt在25秒与55秒之间。
因此，在一个优选的实施方案中，钢的组分为使得0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％，并且优选地为使得0.34％≤C≤0.37％。
通过该优选的实施方案，在配分之后，将钢板冷却至室温以获得未涂覆钢板，淬火温度优选地在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt优选在15秒与120秒之间。
通过该优选的实施方案，在配分之后，对钢板进行镀锌然后将钢板冷却至室温以获得涂覆钢板，淬火温度优选地在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt优选地在25秒与55秒之间。
根据另一实施方案，钢的组成为使得0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％和/或0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％，并且优选地为使得0％≤Mo≤0.005％。
根据本实施方案，在配分之后，优选地对钢板进行涂覆然后将钢板冷却至室温以获得涂覆钢板。
根据本实施方案，所述涂覆步骤是例如镀锌步骤。优选地，淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt在50秒与250秒之间。
所述涂覆步骤是合金化温度GA在470℃与520℃之间、优选地在480℃与500℃之间的镀锌扩散退火步骤，板在合金化温度GA下保持在5秒与15秒之间的时间。优选地，淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间并且配分时间Pt在40秒与120秒之间。
本发明还涉及由下述钢制成的涂覆或未涂覆钢板：以重量％计，该钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50≤Si≤2.40％
0％＜Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％
以及可选地0％≤Nb≤0.05％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，该组织包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的残留奥氏体，拉伸强度为至少1470MPa并且总延伸率为至少16％。
在一个特定实施方案中，钢的组成为使得0％＜Cr≤0.5％且0％＜Mo≤0.3％。
板的总延伸率优选为至少19％。
因此，本发明特别地涉及由下述钢制成的涂覆钢板或未涂覆钢板：以重量％计，该钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50≤Si≤2.40％
0％＜Cr≤0.5％
0％＜Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，该组织包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的残留奥氏体，拉伸强度为至少1470MPa并且总延伸率为至少19％。
在一个特定实施方案中，钢板未被涂覆，钢的组成为使得0％＜C＜0.05％且0％＜Mo＜0.05％，并且屈服强度高于1150MPa。优选地，不添加Nb。
在另一实施方案中，钢板未被涂覆，钢的组成为使得0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％、屈服强度高于880MPa、拉伸强度高于1520MPa并且总延伸率为至少20％。优选地，不添加Nb。
在另一实施方案中，钢板被镀锌，钢的组成为使得0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％、拉伸强度高于1510MPa并且总延伸率为至少20％。优选地，不添加Nb。
因此，根据一个优选的实施方案，钢的组成为使得0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％。如果钢未被涂覆，则屈服强度可高于880MPa、拉伸强度高于1520MPa并且总延伸率为至少20％。如果钢被镀锌，则拉伸强度可高于1510MPa并且总延伸率为至少20％。
