CN105908946A - 共挤复合石塑pvc地板 - Google Patents

共挤复合石塑pvc地板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105908946A
CN105908946A CN201610381136.0A CN201610381136A CN105908946A CN 105908946 A CN105908946 A CN 105908946A CN 201610381136 A CN201610381136 A CN 201610381136A CN 105908946 A CN105908946 A CN 105908946A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pvc
stone
layer
floor
coextru
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Granted
Application number
CN201610381136.0A
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English (en)
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CN105908946B (zh
Inventor
李远扬
梁炳康
周强
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Huizhou Weikang New Building Materials Co Ltd
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Huizhou Weikang New Building Materials Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E04F15/107—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials composed of several layers, e.g. sandwich panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/002—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with surface shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0021—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with joining, lining or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Molding Of Porous Articles (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种石塑PVC地板。一种共挤复合石塑PVC地板，由上到下依次为耐磨层、印刷层、石塑PVC共挤层，所述印刷层热压于石塑PVC共挤层上，耐磨层热压于印刷层上。其中石塑PVC共挤层可以是由石塑层和PVC发泡吸音层双层共挤形成，也可以是由PVC底料层、石塑微发泡层、第二PVC发泡吸音层三层共挤而成。本发明采用共挤技术生产石塑PVC共挤层，再采用热压技术贴合印刷层和耐磨层，形成共挤复合石塑PVC地板，整个生产过程不需要使用胶水，极大的降低了生产成本，减少了对工人身体健康的危害，极大的减少了产品在使用过程中VOC的释放，同时具有更好的静音效果。

Description

共挤复合石塑PVC地板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种石塑PVC地板。
背景技术
传统的PVC复合地板，层与层之间的贴合是使用胶水来实现，生产工艺复杂，生产过程中需要消耗大量的胶水，不但生产成本，且胶水会散发出有毒有害物质，危害工作人员身体健康，同时传统的PVC复合地板的静音效果较差。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种不需要胶水贴合，通过共挤技术生产的共挤复合石塑PVC地板。另外，本发明还提供了该共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种共挤复合石塑PVC地板，由上到下依次为耐磨层、印刷层、石塑PVC共挤层，所述印刷层热压于石塑PVC共挤层上，耐磨层热压于印刷层上。
作为实现石塑PVC共挤层的一种实施方案，所述石塑PVC共挤层由上至下由石塑层和PVC发泡吸音层双层共挤而成，形成一种双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板。
作为上述石塑层的一种实施方案，所述石塑层为非发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 40-50份，石粉80-150份，助剂4-25份。非发泡材质其硬度大，抗凹陷性能更强。
优选的，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0-1份，PE蜡 0-1份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份。
作为上述石塑层的另一种实施方案，所述石塑层为微发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉 100-150份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂3.2-27份。微发泡材质可大量节约成本。
优选的，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0.1-2份，PE蜡0.1-2份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份、氯化聚氯乙烯1-10份。
