CN1061934C - 用以包装液态或粒状产品的复合纸 - Google Patents

用以包装液态或粒状产品的复合纸 Download PDF

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CN1061934C
CN1061934C CN95194290A CN95194290A CN1061934C CN 1061934 C CN1061934 C CN 1061934C CN 95194290 A CN95194290 A CN 95194290A CN 95194290 A CN95194290 A CN 95194290A CN 1061934 C CN1061934 C CN 1061934C
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paper
described method
extrusion coating
cavity
make
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CN1154088A (zh
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乔治·特拉尼
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    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/14—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets
    • B29C51/145—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor using multilayered preforms or sheets having at least one layer of textile or fibrous material combined with at least one plastics layer
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    • B65D75/326—Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents one sheet being recessed, and the other being a flat not- rigid sheet, e.g. puncturable or peelable foil and forming one compartment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2791/007—Using fluid under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract

用以作立体包装的复合纸，其特征是：复合纸由一层易变形纸(4)和至少一层不渗透膜(6)构成，易变形纸具有一定程度的各向变形性，变形性不低于10%，不渗透性膜具有与易变形纸相应的变形性。

Description

用以包装液态或粒状产品的复合纸
本发明涉及用以对液态可固化产品、粒状或粉状产品作立体包装的复合纸、进行这种包装的方法和用这种方法取得的包装品。
对液态可固化产品、粒状或粉状消费产品作计量包装的方法属已知技术。在其中的一种方法中，将热塑成形的两个硬质塑料半壳体如聚乙烯半壳体沿其边沿连接而构成一腔体，再用传统的充填机进行充填。如产品作液态、粒状或粉状使用时，包装品经封口后就可予以销售。但，如产品作固态使用(如冰琪淋)时，充有液体产品并经封口的包装品就需作冷冻处理并在使用前需进行冷藏。
不论采用何种材料，这些属已知技术的包装品都具有实际上可取任何形状的优点，但也存在着一些缺点，这就是：
费用很高，这与所用塑料的费用有关，
如所用塑料无生物降解性质时，实际上就无生态优点，
具有一定重量，需一定的运输费用，
使用过的包装体在体积上与满装时相比大体上并不减小。
用覆有聚乙烯或二聚乙烯的纸板制成连续的管状体，再用横向焊缝使其分段而作一般为液体产品的充填包装，然后经由焊缝作横向切割，这也是已知技术。这种包装品一般成四面体、平行六面体或圆筒体，这取决于横向焊缝的制作方法和对包装品在将其从连续的管状体上分出后的折叠操作。
这一已知技术显著地加快了包装操作，但就包装品使用后可能的形状和总的尺寸以及包装的费用来说仍存在着一些缺点。
本发明的目的是消除上述这些缺点提供一种用于计量包装的复合材料，包装形状实际上不受限制，并可作液态、粒状或粉状包装，费用也低。
本发明的另一目的是取得很轻的包装体，从而尽量减少包装和运输的费用。
本发明的另一目的是取得使包装体使用后的体积尽量减小的方法。
本发明的另一目的是取得一种可利用传统的商用包装机的包装方法。
