CN1061637C - 预混合的固化型填缝料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种具有可再生性和固化时间可预测性的可在预混合状态下保存并在加入促凝剂后可固化和硬化的固化型水泥质组合物。该水泥基组合物含有半水硫酸钙作为主要填充剂材料和在水存在时间阻止固化作用的特定的非钙磷酸盐添加剂。可将一种促凝剂如硫酸锌加入到该预混合的水泥质组合物中以起动固化作用,或者该预混合的水泥质组合物也可不加促凝剂而作为一种干型结合物使用。
Description
发明背景
1、发明领域
本发明涉及一种水泥质组合物,它在预混合状态(即与水预掺合)下相对稳定而当向该组合物中加入促凝剂时能固化和硬化。本发明的预混合的水泥质组合物具有多种用途,包括(但不限于)用于修整石膏干墙板之间缝隙的填缝料、隔火复合物、装饰和浇铸灰泥、腻子以及其基层和精修灰泥(包括饰面修整)。当作为一种填缝料时该预混合的水泥质组合物也可以以一种不加促凝剂的干型填缝料而使用。
2、现有技术的描述
从石膏墙板制得的墙一般是通过将墙板与螺栓相连,并用一种特定配方的称为填缝料的组合物填充并涂盖板之间的结合部而构成。将湿的填缝料(胶带级)放进由墙板的连接边所形成的结合部中,将纸增强的胶带用该填缝料埋进该结合部中然后让其干燥。当该填缝料干燥以后,将第二层填缝料(拉平级)施用到该结合部并且也让其干燥。此后,该填缝料可以轻度砂磨,而且墙壁可以用装饰层(油漆、织物或者壁纸)进行传统装修;或者如果需要掩盖该结合部,也可施用第三层填缝料,并且在其干燥后可以轻度砂磨和将装饰层施用到墙上。如果不使用两级填缝料,则可从商业途径得到既可用于埋封胶带又可用于装修层的全功能填缝料。如果使用玻璃纤维增强带,则可在施用填缝料之前将其施用到墙上。该填缝料可施用在玻璃纤维带上面并可挤压透过该玻璃纤维带。
一般来说,所有填缝料都含有填充剂,粘合剂和增稠剂。胶带级(taping grade)填缝料一般比拉平级(topping grade)含有更多的粘合剂。常规填充剂为碳酸钙、二水硫酸钙(石膏)和半水硫酸钙(熟石膏)。半水硫酸钙仅用在如USP3,297,601中所描述的固化型填缝料中。然而在近来的建筑实践中,优选的是使用一种含有碳酸钙或者石膏填充剂的预混合、预湿化的干型填缝料。
传统的干型填缝料存在收缩的问题从而难以获得平滑的墙面。这些现有的填缝料在干燥时的收缩在当第二涂层施用到尚未干透的先期涂层时可能会特别麻烦。用未干透的填缝料涂覆或填充的表面将会收缩,既使在墙完工或装饰完后也会发生收缩。在某些情况这种在收缩很严重,可能需要施工人员对工作部位返工进行重新修整和重新装饰。
以前在填缝料工业中对填缝料的基本要求是能快速固化或硬化,从而可以缩短石膏干墙结构所需要的时间,并且最好是收缩性很小。这种类型的填缝料在该领域具有显著的优越性,可以显著地降低成本以及修整和装饰墙面所需要的时间。
为了克服干型填缝料的缺点,开发了粉状固化型填缝料。在固化型填缝料中,用半水硫酸钙(煅烧石膏)作为基本填充材料。该粉状复合物为干料掺合,当准备使用时与水混合。水与半水硫酸钙接触形成固化石膏(二水硫酸钙)。在这种复合物中其固化时间比干型复合物干燥所需时间明显缩短。但是固化型填缝料的缺点是它们不能制备成预混合的填缝料,因为当其与水混合时它们仅有很短的可使用时间,而且不能在潮湿条件下贮存。
现有技术,UPS4,661,161描述了一种预混合的固化型填缝料。该专利描述了一种两组份组合物,其中带有一种含有湿半水硫酸钙、常规填缝料粘合剂和增稠剂的预混合的水泥质组份和一种含有从动物组织形成的蛋白组份和可有效络合钙离子的络合剂的结合型固化缓凝剂。其他组份,一种促凝剂,包括一种LogK值比钙高的化合物例如带有三价铁离子的化合物(如硫酸铁)。该专利宣称该水泥质组份作为商品具有足够长的贮存期限。当两种组份混合时,水泥质组份在合适的时间后进行水合,形成一种具有满意的结合复合物性质的固化材料。
然而已经发现由于预混合的水泥质组份的贮存期限的问题,USP4,661,161中所描述的预混合的固化型填缝料不能进行商业开发。发现掺和在预混合的水泥质组份中的固化缓凝剂的活性会降解老化,使得水泥质组份在未加促凝剂的包装袋中进行固化。另外,当预混合的水泥质组份在贮存过程中老化时,体系的固化时间显著缩短,变得不可控制和难以预测。
发明概述
本发明包括一种具有可再生性和固化时间可预测性的可在预混合状态(与水预混合)下保存并在加入促凝剂后可固化和硬化的固化型水泥质组合物。已经发现含有半水硫酸钙作为基本填充材料的水泥基组合物可以与水和一定的可在水存在时阻止固化的不含钙的磷酸盐添加剂进行预混合。可将一种促凝剂加入到预混合的水泥基中引起固化作用,或者预混合的水泥质组合物也可以一种不加促凝剂的干型填缝料而使用。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种贮存期限至少大约为几个月的预混合的固化型填缝料。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种可用于填充或密封相邻墙板之间的结合部的固化型填缝料,该填缝料在用一种促凝剂活化以后具有相当短的固化时间。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种可用于修整相邻墙板之间的结合部并且表现出较低收缩性的固化型填缝料。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种既可在与促凝剂混合时作为固化型填缝剂使用又可在没有促凝剂时作为干型填缝料使用的预混合的水泥质组合物。