优选的，所述PVC发泡吸音层包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉 0-20份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂42.1-115份。
进一步优选的，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，PE蜡0.1-2份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份，塑化剂40-100份。
作为实现石塑PVC共挤层的另一种实施方案，所述石塑PVC共挤层由上至下由PVC底料层、石塑微发泡层、第二PVC发泡吸音层三层共挤而成，形成一种三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板。
优选的，所述PVC底料层含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉500-600份，钙锌稳定剂1-2份，塑化剂30-40份，PE蜡0-1份。
优选的，所述石塑微发泡层含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉 100-150份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂3.2-27份。
优选的，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0.1-2份，PE蜡0.1-2份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份、氯化聚氯乙烯1-10份。
优选的，所述第二PVC发泡吸音层包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉 0-20份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂42.1-115份。
优选的，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，PE蜡0.1-2份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份，塑化剂40-100份。
上述双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，按步骤为：
S1、将石塑层的原料和发泡吸音层的原料分别投入1号搅拌机和2号搅拌机内；
S2、石塑层的原料和吸音层的原料分别1号搅拌机和2号搅拌机进入1号挤出线和2号挤出线，2号挤出线的原料经过模具分配器与1号挤出线在模头处汇合，再经过模头共挤出；
S3、将S2所得半成品在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊贴合印刷层；
S4、将S3所得半成品在高温条件下用2号覆膜辊贴合耐磨层；
S5、将S4所得半成品依次经过贴合辊、压纹辊、加热辊在地板表面形成压纹；
S6、将S5所得半成品经过牵引辊，自然冷却，裁切机裁切成对应尺寸。
优选的：1号挤出机的挤出线和2号挤出机的挤出线的夹角为45度到90度，且在90度时挤出效果最佳，在45度时设备占用场地最少。如夹角小于45度，则压力不够，不易挤出。
上述三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，按步骤为：
S1、将石塑微发泡层、第二PVC发泡吸音层、PVC底料层的原料分别投入1号搅拌机、2号搅拌机、3号搅拌机内；
S2、石塑微发泡层物料进入1号挤出线；
S3、第二PVC发泡吸音层物料进入2号挤出线；
S4、PVC底料层物料进入3号挤出线；
S5、第二PVC发泡吸音层经过2号挤出线后进入1号模具分配器；
S6、PVC底料层经过3号挤出线后进入2号模具分配器；
S7、S2与S5、S6工序的物料共同进入模头三层共挤出；
S8、S7所得半成品在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊贴合印刷层；
S9、S8所得半成品在高温条件下用2号覆膜辊贴合耐磨层；
S10、S9所得半成品依次经过贴合辊、压纹辊、加热辊在地板表面形成压纹；
S11、S10所得半成品经过牵引辊，自然冷却，裁切机裁切成对应尺寸。
优选的：1号挤出机的挤出线和3号挤出机的挤出线的夹角呈90度；1号挤出机的挤出线和2号挤出机的挤出线的夹角呈90度，此时挤出效果最佳。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
本发明采用共挤技术生产石塑PVC共挤层，再采用热压技术贴合印刷层和耐磨层，形成共挤复合石塑PVC地板，整个生产过程不需要使用胶水，极大的降低了生产成本，减少了对工人身体健康的危害，大大减少了铺装后VOC的释放，同时具有更好的吸音效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1和2双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的截面示意图。
图2为本发明实施例1和2双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的生产设备示意图。
图3为本发明实施例3三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的截面示意图。
图4为本发明实施例3三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的生产设备示意图。
图5为本发明实施例3三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板的生产设备局部俯视图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
如图1和图2所示，一种双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板，由上到下依次为耐磨层1、印刷层2、石塑层3和PVC发泡吸音层4，其中石塑层3和PVC发泡吸音层4共挤形成石塑PVC共挤层，上述印刷层2热压于石塑层3上，耐磨层1热压于印刷层2上。
