CN106416984B - A kind of bletilla seedling medium - Google Patents
A kind of bletilla seedling medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416984B CN106416984B CN201611011651.6A CN201611011651A CN106416984B CN 106416984 B CN106416984 B CN 106416984B CN 201611011651 A CN201611011651 A CN 201611011651A CN 106416984 B CN106416984 B CN 106416984B
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- bletilla
- rock wool
- vermiculite
- seed
- lathe
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/18—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing inorganic fibres, e.g. mineral wool
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
This patent is related to seed seedling-raising field, specifically disclose a kind of bletilla seedling medium, including vermiculite, river sand, rock wool, bark, iron chips of lathe, lime stone, the demarcation plate with through-hole and several electromagnet, and the mass fraction of each component is respectively as follows: vermiculite: 1~3 part, river sand: 0.3~0.5 part, rock wool: 0.5~1 part, 0.2~0.4 part of bark, iron chips of lathe: 0.5~0.8 part, 0.7~1.5 part of lime stone；The density of vermiculite is 50~70kg/m3, the density of rock wool is 70~90kg/m3.Seedling medium involved in this programme can effectively improve the survival rate of bletilla seed seedling-raising, promote the sprouting of bletilla seed and the growth of bletilla plant.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seed seedling-raising fields, and in particular to a kind of seedling medium for improving bletilla emergence rate.
Background technique
Bletilla belongs to orchid family perennial herb, and stem tuber is commonly used for Chinese medicine.The seed of bletilla is in olive-type, is yellow particle
Shape, very tiny, the kind skin of bletilla seed is cell monolayer composition, and side wall thickeies, and cytoplasm and plasm disappear substantially, is formed
It is one layer of semi-transparent dead cell, causes the kind skin of seed very thick, causes bletilla seed in the extremely difficult Germination And Seedling of nature.
It is just needed at this time by the way that manually by bletilla cultivating seeds seedling, botanical seedling culturing mode at this stage is mainly by seed
It plants and carries out seed in matrix to be trained seedling, seedling speed is fast, being capable of easily batch output, but common culture medium
Matter is only applicable to some cultivating seeds that common are general character, since bletilla kernel texture is special, is cultivated with common matrix white
And seed, it is easy to cause the germination efficiency of bletilla seed low or can not sprout；And matrix culture itself is also easy to cause and causes
The offspring part of plant is rotted, and causes plant that cannot survive, and both of these problems require to solve by deploying new matrix.
Summary of the invention
The invention is intended to provide a kind of bletilla seedling medium, to promote the efficient sprouting of bletilla seed.
In order to achieve the above object, base case of the invention is as follows: a kind of bletilla seedling medium, including vermiculite, river sand,
Rock wool, bark, iron chips of lathe, lime stone, the demarcation plate with through-hole and several electromagnet, and the mass fraction difference of each component
Are as follows: vermiculite: 1~3 part, river sand: 0.3~0.5 part, rock wool: 0.5~1 part, bark: 0.2~0.4 part, iron chips of lathe: 0.5~
0.8 part, lime stone: 0.7~1.5 part；The density of the vermiculite is 50~70kg/m3, the density of the rock wool is 70~90kg/
m3。
The principle and its advantage of base case: 1, when matrix watered, in matrix lime stone will with water exothermic heat of reaction,
It allows matrix to keep certain temperature, improves the activity of bletilla seed, and then bletilla seed is allowed to sprout rapidly；And the lime stone of meta-alkalescence
The calcium hydroxide formed after reacting with water can be sterilized to matrix；2, the iron chips of lathe left after lathe process is added in matrix,
Realize the waste utilization of iron chips of lathe；And after electromagnet is powered, electromagnet can attract iron chips of lathe, make iron chips of lathe in base
It is moved in matter, the moisture of Medium Culture can be dredged in moving process, increase the oxygen content of Medium Culture, and then avoid the offspring quilt of plant
, there is rotten the case where in many water packages；3, the density of vermiculite is 50~70kg/m3, the density than common vermiculite is low, be for
Allow the inside of matrix to be in relatively hydrophobic state, avoid the appearance of plant rotten, and vermiculite contacted with liquid after can be precipitated
Many minerals facilitate and are absorbed by bletilla plant；4, the density of rock wool is 70~90kg/m3, the density than common rock wool is high,
It is to retain the nutrient liquid in matrix in order to facilitate the liquid in the more absorption base of rock wool energy；5, band is set in matrix
The demarcation plate of through-hole is to avoid entire matrix in strong basicity for separating lime stone and other matrix ingredients, be unfavorable for white
And the growth of seed and bletilla plant.