本发明的预混合水泥质组合物的其他目的和优点将通过下面的优选具体方式的描述而变得明显。
优选实施方案的描述
本发明开发了一种在预混合物中结合了一种特殊缓凝添加剂的在预混合状态(与水预混合)下具有优良的贮存期限的水泥质组合物。该水泥质组合物中的关键组份是一种可使预混合水泥基保持一种非固化状态的而在有水存在时可正常固化半水硫酸钙填充剂的长效缓凝剂。已经发现在预混合水泥质组合物中可提供长效缓凝作用的添加剂是不含钙的磷酸盐。特别是发现(1)六偏磷酸锌和(2)三聚磷酸钾可提供长效缓凝效应,而(3)焦磷酸四钠盐可提供最大的持久的固化缓凝作用。其他有效的固化缓凝剂包括(4)三聚磷酸钠、(5)磷酸二氢铵和(6)磷酸二氢钾。
一般来说,少量的磷酸盐添加剂便可提供固化缓凝作用,其用量范围以不包括水的总的组合物重量为基准为大约0.1~10%(重量)。除了半水硫酸钙填充剂以外,碳酸钙也可作为填充剂。
如上所述,水泥基组合物中的主要组份为半水硫酸钙填充剂。这一组份使得该组合物可作为一种固化型复合物。已经发现α晶态形式的半水硫酸钙对于含有非钙磷酸盐的非固化预混合组合物的长期保持是优选的。一般来说非湿化的水泥基组合物的至少20%(重量)为半水硫酸钙,该范围可高达99%(重量)。另外,碳酸钙也可作为一种填充剂。碳酸钙的用量范围可以高达非湿化水泥基组合物重量的大约75%(重量)。
在作为一种填缝料的水泥基组合物的制备中可以向组合物中加入常规的填缝料组份。橡胶浆乳液粘合剂是一种在填缝料领域中熟知的重要的组份。任何常规的橡胶浆粘合剂可以与聚乙酸乙烯酯一起使用,其中乙烯乙酸乙烯酯乳液是优选的。一般来说如果存在橡胶浆粘合剂,则其用量为加水之前的组合物重量的大约1~15%(重量)。
如果作为填缝料使用,则水泥基组合物一般优选的是含有少量的一种纤维素增稠剂。传统的纤维素增稠剂可以用在本发明的填缝料中,例如乙基羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基羟丙基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素等。纤维素增稠剂的量(如果存在)可以是总的组合物组份重量(不包括为而形成预混合复合物而加入的水的量)的大约0.1~2%(重量)。
本发明的填缝料也可以含有一种非均匀试剂如attapulgus粘土。这一组份可提供非均匀性、润滑性和水保持性,这些性质以前可由石棉来提供。已经发现attapulgus粘土可以提供一种具有良好工作性能的填缝料。一般来说该非均匀试剂的用量范围(如果存在)为加水之前的基础组合物重量的大约1~10%(重量)。其他粘土例如海泡石、膨润土和蒙脱土也可以用在填缝料中。
传统的预混合填缝料常常含有云母、滑石或绢云母以提供干燥时的抗裂性。这些组份在本发明的填缝料中可以省去,因为不使用云母或者滑石也具有优良的抗裂性能;但也可以在配方中含有少量的云母或滑石以改善滑度和可工作性。当在本发明的填缝料中使用时云母可以是加水之前的组合物重量的大约2~15%(重量)。
本发明的预混合填缝料的PH值范围优选为7~8。在某些情况下可能需要使用添加物如柠檬酸以降低PH值。PH值调控用添加物的量一般为填缝剂组合物重量的0.1~1%(重量)。
在填缝料中经常使用的其他组份有防腐剂、湿润剂、消泡剂和增塑剂。这些组份(如果存在)也是少量使用,一般的用量范围为加水之前的组合物的大约0.05%(重量)到大约1%(重量)。
如果希望得到一种轻质的预混合填缝料,则该轻质性可以按照USP4,454,267描述的方法通过向配方中加入一种特殊处理的膨胀的珍珠石而获得。该膨胀的珍珠石如果加入到填缝料中则优选的是应具有能通过1000目筛网的粒度,这是本领域所熟知的。在预混合填缝料中,优选的是处理该膨胀的珍珠石使其对水不敏感。有几种方法可使该膨胀珍珠石具有水不敏感性,USP4,525,388中描述了其中一种方法。优选的方法是用一种硅烷或硅烷化合物处理膨胀珍珠石,但其他材料也可用来使其具有水不敏感性。该特殊处理的膨胀珍珠石的商品可从供应商例如Silbrico公司得到。
为了获得所希望的轻质性,处理的膨胀珍珠石的用量应至少为除去水以外的预混合水泥质复合物中的所有组份重量的大约3%。处理的膨胀珍珠石的用量特别优选的是为除去水以外的填缝料中所有组份重量的大约5%到大约10%之间。
本发明的预混合水泥质组合物可以通过一种可起动固化作用的促凝剂的活化而作为一种固化型填缝料。该促凝剂可克服磷酸盐缓凝剂的作用而使半水硫酸钙固化。合适的促凝剂材料是LogK值比钙高的的阳离子的化合物。表1按照由使用二亚乙基三胺五乙酸络合剂测定的LogK值的顺序列出了一系列金属离子。
表1
金属离子 LogK值
三价铁 28.6
汞 26.7
铜 21.03
镍 20.21
钴 19.0
镉 18.93
铅 18.87
锌 18.14
亚铁 16.66
铝 16.0
锰 15.11
钙 10.63
已经发现有若干种材料可以起动已用磷酸盐缓凝剂稳定的预混合水泥质组合物的固化作用。已经发现硫酸锌对于用作本发明的水泥质组合物的促凝剂是一种优越的材料。有些具有高LogK值并被看作促凝剂的材料对凝结混合物的性质有不利影响因而不是优选的。这些不利效果可以是很差的尺寸稳定性、缺少结合性、释放水份和粘度增加。当硫酸铝用于含硫酸钙配方的促凝时会出现这些有害效果因而不是一种优选的促凝剂。含亚铁离子的促凝剂也不可取,因为当使用含有这种离子的填缝料完工的墙壁和天花板将会生锈。为了提供一种促凝剂与预混合水泥质组合物的混合物均匀性的视觉指示剂,将一种颜料与促凝剂组合物结合是合乎需的。一种优选的促凝剂混合物为95%(重量)的硫酸锌和5%(重量)的红氧化铁。
