CN106048844B - 一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106048844B
CN106048844B CN201610417459.0A CN201610417459A CN106048844B CN 106048844 B CN106048844 B CN 106048844B CN 201610417459 A CN201610417459 A CN 201610417459A CN 106048844 B CN106048844 B CN 106048844B
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parts
speed
fibre
flame
cotton
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邱再明
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QINGDAO DONGFANG SECURITY PROTECTION PRODUCTS FACTORY
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Hefei Zaide Macromolecule Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维10‑20份，棉纤维40‑80份，莫代尔纤维10‑30份，锦纶纤维10‑30份，天竹纤维40‑80份，云母纤维10‑20份，天丝5‑20份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理。本发明提出的一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其不仅能赋予面料阻燃、抗菌功能，而且制备的面料柔软、凉爽、抗起球、透气、吸湿性好，并且该方法流程短、成品率高，耐久性强，因此可用于高档户外休闲服装面料的开发。

Description

一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法。
背景技术
随着消费者对衣着的要求逐渐趋向多样化、多功能化，例如沙滩服、登山服等户外休闲服装面料市场的需求逐渐旺盛，但户外休闲服装面料对产品的阻燃和抗菌等功能性要求较高，常用工艺是对涤纶等化纤长丝面料进行涂层等后整理，制成具有阻燃和抗菌等功能的功能性面料。但上述工艺生产出来的户外休闲面料存在后加工环节多、透气透湿性差、功能持久性差的缺陷。蛭石是一种与蒙脱石相似的类云母矿物，为层状结构的硅酸盐，一般由黑云母经热液蚀变或风化而成。蛭石独特的层状结构，使蛭石层片间有空气间隔层，同时层间还含有结晶水，导热系数低，是良好的阻燃隔热材料。高温下，蛭石的体积能迅速膨胀数倍至数十倍，成为膨胀蛭石，其热隔绝性能也变得更为优良。通过将蛭石均匀分散于熔融的涤纶切片中制备纺丝液，再对纺丝液进行纺丝，制成涤纶长丝，可克服采用涂层等方法带来的透气性能差、功能性不持久等弊端。
而与此同时，利用不同纤维的性能各异，各具优缺点，通过混纺交织复合可以取长补短，大大改善户外休闲面料的性能。由纤维组成的纺织品面料，由于其多孔式物体形状和高分子聚合物的化学结构利于微生物附着，成为微生物生存、繁殖的良好寄生体。寄生体除了对人体的危害之外还会污染纤维，为了消除这些不利影响，现在市场上的抗菌面料一般采用棉纤维、竹炭纤维等材料纺织而成，但是面料的效果不尽如人意，特别在医疗方面，一般的面料抗菌效果不明显，保健效果功能更是微乎其微，完全不能满足人们的需求。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其不仅能赋予面料阻燃、抗菌功能，而且制备的面料柔软、凉爽、抗起球、透气、吸湿性好，并且该方法流程短、成品率高，耐久性强，因此可用于高档户外休闲服装面料的开发。
本发明提出了一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维10-20份，棉纤维40-80份，莫代尔纤维10-30份，锦纶纤维10-30份，天竹纤维40-80份，云母纤维10-20份，天丝5-20份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理。
优选地，所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将4-8wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为400-600目后，与91-95wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至300-350℃熔融，保温30-40min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入0.5-1wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌10-20min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为280-320℃，冷却吹风温度为10-15℃，风速为4-6m/s，牵伸速度为1400-1600m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维。
优选地，所述混纺织造具体包括：将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维混纺成经纱；将棉纤维和天丝混纺成纬纱；接着将经纱、纬纱进行织造。
优选地，所述混纺织造的具体操作包括：先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱；将棉纤维和天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱；再将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；将经过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理的经纱与经过络筒、卷纬工序处理的纬纱在织布机上织造。