其中，石塑层3为非发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 45份，石粉（轻钙或重钙或复合钙）120份，钙锌稳定剂5份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯（G60）1份，PE蜡1份，氯化聚乙烯（CPE）5份，ACR抗冲改性剂3份。
所述PVC发泡吸音层4包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉10份，发泡剂0.8份（其中偶氮发泡剂0.4份，碳酸氢钠发泡剂0.4份），发泡调节剂8份，钙锌稳定剂5份，PE蜡1份，ACR抗冲改性剂3份，塑化剂（DOTP）60份。
具体制备方法如下：
S1、将石塑层3原料和PVC发泡吸音层4的原料按照配方量分别投入1号搅拌机8和2号搅拌机10。
S2、石塑层3的原料和PVC发泡吸音层4的原料分别从1号搅拌机和2号搅拌机进入1号挤出线9和2号挤出线11，2号挤出线11经过模具分配器12后同1号挤出线9在模头13内汇合，再经过模头13共挤出形成石塑PVC共挤层；
S3、将S2所得的石塑PVC共挤层在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊14贴合印刷层2。
S4、将S3所得的半成品在高温条件下用2号覆膜辊15贴合耐磨层1。
S5、将S4所得的半成品依次通过贴合辊16、压纹辊17、加热辊18在半成品表面形成压纹。
S6、将S5所得的半成品经过牵引辊19，经过自然冷却后，通过裁切机20裁切成对应尺寸，得到成品。
其中，1号挤出线9和2号挤出线11的夹角为90度，在此角度下的共挤效果最好。
本实施例的双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板抗压强度高，密度大，稳定性好，底部有PVC发泡吸音层，有很好的吸音效果。
实施例2：
本实施例各层结构和实施例1相同。其中的石塑层3为微发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉 130份（轻钙或重钙或复合钙），发泡剂0.8份（其中偶氮发泡剂0.4份，碳酸氢钠发泡剂0.4份），发泡调节剂8份，钙锌稳定剂6份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯1份，PE蜡 1份，氯化聚乙烯6份，ACR抗冲改性剂3份、氯化聚氯乙烯6份。
其余原材料配方以及制备方法与步骤均与实施例1相同，在此不再做详细说明。
本实施例的双层共挤复合石塑PVC地板，生产成本低，稳定性好，抗凹陷性能好，底部有PVC发泡吸音层，有很好的吸音效果。
实施例3：
如图3、图4和图5所示，一种三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板，由上到下依次为耐磨层1、印刷层2、PVC底料层5、石塑微发泡层6和第二PVC发泡吸音层7，其中PVC底料层5、石塑微发泡层6和第二PVC发泡吸音层7共挤形成石塑PVC共挤层，所述印刷层热压于石塑PVC共挤层上，耐磨层热压于印刷层上。
所述PVC底料层5含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉550份，钙锌稳定剂1.5份，塑化剂35份，PE蜡1份。
所述石塑微发泡层6含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉（轻钙/重钙/复合钙） 130份，发泡剂0.8份（其中偶氮发泡剂0.4份，碳酸氢钠发泡剂0.4份），发泡调节剂8份，钙锌稳定剂5份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯（G60）1份，PE蜡1份，氯化聚乙烯（CPE ）6份，ACR抗冲改性剂3份、氯化聚氯乙烯（CPVC）6份。
所述第二PVC发泡吸音层7包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉 10份，发泡剂0.8份，发泡调节剂8份，钙锌稳定剂5份，PE蜡1份，ACR抗冲改性剂3份，塑化剂（DOTP）80份。
具体制备方法如下：
S1、将石塑微发泡层6、第二PVC发泡吸音层7、PVC底料层5的原料按配方量分别投入1号搅拌机8、2号搅拌机10、3号搅拌机内21；在各自的搅拌机内混合均匀之后，又分别进入对应的1号挤出线9、2号挤出线11、3号挤出线22；
S2、第二PVC发泡吸音层7的原料经过2号挤出线11进入1号模具分配器23，PVC底料层5的原料经过3号挤出线22进入2号模具分配器24，3条挤出线的原料共同进入模头13共挤出，形成三层共挤PVC石塑层。
S3、S2所得的三层共挤PVC石塑层在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊14贴合印刷层2。
S4、S3所得半成品在高温条件下用2号覆膜辊贴合耐磨层1；
S5、S4所得半成品依次经过贴合辊16、压纹辊17、加热辊18在地板表面形成压纹；
S6、S5所得半成品通过牵引辊19，经过自然冷却后，裁切机20将其裁切成对应尺寸，得到成品。
其中，1号挤出线9和3号挤出线22的夹角呈90度；1号挤出线和2号挤出线的夹角呈90度，在此角度下的共挤效果最好。
本实施例的三层共挤复合石塑PVC地板，在共挤层中增加一层PVC底料层5，极大的提高了地板的抗压强度、稳定性和耐久性，PVC底料层5和石塑微发泡层6的组合使用，降低了生产成本，同时具有很好的吸音效果。
以上为本发明的几种优选的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些显而易见的替换形式均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (18)

1.一种共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于：由上到下依次为耐磨层（1）、印刷层（2）、石塑PVC共挤层，所述印刷层热压于石塑PVC共挤层上，耐磨层热压于印刷层上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于：所述石塑PVC共挤层由上至下由石塑层（3）和PVC发泡吸音层（4）双层共挤而成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述石塑层（3）为非发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 40-50份，石粉80-150份，助剂4-25份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0-1份，PE蜡 0-1份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份。
