CN106258788A - The tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like - Google Patents
The tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258788A CN106258788A CN201610663559.1A CN201610663559A CN106258788A CN 106258788 A CN106258788 A CN 106258788A CN 201610663559 A CN201610663559 A CN 201610663559A CN 106258788 A CN106258788 A CN 106258788A
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- vitis viniferae
- fructus vitis
- nursery stock
- arm
- tree
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection and go alone the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like, relate to agricultural Fructus Vitis viniferae tree-like cultivation field.Described method includes: seedling planting；Nursery stock determines the tip；Pull rope is installed；Young sprout draws to be tied up；Twice pinching processes, and sublateral shoot processes；Winter pruning；The tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like.Tilting of the present invention goes alone that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like uprightly to be gone alone that level is tree-like, pruning simple, be suitable for mechanization management and on the basis of advantage that disease generation is light remaining, tilt field planting by Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock and use is drawn tied rope or bamboo pole and trunk is tilted 20 30 degree of cultivation setting, so that vine can be unloaded down on grape trellis every year in direct motion, it is put into ground, carry out soil burial winter protection, it is to avoid the injury of low temperature arid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural Fructus Vitis viniferae tree-like cultivation field, particularly relate to a kind of tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection and go alone list
The cultural method that arm Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like.
Background technology
The northern China winter temperature area less than-15 DEG C, winter, Fructus Vitis viniferae was required for carrying out soil burial winter protection, at north
Vine for soil burial winter protection, main use that fan-shaped Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like and the dry Fructus Vitis viniferae of dragon is tree-like, although tree-like being easy to of both is buried
Soil is cold-proof, but there is also following problem:
Fan-shaped tree-like problem: (1) vine growth is after 3 years, and trunk viny is thicker, just cannot be carried out undercarriage and buries
Soil, can only use the way sealing the high low bank of earth between fields, carry out winter cold-proof；(2) Fructus Vitis viniferae setting fruit position is the nearest, how on 50 centimetres of left sides
The right side, easily by the pathogenic bacterial infection in soil, there is disease in Growing season；(3) in grape growth season, it is impossible to use Fructus Vitis viniferae trimmer
Carry out mechanization management.
The dry tree-like problem of dragon: dry tree-like vine can only use on pergola system (1) dragon, inapplicable Li frame and ten
The vineyard of shaped frame cultivation, (2) are in grape growth season, it is impossible to use Fructus Vitis viniferae trimmer to carry out mechanization management.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection and go alone the cultivation side that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like
Method, thus solve foregoing problems present in prior art.
To achieve these goals, the tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection of the present invention goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like
Method, described method:
S1, seedling planting
When seedling planting, use along Fructus Vitis viniferae row to tilting 20～30 degree, carry out Fructus Vitis viniferae seedling planting；
S2, nursery stock determines the tip
After Fructus Vitis viniferae eye is sprouted, two eugonic young sprouts of selecting and remain, it is near that one of them young sprout is positioned at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk
The side on ground；
S3, installs pull rope
Nursery stock is determined after the tip terminates, according to Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk same tilt direction and same tilt angle, institute will be tied up
State the pull rope of Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk to be fixed on and determine on main line；
S4, young sprout draws to be tied up
Retain and be positioned at grape seedlings wood trunk side near the ground, basal growth firmly and the length young sprout more than 60cm, and will
The young sprout retained draws and is bonded on pull rope, and young sprout to be retained grows into after determining main line, not pinching, makes the young sprout of reservation along fixed dry
Alignment Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk incline direction grows, and is trained result arm；
S5, pinching and sublateral shoot process
Twice pinching processes:
Pinching for the first time processes: the growing end of the current results arm result arm nearest with its direction of growth is fixed on determines main line
On fixing point between distance h；Current results arm is fixed on the result that the fixing point determining on main line is nearest with its direction of growth
Arm is fixed on distance H between the fixing point determining on main line, as h=1/2H, carries out current results arm at pinching for the first time
Reason；
Pinching for the second time processes: as H=h, current results arm carries out second time pinching and processes；
Sublateral shoot processes: the sublateral shoot sprouted on result arm all retains and draw to tie up is determining branch line；Will with away from determine main line vertical away from
The sublateral shoot sprouted on the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk more than 10cm carries out simple bud process without offspring, retains little with away from determining main line vertical dimension
Two sublateral shoots sprouted on the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk equal to 10cm；
S6, winter pruning
Result arm is pruned: by result arm from the position of ripe, aging and a diameter of 0.8cm～1.0cm to current results
The growing end of arm is cut and is cut；
Pruning to growing branch on result arm: each annual shoot grown on result arm all retains 2～3 eyes to be carried out
Cut and cut；
If not sprouting annual shoot or the adnation position of annual shoot on result arm and quantity being unreasonable, then should
On result arm, all of annual shoot is all cut from raw branch base portion, meanwhile, by result arm from ripe and a diameter of 0.8cm～
The position of 1.0cm is cut to the growing end of current results arm and is cut；
S7, it may be judged whether there is the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A not joined with adjacent Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock result arm, if it is present second
Spring in year, after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment of selecting and remain, a young sprout of front end was as its result arm, then weighs after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment
Multiple step S5 to S6, the tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like；If it does not exist, then directly
The tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like.
