CN106626649A - 一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN106626649A
CN106626649A CN201611049745.2A CN201611049745A CN106626649A CN 106626649 A CN106626649 A CN 106626649A CN 201611049745 A CN201611049745 A CN 201611049745A CN 106626649 A CN106626649 A CN 106626649A
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layer
pvc flooring
surface layer
fluorine
polyvinyl chloride
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徐诚
蒋晓璐
徐洪
颜华红
吴海忠
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ZHEJIANG GREEN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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ZHEJIANG GREEN NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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Priority to US15/706,671 priority patent/US10662345B2/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括聚氯乙烯地板层和防污面层，防污面层由外保护层、功能层和粘结层共挤而成，外保护层为含氟高聚物，功能层为含氟高聚物、热熔胶和功能性助剂混合而成，粘结层为含氟高聚物和热熔胶混合而成；防污面层通过粘结层与聚氯乙烯地板层热熔粘合相连；制备工艺为：外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。本发明的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板具有绿色环保、高耐磨、防水防潮抗菌、防污不易留痕的优点。

Description

一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯地板是当今世界上非常流行的一种新型轻体地面装饰材料，也称为“轻体地材”。是一种在欧美及亚洲的日韩广受欢迎的产品，风靡国外，从80年代初开始进入中国市场，至今在国内的大中城市已经得到普遍的认可，使用非常广泛，比如家庭、医院、学校、办公楼、工厂、公共场所、超市、商业、体育场馆等各种场所。但现有聚氯乙烯地板有机挥发气体较多、保养不方便、不耐碘酒等化学试剂易沾污留痕等缺陷，限制了聚氯乙烯地板的应用范围。
发明内容
为了解决以上技术问题，本发明提供一种耐磨、防污不易留痕的具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺。
本发明的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括厚度比为40:1的聚氯乙烯地板层和防污面层，所述防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的外保护层、功能层和粘结层共挤而成，所述外保护层为含氟高聚物，所述功能层为含氟高聚物、热熔胶和功能性助剂以20～100:0～60:0.5～20的比例混合而成，所述粘结层为含氟高聚物和热熔胶以0～40:60～100的比例混合而成；所述防污面层通过粘结层的一侧与所述聚氯乙烯地板层热熔粘合相连。
进一步的，所述含氟高聚物为聚氟化乙烯丙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-全氟丙基乙烯基醚、聚偏氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-全氟甲基乙烯基醚、聚乙烯氯三氟乙烯、聚氯三氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-偏二氟乙烯中的一种或几种的共混物。
进一步的，所述功能性助剂包括紫外吸收剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂、耐寒剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂或抗静电剂中的一种或几种。
进一步的，所述热熔胶包括改性聚丙烯酸类树脂、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂或聚酰胺类热熔胶中的一种或几种。
进一步的，所述聚氯乙烯地板层包括复合密实型聚氯乙烯地板、复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板或同质透心聚氯乙烯地板中的一种。
一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
进一步的，所述三层共挤成膜包括三层共挤吹塑成膜、三层共挤拉伸成膜或三层共挤流延成膜中的一种。
本申请中外保护层使用的含氟高聚物分子链间排列紧密，又有较强的氢键，故具有良好的耐化学腐蚀性、耐高温性、耐氧化性、耐候性、耐射线辐射性能外，还具有压电性、介电性、热电性等特殊性能，用于本申请中作为最外层的外保护层具有优异的耐候、耐磨、防污不易留痕作用。
