CN106358686A - Method for planting oil sunflowers in saline-alkali land - Google Patents
Method for planting oil sunflowers in saline-alkali land Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358686A CN106358686A CN201610754801.6A CN201610754801A CN106358686A CN 106358686 A CN106358686 A CN 106358686A CN 201610754801 A CN201610754801 A CN 201610754801A CN 106358686 A CN106358686 A CN 106358686A
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- film
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- salt
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting oil sunflowers in a saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps: (a) leveling a land, repairing furrows, and irrigating a pressure salt; (b) applying desulfurization residues for 230t/hm<2>, and plowing soil deeply; (c) performing film mulching in a double-ridge film mulching or single-ridge film mulching mode and performing soil compaction in time to ensure that the film mulching is compact and the film mulching quality is relatively good; (d) when the soil temperature stably reaches 15 DEG C, opening holes in a mulching film for sowing by using a dibbler along planting rows; (e) performing drip irrigation under the film by using a NaCl solution of 1g/L after sowing; (f) taking soil between ridges to cover the planting holes; and (g) performing complementary planting of seedlings in time after seedling emergence, performing fix planting of 1 plant for each hole, and performing final singling of seedlings according to a seedling density of 44000-46000 plants/hm<2>. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, low in cost, and suitable for application in saline-alkali areas, and has significant economic, social and ecological benefits for effective utilization of ever-increasing saline-alkali lands in China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of plantation oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, more particularly, to a kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers.
Background technology
Saline Land has become as global resources and environment problems.According to statistics, global saline alkali land area has been
Reach 9.55 × 108hm2.China's salinization of soil phenomenon is also increasingly severe, according to Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization of state of the United Nations and grain farmer's group
Knit incomplete statistics, Chinese saline alkali land area about 9.91 × 107hm2, substantially all in state to be developed, the salinization of soil is serious
Affect China's agricultural and economic sustainable development.
Oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is being commonly called as of oilseed sunflower, is one of big oil crop in the world four.In food, the energy, light industry etc.
Field enjoys favor and the concern of Chinese scholars.Oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers have strong stress resistance, plantation simplicity, wide adaptability, using value height,
Good in economic efficiency the features such as, it is a kind of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, the pioneer crop of barren-resistant, drought-enduring salinized soil, is for developing salt-soda soil
One of minority industrial crops.Therefore, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers is the lifting salt-soda soil production of the national strategy for accelerating the development of coastal areas, Bohai Sea silo project urgent need
The agrotype of power.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil plantation, by consolidation, irrigate, turn over, covering
The series of measures such as film, sowing, under-film drip irrigation, reduce the salinity of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers root layer soil, promote the normal growth of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of method of the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil plantation, its step includes:
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2300-2500m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 1-
3cm water layer 1-3 days；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag, deep plough 25-35 centimetre；
(c) overlay film；Overlay film in time firming are it is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film；Film mulching method is that double ridges are covered
Film or single ridge overlay film, the big distance between the ridges 60-70cm of double ridges overlay film, little distance between the ridges 40-50cm, single ridge overlay film distance between the ridges are 45-55cm；
(d) sow: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, along plantation row dibbler open on mulch film a diameter of 4.0cm,
Deep 3-4cm about implantation hole, plantation pitch of holes be 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 0.8-1.2g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 44000-46000 strain/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the desulfurization slag consumption in step (b) is 220-240t/hm2.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the desulfurization slag consumption in step (b) is 230t/hm2.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the nacl solution in step (e) is 1g/l.
Have the beneficial effects that using produced by technique scheme: apply desulfurization slag, salinization of soil soil can not only be carried out
Earth is improved, and the administration of desulfurization slag can significantly improve the salt-soda soil oil improving activity of root system of certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, Photosynthetic rate, water
Divide utilization ratio etc.；Nacl solution using 1g/l carries out under-film drip irrigation, not only can avoid the soil that irrigation with saline water causes
Raw saliferous danger, and the moisture needed for providing oil sunflower to germinate, and can drip washing fall in plumule or oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers root system
Part salinity, be conducive to the growth of oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, improve yield.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
1 method: select two pieces of medium salt-soda soils as experimental plot, single ridge overlay film and double ridges overlay film kind respectively in Shandong Weifang
Plant, in triplicate, random alignment.