所有这些目的可通过本发明权利要求1所述的用于立体包装的复合纸来实现。
本发明还提供了一种权利要求5-21所述包装方法。
用这种方法取得的包装品如权利要求22-23所述。
现对本发明按附图说明如下，图中：
图1为本发明复合纸的局部放大视图；
图2示出本发明方法的作业线；
图3为图2模具开启时的放大透视图；
图4为模具在充入加压的流体前闭合时的垂直剖面图；
图5为模具在充入加压的流体后与图4相同的视图；
图6为从模具中取出待充填的包装体透视图；
图7为本发明方法另一实施例中模具开启时的剖面图；
图8示出图7模具的另一实施例；
图9示出从模具中取出待充填的包装体。
如图所示，本发明复合纸2由一层易变形纸4和一层不渗透性塑料膜6构成。易变形纸4具有一定程度的变形性，使其可作横向和纵向至少10％最好20％的永久性扩展，具体地说，其扩展程度可使包装体具有所需最终形状而不致破裂。
塑料膜6最好采用聚乙烯或其他可剥离的热塑性材料，其变形程度不低于与其配用的易变形纸，且具有合适的可焊性。
这两层材料4、6之间的接合最好按传统的方法是连续形成的，这不属于本发明的范围，这里不再予以说明。在图2实施例中，使复合纸2卷成纸卷8并作纵向折叠而使两层聚乙烯层6彼此相对。
在图2-4实施例中本发明方法还采用由两个彼此可相对移动的半模10构成的模具，每半模具有腔体12，腔体具有稍作凸起而带一缺口16的边缘14。两半模10的腔体12、围绕腔体的凸起边缘14和凸起边缘14的缺口16在两半模10合在一起时完全相互配接。
图中所示半模10为了简化图形只具有一个模槽，实际上为了加快包装操作最好采用多槽模具。
半模10的腔体12向外通向一管孔18，管孔与腔体12边缘14的缺口16连通，并与另一半模10的管孔相配接。
本发明方法如下：
在将复合纸2纵向折叠成两层而置于两半模10之间后，将两半模合在一起而使复合纸夹在其中(图4)。对两彼此接触的边缘14进行加热而将夹在其中的两聚乙烯层6除缺口16外熔焊在一起。
在熔焊后通过管孔18引入压缩空气，压缩空气也可以是热态的，其双重作用是：加热聚乙烯6而具有软化和杀菌作用以及使夹在边缘14之间的两层易变形纸4扩展而贴合在相应腔体12的表面上(图5)。聚乙烯的软化有利于纸张的扩展。
在引入空气后，将两半模10分开以便取出形状对应于半模10腔体、内面不渗透的纸包装体20，其形状具有相当的稳定性，因为构成复合纸的易变形纸4和聚乙烯6已作永久性变形(图6)。
这时，可将包装体送去充填，最好采用自动机进行充填，再进行封口而将用以充入液态、糊状、粒状或粉状包装产品的聚乙烯6缺口16封住。
根据产品的性质，对封口的包装体20可作进一步的处理或将其送去存放。例如，对液态下使用的产品(洗发剂、洗涤剂、牛奶、水等)和对粒状或粉状产品可直接予以存放。如产品在常温下是固态的(巧克力、干酪或肥皂)，只是暂时将其加热成液态，这时，只需待其冷却，就可使其取包装体20的形状并保持到使用时才将其从中取出。如产品是液态而需将其制成水琪琳或水果，就需在充填后进行冷冻，这可在使用前不久进行。
简言之，不论需包装何种产品，本发明这一实施例的原理都在于利用聚乙烯，其传统的作用是使易变形纸不致在充填和存放时为液态产品所渗透，也不致受到外界空气的渗透，因而可对包装纸进行以往从未能进行的操作。
如果考虑到包装体很易受潮(冷凝水)，最好使易变形纸4的两面都覆上聚乙烯膜6。
本发明方法第二实施例在于：在熔焊聚乙烯之后，通过管孔18送入的流体不是空气而是需包装的实际液态产品，液态产品使复合纸扩展而贴合在半模10的壁体上。在这种情况下，对需包装的产品仍可根据其性质作各种不同的处理，但对本发明来说，都是通过需包装的实际产品在模具内进行成形包装。如产品是可以固化的，不论其在常温下是固态的还是为了便于充填事先作了加热，也不论其在常温下是液态的但在充填后需冷冻的，对本发明来说，都涉及液体和包装体之间的相互作用。就这方面来说，在充填时，液态产品迫使纸和聚丙烯取模具的形状，而在因化模时，原来通过液体成形的包装体现在却成为液体固化的模型了。
此外，在本发明的这两实施例中，具体地说，在包装可固化的液态食用产品时，在充填之前可在模具中插入传统的如木制或塑料小棍21，使其在产品固化时留在其中而成为手持产品所需支棍。
本发明方法第三实施例在于：成张复合纸2以其纸层4面向模具24腔体22而沿腔体连续的边沿覆盖其上。然后通过模具22内适当的抽吸通道26对模具进行抽空，使所述复合纸作切向扩展而贴合在腔体内表面上。为取得更好的扩展，可在腔体22上面采用辅助冲头28，用以在抽空中通过机械的方法促使复合纸扩展。
最好用气动作用支援机械作用，为此，冲头28带有若干通道30以便向复合纸喷射空气，必要时可喷射热空气。
对这样得出的阀形包装体32就可充入需包装的产品，然后用透明膜片34或附加阀状体通过熔焊进行封闭。
总之，不论采用何种实施例，本发明复合纸和包装方法都具有很明显的优点，具体地说，在于：
使包装体的形状实际上不受任何限制，
使商业上供应的传统成形和充填装备都可加以利用，
使包装体既轻又便宜，使用后可将其体积作最大程度的压缩。