Preferably, described pull rope is the ageing-resistant plastic ties of diameter 0.2cm～0.3cm；Overhand knot is used to lead described
Messenger is banded in Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk side near the ground and the top of tissue regeneration promoting tip position；Rolling hitch is used to be fixed by described pull rope
Determining on main line.
Preferably, in step s 5, the position of said two sublateral shoot lays respectively at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk both sides.
Preferably, in step s 5, the young sprout that result arm is sprouted does not carries out any process, the most upwards draws and ties up growth,
It is fixed to determine branch line.
Preferably, when tilting goes alone the tree-like annual winter pruning of single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae, all annual shootes on result arm
2-3 eye is all stayed to carry out cutting and cut.
Preferably, in step s3, pull rope fixed position on Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock should be near the ground at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk
The top of side young sprout.
Preferably, Second Year spring, vine trunk, according to the angle of inclination of last year, draws and is bonded to determine main line.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Tilting of the present invention goes alone that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like uprightly goes alone that level is tree-like, pruning is simple remaining
Single, be suitable for mechanization management and on the basis of disease occurs light advantage, by the inclination field planting of Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock and use draw tied rope or
Trunk is tilted 20-30 degree and cultivates setting by bamboo pole, so that vine can be unloaded down on grape trellis every year in direct motion, puts
To ground, carry out soil burial winter protection, it is to avoid the injury of low temperature arid.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is adapted for the tilting of soil burial winter protection and goes alone nursery stock inclination field planting signal in the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like
Figure；
Fig. 2 is adapted for the young sprout inclination that the tilting of soil burial winter protection is gone alone under selecting and remain in the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like
Draw and tie up schematic diagram；
It is tree-like that Fig. 3 is that the tilting after winter pruning goes alone single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is entered
Row further describes.Should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, the tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection of the present invention goes alone the cultivation side that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like
Method, described method:
S1, seedling planting
When seedling planting, use along Fructus Vitis viniferae row to tilting 20～30 degree (nursery stock trunk and angles on ground), carry out Portugal
Grape seedling planting；Identical with angle of inclination at the incline direction of same Fructus Vitis viniferae row all Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunks upwards.
S2, nursery stock determines the tip
After Fructus Vitis viniferae eye is sprouted, two eugonic young sprouts of selecting and remain, it is near that one of them young sprout is positioned at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk
The side on ground；
Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk after field planting, when eye is sprouted, can grow young sprout, and young sprout position includes towards ground
The side of side, dorsad ground；When nursery stock determines the tip, one in two young sprouts of reservation must be grown in towards ground
Side, i.e. one young sprout is positioned at the subaerial side of Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk.
S3, installs pull rope
Nursery stock is determined after the tip terminates, according to Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk same tilt direction and same tilt angle, institute will be tied up
State the pull rope of Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk to be fixed on and determine on main line；
Described pull rope is the ageing-resistant plastic ties of diameter 0.2cm～0.3cm；Overhand knot is used to be tied up by described pull rope
The top of tissue regeneration promoting tip position in Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk side near the ground；Use rolling hitch to be fixed on by described pull rope and determine main line
On.