Entire matrix formulations in use can heat release, improve the activity of bletilla seed, promote bletilla seed quick
It sprouts；And iron chips of lathe can stir entire matrix, and matrix is made to keep hydrophobicity, increase the oxygen content of matrix energy, give bletilla kind
Son and one good growing environment of bletilla plant reduce the case where emerging failure and rotten.
Preferred embodiment one: the preferred embodiment as basic scheme, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: stock: vermiculite, river sand, rock wool, bark, iron chips of lathe, lime stone, the demarcation plate with through-hole, bletilla
Seed, electromagnet, hole tray；
Step 2: the bletilla seed in step 1 is put into 50~70 DEG C of water 5~6h of immersion, in soaking process according to
20~30r/min revolving speed stirs clockwise；The bletilla seed then taken out after impregnating is spare；
Step 3: vermiculite, rock wool, bark and the iron chips of lathe in step 1 being mixed by mass fraction, form mixing
Object A, stand for standby use；
Step 4: lime stone in step 1 is put into the cavities most bottom surface of hole tray, then by with cavities size be adapted
Demarcation plate with through-hole is covered on lime stone, then by the mixture A in step 3 be put into cavities with through-hole
On demarcation plate；Then the river sand in step 1 is covered on mixture A；Then it is installed in the upper and lower surfaces of hole tray
Electromagnet；
Step 5: the bletilla seed in step 2 being planted into the hole tray in step 4, is then watered in hole tray；Then
Before bletilla seed does not germinate, it is powered to the electromagnet of hole tray upper and lower surfaces；
Step 6: the bletilla plant finished product that the bletilla cultivating seeds in harvest step 5 are formed.
By accurate step operation matrix can correctly be used by above-mentioned setting, and most can efficiently cultivate
Bletilla seedling, is operated by above step, and the loss amount of energy bletilla seed is minimum.
Preferred embodiment two: preferably one preferred embodiment, iron chips of lathe is that area is when the bits of lathe described in monolithic
0.3~0.5cm2.By above-mentioned setting, when the electromagnet of hole tray lower surface attracts lathe iron, on the one hand iron chips of lathe can be stirred
Matrix is mixed, the oxygen content of matrix is improved, on the other hand iron chips of lathe can be attracted to the upper surface of the demarcation plate with through-hole, vehicle
Bed iron filings can be quickly close to the upper surface of the demarcation plate with through-hole, and then closes the through-hole on the demarcation plate with through-hole,
The moisture for keeping Medium Culture, avoids the nutriment of Medium Culture from being lost, and bletilla plant is enable to fully absorb nutriment, accelerates white
And the growth of plant.
Preferred embodiment three: preferably two preferred embodiment, the mass fraction of the vermiculite are 2 parts, and vermiculite
Density is 60kg/m3.By above-mentioned setting, proportion of the vermiculite in matrix has reached optimum value, the nutrients that vermiculite can be precipitated
Mass-energy is maximumlly absorbed by bletilla plant, and the density of corresponding vermiculite has also reached optimum value, can fully ensure that dredging for matrix
It is aqueous, avoid bletilla plant rotten.