优选地，所述先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗砂、细纱工序混纺成经纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002的打手速度700-1000r/min，FA106A的打手速度400-550r/min，FA141A的综合打手速度800-900r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量22-25g/5m，锡林速度330-360r/min，刺辊速度780-840r/min，道夫速度18-21r/min,盖板速度80-90mm/min；三道并条工序中，出条定量16-19g/5m，并合数6-8根，总牵伸倍数7-9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.4-1.6倍，出条速度300-350m/s；粗纱工序中，总牵伸倍数6-9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1-1.3，出条定量4.0-5.0g/10m，捻系数80-90，锭速为500-600r/min，前罗拉速度150-210r/min；细纱工序，总牵伸倍数25-35倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1-1.3倍，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数120-160，锭速为2000-5000r/min，钳口隔距为2.5-3.0mm。
优选地，所述将棉纤维、天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗砂、细纱工序混纺成纬纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002、FA106A的打手速度降到最低档，FA141A的综合打手速度700-800r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量18-23g/5m，锡林速度400-450r/min，刺辊速度800-900r/min，盖板速度200-250r/min；二道并条工序中，出条定量19-22g/5m，并合数5-6根，总牵伸倍数5-10倍，后区牵伸倍数1.2-1.4倍，出条速度350-370m/s；粗纱工序中，后区牵伸倍数1.0-1.2，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数80-100；细纱工序，后区牵伸倍数1.3-1.5倍，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数260-280。
优选地，所述将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；其中，经纱络筒工序中，采用GA104型自动络筒机，络纱速度为500-800r/min，络筒张力4-6cN，卷绕密度0.2-0.5g/cm3；整经工序中，片纱张力均匀，内外层卷绕密度均匀，整经车速550-650m/min，整经张力6-9cN；上浆工序中，浆料配方包括：磷酸酯淀粉70-80％、PVA-1799 10-15％、LMA-98 7-10％、96油剂3-5％，浆槽温度90-95℃，上浆率10-12％，pH7-8.5；纬纱络筒工序中，络筒速度200-400r/min。
优选地，所述抗菌整理液按重量份包括：壳聚糖5-10份、丝素蛋白5-10份、多元羧酸4-8份、次亚磷酸钠1-5份、柠檬酸0.5-3份、甲基丙烯酸丁酯0.5-2份、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠5-8份、羟丙基甲基纤维素5-10份、聚六亚甲基双胍5-10份、有机硅季铵盐5-15份、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵4-10份、N-十二烷基葡糖基月桂酰胺3-8份、水性聚胺酯5-10份。
优选地，所述经过抗菌整理液处理的具体操作包括：取壳聚糖、丝素蛋白、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠和羟丙基甲基纤维素加入到水中，搅拌均匀，得到初次整理液，将混纺面料置于初次整理液中，按浴比1:20-30，于40-50℃下保温震荡18-22min，浸轧，30-50℃下烘干，得到预整理面料；取聚六亚甲基双胍、有机硅季铵盐、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、N-十二烷基葡糖基月桂酰胺和水性聚胺酯，加入到水中，搅拌均匀，得到二次整理液，将预整理面料置于二次整理液中，按浴比1:35-40，于42-46℃下保温震荡18-22min，浸轧，30-50℃烘干，用去离子水清洗，自然干燥，60-80℃下烘焙0.3-1min。
本发明中，在所述阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法中，首先通过将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、棉纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维、云母纤维等进行交织，其中蛭石改性涤纶纤维通过将具有优异阻燃隔热等功能的蛭石与涤纶色母粒共混熔融纺丝，制备出的蛭石改性涤纶纤维，使得所述纤维具有阻燃性能的同时，且不影响纤维的纺丝功能；通过蛭石改性涤纶纤维与吸湿透气的天竹纤维以及高热传导率的云母纤维等进行混纺，从而充分发挥各种纤维的优点，使面料具有超强阻燃性，并且凉爽、抗起球、透气、吸湿性好，质地柔软且又耐磨。其次，本发明在对各种纤维进行混纺时，为提高可纺性和混和均匀性，根据蛭石改性涤纶纤维、棉纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维、云母纤维的特点，探索出一套完整的纺纱和浆纱织造工艺参数，有效地提高了棉网质量、熟条质量，解决了毛羽贴伏差等问题，提高了成纱质量及布机效率。最后，为了提高所述面料的抗菌性能，将面料经过抗菌整理液处理，通过在所述抗菌整理液中加入壳聚糖、卤胺类化合物，其具有很好的抗菌性能、无毒性和生物相容性以及生物降解性能，与蛭石改性涤纶纤维等混纺而成的面料具有很好相容性；此外所述抗菌整理液中还加入多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸等物质，其与面料以及壳聚糖等反应，从而将壳聚糖精锚结合在面料上，壳聚糖在发挥抗菌性能的同时增加有机硅季铵盐等于面料的结合程度，由此提高面料抗菌性能的同时，还具有很强的耐水洗牢固性。
