CN106305044A

CN106305044A - Ecological overwintering method for planting passion fruits in temperate area

Info

Publication number: CN106305044A
Application number: CN201610661765.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周绪林
Original assignee: Liuzhou City Agricultural And Sideline Products Co Ltd
Current assignee: Liuzhou City Agricultural And Sideline Products Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-08-12
Filing date: 2016-08-12
Publication date: 2017-01-11

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of agriculture, and provides an ecological overwintering method for planting passion fruits in a temperate area. The method comprises the following steps: A, before transplanting, additionally applying 25 to 40g of trichoderma solid fermentation objects in each pit; meanwhile, spraying trichoderma fermentation liquid diluted into 45 times and/or 3 to 5mg/L of amino acid solution; then, performing transplanting, earth backing and watering; B, after the passion fruit transplanting, planting Mexico teosinte between two lines; C, before the late October, trimming adult plants to the height of 1.2 to 1.7m; after the coiling, covering the plants by straw ropes; covering a layer of plastic thin film on each covered plant; meanwhile, pouring and applying the trichoderma fermentation liquid diluted into 45 times or 3 to 5mg/L of amino acid solution at root parts each week. By the scientific and reasonable passion fruit planting method, the cost is reduced; in addition, the passion fruit overwintering is achieved; the land is protected and is sufficiently used; the economic benefits are increased.

Description

A kind of ecological wintering method of Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, particularly relate to a kind of ecology side of surviving the winter at Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis Method.

Background technology

Passifolra edulis (Passiflora edulia Sims) is the torrid zone, subtropical zone liana, adaptability, strong stress resistance, Growth is fast, and pest and disease damage is few, various in style.The principal item being currently used for producing such fruit has purple fruit, yellow fruit and hybridization The kinds such as type.Its fruit has the strong fragrance of various fruits and the highest nutritive value, containing abundant natural complex, often The milligram Han Vc34.6 in 100 grams of fruit juice, also rich in vitamin A, B1, B2 etc..Measure according to state food test center and show, Its Vc content is higher 8 times than Fructus Citri junoris, and vitamin E is higher 10 times than Fructus Mali pumilae, and has good medicines and health protection function, and peel can be made Feedstuff and extract pectin, root, stem, leaf all can be used as medicine, or make millet paste beverage, have anti-inflammatory analgetic, invigorate blood circulation keep fit, enriching yin and nourishing kidney, The look health-care effects such as blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing, relieving alcoholic intoxication of refreshing oneself, fatigue of preventing, eliminating toxin and beautifying the skin, raising immunity, sarcocarp is eaten raw, has and promotes the production of body fluid Quench the thirst, refreshing and brain nourishing, the effect such as aid digestion, old people has eaten can have preventing and treating very well with nourishing the intestines and stomach to hypertension and hyperlipidemia Effect.

This fruit trees likes high temperature, how wet, illumination is sufficient, the environment of fertile soil.It is not only suitable temperature 20 30 DEG C, Low temperature is not less than O DEG C, annual rainfall is no less than sunny area l 200mm, sunshine in year being 2 300 2 800h/a Cultivation, and require soil layer deep, loose, rich in organic, draining well, the soil of subacidity (pH5.5 6.5).If gas It is suitable to wait, and liquid manure is used rationally, and it is tight to the selection of soil, but with rich in organic, loosen, slightly acidic soil-grown Good.Soil drought or excessively hydrops are all unfavorable to plant strain growth, to keep ground moistening to be advisable.Annual up to per mu yield 1.5～2 Ton, if free of frost, and manage suitably, the highest per mu yield, up to 4～4.5 tons, is that peasant increases production the good helper promoting richness.

The propagation method of Passifolra edulis mainly has two kinds, and one is with the direct seed propagation of seed, and another kind is then to use climing bar Cottage propagation.Plant then and receive fruit then, even receive for many years (6-7), receive the fruit phase and typically gather to continuously January in the coming year at the end of of 6 months Up to 8 months, stable high yield, Passifolra edulis single fruit weight 80～120 grams, fruit tree individual plant average product was up to 30 jin then.Hundred Oleum Linderae enters the more robust years of one's life of every per mu yield every year and reaches 1～1.5 ton.

North of Yangtze River is in Temperate Region in China, and winter temperature is on the low side, temperature in winter at-1 5 DEG C, the lowest temperature up to To-20 DEG C, it is impossible to survive the winter in field, only grow in insulated building, although can be but totally unfavorable to establishing in large scale with nursery, one The implantation methods of Nian Yimiao mono-fruit constrains the plantation industry development of Passifolra edulis.