5.根据权利要求2所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述石塑层（3）为微发泡材质，包括如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉 100-150份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂3.2-27份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0.1-2份，PE蜡 0.1-2份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份、氯化聚氯乙烯1-10份。
7.根据权利要求2所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述PVC发泡吸音层（4）包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉 0-20份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂42.1-115份。
8.根据权利要求7所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，PE蜡0.1-2份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份，塑化剂40-100份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于：所述石塑PVC共挤层由上至下由PVC底料层（5）、石塑微发泡层（6）、第二PVC发泡吸音层（7）三层共挤而成。
10.根据权利要求9所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述PVC底料层（5）含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉500-600份，钙锌稳定剂1-2份，塑化剂30-40份，PE蜡0-1份。
11.根据权利要求9所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述石塑微发泡层（6）含有如下重量份数的组分：PVC 75份，石粉 100-150份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂3.2-27份。
12.根据权利要求11所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，聚乙二醇二硬脂酸酯0.1-2份，PE蜡0.1-2份，氯化聚乙烯2-10份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份、氯化聚氯乙烯1-10份。
13.根据权利要求9所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述第二PVC发泡吸音层（7）包含如下重量份数的组分：PVC100份，石粉 0-20份，发泡剂0.4-1份，发泡调节剂5-10份，助剂42.1-115份。
14.根据权利要求13所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板，其特征在于，所述助剂包括钙锌稳定剂1-8份，PE蜡0.1-2份，ACR抗冲改性剂1-5份，塑化剂40-100份。
15.一种权利要求2所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，其特征在于按步骤为：
S1、将石塑层的原料和发泡吸音层的原料分别投入1号搅拌机和2号搅拌机内；
S2、石塑层的原料和吸音层的原料分别从1号搅拌机和2号搅拌机进入1号挤出线和2号挤出线，吸音层经过2号挤出线进入模具分配器内，1号挤出线的物料同2号挤出线经过模具分配器的物料共同进入模头进行共挤，形成共挤层半成品；
S3、将S2所得半成品在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊贴合印刷层；
S4、将S3所得半成品在高温条件下用2号覆膜辊贴合耐磨层；
S5、将S4所得半成品依次经过贴合辊、压纹辊、加热辊在地板表面形成压纹；
S6、将S5所得半成品经过牵引辊，自然冷却，裁切机裁切成对应尺寸。
16.根据权利要求15所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，其特征在于：1号挤出机的挤出线和2号挤出机的挤出线的夹角为45度到90度。
17.一种权利要求9所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，其特征在于，按步骤为：
S1、将石塑微发泡层（6）、第二PVC发泡吸音层（7）、PVC底料层（5）的原料分别投入1号搅拌机、2号搅拌机、3号搅拌机内；
S2、石塑微发泡层（6）物料进入1号挤出线；
S3、第二PVC发泡吸音层（7）进入2号挤出线；
S4、PVC底料层（5）进入3号挤出线；
S5、第二PVC发泡吸音层（7）经过2号挤出线后进入1号模具分配器；
S6、PVC底料层（5）经过3号挤出线后进入2号模具分配器；
S7、S2与S5、S6工序的物料共同进入模头三层共挤出；
S8、S7所得半成品在高温条件下用1号覆膜辊贴合印刷层；
S9、S8所得半成品在高温调节下用2号覆膜辊贴合耐磨层；
S10、S9所得半成品依次经过贴合辊、压纹辊、加热辊在地板表面形成压纹；
S11、S10所得半成品经过牵引辊，自然冷却，裁切机裁切成对应尺寸。
18.根据权利要求17所述的共挤复合石塑PVC地板的制备方法，其特征在于：1号挤出机的挤出线和3号挤出机的挤出线的夹角呈90度；1号挤出机的挤出线和2号挤出机的挤出线的夹角呈90度。
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