CN106242506A - 一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶及其制备方法,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:坯体料:高岭土25‑30份,钾长石15‑20份,石英5‑10份,瓷石5‑10份,膨润土3‑5份;防渗漏釉料:高岭土10‑15份、长石15‑20份、石英5‑10份、瓷石12‑15份、方解石5‑7份,硅酸锆5‑10份,制备方法包括坯料粉碎,素坯成型,防渗漏釉料制备,浸施釉素坯放入窑炉成型,本发明制备和使用方法简单,生产成本低,在钧瓷坯内表面上施用防渗漏釉浆,烧成后的钧瓷内表面釉层致密,且不开片,所以能起到很好的防渗漏效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及瓷器领域,具体涉及一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶及其制备方法。
背景技术
钧瓷发端于东汉,是宋代五大名窑瓷器之一,汉族传统制瓷工艺中的珍品,被称为国宝、瑰宝。以独特的窑变艺术而著称于世,素有“黄金有价钧无价”和“家有万贯,不如钧瓷一件”的美誉,凭借其古朴的造型、精湛的工艺、复杂的配釉、“入窑一色出窑万彩”的神奇窑变,湖光山色、云霞雾霭、人兽花鸟虫鱼等变化无穷的图形色彩和奇妙韵味,被誉为中国“五大名瓷”之首,其产品特点是胎厚、釉质丰满、色彩瑰丽而富有变化,主要作为高档装饰品。但对于钧瓷日用品来说则属于明显缺陷:一是钧瓷香灰胎的烧结程度不高,通透性较高,在钧瓷釉的开片的情况下,钧瓷器皿盛装液态物质时易产生渗漏;二是片纹的间隙易藏污纳垢,不利于清洁卫生。在人们生活水平日益提高,钧瓷制品已走入普通百姓家的今天,对于钧瓷防渗漏的研究将具有重大意义。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的问题,本发明提供了一种的烧成后不开片,不易裂纹,
高强度的防渗漏钧瓷瓶及其制备方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土25-30份,钾长石15-20份,石英5-10份,瓷石5-10份,膨润土3-5份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土10-15份、长石15-20份、石英5-10份、瓷石12-15份、方解石5-7份,硅酸锆5-10份。
优选的一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土27份,钾长石18份,石英7份,瓷石8份,膨润土4份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土12份、长石17份、石英8份、瓷石14份、方解石6份,硅酸锆8份。
一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将上述重量份的坯料粉碎混合后放入磨机,加入55-60份的水,用球磨加工湿磨8-9小时,经过湿磨的料浆过200-250目筛,筛余小于0.2 -0.3份,静置24 小时;
2)将步骤1)制备的料浆注入模具内,分别制成胎厚为0.4-0.7mm的瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体,坯体成型后取出,晾干,修整,然后用泥浆将瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体粘接,用水擦坯后放入950-1000℃的窑中烧制3-4小时,停火冷却至室温,烧成的素坯取出;
3)将烧制钧瓷用的防渗漏釉料粉碎至40-60目,然后放入磨机,加入水至防渗漏釉料比重为1.25-1.29g/ml,开机湿磨10-13小时,得到防渗漏釉浆,后将防渗漏釉浆取出静置24小时;
4)将步骤2)制成的素坯用水擦坯后,在素坯外部浸施传统的钧瓷瓷釉,在瓷坯体内表面浸施上述步骤3)调配好的防渗漏釉浆,釉层厚度为0.25-0.3mm,浸施釉完成后取出浸施釉素坯修整;
5)将步骤4)修整好的浸施釉素坯放入窑炉,窑炉内通风,控制窑炉内的烧制温度,点火预热至800℃氧化阶段,减少窑炉的通风量,使炉内转变为还原气氛,升温至900℃-1200℃后烧制8 小时,素坯在 1200℃的条件下保温烧制1小时,升温至1250℃后,保温1小时,保温后熄火自然冷却至室温9小时,完成制作备用。