Passifolra edulis, is commonly called as " brazilnut ", " Passiflora edulis sims ", originates in Brazil, belongs to Passifloraceae.Because its fruit juice nutrient enriches, Abnormal smells from the patient is the most fragrant, can give out Fructus Musae, Fructus Ananadis comosi, Fructus Citri Limoniae, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, the strong fragrance of kind various fruits such as Fructus Persicae, Punica granatum L. and lifted For " Passifolra edulis ", there is again the laudatory title of " Passifolra edulis " " king of fruit juice ", because its fruit juice is also its English name " Passionfruit " Transliteration.Passifolra edulis, the using names because of the fragrance containing numerous fruits, formal name used at school Herba Passiflorae Caeruleae, it is commonly called as " brazilnut ") also the hottest in Hong Kong Feelings fruit) its English entitled " Passion Fruit ", " Passion " means " enthusiasm, love ", therefore " the love that is otherwise known as Really ", " sweet heart fruit ", original producton location is in South America.Its fruit juice is rich in the multiple element useful to human body.Passifolra edulis contains the abundantest Natural vitamin C, just containing vitamin C in every 100 grams of fruit juice is 34.6 milligrams, also rich in Vitamin A, B1, B2 etc., Additionally possibly together with materials such as abundant calcium, phosphorus, ferrum and several amino acids.

Containing 165 kinds of fruit aromas such as Fructus Ananadis comosi, Fructus Musae, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, Fructus Mali pumilae, dark plum, Fructus Mangifera Indicae in Passifolra edulis, its fruit contains Having more than the aromatic substance of more than 132 kinds, fruit juice nutrient enriches, and fragrant odour is spice fruit world-famous, has " fruit juice King " good reputation；Passifolra edulis also has the refined title of " enthusiasm fruit ", and it is that a kind of perennial torrid zone liana seeks connections with fruit tree, sweet fruit Acid is good to eat, with rich flavor, and fragrance is pleasant；It originates from the Amazon River Tropical rain forest of South America, by Hispanic explorer, repaiies " Synsepalum duleificum " that the mankind first ancestor " Adam, Eve " that Taoist priest is considered in " Holy Bible " to mention is eaten, therefore English is referred to as " PassionFruit ", means " love, passion, enthusiasm fruit ".

Passifolra edulis belongs to diclinism, female flower result, and male flower is used for pollinating, and its pollination medium is mainly Apis and insecticide, Also artificial pollination can be passed through.The Passifolra edulis of plantation in spring, can bloom then July, and JIUYUE can receive fruit.After Second Year, every year Starting April to bloom, within 1 year, can open 5-6 and criticize, every batch of flower is separated by 20 days, needs 60-70 days from blooming to fruit maturation, and fruit is received Obtain 4 wheat harvesting periods.

The propagation method of Passifolra edulis mainly has two kinds, and one is with the direct seed propagation of seed, and another kind is then to use climing bar Cottage propagation.Every mu of plantation 70-80 strain master is climing, and the main climing lateral bine that separates step by step is climbed on frame and prolonged result.Annual every mu of Passifolra edulis Yield reaches 1-1.5 ton, high yield reach more than 2 tons.

Passifolra edulis originates in South America and belongs to perennial evergreen climber liana tropical fruit (tree), because its fruit juice has Fructus psidii guajavae immaturus, awns Really, the fragrance of the various fruits such as Fructus Musae and gain the name.Passifolra edulis strong adaptability, grow vigorous, Resistant, go into operation early, yield is high, product Matter is good, and storage tolerance, market are wide, and high financial profit has the laudatory title of " money tree " abroad.Passifolra edulis has the strong of various fruits Fragrance, and the highest nutritive value, not only can eat as fresh fruit and fruit drink processed, is the most also with processing fruit jam, fruit jelly, ice river in Henan Province Drench, cake, cookies optimal processing fruit.Passifolra edulis fruit juice as a kind of pure natural " green " fruit drink with its color, smell and taste All good and good health-care effect, all-ages, righteous style and practice is rubbed the world.