Preferred embodiment four: preferably three preferred embodiment, the mass fraction of the rock wool is 0.8 part, and rock wool
Density be 80kg/m3.By above-mentioned setting, proportion and density of the rock wool in matrix have all reached optimum value, and rock wool can be most
The absorption changed greatly and the nutriment in matrix is retained, and the nutriment in rock wool is also convenient for being absorbed by bletilla plant.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
One, this method is implemented with different parameters below, it is specific such as table 1.
Table 1
Two, bletilla seed seedling-raising process
It will be operated by taking the parameters of embodiment 1 as an example below.
Step 1: stock: vermiculite: 2 parts, river sand: 0.4 part, rock wool: 0.8 part, bark: 0.3 part, iron chips of lathe: 0.6 part,
Lime stone: 1 part, bletilla seed: 10g；And the density of vermiculite is 60kg/m3, the density of the rock wool is 80kg/m3, have through-hole
Electromagnet, the hole tray in 288 caves, the demarcation plate with through-hole；
Step 2: the bletilla seed in step 1 being put into 60 DEG C of water and impregnates 5h, according to 25r/min in soaking process
Revolving speed stirs clockwise；The bletilla seed then taken out after impregnating is spare；
Step 3: vermiculite, rock wool, bark and the iron chips of lathe in step 1 being mixed by mass fraction, form mixing
Object A, stand for standby use；
Step 4: lime stone in step 1 being put into the cavities of hole tray, then will be had with what cavities size was adapted
The demarcation plate of through-hole is covered on lime stone, the separation with through-hole being then put into the mixture A in step 3 in cavities
On plate；Then the river sand in step 1 is covered on mixture A；Then electromagnetism is installed in the upper and lower surfaces of hole tray
Iron；
Step 5: the bletilla seed in step 2 being planted into the hole tray in step 4, is then watered in hole tray；Then
Before bletilla seed does not germinate, it is powered to the electromagnet of hole tray upper and lower surfaces；
Step 6: the bletilla plant finished product that the bletilla cultivating seeds in harvest step 5 are formed.
Compared with Example 1, the mass fraction of vermiculite and rock wool is less, and the density of vermiculite and rock wool is all for embodiment 2
Relatively low, the minerals that vermiculite can be precipitated can be reduced, but can guarantee that the fast-germination of bletilla seed and bletilla are planted
The fast-growth of strain.
Compared with Example 1, the mass fraction of vermiculite and rock wool is more, and the density of vermiculite and rock wool is all for embodiment 3
Relatively high, the minerals that vermiculite can be precipitated can be reduced, but can guarantee that the fast-germination of bletilla seed and bletilla are planted
The fast-growth of strain.
Compared with Example 1, the mass fraction of vermiculite and rock wool is slightly more for embodiment 4, and vermiculite and rock wool is close
Degree is all relatively high, can guarantee the fast-germination of bletilla seed and the fast-growth of bletilla plant.
Comparative example A compared with Example 1, does not add vermiculite in matrix, leads to the poor air permeability of matrix, and matrix is oxygen-containing
Measure lower, and the minerals contained in matrix are less, are easy to cause the speed of germinating of bletilla seed slow, emergence rate is low.
Comparative example B compared with Example 1, does not limit the density of vermiculite, is easy to cause the density of vermiculite too low
Or it is excessively high, the gas permeability and oxygen content of matrix are directly affected, the emergence of bletilla seed is influenced.
Comparative example C compared with Example 1, does not limit the mass fraction of vermiculite, is easy to make the vermiculite in matrix
Ratio is too large or too small, is easy to cause the amount of matrix mineral excessively high or too low, is all easy to contain in the moisture influenced
The excessive density for being easy to cause vermiculite is too low or too high, directly affects the gas permeability and oxygen content of matrix, influences bletilla kind
The emergence of son.
Comparative example D compared with Example 1, does not add rock wool in matrix, causes the water-retaining property of matrix poor, may lead
Cause the water loss of matrix too fast, the nutriment in water is also lost slow growth that is too fast, and then leading to bletilla plant.