Not overlay film
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2400m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 2cm water layer 2
My god；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag 230t/hm2, deep plough 30 centimetres；
C () is sowed: the soil moisture is sowed when stably reaching 15 DEG C, and distance between the ridges are 45-55cm, and plantation spacing is 25-
30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(d) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 1g/l；
E () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(f) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 45000 plants/hm2；
G () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
Single ridge overlay film
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2400m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 2cm water layer 2
My god；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag 230t/hm2, deep plough 30 centimetres；
(c) overlay film；It is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film, distance between the ridges are 45- to the timely firming of single ridge overlay film
55cm；
(d) sow: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, along plantation row dibbler open on mulch film a diameter of 4.0cm,
Deep 3-4cm about implantation hole, plantation pitch of holes be 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 1g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 45000 plants/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
Double ridges overlay film
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2400m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 2cm water layer 2
My god；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag 230t/hm2, deep plough 30 centimetres；
(c) overlay film；Overlay film timely firming in double ridges is it is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film, big distance between the ridges 60-
70cm, little distance between the ridges 40-50cm；
(d) sow: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, along plantation row dibbler open on mulch film a diameter of 4.0cm,
Deep 3-4cm about implantation hole, plantation pitch of holes be 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 1g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 45000 plants/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
2 results and analysis
Film-covering planting has an appreciable impact to oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate and yield, and the advantage of particularly double ridge film-covering planting mode is non-
Chang Xianzhu.
| Film mulching method | Emergence rate | Yield (kg/hm2) | Soil total salt amount declines situation |
| Not overlay film | 63% | 2430 | 7.1% |
| Single ridge overlay film | 77% | 2775 | 7.5% |
| Double ridges overlay film | 77% | 3140 | 7.7% |
Embodiment 2
1st, method: eastern Weifang selects four pieces of medium salt-soda soils as experimental plot, and numbering is experimental plot 1,2,3,4, all double ridges
Film-covering planting.
Experimental plot 1:
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2500m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 3cm water layer 3
My god；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag 230t/hm2, deep plough 35 centimetres；
(c) overlay film；Overlay film timely firming in double ridges is it is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film, big distance between the ridges 60-
70cm, little distance between the ridges 40-50cm；
(d) sow: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, along plantation row dibbler open on mulch film a diameter of 4.0cm,
Deep 3-4cm about implantation hole, plantation pitch of holes be 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 1g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 45000 plants/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
Experimental plot 2:
Carry out under-film drip irrigation using the nacl solution of 0.8g/l, final singling density is 44000 plants/hm2, other conditions are with test
Field 1.
Experimental plot 3:
Apply desulfurization slag 230t/hm2, final singling density is 46000 plants/hm2, other conditions are with embodiment 1.
Experimental plot 4:
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2300m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 1cm water layer 1
My god；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag 220t/hm2, deep plough 25 centimetres；
(c) overlay film；Overlay film timely firming in double ridges is it is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film, big distance between the ridges 60-
70cm, little distance between the ridges 40-50cm；
(d) sow: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, along plantation row dibbler open on mulch film a diameter of 4.0cm,
Deep 3-4cm about implantation hole, plantation pitch of holes be 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 1.2g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is
2-3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 45000 plants/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
2 results and analysis
The oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate of experimental plot 1-4 is 96% of ridge culture overlay film emergence rate in embodiment 1,98%, 98% respectively,
87%；Yield is 97% of ridge culture overlay film yield in embodiment 1 respectively, 92%, 95%, 88%；Soil total salt amount and embodiment 1
Compare, be low, low, low and high respectively.