本申请中功能层由于添加功能性助剂具有包括抗紫外、高韧性、抗氧、耐寒、静电、光热稳定性好等功能，根据具体情况加入不同功能性助剂使其具有不同功能；同时功能层具有过渡作用，其主要为含氟高聚物和热熔胶树脂的混合材料，用于过渡基本为含氟高聚物的外保护层和基本为热熔胶的粘结层，如缺少过渡的功能层，外保护层和粘结层不能很好相容，易分层脱离。
本申请的粘结层包括热熔胶，并选择性的混合少量外保护层材料含氟高聚物，用于提高与功能层的共挤相连性，热熔胶用于粘合聚氯乙烯地板，在100～170℃温度下即可实现粘合。
本发明的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺具有以下有益效果：
1、绿色环保：防污面层使用环保无毒材料制成，同时是可隔绝聚氯乙烯地板层释放的有机物挥发(挥发性有机化合物的释放)
2、超轻超薄：厚度仅1.6～3mm，每平米重量仅2～3kg，不足普通地面材料的10％，在高层建筑中对于楼体承重和空间节约方面有着无可比拟的优势，同时在旧楼改造中有着特殊的优势；
3、高耐磨性：防污面层为以含氟高聚物为主的透明保护膜，其覆盖在聚氯乙烯地板层上使聚氯乙烯地板的耐磨等级比市面上的最高聚氯乙烯等级提高30％以上，使用寿命可达10年以上，所以及其适用于人流量大的医院、学校、办公楼、商场、超市、交通工具等场所；
4、防水防潮抗菌：防污面层中的含氟高聚物是一种疏水性材料，对绝大多数细菌都有较强的杀灭能力和抑制细菌繁殖的能力，不怕水不怕潮，一个月水浸泡无变化，高湿度环境下也不易霉变；
5、高防污性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物为一种化学惰性材料，可耐大部分化学溶剂的侵蚀(包括传统聚氯乙烯地板的极易污染的碘酒试剂)；抗酸碱性能优异，对PH为1～14的化学药剂72h内不留痕迹；
6、易清洁性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物是一种疏水性材料，表面张力很低，不易沾染灰层杂物，使该种材料极易清洁；
7、高耐候性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物化学稳定性高，可抵抗光氧湿热老化，延长普通聚氯乙烯地板层的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
由图1所示，本实施例的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括厚度比为40:1的复合密实型聚氯乙烯地板层1和防污面层，防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的外保护层2、功能层3和粘结层4共挤而成，外保护层2为含氟高聚物聚偏氟乙烯和聚四氟乙烯以100:3的比例混合而成，功能层3为聚偏氟乙烯、改性聚丙烯酸类树脂和紫外吸收剂以80:20:0.5的比例混合而成，粘结层4为聚偏氟乙烯和改性聚丙烯酸类树脂以20:80的比例混合而成；防污面层通过粘结层4的一侧与复合密实型聚氯乙烯地板层1热熔粘合相连。
一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
实施例2
由图1所示，本实施例的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括厚度比为40:1的复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板层1和防污面层，防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的外保护层2、功能层3和粘结层4共挤而成，外保护层2为含氟高聚物聚偏氟乙烯，功能层3为聚偏氟乙烯和紫外吸收剂以100:0.5的比例混合而成，粘结层4为聚偏氟乙烯和改性聚丙烯酸类树脂树脂以10:90的比例混合而成；防污面层通过粘结层4的一侧与复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板层1热熔粘合相连。
一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
实施例3
由图1所示，本实施例的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括厚度比为40:1的同质透芯型聚氯乙烯地板层1和防污面层，防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的外保护层2、功能层3和粘结层4共挤而成，外保护层2为含氟高聚物聚偏氟乙烯和聚四氟乙烯以100:3的比例混合而成，功能层3为聚偏氟乙烯、改性聚丙烯酸类树脂和紫外吸收剂以20:80:0.5的比例混合而成，粘结层4为聚偏氟乙烯和改性聚丙烯酸类树脂以20:80的比例混合而成；防污面层通过粘结层4的一侧与同质透芯型聚氯乙烯地板层1热熔粘合相连。
一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
实施例4
由图1所示，本实施例的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，包括厚度比为40:1的复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板层1和防污面层，防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的的外保护层2、功能层3和粘结层4共挤而成，外保护层2为含氟高聚物聚氯三氟乙烯和聚氯三氟乙烯以100:5的比例混合而成，功能层3为聚氯三氟乙烯和功能性助剂以86:14的比例混合而成，功能性助剂为以光稳定剂和抗静电剂以4:10的比例混合而成，粘结层4为聚氯三氟乙烯；防污面层通过粘结层4的一侧与复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板层1热熔粘合相连。