Comparative example E compared with Example 1, does not limit the density of rock wool, is easy to cause the density of rock wool too low
Or it is excessively high, the too low water holding capacity for being easy to cause rock wool of density is too low, causes water content of substrate insufficient；Density is excessively high to be easy to lead
It causes the moisture in rock wool to be constantly in and retains excessive state, and then be easy to cause bletilla plant rotten.
Comparative example F compared with Example 1, does not limit the mass fraction of rock wool, is easy to cause the proportion of matrix
In unbalanced state, the gas permeability and oxygen content of matrix are influenced, influences the sprouting of bletilla seed and the growth of plant.
Comparative example G compared with Example 1, does not add iron chips of lathe in matrix, matrix when cultivating bletilla seed without
Method is stirred matrix, is easy to cause the oxygen content of Medium Culture lower, the slow growth of bletilla plant, the sprouting of bletilla seed
Rate is relatively low.
Three, testing data
1) experimental design
(1) test objective: the germination rate and emergence rate of detection bletilla seed；
(2) test method: the bletilla seed of unit quantity is planted in corresponding Medium Culture, observes the sprouting of bletilla seed
Amount；
(3) subjects: the bletilla seed of 110g is chosen as experimental subjects；
(4) all bletilla seeds 1. test procedure: are divided into every part of 10g, 11 parts of total, each comparative example or embodiment
Corresponding portion bletilla seed；Bletilla seed is cultivated 2. planting in the way of embodiment 1；3. counting bletilla by way of counting
The germination rate of seed and the planting percent for sprouting later bletilla plant, when bletilla seed is planted 7, statistics bletilla seed sprouts
Quantity is sent out, the seedling quantity of bletilla plant is counted when bletilla seed is planted 15；
(5) if 1kg bletilla seed is all survived, 5000 plants or so of finished product bletilla plant, institute evaluation criterion: are capable of forming
It is capable of forming 50 plants or so of finished product bletilla plant in the ideal situation with the bletilla seed of 10g；But due to have natural environment and
The influence of bletilla seed itself is easy to cause part bletilla plant that cannot sprout and seedling.
Sprouting quantity grade: sprouting quantity below is denoted as 1 at 20 plants；Sprouting quantity is denoted as 2 between 20~30 plants；
Sprouting quantity is denoted as 3 between 30~40 plants；Sprouting quantity is denoted as 4 between 40~50 plants；Sprouting quantity 50 plants with
On be denoted as 5.
Seedling quantitative levels: seedling quantity below is denoted as 1 at 20 plants；Seedling quantity is denoted as 2 between 20~30 plants；
Seedling quantity is denoted as 3 between 30~40 plants；Seedling quantity is denoted as 4 between 40~50 plants；Seedling quantity 50 plants with
On be denoted as 5.
2) data record:
Embodiment and comparative example is operated according to experimental procedure in experimental design, when bletilla seed plantation Shi Tongji on the 7th is white
And the sprouting quantity of seed, the seedling quantity of bletilla plant is counted when bletilla seed is planted 15, and data are classified.
3) concrete outcome such as table 2 (the sprouting quantity grade or seedling quantitative levels of " √ " expression bletilla):
Table 2
It can be seen from Table 2 that according to the institute of 1~embodiment of embodiment 4 and comparative example A~comparative example G proportion matrix
The bletilla seed of cultivation is sprouted and the substantially quantity of seedling.By 1~embodiment of embodiment 4 and comparative example A~comparative example G sprouting
Quantity is carried out compared to as can be seen that vermiculite, lime stone and rock wool have very important effect when sprouting, and lime stone energy heat release improves
The activity of bletilla seed, vermiculite and rock wool can guarantee that matrix can have enough moisture and oxygen, promote bletilla seed quick-speed germination.