Claims (23)

1．一种用以作立体软包装的复合纸，其特征是：复合纸由一层易变形纸和至少一层不渗透性膜构成，易变形纸具有一定程度的各向变形性，变形性不低于10％，不渗透性膜具有与易变形纸相应的变形性。
2．按权利要求1所述复合纸，其特征是：不渗透性膜(6)由可热成形和可熔焊的材料构成。
3．按权利要求2所述复合纸，其特征是：不渗透性膜(6)由聚乙烯构成。
4．按权利要求1所述复合纸，其特征是：不渗透性膜由铝合金构成。
5．一种用权利要求1-4中一或多项所述复合纸进行包装的方法，其特征是：将一张复合纸(2)以其边缘对应于腔体(22)的连续边沿盖在至少一个模具的腔体上，然后使所述复合纸张作切向扩展而贴合在所述腔体的内表面上，再将所得具有腔体形状的凹形阀状体(32)送去作下一步的充填和封闭。
6．按权利要求5所述方法，其特征是：在复合纸张和腔体(22)之间造成压降而使复合纸张扩展。
7．按权利要求5所述方法，其特征是：通过形状大体上与腔体(22)互补的冲头(28)对所述纸张进行机械加压。
8．按权利要求7所述方法，其特征是：使压缩空气穿过所述冲头(28)喷射在所述复合纸张上以便用气动作用支援机械作用。
9．按权利要求8所述方法，其特征是：采用热态空气。
10．按权利要求5所述方法，其特征是：在充填后对凹形阀状体(32)用贴在其边沿上可熔焊的材料制片(34)进行封闭。
11．按权利要求5所述方法，其特征是：在充填后对第一凹形阀状体(32)在使另一凹形阀状体倒扣其上的情况下用在两相互接触的边缘近处进行熔焊的方法进行封闭。
12．按权利要求5所述方法，其特征是：
将两张复合纸(2)在使其可热成形和可熔焊的塑料膜(6)相互接触的情况下合在一起。
将此两纸张(2)沿至少在缺口(16)上具有预定形状的周边线(14)焊在一起，
将加压流体通过所述缺口(16)充入所述两纸张(2)的内部空间中，纸张装在两个闭合的半模(10)内，半模具有由所述周边焊线(14)围住的腔体(12)，从而使所述纸张(2)扩展而贴合在所述腔体(12)的壁体上，
将需包装的产品充入由所述纸张(2)限定的容积内，
对周边线作横过所述缺口(16)的最后焊接。
13．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：纵向折叠一连续的卷纸(8)而使两张纸(2)合在一起。
14．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：沿所述周边线将两纸张(2)熔焊在一起。
15．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：沿所述周边线将两纸张(2)用超声波焊在一起。
16．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：在所述半模(10)内将所述两纸张(2)焊在一起。
17．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：在注射流体时使两半模(10)保持热态。
18．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：采用由一层易变形纸(4)和在其两面与其接合的两层塑料膜(6)构成的纸张(2)。
19．按权利要求12和(或)17所述方法，其特征是：流体为压缩气体。
20．按权利要求19所述方法，其特征是：流体为热态压缩气体。
21．按权利要求12所述方法，其特征是：流体为需包装的实际产品。
22．按权利要求5-21中一或多项所述方法取得的包装体，其特征是：包装体由凹形容器构成，在充填后在容器边沿上用膜片封闭。
23．按权利要求5-21中一或多项所述方法取得的包装体，其特征是：包装体由两个沿相对的两边沿接合在一起的凹形阀状体构成。
CN95194290A 1994-07-22 1995-07-21 用以包装液态或粒状产品的复合纸 Expired - Fee Related CN1061934C (zh)

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