还发现如果不加促凝剂,该预混合水泥质组合物可作为一种干型填缝剂而起作用。另外,本发明的预混合水泥质组合物当与合适的其他组份混合时可以有多种用途,包括但不限于用于修整石膏墙板之间的缝隙的填缝剂、隔火复合物、装饰和浇铸灰泥、模具灰泥、腻子以及基底和修整灰泥(包括饰面修整)。
当用作隔火复合物时,优选的是在组合物中加入一种增强纤维例如纤维素纤维。增强纤维的用量一般为组合物干重量的大约0.01%到大约5%(重量)。
本发明的预混合水泥质组合物可以含有下列组份。
表2
组份 用量(%(重量))
填充剂
半水硫酸钙 20-90
碳酸钙 0-75
粘合剂:(如果希望)
橡胶浆乳液 1-15
非均匀性试剂:(如果希望)
Attapulgus粘土 1-10
增稠剂:(如果希望)
纤维素材料 0.1-2
缓凝剂:
磷酸盐化合物 0.1-10
防腐剂 0.05-1
轻质化组份:(如果希望)
处理过的膨胀珍珠石 3-25水 根据需要
该预混合的水泥质组合物可以通过向含有水、橡胶浆粘合剂和防腐剂的混合器中加入由填充材料、轻质化组份(如果希望)、增稠剂、非均匀性试剂和缓凝添加剂所组成的混合物而制备。该混合物可以掺混至光滑,然后包装在一种塑料容器中。对于一些填缝料特别是那些不含轻质化组份的填缝料,将掺合的混合物在包装之前经受真空处理可能是合乎需要的。一般将足够的水加入到组合物中以得到大约300~600BU的在VC-3型布雷本登粘度计上测得的布雷本登粘度。粘度是在室温下(大约25℃)用250厘米一克扭距头在75~78r.p.m.的主轴速度下测定的。
为了符合35U.S.C.112的要求,下面的操作实例描述了目前本发明人所知的实施本发明的最好方式。在这些操作实例中,用一种32通道记录仪的Molytek数据探测体系测定固化时间。Molytek仪器绘出温度对时间的图。最大温升时的时间被认为是填缝料的Molytek固化时间。收缩性和八分之一英寸裂开试验是按照ASTM C474而进行的。在各操作实例中使用的促凝剂为95%硫酸锌和5%红氧化铁的混合物。由于填缝料领域的技术人员都熟知固化型复合物具有良好的抗裂和抗收缩性,因此固化型复合物没有进行这些试验。
实施例1
用优选的焦磷酸四钠(TS·PP)缓凝剂和优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。该水泥质组份用下列配方制备:
组份 用量 干基
(克) 重量百分数(%)
半水硫酸钙(α) 996.8 66.45
碳酸钙填充剂 225 15
Attapulgus粘白土 75 5
羟丙基甲基纤维素增稠剂 5.25 0.35
(Methocel 250S)
处理过的膨胀珍珠石 105 7(Silbrico 35-34)TSPP缓凝剂 6 0.4
柠檬酸 1.5 0.1
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物粘合剂 150 5.5固体
(55%固含量)(Elvace 40-716)杀真菌剂(Fungitro l158) 1.5 0.1杀菌剂(Nuosept 91) 1.5 0.1水 800
上面列出的干组份加入到一个含有水、橡胶浆粘合剂和防腐剂的混合器中。最后的水量为800立方厘米,得到的混合物的布雷本登粘度为500BU(带轴)。将该混合物混合至平滑然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在室温下进行老化。175天后,该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为未使用促凝剂的干型填缝料进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中没有开裂。在收缩试验中,收缩率为20.3%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在53分钟内固化(Molytek),但该组合物与促凝剂混合过程中有些浓稠。将1.5克促凝剂混合物加入到另一份100克组合物中,在80分钟内固化(Molytek),而且该组合物在与硫酸锌混合过程中保持平滑和奶油状。
实施例2
用六偏硫酸锌作为缓凝剂和用优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备另一种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。除了用6克六偏硫酸锌代替TSPP缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量都与实施例1完全相同。最后水的用量为815立方厘米,得到的组合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为500BU。将该组合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在室温下进行老化。175天后,该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为未使用促凝剂的干型填缝料进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有轻微的细裂缝。在收缩试验中,收缩率为22.3%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在57分钟内固化(Molytek),但该组合物在与促凝剂混合过程中有些浓稠。将1.5克促凝剂混合物加入到另一份100克的组合物中,在92分钟内固化,在混合过程中组合物有些浓稠。