本发明制备和使用方法简单,生产成本低,在钧瓷坯内表面上施用防渗漏釉浆,烧成后的钧瓷内表面釉层致密,且不开片,所以能起到很好的防渗漏效果,在坯体料中,选用的原料能够增加坯体强度,瓷石、石英和钾长石在烧制过程中起到熔剂作用,能够使原料中的各种成分牢固紧密的结合,不易裂纹,提高强度。在烧制过程中通过对温度的控制使坯体原料在化学和物理变化中处其有益效果是设计简单,成本低廉,设计新颖,实用性较大,通过制备方法中对烧制温度的控制,使温度按照所述的温度曲线逐渐变化,并按照先氧化后还原的方法,使制成的瓷釉外形美观,表面温润如玉;硅酸锆中的锆元素对降低釉的膨胀系数有显著作用,且具有较好的热稳定性,能够增加陶瓷的耐热性,同时能提高有的高温黏度,在烧制的过程中呈现乳浊状釉色,增加釉色的艺术感。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明,实施例仅用来说明本发明,并不限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土27份,钾长石18份,石英7份,瓷石8份,膨润土4份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土12份、长石17份、石英8份、瓷石14份、方解石6份,硅酸锆8份。
上述防渗漏钧瓷瓶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将上述重量份的坯料粉碎混合后放入磨机,加入58份的水,用球磨加工湿磨9小时,经过湿磨的料浆过220目筛,筛余小于0.2份,静置24 小时;
2)将步骤1)制备的料浆注入模具内,分别制成胎厚为0.6mm的瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体,坯体成型后取出,晾干,修整,然后用泥浆将瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体粘接,用水擦坯后放入990℃的窑中烧制4小时,停火冷却至室温,烧成的素坯取出;
3)将烧制钧瓷用的防渗漏釉料粉碎至50目然后放入磨机,加入水至防渗漏釉料比重为1.25 ~1.29g/ml,开机湿磨11小时,得到防渗漏釉浆,后将防渗漏釉浆取出静置24小时;
4)将步骤2)制成的素坯用水擦坯后,在素坯外部浸施传统的钧瓷瓷釉,传统的钧瓷瓷釉为市场上可以购买或通过简单配置的钧瓷瓷釉,在瓷坯体内表面浸施上述步骤3)调配好的防渗漏釉浆,釉层厚度为0.25~0.3mm,浸施釉完成后取出修整;
5)将步骤4)修整好的浸施釉素坯放入窑炉,窑炉内通风,使素坯在氧化气氛中烧制 ,控制窑炉内的烧制温度,点火预热至800℃氧化阶段,减少窑炉的通风量,使炉内转变为还原气氛,升温至1000℃后烧制8 小时,素坯在1200℃的条件下保温烧制1小时,升温至1250℃后,保温1小时,保温后熄火自然冷却至室温9 小时,完成制作备用。
实施例2: 一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土30份,钾长石20份,石英10份,瓷石10份,膨润土5份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土15份、长石20份、石英10份、瓷石15份、方解石7份,硅酸锆10份。
上述防渗漏钧瓷瓶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将上述重量份的坯料粉碎混合后放入磨机,加入60份的水,用球磨加工湿磨9小时,经过湿磨的料浆过250目筛,筛余小于0.3份,静置24 小时;
2)将步骤1)制备的料浆注入模具内,分别制成胎厚为0.7mm 的瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体,坯体成型后取出,晾干,修整,然后用泥浆将瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体粘接,用水擦坯后放入1000℃的窑中烧制4小时,停火冷却至室温,烧成的素坯取出;
3)将烧制钧瓷用的防渗漏釉料粉碎至60目,然后放入磨机,加入水至防渗漏釉料比重为1.25~1.29g/ml,开机湿磨13小时,得到防渗漏釉浆,后将防渗漏釉浆取出静置24小时;
4)将步骤2)制成的素坯用水擦坯后,在素坯外部浸施传统的钧瓷瓷釉,传统的钧瓷瓷釉为市场上可以购买或通过简单配置的钧瓷瓷釉,在瓷坯体内表面浸施上述步骤3)调配好的防渗漏釉浆,釉层厚度为0.3mm,浸施釉完成后取出修整;
5)将步骤4)修整好的浸施釉素坯放入窑炉,窑炉内通风,使素坯在氧化气氛中烧制,控制窑炉内的烧制温度,点火预热至800℃氧化阶段,减少窑炉的通风量,使炉内转变为还原气氛,升温至1200℃后烧制8 小时,素坯在 1200℃的条件下保温烧制1小时,升温至1250℃后,保温1小时,保温后熄火自然冷却至室温9小时,完成制作备用。
实施例3:一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土25份,钾长石15份,石英5份,瓷石5份,膨润土3份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土10份、长石15份、石英5份、瓷石12份、方解石5份,硅酸锆5份。
上述防渗漏钧瓷瓶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