Passifolra edulis wide adaptability, thick raw the longest, weatherable, low temperature frosty weather can be resisted, disease pest is few, plants then Plant, gather in the crops then.Passifolra edulis root system is shallow, and horizontal branch is flourishing, it is desirable to loosing soil, moistening, ventilation, not hydrops.Dendritic growth has Have continuous growth characteristics, as long as condition is suitable, as warm, moisture is sufficient, the most all can bloom continuously, result.Oleum Linderae element Having the laudatory title of " king of beverage ", its fruit juice can be processed into natural quality beverage, not only unique flavor, nutritious, and grows Mending body-building, help digest, supply falls short of demand in market.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of ecological wintering method at Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis, it is intended to solution Problem.

The present invention is achieved in that a kind of ecological wintering method at Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis, described method bag Include following steps:

In every cave, it is affixed by 25～40g Trichoderma spp. solid fermented products before A, transplanting, sprays the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid of dilution 45 times simultaneously And/or 3～5mg/L Freamine Ⅲs, then transplanting, earth backing, water；

Between two row, mexican Semen Maydis grass is planted after B, Passifolra edulis transplantation of seedlings；

C, strain was trimmed to 1.2～1.7 meters high before at the end of of 10 months, wraps up with Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope after coiling, wrap up plant overlying Lid layer of plastic film, waters at root the most weekly simultaneously and executes the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid of dilution 45 times or 3～6mg/L aminoacid are molten Liquid.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: before transplanting, every cave is sprayed the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid of dilution 45 times and 4～ 6mg/L Freamine Ⅲ.

The further technical scheme of the present invention is: to the cutting seedling that will transplant or its root of seedling in the wood of dilution 40 times Mould fermentation liquid soaks 4～5 hours.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: make the torrid zone happiness high moist fruit Passifolra edulis of temperature can be at Temperate Region in China safe overwintering and carry High Overwintering Survival Percentage, ensures next year prematurity, increases result batch, reaches to increase the yield per unit area, i.e. 1～1.5 ton/ Mu.

Detailed description of the invention

A kind of ecological wintering method at Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis that the present invention provides, details are as follows for it:

Step A, is affixed by 25～40g Trichoderma spp. solid fermented products in every cave before transplanting, the Trichoderma spp. simultaneously spraying dilution 45 times is sent out Ferment liquid and/or 3～5mg/L Freamine Ⅲs, then transplanting, earth backing, water.Take Testa Tritici or rice husk meal 25～30g, Add 200～250ml, boil 0.5～1 hour, filter, until filtrate cool down after add 0.2gFeSO4,1gKH2PO4, 1.5gK2HPO4,2gMgSO4 and 20g chitin, is settled to 1000mL with distilled water diluting, finally adjusts with sodium citrate solution PH to 6.0～6.2. will inoculate after culture fluid autoclaving, add without miscellaneous bacteria reesei spores suspension 1mL, containing spore 1 × 106/mL.Ferment under the conditions of 26～28 DEG C about 1 week, survey terminal pH, filter when pH≤5.3 and separate, and use Oxalic acid adjusts pH≤4, and sedimentation filtration separates, and adjusts pH5.8～6.2, i.e. Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid with sodium tripolyphosphate solution.10 DEG C with Lower cryopreservation.Before transplanting in every cave except impose conventional farm organic fertilizer and phosphorus, potassium inorganic fertilizer as base manure in addition to, be also affixed by 25 ～40g Trichoderma spp. solid fermented product, and spray the proline of above-mentioned preparation or hydroxyl dried meat ammonia solution 30～50mL sprays dilute simultaneously Release the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid 30～50mL of 45 times.Then transplanting, earth backing, water.

Step B, plants New Zealand teosinte between two row after Passifolra edulis transplantation of seedlings.

Step C, was trimmed to 1.2～1.7 meters high before at the end of of 10 months by strain, wrapped up with Caulis et Folium Oryzae rope, parcel after coiling Cover layer of plastic film on plant, water at root the most weekly simultaneously and execute the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid or 3～6mg/L of dilution 45 times Freamine Ⅲ.

Cost-effective by scientific and reasonable Passifolra edulis implantation methods；And solving Passifolra edulis to survive the winter, protecting field is filled Divide and utilize, increase economic benefit.

The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the ecological wintering method at Temperate Region in China plantation Passifolra edulis, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:

Between two row, New Zealand teosinte is planted after B, Passifolra edulis transplantation of seedlings；

Ecological wintering method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that spray dilution 45 times in every cave before transplanting Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid and 4～6mg/L Freamine Ⅲs.

Ecological wintering method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that to the cutting seedling that will transplant or its root of seedling Portion soaks 4～5 hours in the Trichoderma spp. fermentation liquid of dilution 40 times.