根据另一优选实施方案，钢的组成为使得0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％和/或0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％。优选地，钢的组成为使得0％≤Mo≤0.005％。
优选地，通过该优选的实施方案，板的至少一个表面被镀锌或被进行镀锌扩散退火。
现将对本发明进行详细描述但不引入限制。
根据本发明，通过对由下述钢制成的未经处理的热轧钢板进行热处理或优选地对由下述钢制成的未经处理的冷轧钢板进行热处理以获得板：以重量％计，该钢的化学组成包含：
-0.34％至0.40％的碳，以确保令人满意的强度并提高残余奥氏体的稳定性。这是获得足够的延伸率所必需的。如果碳含量太高，则热轧板太硬而不能冷轧并且可焊接性不足。
-1.50％至2.40％的硅，以使奥氏体稳定，从而提供固溶体强化并且在用适当的程序使配分期间碳化物的形成延迟以防止在板的表面处形成不利于可涂覆性的氧化硅。
-1.50％至2.30％的锰，以具有足够的淬透性从而获得包含至少60％的马氏体、抗拉强度大于1470MPa的组织并避免产生对延展性不利的偏析问题。
-0％至0.3％的钼和0％至0.7％的铬，以增加淬透性并使残余奥氏体稳定，从而大幅地减少配分期间的奥氏体分解。由于残余量，绝对零值被排除。根据一个实施方案，组成包含从0％至0.5％的铬。当钢板未被涂覆时，钼和铬可以被去除并且它们各自的含量可以保持小于0.05％。当钢板通过镀锌被涂覆时，钼含量优选地为从0.07％至0.20％，并且铬含量优选地为从0.35％至0.45％。作为替代方案，当板被涂覆、特别地被镀锌扩散退火时，钼含量优选地低于0.005％，并且铬含量优选为从0.46％至0.7％。钼含量低于0.005％对应于钼仅作为杂质或残余物而存在。
-优选地0.01％至0.08％的铝，铝通常添加到液态钢中以用于脱氧目的。
余量是铁和来自炼钢的残余元素或不可避免的杂质。在这方面，Ni、Cu、V、Ti、B、S、P和N至少被认为是作为不可避免的杂质的残余元素。因此，通常，Ni含量小于0.05％、Cu含量小于0.05％、V含量小于0.007％、B含量小于0.001％、S含量小于0.005％、P含量小于0.02％并且N含量小于0.010％。
可以利用添加微合金元素——比如0至0.05％的Nb和/或0至0.1％的Ti来获得所需的微观组织和产品性能的最佳组合。
特别地，当板被涂覆时，Nb可以以多至0.05％的量被添加。根据一个实施方案，Nb优选地在0.03％与0.05％之间。根据该实施方案，优选地，通过镀锌或镀锌扩散退火对钢进行涂覆。当通过镀锌或镀锌扩散退火对钢进行涂覆时，含量在0.03至0.05％的Nb允许获得令人满意的拉伸强度和延伸率，特别是至少1470MPa的拉伸强度和至少16％延伸率。
因此，当板被涂覆、特别是通过镀锌扩散退火被涂覆时，该组成可以包含量在0.03％与0.05％之间的Nb、量在0.46％与0.7％之间的Cr，并且未添加Mo。
未经处理的钢板是根据本领域技术人员已知的方法制备的冷轧板。
在轧制后，将板酸洗或清洁，然后对板进行热处理并可选地进行热浸涂覆。
在板未被涂覆时以及在钢板在热浸涂覆作业线上被涂覆时，优选地在连续退火时进行的热处理包括下述连续步骤：
-在等于或高于钢的Ac3转变点、优选地高于Ac3+15℃的退火温度AT对冷轧板进行退火以获得具有完全奥氏体的组织，但小于1000℃下对冷轧板进行退火，以不使奥氏体晶粒粗化太多。通常，高于870℃的温度对于根据本发明的钢而言是足够的并且该温度不需要高于930℃。接着将该钢板在该温度——即，在AT-5℃与AT+10℃之间——下保持足以使钢中的温度均匀的时间。优选地，该时间大于30秒但不需要大于300秒。为了加热到退火温度，将冷轧钢板例如首先以通常低于20℃/秒的速度加热至约600℃的温度并且接着以通常低于10℃/秒速度再次加热至约800℃的温度并且最终以在低于5℃/秒的加热速度下加热至退火温度。在这种情况下，将板在退火温度下保持40秒与150秒之间的持续时间。
-通过将退火板以快到足以避免冷却时形成铁素体且优选地大于35℃/秒的冷却速率冷却至低于Ms转变点且在150℃与250℃之间的的淬火温度QT，以获得具有由马氏体和奥氏体组成的组织的淬火板，于是最终组织包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的奥氏体。如果钢含有小于0.05％的钼和小于0.05％的铬，那么淬火温度优选地在190℃与210℃之间。当钢板必须镀锌扩散退火时并且当钢的化学组成为使得0.34％≤C≤0.37％，0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％且0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％时，那么淬火温度优选地在200℃与230℃之间。当钢的组成为使得0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％且0％≤Mo≤0.005％时，淬火温度还优选地在200℃与230℃之间。