实施例3
用三聚磷酸钠作为缓凝剂和用优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备一种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。除了用6克三聚磷酸钠作为缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量都与实施例1和2相同。所用水的总量为900立方厘米,得到的组合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为325BU。将该组合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在实温下进行老化。175天后,该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为未使用促凝剂的干型填缝料进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有痕量的细裂缝。在收缩试验中,收缩率为24.2%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在64分钟内固化(Molytek),但该组合物在与硫酸锌混合过程中有些浓稠。将1.5克促凝剂混合物加入到另一份100克的组合物中,在113分钟内固化(Molytek),而且该组合物在与硫酸锌混合过程中保持平滑和奶油状。
实施例4
用三聚磷酸钾作为缓凝剂和用优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备一种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。除了用6克三聚磷酸钾作为缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量都与实施例1~3相同。所用水的总量为875立方厘米,得到的组合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为480BU。将该组合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在室温下老化。175天后该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为干型填缝料不使用促凝剂进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有模糊的痕量细裂缝。在收缩试验中,收缩率为23%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在68分钟内固化(Molytek),而且该组合物在与硫酸锌混合过程中保持平滑和奶油状。将1.5克促凝剂加入到另一份100克的组合物中,在93分钟内固化(Molytek),仍然很容易与促凝剂混合物混合。
实施例5
用磷酸二氢铵作为缓凝剂和用优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备一种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。除了用6克磷酸二氢铵作为缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量都与实施例1~4相同。所用水的总量为800立方厘米,得到的组合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为510BU。将该组合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在室温下老化。175天后该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为干型填缝料不使用促凝剂进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有痕量有细裂缝。在收缩试验中收缩率为21.7%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物与其中一份混合,固化时间为34分钟(Molytek),而且在与硫酸锌混合过程中该组合物非常浓稠。将1.5克促凝剂与另外一份100克的组合物混合,在37分钟内固化(Molytek),而且在混合过程中组合物浓而粘稠。
实施例6
制备两种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料,其中一种填缝料中用三钙磷酸盐作为缓凝剂而另一种填缝料中用二钙磷酸盐作为缓凝剂。除了用6克钙磷酸盐作为填缝料中的缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量与实施例1~5相同。所用水的总量为800立方厘米。两种填缝料在室温下老化不到16小时便已固化,没有继续进行试验。
实施例7