1)将上述重量份的坯料粉碎混合后放入磨机,加入55份的水,用球磨加工湿磨8小时,经过湿磨的料浆过200目筛,筛余小于0.2份,静置24 小时;
2)将步骤1)制备的料浆注入模具内,分别制成胎厚为0.4mm的瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体,坯体成型后取出,晾干,修整,然后用泥浆将瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体粘接,用水擦坯后放入950℃的窑中烧制3小时,停火冷却至室温,烧成的素坯取出;
3)将烧制钧瓷用的防渗漏釉料粉碎至40目,然后放入磨机,加入水至防渗漏釉料比重为1.25-1.29g/ml,开机湿磨10小时,得到防渗漏釉浆,后将防渗漏釉浆取出静置24小时;
4)将步骤2)制成的素坯用水擦坯后,在素坯外部浸施传统的钧瓷瓷釉,传统的钧瓷瓷釉为市场上可以购买或通过简单配置的钧瓷瓷釉,在瓷坯体内表面浸施上述步骤3)调配好的防渗漏釉浆,釉层厚度为0.25-0.3mm,浸施釉完成后取出修整;
5)将步骤4)修整好的浸施釉素坯放入窑炉,窑炉内通风,使素坯在氧化气氛中烧制,控制窑炉内的烧制温度,点火预热至800℃氧化阶段,减少窑炉的通风量,使炉内转变为还原气氛,升温至900℃℃后烧制8 小时,素坯在 1200℃的条件下保温烧制1小时,升温至1250℃后,保温1小时,保温后熄火自然冷却至室温9小时,完成制作备用。
表一为坯体料和防渗釉料化学组成成分的重量百分比,单位:wt%。
组名 | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | TiO2 | P2O5 | MgO | K2O | Na2O | B2O3 | LiO2 |
坯体料 | 29.8 | 17.2 | 0.2 | 0.02 | 15.6 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 1.4 | - | - |
防渗釉料 | 49.3 | 9.3 | 0.05 | - | - | 0.7 | 5.7 | 2.6 | 7.3 | 0.2 |
表一
上述方法制得的防渗漏钧瓷瓶白度为90-93、光泽度为94-95、吸水率为0.07-0.08,釉面维氏显微硬度为8.1-8.3Gpa,中心抗冲击强度2.6-2.8J/cm2,铅、镉溶出量为0。
Claims (3)
1.一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土25-30份,钾长石15-20份,石英5-10份,瓷石5-10份,膨润土3-5份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土10-15份、长石15-20份、石英5-10份、瓷石12-15份、方解石5-7份,硅酸锆5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防渗漏钧瓷瓶,其特征在于,它是由下列重量份数的坯体料和防渗漏釉料制备而成的:
坯体料:高岭土27份,钾长石18份,石英7份,瓷石8份,膨润土4份;
防渗漏釉料:高岭土12份、长石17份、石英8份、瓷石14份、方解石6份,硅酸锆8份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种防渗漏钧瓷瓶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
1)将上述重量份的坯料粉碎混合后放入磨机,加入55-60份的水,用球磨加工湿磨8-9小时,经过湿磨的料浆过200-250目筛,筛余小于0.2 -0.3份,静置24 小时;
2)将步骤1)制备的料浆注入模具内,分别制成胎厚为0.4-0.7mm的瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体,坯体成型后取出,晾干,修整,然后用泥浆将瓶口部、中部和底部的坯体粘接,用水擦坯后放入950-1000℃的窑中烧制3-4小时,停火冷却至室温,烧成的素坯取出;
3)将烧制钧瓷用的防渗漏釉料粉碎至40-60目,然后放入磨机,加入水至防渗漏釉料比重为1.25-1.29g/ml,开机湿磨10-13小时,得到防渗漏釉浆,后将防渗漏釉浆取出静置24小时;
(4)将步骤2)制成的素坯用水擦坯后,在素坯外部浸施传统的钧瓷瓷釉,在瓷坯体内表面浸施上述步骤3)调配好的防渗漏釉浆,釉层厚度为0.25-0.3mm,浸施釉完成后取出浸施釉素坯修整;
(5)将步骤4)修整好的浸施釉素坯放入窑炉,窑炉内通风,控制窑炉内的烧制温度,点火预热至800℃氧化阶段,减少窑炉的通风量,使炉内转变为还原气氛,升温至900℃-1200℃后烧制8 小时,素坯在 1200℃的条件下保温烧制1小时,升温至1250℃后,保温1小时,保温后熄火自然冷却至室温9小时,完成制作备用。
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