-将淬火板再加热至350℃与450℃之间的配分温度PT。加热速度优选地为至少30℃/秒。
-将板保持在配分温度PT下持续在15秒与250秒之间的配分时间，例如在15秒与150秒之间。在配分步骤期间，碳被配分，即，从马氏体扩散到奥氏体中，奥氏体因此被富集。
-可选地，如果不需要涂覆，则将板冷却至室温，或者将板加热至涂覆温度，如果需要涂覆，则对板进行热浸涂覆并将其冷却至室温。热浸涂层例如是镀锌，并且涂覆温度为如本领域已知的约460℃。
加热至涂覆温度优选地以至少30°/秒的加热速度进行并且涂覆需要2与10s之间。
根据一个特定实施方案，热浸涂覆是镀锌扩散退火。在该实施方案中，配分时间优选地被包括在40秒与120秒之间、例如高于或等于50秒和/或低于或等于100秒。
将板从配分温度PT加热至涂覆温度并且将板在镀锌扩散退火之后冷却至室温，涂覆温度在这种情况下为合金化温度。
加热到合金化温度优选地以至少20℃/秒、优选地为至少30℃/秒的加热速度进行。
优选地，合金化温度低于520℃且高于470℃。更优选地，合金化温度低于或等于500℃和/或高于或等于480℃。
板在合金化温度下被保持了例如在5秒与20秒之间、优选地在5秒与15秒之间、例如在8秒与12秒之间的时间。实际上，将板在合金化温度下保持大于20秒导致延展性降低，具体地导致板的总延伸率减小。
无论是否施加涂层，至室温的冷却速度优选地在3℃/秒与20℃/秒之间。
当板未被涂覆并且钢优选地含有小于0.05％的铬和小于0.05％的钼时，则配分时间优选地在90秒与110秒之间。通过这种处理，可以获得屈服强度大于1150MPa、拉伸强度大于1470MPa且总延伸率大于19％的板。
当板未被涂覆并且钢含有0.35％至0.45％的铬和0.07％至0.20％的钼时，则配分时间优选地在15秒与120秒之间。通过这种处理，可以获得屈服强度大于880MPa、拉伸强度大于1520MPa且总延伸率大于20％的板。
当板被涂覆时，组成和处理参数优选地根据以下两个实施方案进行调整。
根据第一实施方案，当板被涂覆时，钢优选地包含在0.35％与0.45％之间的铬和在0.07％与0.20％之间的钼，并且配分时间Pt优选地在25秒与55秒之间。在这些条件下，甚至可以获得拉伸强度高于1510MPa且总延伸率为至少20％的涂覆钢板。
根据第二实施方案，当板被涂覆时，钢可以包含在0.46％与0.7％之间的Cr、小于0.005％的Mo以及在0.03％与0.05％之间的Nb。利用该组成，配分时间优选地高于30秒、更优选地高于或等于50秒。
当通过镀锌对板进行涂覆时，配分时间可以高达230秒。
当通过镀锌扩散退火对板进行涂覆时，配分时间Pt优选地在40秒与120秒之间、更优选地在50秒与100秒之间。合金化温度优选地在470℃与520℃之间、更优选地在480℃与500℃之间。
板优选地在合金化温度下保持大于5秒且小于20秒、优选地小于15秒。在这些条件下，可以获得拉伸强度高于1470MPa、甚至高于1510MPa且总延伸率为至少16％的镀锌扩散退火钢板。
作为实施例和比较，其为由钢制成的制造板，所述钢的按重量计的组成以及诸如Ac3和Ms的特征温度在表I中列出。
将板冷轧、退火、淬火、配分并冷却至室温或者在配分之后且在冷却至室温之前镀锌。
在相对于轧制方向的横向方向上测量机械性能。如本领域中公知的，对于这样的高强度钢，在轧制方向上的延展性水平比在横向方向上的延展性水平略好。测得的性能是根据标准ISO 16630：2009测得的孔扩张率HER、屈服强度YS、拉伸应力TS、均匀延伸率UE和总延伸率TE。
未涂覆板的处理条件和机械性能在表II中列出，并且涂覆板的处理条件和机械性能在表III中列出。
在这些表中，AT是退火温度，QT是淬火温度，PT是配分温度。在表II中，GI是镀锌温度。
表I
表II
表III
实施例1至实施例14表明，只有利用不含铬也不含钼的钢S181和包含铬和钼两者的钢S80才能达到期望的性能，即，TS≥1470MPa且TE≥19％。在合金S181中，对于200℃的淬火温度QT和100秒的配分时间实现了期望的性能。在这种情况下，屈服强度高于1150MPa。在包含铬和钼的合金S80中，对于220℃的淬火温度QT和在30秒与100秒之间的配分时间(实施例7至实施例10)实现了期望的性能。在这种情况下，拉伸强度高于1520MPa且总延伸率大于20％。此外，值得注意的是，所有包含Cr和Mo的实施例(7至14)都具有显著低于涉及不含Cr和Mo的钢的实施例1至实施例6的屈服强度。