用磷酸二氢钾作为缓凝剂和用优选的硫酸锌促凝剂制备一种预混合的固化型轻质化填缝料。除了用6克磷酸二氢钾作为缓凝剂以外,其余各组份和用量都与实施例1~6相同。所同水的总量为800立方厘米,得到的组合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为485BU。将该组合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。
将组合物在室温下老化。175天后该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为干型填缝料不使用促凝剂进行试验。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有痕量到轻微的细裂缝。在收缩试验中,收缩率为20.6%。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料使用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2.5克促凝剂混合物与其中一份混合,在32分钟内固化(Molytek),而且与硫酸锌混合过程中该组合物非常浓稠。将1.5克促凝剂加入到另一份100克的组合物混合,在35分钟内固化,在混合过程中组合物浓而粘稠。
实施例8
用下列配方制备工厂规模试验配方的预混合的轻质化固化型填缝料:
原料 用量(磅)
半水硫酸钙(α) 675
碳酸钙填充剂 150
Attapulgus粘土 50
羟丙基甲基纤维素增稠剂 3.5
处理过的膨胀珍珠石 86
(Silbrico 43-23)
焦磷酸四钠缓凝剂 4
柠檬酸 1
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物粘合剂 100
(55%固含量)
Fungitrol 158 1
Nuosept 91 1
水 617(74加仑)
将原料分别称重并在一个横轴叶片混合器中与水混合直至分散均匀。在该试验中,起始水用量为50加仑,其余的水分阶段加入以调整粘度。将24加仑水加入到起始混合物中以使水的总用量为74加仑。最后混合物的布雷本登(带轴)粘度为260BU。将最后的混合物包装在容器中,室温下贮存12个月以后该组合物没有固化。
在贮存前取100克的最终混合物样品采用不同用量的硫酸锌促凝剂混合物进行固化时间试验。结果如下:
促凝剂用量(g) Malytek固化时间(分钟)
2.5 39
2.0 44
1.5 62
1.0 93
在贮存几天以后,取一部分该组合物进行非促凝填缝料施用性能评价。该混合物一直具有低粘度(260BU)。在用10英寸灰刀施用时,该填缝剂表现出柔软、湿润的辅展性而又没有流动的问题。
实施例9
根据下列配方制备可用于隔火材料的本发明的组合物。
原材料 用量(磅)
半水硫酸钙(α) 675
碳酸钙填充剂 150
Attapulgus粘白土 50
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物粘合剂 100
(55 %固含量)
羟丙基甲基纤维素增稠剂 3.5
柠檬酸 1
处理过的膨胀珍珠石 70(Silbrieo 35-23)纤维质素纤维(Kayocel 6Bk50F) 8焦磷酸四钠缓凝剂 4杀菌剂(Nuosept 91) 1杀真菌剂(Fungitrol 158) 1水 542(65加仑)
将该隔火复合物按照ASTM E814进行火烧试验并通过了该试验。
实施例10
使用下列配方制备本发明的填缝料组合物:
原材料 用量 干基
(克) 重量百分数(%)
半水硫酸钙(β) 987.8 65.85
碳酸钙填充剂 225 15.0
Attapulgus粘土 75 5.0
羟丙基甲基纤维素增稠剂 5.25 0.35
处理过的膨胀珍珠石 105 7.0(Silbrico 35-34)TSPP缓凝剂 15 1.0
柠檬酸 1.5 0.10
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物粘合剂 150 5.50
(55%固含量)杀真菌剂(Fungitrol 158) 1.5 0.10杀菌剂(Nuosept 91) 1.5 0.10
将上列干组份加入到含有水、聚合物粘合剂和两种杀菌剂的混合物中。最后的水量为960立方厘米,所得混合物的布雷本登粘度(带轴)为460。将该混合物混合至平滑,然后包装在一个塑料容器中贮存。4个星期以后该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为干型填缝料不使用促凝剂进行试验。该组合物具有每加仑10.8磅的湿密度。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中,仅有模糊的痕量细裂纹。在收缩试验中收缩率为19.1%。其施用性能有轻微浓稠和痕量的干铺展,但它具有轻的质地和良好的边缘。
将两份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料用粉状硫酸锌促凝剂进行试验。将2克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在37分钟内固化(Molytek),但在混合过程中该组合物有轻微浓稠。将1克促凝混合物加入到另一份100克的组合物中,在83分钟内固化(Molytek),在与硫酸锌混合过程中该组合物保持柔软。
实施例11
采用下列配方制备标准密度的填缝料(非轻质化):
原材料 用量 干基
(克) 重量百分数(%)