Described to determine main line parallel with described Fructus Vitis viniferae row, and the column that the two ends being fixed on Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock place Fructus Vitis viniferae row are arranged
On, be additionally provided with a plurality of fixing branch parallel with determining main line on described column determines branch line；
The described distance determining main line and ground is 0.8m～1.4m, described determines main line and determining between branch line away from its nearest neighbours
Vertical dimension be: 20-40cm, adjacent two vertical dimensions determined between branch line are: 30-40cm.
S4, young sprout draws to be tied up
Retain and be positioned at grape seedlings wood trunk side near the ground, basal growth firmly and the length young sprout more than 60cm, and will
The young sprout retained draws and is bonded on pull rope, and young sprout to be retained grows into after determining main line, not pinching, makes the young sprout of reservation along fixed dry
The incline direction growth of alignment Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk, is trained result arm by young sprout；
S5, pinching and sublateral shoot process
Twice pinching processes:
Pinching for the first time processes: the growing end of the current results arm result arm nearest with its direction of growth is fixed on determines main line
On fixing point between distance h；Current results arm is fixed on the result that the fixing point determining on main line is nearest with its direction of growth
Arm is fixed on distance H between the fixing point determining on main line, as h=1/2H, carries out current results arm at pinching for the first time
Reason；
Pinching for the second time processes: as H=h, current results arm carries out second time pinching and processes；
Sublateral shoot processes: the sublateral shoot sprouted on result arm all retains and draw to tie up is determining branch line；Will with away from determine main line vertical away from
The sublateral shoot doing upper sprouting from the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock major branch more than 10cm carries out simple bud process without offspring, retains and away from determining main line vertical dimension
Two sublateral shoots sprouted on Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk less than or equal to 10cm；
The position of said two sublateral shoot lays respectively at the both sides of trunk.
The sublateral shoot sprouted on result arm does not carry out any process, the most upwards draws and ties up growth, as the growth branch of result arm
It is fixed to determine on branch line.
S6, winter pruning
Result arm is pruned: by result arm from the position of ripe, aging and a diameter of 0.8cm-1.0cm to current results arm
Growing end cut cut；
Pruning to growing branch on result arm: each annual shoot of growth on result arm is all retained 2～3 eyes and enters
Row is cut and is cut；
If not sprouting annual shoot or the adnation position of annual shoot on result arm and quantity being unreasonable, then should
On result arm, all of annual shoot is all cut, meanwhile, by result arm from ripe and a diameter of 0.8-1.0cm from raw branch base portion
Position cut to the growing end of current results arm and cut；
S7, it may be judged whether there is the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A not joined with adjacent Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock result arm, if it is present second
Spring in year, after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment of selecting and remain, a young sprout of front end was as its result arm, then weighs after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment
Multiple step S5 to S6, the tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like；If it does not exist, then directly
The tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like.
After tilting is gone alone that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like and is trained during annual winter pruning, result arm is protected every about 10cm
Staying a branch, each branch stays 2-3 eye to cut and cuts.
In step s3, pull rope fixed position on Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock should raw in Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk side near the ground
The top of young sprout position.
Second Year spring, vine trunk, according to the angle of inclination of last year, draws and is bonded to determine main line.
By using technique scheme disclosed by the invention, obtain following beneficial effect: inclination of the present invention
Formula goes alone that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like uprightly goes alone that level is tree-like, pruning simple, be suitable for mechanization management and disease remaining
On the basis of there is light advantage, tilt field planting by Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock and use is drawn tied rope or bamboo pole and trunk is tilted the training of 20-30 degree
Support setting, so that vine can be unloaded down on grape trellis every year in direct motion, be put into ground, carry out soil burial winter protection, keep away
Exempt from the injury of low temperature arid.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
Depending on protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultural method that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like, it is characterised in that described method:
S1, seedling planting
When seedling planting, use along Fructus Vitis viniferae row to tilting 20～30 degree, carry out Fructus Vitis viniferae seedling planting；
S2, nursery stock determines the tip
After Fructus Vitis viniferae eye is sprouted, two eugonic young sprouts of selecting and remain, it is near the ground that one of them young sprout is positioned at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk
Side；
S3, installs pull rope
Nursery stock is determined after the tip terminates, according to Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk same tilt direction and same tilt angle, described Portugal will be tied up
The pull rope of grape nursery stock trunk is fixed on to be determined on main line；
S4, young sprout draws to be tied up
Retain and be positioned at grape seedlings wood trunk side near the ground, basal growth firmly and the length young sprout more than 60cm, and will retain