本发明中，所述阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其不仅能赋予面料阻燃、抗菌功能，并且该方法流程短、成品率高，耐久性强。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例中，一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维10份，棉纤维80份，莫代尔纤维10份，锦纶纤维30份，天竹纤维40份，云母纤维20份，天丝5份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理；
所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将4wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为600目后，与95wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至350℃熔融，保温30min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入1wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌10min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为320℃，冷却吹风温度为10℃，风速为6m/s，牵伸速度为1400m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维。
实施例2
本实施例中，一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维20份，棉纤维40份，莫代尔纤维30份，锦纶纤维10份，天竹纤维80份，云母纤维10份，天丝20份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理；
所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将8wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为400目后，与91wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至300℃熔融，保温40min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入1wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌20min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为280℃，冷却吹风温度为15℃，风速为4m/s，牵伸速度为1600m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维；
所述混纺织造具体包括：先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002的打手速度700r/min，FA106A的打手速度550r/min，FA141A的综合打手速度800r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量25g/5m，锡林速度330r/min，刺辊速度840r/min，道夫速度18r/min,盖板速度90mm/min；三道并条工序中，出条定量16g/5m，并合数8根，总牵伸倍数7倍，后区牵伸倍数1.6倍，出条速度300m/s；粗纱工序中，总牵伸倍数9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1，出条定量5.0g/10m，捻系数80，锭速为600r/min，前罗拉速度150r/min；细纱工序，总牵伸倍数35倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1倍，出条定量3.6g/10m，捻系数120，锭速为5000r/min，钳口隔距为2.5mm；再将棉纤维和天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002、FA106A的打手速度降到最低档，FA141A的综合打手速度800r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量18g/5m，锡林速度450r/min，刺辊速度800r/min，盖板速度250r/min；二道并条工序中，出条定量19g/5m，并合数6根，总牵伸倍数5倍，后区牵伸倍数1.4倍，出条速度350m/s；粗纱工序中，后区牵伸倍数1.2，出条定量3.0g/10m，捻系数100；细纱工序，后区牵伸倍数1.3倍，出条定量3.6g/10m，捻系数260；再将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，其中经纱络筒工序中，采用GA104型自动络筒机，络纱速度为800r/min，络筒张力4cN，卷绕密度0.5g/cm3；整经工序中，片纱张力均匀，内外层卷绕密度均匀，整经车速550m/min，整经张力9cN；上浆工序中，浆料配方包括：磷酸酯淀粉70％、PVA-1799 15％、LMA-98 10％、96油剂5％，浆槽温度90℃，上浆率12％，pH 7-8.5；纬纱络筒工序中，络筒速度200r/min；接着将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；最后将经过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理的经纱与经过络筒、卷纬工序处理的纬纱在织布机上织造。