半水硫酸钙(α) 1269 63.45
碳酸钙填充剂 300 15.0
云母 200 10.0
Attapulgus粘土 100 5.0
羟丙基甲基纤维素增稠剂 7 0.35
TSPP缓凝剂 8 0.40
柠檬酸 2 0.10
乙烯乙酸乙烯酯聚合物粘合剂 200 5.5
(55%固含量)
杀真菌剂(Fungitrol 158) 2 0.10
杀菌剂(Nuosept 91) 2 0.10
将干组份加入到含有水、聚合物粘合剂和两种杀菌剂的混合物中。最后的水量为900立方厘米,所得混合物的布雷克登粘度(带轴)为530。将该混合物混合至平滑,然后包带在一个塑料容器中贮存。四星期以后该组合物没有固化。
该组合物的一部分作为干型填缝料不使用促凝剂进行试验。该组合物具有每加仑13.2磅的湿密度。在八分之一英寸裂开试验中有中等网状裂缝。在收缩试验中收缩率为25.9%。当将其使用到墙板结合部时具有柔软、湿润、油滑的铺展。
将三份各100克的该组合物作为固化型填缝料用硫酸锌混合物进行试验。将2克促凝剂混合物加入到其中一份中,在67分钟内固化(Molytek),但在混合过程中组合物有轻微浓稠。将1.5促凝剂混合物加入到另一份100克的组合物中,在99分钟内固化(Molytek),在混合过程中组合物保持柔软。将1克促凝剂混合物加入到第三份100克的组合物中,在181分钟内固化(Molytek),在混合过程中该组合物也保持柔软。
Claims (10)
1、一种预混合的水泥质组合物,含有20-99重量%的半水硫酸钙填充剂和水,其特征在于,该组合物含有0.1-1重量%的非钙磷酸盐固化缓凝剂,所述的百分数不计组合物中的水。
2、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的非钙磷酸盐固化缓凝剂选自六偏磷酸锌、三聚磷酸钾、偏磷酸四钠、三聚磷酸钠、磷酸二氢铵和磷酸二氢钾。
3、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有1-15重量%的粘合剂和0.1-2重量%的增稠剂,所述的百分数不计组合物中的水。
4、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有小于等于75重量%的碳酸钙填充剂,所述的百分数不计组合物中的水。
5、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的半水硫酸钙为α晶态形式。
6、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的半水硫酸钙为β晶态形式。
7、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,在该组合物中存在3-10重量%的一种经处理而具有水不敏感性的膨胀的珍珠石,从而形成一种轻质化组合物,所述的百分数不计组合物中的水。
8、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物含有0.01-5重量%的增强纤维,所述的百分数不计组合物中的水。
9、按照权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物结合有促凝剂组分,所述的促凝剂组分含有具有logK值大于钙离子的阳离子的化合物,并且当其与所述的水泥质组合物混合时,使水泥质组合物固化。
10、按照权利要求9的组合物,其特征在于,所述的促凝剂组分基本上由硫酸锌组成。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US24228094A | 1994-05-12 | 1994-05-12 | |
US08/242,280 | 1994-05-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1155878A CN1155878A (zh) | 1997-07-30 |
CN1061637C true CN1061637C (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
Family
ID=22914163
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CN95192993A Expired - Fee Related CN1061637C (zh) | 1994-05-12 | 1995-04-28 | 预混合的固化型填缝料 |
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US (1) | US5746822A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0681998B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4070825B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100382873B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1061637C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE167174T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU692805B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9507713A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2139373C (zh) |