Young sprout draw and be bonded on pull rope, young sprout to be retained grows into after determining main line, not pinching, make the young sprout of reservation along determine main line to
Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk incline direction grows, and is trained result arm；
S5, pinching and sublateral shoot process
Twice pinching processes:
Pinching for the first time processes: the growing end of the current results arm result arm nearest with its direction of growth is fixed on to be determined on main line
Distance h between fixing point；It is solid that current results arm is fixed on the fixing point determining on the main line result arm nearest with its direction of growth
Distance H being scheduled between the fixing point on main line, as h=1/2H, carries out pinching for the first time and processes current results arm；
Pinching for the second time processes: as H=h, current results arm carries out second time pinching and processes；
Sublateral shoot processes: the sublateral shoot sprouted on result arm all retains, and draws to tie up and is determining branch line；Will be more than away from determining main line vertical dimension
The sublateral shoot sprouted on the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk of 10cm carries out simple bud process without offspring, retains and is less than or equal to away from determining main line vertical dimension
Two sublateral shoots sprouted on the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk of 10cm；
S6, winter pruning
Result arm is pruned: by result arm from the position of ripe, aging and a diameter of 0.8cm～1.0cm to current results arm
Growing end is cut and is cut；
Pruning to growing branch on result arm: each annual shoot grown on result arm all retains 2～3 eyes and cuts
Cut；
If not sprouting annual shoot or the adnation position of annual shoot on result arm and quantity being unreasonable, then by this result
On arm, all of annual shoot is all cut, meanwhile, by result arm from ripe and a diameter of 0.8cm～1.0cm from raw branch base portion
Position cut to the growing end of current results arm and cut；
S7, it may be judged whether there is the Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A not joined with adjacent Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock result arm, if it is present the Second Year spring
Season, after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment of selecting and remain, a young sprout of front end was as its result arm after Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock A rudiment, then repeated step
Rapid S5 to S6, the tilting completing to be suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like；If it does not exist, then be done directly
The tilting being suitable to soil burial winter protection goes alone the cultivation that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like.
Cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pull rope be diameter 0.2cm～0.3cm resistance to always
Change plastic ties；Use overhand knot that described pull rope is banded in Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk side near the ground and the upper of tissue regeneration promoting tip position
Portion；Use rolling hitch to be fixed on by described pull rope to determine on main line.
The most according to claim 1, cultural method, it is characterised in that in step s 5, the position of said two sublateral shoot is respectively
It is positioned at Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk both sides.
The most according to claim 1, cultural method, it is characterised in that in step s 5, the young sprout that result arm is sprouted does not enters
Any process of row, the most upwards draws and ties up growth, be fixed to determine branch line.
Cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that go alone the annual winter that single armed Fructus Vitis viniferae is tree-like at tilting
During pruning, on result arm, all annual shootes all stay 2-3 eye to carry out cutting and cut.
Cultural method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step s3, pull rope consolidating on Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock
The top that should tissue regeneration promoting tip position in Fructus Vitis viniferae nursery stock trunk side near the ground is put in location.
The most according to claim 1, cultural method, it is characterised in that Second Year spring, vine trunk inclines according to last year
Rake angle, draws and is bonded to determine main line.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610663559.1A CN106258788B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | The cultural method tree-like suitable for the tilting single-trunk single armed grape of soil burial winter protection |
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| CN201610663559.1A CN106258788B (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | The cultural method tree-like suitable for the tilting single-trunk single armed grape of soil burial winter protection |
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| CN107646511A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-02-02 | 王晗 | One kind can lodge grape trellis and its application method |
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| CN111684981A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-22 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Management method for horizontal long main vines of grapes in northern soil-buried cultivation area |
| CN111684981B (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2022-03-22 | 北京市林业果树科学研究院 | Management method for horizontal long main vines of grapes in northern soil-buried cultivation area |
| CN111567308A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-08-25 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | Oblique-dragon-trunk multi-main-branch vertical plane tree form for apples and shaping method thereof |
| CN112106588A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-22 | 山东农业大学 | Wind-resistant and labor-saving grape young shoot management method |
| CN112640722A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-13 | 北京市延庆区葡萄及葡萄酒产业促进中心 | Method for rapidly updating damaged grape vine body and achieving high yield by utilizing sprout tiller |
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