实施例15至实施例33表明，当对板进行镀锌时(实施例27和实施例28)，仅与包含Cr和Mo的钢对应的实施例能够达到期望的性能。对于钢S80，淬火温度必须为220℃，并且10秒的配分时间太短，而100秒的配分时间太长。当钢不含Cr且不含Mo时，拉伸强度总是保持低于1470MPa。
将由具有表IV中示出的组成的合金制成的其他板冷轧、退火、淬火、配分、镀锌或镀锌扩散退火并冷却至室温。
表IV
在相对于轧制方向的横向方向上测量板的机械性能。如本领域中公知的，对于这样的高强度钢，在轧制方向上的延展性水平比在横向方向上的延展性水平略好。测得的性能是根据标准ISO 16630：2009测得的孔扩张率HER、屈服强度YS、拉伸应力TS、均匀延伸率UE和总延伸率TE。
镀锌板的处理条件和机械性能在表V中列出。
在该表中，GI是镀锌温度。
表V
实施例35至实施例37表明，利用包含较高量的铬和铌以及较低量的钼的钢，可以在配分时间大于30秒、特别地为至少50秒的情况下实现期望的性能，即，TS≥1470MPa且TE≥19％。
镀锌扩散退火板的处理条件和机械性能在表VI中列出。
在该表中，TGA是合金化温度，并且tGA是在该合金化温度TGA下的保持时间。
实施例38至实施例44表明，在40秒与120秒之间、特别是在50秒与100秒之间的配分时间Pt允许获得拉伸强度高于1510MPa且总延伸率为至少16％的镀锌扩散退火钢板。
具体地，实施例44表明，480℃的合金化温度和在该合金化温度下10s的保持时间甚至允许获得大于1510MPa的拉伸强度和大于16％、甚至大于17％的总延伸率。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于生产拉伸强度TS为至少1510MPa且总延伸率TE为至少19％的涂覆钢板的方法，所述方法包括下述连续步骤：
-在退火温度AT下对由下述钢制成的冷轧钢板进行退火，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％
0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述退火温度AT高于所述钢的Ac3转变点，
-通过将退火钢板冷却至低于所述钢的Ms转变点且在200℃与230℃之间的淬火温度QT来对所述退火钢板进行淬火，以及
-通过在350℃与450℃之间的配分温度PT下对淬火钢板进行再加热并将所述淬火钢板在25秒与55秒之间的配分时间Pt期间在该温度下保温进行配分处理，
-在配分之后，对所述钢板进行镀锌然后将所述钢板冷却至室温以获得具有包括至少60％的马氏体和12％至15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织的涂覆钢板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在淬火期间，将所述退火钢板以快到足以避免在冷却时形成铁素体的冷却速率冷却至所述淬火温度，以获得具有由马氏体和奥氏体组成的组织的淬火钢板。
3.根据权利要求1或2中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述退火温度AT在870℃与930℃之间。
4.根据权利要求1或2中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述钢的化学组成为使得0.34％≤C≤0.37％。
5.一种用于生产拉伸强度TS为至少1510MPa且总延伸率TE为至少19％的镀锌的或未被涂覆钢板的方法，所述方法包括下述连续步骤：
-在退火温度AT下对由具有下述钢制成的冷轧钢板进行退火，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述退火温度AT高于所述钢的Ac3转变点，
-通过将退火钢板冷却至低于所述钢的Ms转变点且在150℃与250℃之间的淬火温度QT来对所述退火钢板进行淬火，以及
-通过在350℃与450℃之间的配分温度PT下对淬火钢板进行再加热并将所述淬火钢板在15秒与250秒之间的配分时间Pt期间在该温度下保温来进行配分处理，以获得具有包括至少60％的马氏体和12％至15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织的钢板，