实施例3
本实施例中，一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维15份，棉纤维60份，莫代尔纤维20份，锦纶纤维20份，天竹纤维60份，云母纤维15份，天丝12份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理；
所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将6wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为500目后，与93wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至320℃熔融，保温35min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入0.7wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌15min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为300℃，冷却吹风温度为12℃，风速为5m/s，牵伸速度为1500m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维；
所述混纺织造具体包括：先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002的打手速度1000r/min，FA106A的打手速度400r/min，FA141A的综合打手速度900r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量22g/5m，锡林速度360r/min，刺辊速度780r/min，道夫速度21r/min,盖板速度80mm/min；三道并条工序中，出条定量19g/5m，并合数6根，总牵伸倍数9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.4倍，出条速度350m/s；粗纱工序中，总牵伸倍数6倍，后区牵伸倍数1.3，出条定量4.0g/10m，捻系数90，锭速为500r/min，前罗拉速度210r/min；细纱工序，总牵伸倍数25倍，后区牵伸倍数1.3倍，出条定量3.0g/10m，捻系数160，锭速为2000r/min，钳口隔距为3.0mm；再将棉纤维和天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002、FA106A的打手速度降到最低档，FA141A的综合打手速度700r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量23g/5m，锡林速度400r/min，刺辊速度900r/min，盖板速度200r/min；二道并条工序中，出条定量22g/5m，并合数5根，总牵伸倍数10倍，后区牵伸倍数1.2倍，出条速度370m/s；粗纱工序中，后区牵伸倍数1.0，出条定量3.6g/10m，捻系数80；细纱工序，后区牵伸倍数1.5倍，出条定量3.0g/10m，捻系数280；再将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，其中经纱络筒工序中，采用GA104型自动络筒机，络纱速度为500r/min，络筒张力6cN，卷绕密度0.2g/cm3；整经工序中，片纱张力均匀，内外层卷绕密度均匀，整经车速650m/min，整经张力6cN；上浆工序中，浆料配方包括：磷酸酯淀粉80％、PVA-1799 10％、LMA-98 7％、96油剂3％，浆槽温度95℃，上浆率10％，pH 7-8.5；纬纱络筒工序中，络筒速度400r/min；接着将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；最后将经过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理的经纱与经过络筒、卷纬工序处理的纬纱在织布机上织造。
实施例4
本实施例中，一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维16份，棉纤维65份，莫代尔纤维25份，锦纶纤维15份，天竹纤维55份，云母纤维15份，天丝15份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理；
所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将7wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为500目后，与92wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至330℃熔融，保温36min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入0.8wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌12min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为290℃，冷却吹风温度为13℃，风速为5m/s，牵伸速度为1550m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维；