Experimental plot 1 compared with Example 1, shows that site preparation pressure salt mode is native to improving oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate, yield and reduction
Earth salinity has a significant impact；Experimental plot 1 compared with experimental plot 2, nacl solution carry out under-film drip irrigation to improve oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate,
Yield effect is notable, and on reducing soil salt content five appreciable impact, Seedling density has appreciable impact to oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers yield；Experimental plot 3
Compared with Example 1, show that desulfurization slag has a significant impact to improving oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate, yield and reduction soil salt content；Place
Reason four compared with Example 1, shows that octyl sulfate granule has a significant impact to oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers emergence rate, yield, to reduction soil saliferous
Amount does not make significant difference.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art
Member, on the premise of without departing from the inventive method, can also make some improvement and supplement, these improve and supplement also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil plantation is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
A () irrigates: level land, repair ridge ditch, irrigate pressure salt, irrigation quantity 2300-2500m3/hm2, make earth's surface keep 1-3cm water
Layer 1-3 days；
B () turns over: apply desulfurization slag, deep plough 25-35 centimetre；
(c) overlay film；Overlay film in time firming are it is ensured that the tight and higher compound film quality of overlay film；Film mulching method be double ridge overlay films or
Single ridge overlay film, the big distance between the ridges 60-70cm of double ridges overlay film, little distance between the ridges 40-50cm, single ridge overlay film distance between the ridges are 45-55cm；
D () is sowed: when the soil moisture stably reaches 15 DEG C, open a diameter of 4.0cm, deep 3- along plantation row dibbler on mulch film
The implantation hole of 4cm, plantation pitch of holes is 25-30cm, every hole kind 2-3 grain seed；
(e) under-film drip irrigation: carry out under-film drip irrigation, drip irrigation depth 4-5cm using the nacl solution of 0.8-1.2g/l；
F () fenestra covers: take soil mulching plant hole between ridge, earthing covers film-covering planting bore edges 1cm, thickness of earth covering is 2-
3cm；
(g) final singling: fill the gaps with seedlings in time after emerging, final singling, every cave is colonized 1 plant, final singling density is 44000-46000 strain/hm2；
H () manages: periodically topdress, until ripe.
2. the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil according to claim 1 plantation method it is characterised in that: the desulfurization in described step (b)
Slag consumption is 220-240t/hm2.
3. the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil according to claim 1 plantation method it is characterised in that: the desulfurization in described step (b)
Slag consumption is 230t/hm2.
4. the oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers of salt-soda soil according to claim 1 plantation method it is characterised in that: the nacl in described step (e)
Solution is 1g/l.
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| CN201610754801.6A CN106358686A (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | Method for planting oil sunflowers in saline-alkali land |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107360841A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-21 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method in salt-soda soil plantation sunflower |
| CN107593311A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-19 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The method for planting oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers by improveing salt-soda soil |
| CN108077029A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-29 | 中国农业大学 | The brackish water subsurface drip irrigation cultivation method of salt-soda soil oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers |
| CN109122096A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | A kind of slight salinization soil two crops a year industrial crops implantation methods |
| CN111373992A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Planting method of oil sunflower in saline-alkali soil |
| CN112715309A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Simple and efficient method for planting alfalfa in heavy saline-alkali soil and special device thereof |
| CN115553183A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for planting edible sunflower in saline water drip irrigation severe saline-alkali soil original soil |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107360841A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-21 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method in salt-soda soil plantation sunflower |
| CN107593311A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-01-19 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The method for planting oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers by improveing salt-soda soil |
| CN108077029A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-29 | 中国农业大学 | The brackish water subsurface drip irrigation cultivation method of salt-soda soil oil certain herbaceous plants with big flowers |
| CN109122096A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | A kind of slight salinization soil two crops a year industrial crops implantation methods |
| CN111373992A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Planting method of oil sunflower in saline-alkali soil |
| CN112715309A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心 | Simple and efficient method for planting alfalfa in heavy saline-alkali soil and special device thereof |
| CN115553183A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-03 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for planting edible sunflower in saline water drip irrigation severe saline-alkali soil original soil |
| CN115553183B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-08-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Method for planting edible sunflower in saline water drip irrigation heavy saline-alkali land original soil |
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Application publication date: 20170201 |