-将所述板冷却至室温以获得未被涂覆的钢板，或者对所述钢板进行镀锌并将所述钢板冷却至室温从而获得镀锌的钢板。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，在淬火期间，将所述退火钢板以快到足以避免在冷却时形成铁素体的冷却速率冷却至所述淬火温度，以获得具有由马氏体和奥氏体组成的组织的淬火钢板。
7.根据权利要求5或6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述退火温度AT在870℃与930℃之间。
8.根据权利要求5或6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述钢的化学组成为使得0％≤Mo≤0.005％。
9.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述钢板为镀锌钢板，并且特征在于所述淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间，以及所述配分时间Pt在50秒与250秒之间。
10.一种由下述钢制成的涂覆钢板，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50≤Si≤2.40％
0.35％≤Cr≤0.45％
0.07％≤Mo≤0.20％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述涂覆钢板具有包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织，所述涂覆钢板被镀锌，所述涂覆钢板的拉伸强度为至少1510MPa，并且总延伸率为至少20％。
11.一种由下述钢制成的镀锌钢板或未涂覆钢板，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述钢板具有包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织，所述钢板的拉伸强度为至少1510MPa，并且总延伸率为至少19％。
12.根据权利要求11所述的钢板，其特征在于，所述钢的化学组成为使得0％≤Mo≤0.005％。
13.一种用于生产拉伸强度TS为至少1510MPa且总延伸率TE为至少16％的镀锌扩散退火钢板的方法，所述方法包括下述连续步骤：
-在退火温度AT下对由具有下述钢制成的冷轧钢板进行退火，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述退火温度AT高于所述钢的Ac3转变点，
-通过将退火钢板冷却至低于所述钢的Ms转变点且在150℃与250℃之间的淬火温度QT来对所述退火钢板进行淬火，以及
-通过在350℃与450℃之间的配分温度PT下对淬火钢板进行再加热并将所述淬火钢板在15秒与250秒之间的配分时间Pt期间在该温度下保温来进行配分处理，以获得具有包括至少60％的马氏体和12％至15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织的钢板，
其中在配分之后，所述钢板利用470℃与520℃之间的合金化温度GA进行镀锌扩散退火，所述钢板在所述合金化温度GA下保持在5秒与15秒之间的时间，然后冷却至室温从而获得所述镀锌扩散退火钢板。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述合金化温度GA在480℃与500℃之间。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述淬火温度在200℃与230℃之间，并且所述配分时间Pt在40秒与120秒之间。
16.一种由下述钢制成的镀锌扩散退火钢板，以重量％计，所述钢的化学组成包含：
0.34％≤C≤0.40％
1.50％≤Mn≤2.30％
1.50％≤Si≤2.40％
0.46％≤Cr≤0.7％
0％≤Mo≤0.3％
0.01％≤Al≤0.08％，
以及0.03％≤Nb≤0.05％，
余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质，所述钢板具有包含至少60％的马氏体和在12％与15％之间的残留奥氏体的组织，所述钢板的拉伸强度为至少1510MPa，并且总延伸率为至少16％。
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