所述混纺织造具体包括：先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002的打手速度800r/min，FA106A的打手速度500r/min，FA141A的综合打手速度850r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量24g/5m，锡林速度340r/min，刺辊速度810r/min，道夫速度19r/min,盖板速度85mm/min；三道并条工序中，出条定量17g/5m，并合数7根，总牵伸倍数8倍，后区牵伸倍数1.5倍，出条速度330m/s；粗纱工序中，总牵伸倍数8倍，后区牵伸倍数1.2，出条定量4.5g/10m，捻系数85，锭速为550r/min，前罗拉速度180r/min；细纱工序，总牵伸倍数30倍，后区牵伸倍数1.2倍，出条定量3.3g/10m，捻系数140，锭速为3000r/min，钳口隔距为2.8mm；再将棉纤维和天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002、FA106A的打手速度降到最低档，FA141A的综合打手速度750r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量20g/5m，锡林速度430r/min，刺辊速度850r/min，盖板速度230r/min；二道并条工序中，出条定量20g/5m，并合数6根，总牵伸倍数8倍，后区牵伸倍数1.3倍，出条速度360m/s；粗纱工序中，后区牵伸倍数1.1，出条定量3.3g/10m，捻系数90；细纱工序，后区牵伸倍数1.4倍，出条定量3.3g/10m，捻系数270；再将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，其中经纱络筒工序中，采用GA104型自动络筒机，络纱速度为700r/min，络筒张力5cN，卷绕密度0.4g/cm3；整经工序中，片纱张力均匀，内外层卷绕密度均匀，整经车速600m/min，整经张力7cN；上浆工序中，浆料配方包括：磷酸酯淀粉75％、PVA-1799 13％、LMA-98 8％、96油剂4％，浆槽温度93℃，上浆率11％，pH 7-8.5；纬纱络筒工序中，络筒速度300r/min；接着将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；最后将经过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理的经纱与经过络筒、卷纬工序处理的纬纱在织布机上织造。
1、抗菌性测试：参照AATCC100,测试大肠杆菌(ATCC NO.8099)的试验菌减少百分率，金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC NO.6538)的试验菌减少百分率，白色念珠菌(ATCC NO.10231)的试验菌减少百分率。
2、阻燃性测试：采用垂直燃烧实验进行测试，测试续燃时间.s，阴燃时间.s，熔融、滴落情况。
上述实施例1-4得到的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的性能测试结果如下表所示：
本发明中，在所述阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法中，首先通过将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、棉纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维、云母纤维等进行交织，其中蛭石改性涤纶纤维通过将具有优异阻燃隔热等功能的蛭石与涤纶色母粒共混熔融纺丝，制备出的蛭石改性涤纶纤维，使得所述纤维具有阻燃性能的同时，且不影响纤维的纺丝功能；通过蛭石改性涤纶纤维与吸湿透气的天竹纤维以及高热传导率的云母纤维等进行混纺，从而充分发挥各种纤维的优点，使面料具有超强阻燃性，并且凉爽、抗起球、透气、吸湿性好，质地柔软且又耐磨。其次，本发明在对各种纤维进行混纺时，为提高可纺性和混和均匀性，根据蛭石改性涤纶纤维、棉纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维、云母纤维的特点，探索出一套完整的纺纱和浆纱织造工艺参数，有效地提高了棉网质量、熟条质量，解决了毛羽贴伏差等问题，提高了成纱质量及布机效率。最后，为了提高所述面料的抗菌性能，将面料经过抗菌整理液处理，通过在所述抗菌整理液中加入壳聚糖、卤胺类化合物，其具有很好的抗菌性能、无毒性和生物相容性以及生物降解性能，与蛭石改性涤纶纤维等混纺而成的面料具有很好相容性；此外所述抗菌整理液中还加入多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸等物质，其与面料以及壳聚糖等反应，从而将壳聚糖精锚结合在面料上，壳聚糖在发挥抗菌性能的同时增加有机硅季铵盐等于面料的结合程度，由此提高面料抗菌性能的同时，还具有很强的耐水洗牢固性。
本发明中，所述阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其不仅能赋予面料阻燃、抗菌功能，并且该方法流程短、成品率高，耐久性强。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括：先将下列重量份数的原料混纺织造：蛭石改性涤纶纤维10-20份，棉纤维40-80份，莫代尔纤维10-30份，锦纶纤维10-30份，天竹纤维40-80份，云母纤维10-20份，天丝5-20份；然后经过抗菌整理液处理；
所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维的制备工艺包括：将4-8wt％的蛭石研磨至粒径为400-600目后，与91-95wt％涤纶母粒混合均匀，加热至300-350℃熔融，保温30-40min，得到熔融纺丝液；向所述熔融纺丝液中加入0.5-1wt％的聚丙烯酸钠，搅拌10-20min，得到含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液；将含有纳米级蛭石的熔融纺丝液在熔融纺丝机中制成长丝，纺丝温度为280-320℃，冷却吹风温度为10-15℃，风速为4-6m/s，牵伸速度为1400-1600m/min，将制成的长丝切短，即得到所述蛭石改性涤纶纤维；