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DK (2) | DK0681998T3 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG20598A (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2120128T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI117285B (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1002190A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL113582A (zh) |
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RO (1) | RO117448B1 (zh) |
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SK (1) | SK280652B6 (zh) |
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- 1995-02-06 DK DK95300731T patent/DK0681998T3/da active
- 1995-02-06 AT AT95300731T patent/ATE167174T1/de active
- 1995-02-06 ES ES95300731T patent/ES2120128T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-06 DE DE69502879T patent/DE69502879T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1995-04-28 CZ CZ19963297A patent/CZ294162B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-28 SK SK1455-96A patent/SK280652B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-28 CN CN95192993A patent/CN1061637C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-28 KR KR1019960706344A patent/KR100382873B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-28 WO PCT/US1995/005689 patent/WO1995031415A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-04-28 PL PL95317209A patent/PL186686B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-02 IL IL11358295A patent/IL113582A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-05 TR TR00541/95A patent/TR28456A/xx unknown
- 1995-05-08 EG EG38595A patent/EG20598A/xx active
- 1995-05-09 DK DK053495A patent/DK53495A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-05-10 ES ES09500898A patent/ES2112159B1/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-05-11 TW TW084104674A patent/TW314504B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 NO NO19951868A patent/NO320770B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1995-05-12 FI FI952338A patent/FI117285B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
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1996
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