一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛热熔胶膜(或聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯热熔胶膜)与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层粘结层、热熔胶膜和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
以上实施例的质量检测结果如下表所示：
以上数据表明使用以上实施例的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板及其制备工艺具有以下有益效果：
1、绿色环保：防污面层使用环保无毒材料制成，同时是可隔绝聚氯乙烯地板层释放的有机物挥发(挥发性有机化合物的释放)；
2、超轻超薄：厚度仅1.6～3mm，每平米重量仅2～3kg，不足普通地面材料的10％，在高层建筑中对于楼体承重和空间节约方面有着无可比拟的优势，同时在旧楼改造中有着特殊的优势；
3、高耐磨性：防污面层为以含氟高聚物为主的透明保护膜，其覆盖在聚氯乙烯地板层上使聚氯乙烯地板的耐磨等级比市面上的最高聚氯乙烯等级提高30％以上，使用寿命可达10年以上，所以及其适用于人流量大的医院、学校、办公楼、商场、超市、交通工具等场所；
4、防水防潮抗菌：防污面层中的含氟高聚物是一种疏水性材料，对绝大多数细菌都有较强的杀灭能力和抑制细菌繁殖的能力，不怕水不怕潮，一个月水浸泡无变化，高湿度环境下也不易霉变；
5、高防污性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物为一种化学惰性材料，可耐大部分化学溶剂的侵蚀(包括传统聚氯乙烯地板的极易污染的碘酒试剂)；抗酸碱性能优异，对PH为1～14的化学药剂72h内不留痕迹；
6、易清洁性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物是一种疏水性材料，表面张力很低，不易沾染灰层杂物，使该种材料极易清洁；
7、高耐候性：防污面层中的含氟高聚物化学稳定性高，可抵抗光氧湿热老化，延长普通聚氯乙烯地板层的使用寿命。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，其特征在于：包括厚度比为40:1的聚氯乙烯地板层和防污面层，所述防污面层由厚度比为1:3:1的外保护层、功能层和粘结层共挤而成，所述外保护层为含氟高聚物，所述功能层为含氟高聚物、热熔胶和功能性助剂以20～100:0～80:0.5～20的比例混合而成，所述粘结层为含氟高聚物和热熔胶以0～40:60～100的比例混合而成；所述防污面层通过粘结层的一侧与所述聚氯乙烯地板层热熔粘合相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，其特征在于：所述含氟高聚物为聚氟化乙烯丙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-全氟丙基乙烯基醚、聚偏氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-全氟甲基乙烯基醚、聚乙烯氯三氟乙烯、聚氯三氟乙烯、聚四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯-偏二氟乙烯中的一种或几种的共混物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，其特征在于：所述功能性助剂包括紫外吸收剂、增韧剂、抗氧剂、耐寒剂、热稳定剂、光稳定剂或抗静电剂中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，其特征在于：所述热熔胶包括改性聚丙烯酸类树脂、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯树脂、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛树脂或聚酰胺类热熔胶中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板，其特征在于：所述聚氯乙烯地板层包括复合密实型聚氯乙烯地板、复合发泡型聚氯乙烯地板或同质透心聚氯乙烯地板中的一种。
6.一种根据权利要求1所述的具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：1)外保护层、功能层和粘结层分别按配方造粒后三层共挤成膜，制成防污面层，收卷备用；2)防污面层与聚氯乙烯地板层放卷相接触，使防污面层的粘结层和聚氯乙烯地板的印刷层叠加后热压复合；3)再经过压纹、分切、收卷后得到产品。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种具有高耐污易清洁功能的聚氯乙烯地板的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述三层共挤成膜包括三层共挤吹塑成膜、三层共挤拉伸成膜或三层共挤流延成膜中的一种。
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Application publication date: 20170510