1~embodiment of embodiment 4 is compared with comparative example A~comparative example G seedling quantity, it can be seen that comparative example A~comparison
The planting percent of example G is lower, and the part bletilla seed for sprouting out also fails to grow into seedling completely, mainly due to leech
The density and mass fraction of stone and rock wool are unreasonable, cause bletilla plant that cannot grow into seedling.From 1~embodiment of embodiment 4
Find out in comparative example A~comparative example G, only embodiment 1 has reached 50 plants or more, mainly since natural environment is difficult to reach
To perfect condition, and bletilla seed itself may also be defective, causes germination rate and planting percent that cannot reach perfect condition.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and/or characteristic are herein in scheme
It does not describe excessively.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the invention, also
Several modifications and improvements can be made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence of the invention real
The effect and patent practicability applied.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, specification
In the records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of bletilla seedling medium, which is characterized in that including vermiculite, river sand, rock wool, bark, iron chips of lathe, lime stone, band
There are the demarcation plate and several electromagnet of through-hole, and the mass fraction of each component is respectively as follows: vermiculite: 1~3 part, river sand: 0.3~0.5
Part, rock wool: 0.5~1 part, bark: 0.2~0.4 part, iron chips of lathe: 0.5~0.8 part, lime stone: 0.7~1.5 part；The leech
The density of stone is 50~70kg/m3, the density of the rock wool is 70~90kg/m3。
2. the application method of bletilla seedling medium according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: stock: vermiculite, river sand, rock wool, bark, iron chips of lathe, lime stone, the demarcation plate with through-hole, bletilla seed,
Electromagnet, hole tray；
Step 2: the bletilla seed in step 1 is put into 50~70 DEG C of water 5~6h of immersion, in soaking process according to 20~
30r/min revolving speed stirs clockwise；The bletilla seed then taken out after impregnating is spare；
Step 3: vermiculite, rock wool, bark and the iron chips of lathe in step 1 are mixed by mass fraction, form mixture A,
Stand for standby use；
Step 4: lime stone in step 1 being put into the cavities most bottom surface of hole tray, then will be had with what cavities size was adapted
The demarcation plate of through-hole is covered on lime stone, the separation with through-hole being then put into the mixture A in step 3 in cavities
On plate；Then the river sand in step 1 is covered on mixture A；Then electromagnetism is installed in the upper and lower surfaces of hole tray
Iron；
Step 5: the bletilla seed in step 2 being planted into the hole tray in step 4, is then watered in hole tray；Then white
And before seed does not germinate, it is powered to the electromagnet of hole tray upper and lower surfaces；
Step 6: the bletilla plant finished product that the bletilla cultivating seeds in harvest step 5 are formed.
3. bletilla seedling medium according to claim 1, which is characterized in that iron chips of lathe described in monolithic is that area is 0.3
~0.5cm2。
4. bletilla seedling medium according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the vermiculite is 2 parts, and leech
The density of stone is 60kg/m3。
5. bletilla seedling medium according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mass fraction of the rock wool is 0.8 part, and
The density of rock wool is 80kg/m3。
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| CN2206542Y (en) * | 1994-01-10 | 1995-09-06 | 北京陆海科技开发公司 | Cultivated box without soil |
| WO2005025298A1 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-24 | Yamane-Noubokujo Inc. | Nursery pot for hydroponic culture, floating panel for nursery pot, floating nursery system, and hydroponic culture method using the system |
| JP5216426B2 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2013-06-19 | 株式会社間組 | Aquatic plant planting base and aquatic plant base for underwater fixation |
| CN102598968A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-25 | 北京北科京大高新农业科技有限公司 | Simple efficient soilless culture technique |
| KR20120085399A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-01 | 배장환 | The Methode of Manufacturing the Hydroponic System by Acoustic Vibration |
| CN103404266B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2014-07-23 | 陕西师范大学 | Propagation method of bletilla striata |
| CN105145029B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2017-09-01 | 普洱力品生物科技开发有限公司 | A kind of floating direct sowing and seedling method of bletilla |
| CN105010112A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-04 | 刘祥义 | Light-duty soilless culture substrate preparation method |
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