所述抗菌整理液按重量份包括：壳聚糖5-10份、丝素蛋白5-10份、多元羧酸4-8份、次亚磷酸钠1-5份、柠檬酸0.5-3份、甲基丙烯酸丁酯0.5-2份、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠5-8份、羟丙基甲基纤维素5-10份、聚六亚甲基双胍5-10份、有机硅季铵盐5-15份、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵4-10份、N-十二烷基葡糖基月桂酰胺3-8份、水性聚氨 酯5-10份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混纺织造具体包括：将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维混纺成经纱；将棉纤维和天丝混纺成纬纱；接着将经纱、纬纱进行织造。
3.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述混纺织造的具体操作包括：先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱；将棉纤维和天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱；再将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；将经过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理的经纱与经过络筒、卷纬工序处理的纬纱在织布机上织造。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述先将蛭石改性涤纶纤维、莫代尔纤维、锦纶纤维、天竹纤维和云母纤维通过清花、梳棉、三道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成经纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002的打手速度700-1000r/min，FA106A的打手速度400-550r/min，FA141A的综合打手速度800-900r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量22-25g/5m，锡林速度330-360r/min，刺辊速度780-840r/min，道夫速度18-21r/min,盖板速度80-90mm/min；三道并条工序中，出条定量16-19g/5m，并合数6-8根，总牵伸倍数7-9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.4-1.6倍，出条速度300-350m/s；粗纱工序中，总牵伸倍数6-9倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1-1.3，出条定量4.0-5.0g/10m，捻系数80-90，锭速为500-600r/min，前罗拉速度150-210r/min；细纱工序，总牵伸倍数25-35倍，后区牵伸倍数1.1-1.3倍，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数120-160，锭速为2000-5000r/min，钳口隔距为2.5-3.0mm。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，将棉纤维、天丝通过清花、梳棉、二道并条、粗纱、细纱工序混纺成纬纱，其中清花工序中，采用FA002型抓棉机，FA106A型豪猪开棉机，FA141A型成卷机，FA002、FA106A的打手速度降到最低档，FA141A的综合打手速度700-800r/min；梳棉工序中，生条定量18-23g/5m，锡林速度400-450r/min，刺辊速度800-900r/min，盖板速度200-250r/min；二道并条工序中，出条定量19-22g/5m，并合数5-6根，总牵伸倍数5-10倍，后区牵伸倍数1.2-1.4倍，出条速度350-370m/s；粗纱工序中，后区牵伸倍数1.0-1.2，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数80-100；细纱工序，后区牵伸倍数1.3-1.5倍，出条定量3.0-3.6g/10m，捻系数260-280。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述将经纱通过络筒、整经、上浆、穿筘工序处理，将纬纱通过络筒、卷纬工序处理；其中，经纱络筒工序中，采用GA104型自动络筒机，络纱速度为500-800r/min，络筒张力4-6cN，卷绕密度0.2-0.5g/cm3；整经工序中，片纱张力均匀，内外层卷绕密度均匀，整经车速550-650m/min，整经张力6-9cN；上浆工序中，浆料配方包括：磷酸酯淀粉70-80％、PVA-1799 10-15％、LMA-987-10％、96油剂3-5％，浆槽温度90-95℃，上浆率10-12％，pH 7-8.5；纬纱络筒工序中，络筒速度200-400r/min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃抗菌混纺面料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述经过抗菌整理液处理的具体操作包括：取壳聚糖、丝素蛋白、多元羧酸、次亚磷酸钠、柠檬酸、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠和羟丙基甲基纤维素加入到水中，搅拌均匀，得到初次整理液，将混纺面料置于初次整理液中，按浴比1:20-30，于40-50℃下保温震荡18-22min，浸轧，30-50℃下烘干，得到预整理面料；取聚六亚甲基双胍、有机硅季铵盐、十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、N-十二烷基葡糖基月桂酰胺和水性聚氨 酯，加入到水中，搅拌均匀，得到二次整理液，将预整理面料置于二次整理液中，按浴比1:35-40，于42-46℃下保温震荡18-22min，浸轧，30-50℃烘干，用去离子水清洗，自然干燥，60-80℃下烘焙0.3-1min。
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