WO2019134632A1 - 塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法 - Google Patents

塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019134632A1
WO2019134632A1 PCT/CN2019/000005 CN2019000005W WO2019134632A1 WO 2019134632 A1 WO2019134632 A1 WO 2019134632A1 CN 2019000005 W CN2019000005 W CN 2019000005W WO 2019134632 A1 WO2019134632 A1 WO 2019134632A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
substrate layer
substrate
plastic
glass fiber
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PCT/CN2019/000005
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵培东
陆钉毅
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无锡市博宇塑机有限公司
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Publication of WO2019134632A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019134632A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0021—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with joining, lining or laminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/06—Embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a manufacturing device and a molding method for reinforcing a layered structure of a substrate of a plastic floor in the field of plastic flooring.
  • the substrate portion of the plastic floor has a foamed or non-foamed material structure, and the foamed substrate is soft and elastic, but the foamed substrate must be adhered to the printed layer by glue. Therefore, not only the production efficiency and quality are poor, but also the use of glue is not environmentally friendly.
  • the strength of the general plastic floor which is not foamed is not good, and it is necessary to improve it.
  • the invention discloses a "plastic floor layered reinforcing structure and a manufacturing apparatus and a molding method thereof" to improve the problems of the prior art.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a plastic floor layered reinforcing structure, a manufacturing apparatus and a molding method thereof, which are formed by extruding a substrate of a plastic floor, and after being extruded, using two substrate layers to be stacked one on another A glass fiber layer is sandwiched to strengthen the layered structure, and is fixed in a non-glue bonding manner to enhance the structural strength and quality of the plastic floor.
  • a manufacturing device for a layered reinforcing structure of a plastic floor characterized in that the composition comprises:
  • An extrusion unit comprising at least two extruders, one end of each extruder is provided with a discharge port for extruding plastic outward into a substrate layer, and two or more of the substrate layers are made of the same material or different materials. ;
  • a certain thick unit disposed on the outer side corresponding to the discharge opening for the substrate layer to pass through to adjust the thickness of the substrate layer;
  • a roll forming apparatus comprising a glass layer reel, a printing layer reel, a wear layer reel, and a roll press for conveying a fiberglass layer to the a roller press for conveying a printing layer to the roller press, the wear layer reel for conveying a wear layer to the roller press;
  • the roller press has at least one pressing roller and a plurality of guiding rollers.
  • a first guiding roller guides the glass fiber layer to the first substrate layer during the conveying operation, and a second guiding roller applies the second The substrate layer is guided to the upper pre-adhesive layer of the glass fiber layer during the conveying process, a third guiding roller guides the printing layer to the second substrate layer, and a fourth guiding roller guides the wear-resistant layer Leading to the printing layer; the bonding roller rolls the pre-applied first substrate layer, the glass fiber layer, the second substrate layer, the printing layer and the wear layer, and is fixed by hot melt bonding One.
  • the manufacturing device of the plastic floor layered reinforcing structure wherein: the extrusion unit is composed of two extruders, and the extruded first substrate layer and the second substrate are different materials and exhibit different hardness structures.
  • the manufacturing device for the layered reinforcing structure of the plastic floor wherein: the substrate layer extruded by the two extruders has a single layer structure, or is combined with a co-extrusion unit to form a plurality of layers and different hardnesses in a co-extrusion manner.
  • a substrate layer the co-extrusion unit comprises a dispenser and a squeezing head, wherein the discharge ports at one end of the two extruders are respectively connected to the dispenser, and the dispenser internally laminates the materials extruded by the two extruders After that, the extrusion head is coextruded to form a first substrate layer or a second substrate layer of a multilayer structure.
  • the manufacturing device of the plastic floor layered reinforcing structure wherein the constant thickness unit is composed of a plurality of two opposite rollers, and the adjacent rollers can be rotated by the motor.
  • the manufacturing device of the plastic floor layered reinforcing structure wherein: when the extruder extrudes the plastic, the plastic is foamed by physical or chemical foaming, and the foamed substrate layer is extruded, and The expansion ratio can be adjusted according to the thickness of the wear layer.
  • the rolling press further comprises at least one heating unit, wherein the heating unit generates a high temperature, and the wear layer, the printing layer and the substrate layers are heated.
  • a method for forming a layered reinforcing structure of a plastic floor characterized in that the steps thereof comprise:
  • the substrate layer is thickened, and the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer are respectively transported through a certain thick unit for thickening the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer;
  • the first substrate layer is pre-adhered, and the first substrate layer is transported to a roller press;
  • the second substrate layer is pre-adhered, the second substrate layer is transported to the roller press, and pre-applied to the glass fiber layer;
  • the method for molding a layered reinforcing structure of a plastic floor wherein: when the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer is extruded by using the extruder, the plastic can be foamed by physical or chemical foaming. A substrate layer having a foaming is produced.
  • the method for molding a layered reinforcing structure of a plastic floor wherein: the first substrate layer and the second substrate are the same or different materials, and if they are different materials, they may exhibit different hardness structures.
  • the method for molding a layered reinforcing structure of a plastic floor wherein the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer is a single layer structure, or a plurality of layers of different hardness and hardness are formed by co-extrusion unit by co-extrusion
  • the coextrusion unit comprises at least two extruders, a dispenser, and an extrusion head, the discharge ports at one end of the two extruders are respectively connected to the dispenser, and the two extruders are squeezed inside the dispenser After the material is laminated and consolidated, the extrusion head is coextruded to form a first substrate layer or a second substrate layer of a multilayer structure.
  • a plastic floor layered reinforcing structure characterized in that the composition comprises:
  • the glass fiber layer is thermocompression bonded to the first substrate layer
  • thermocompression bonded to the second substrate layer
  • the plastic floor does not need to be glued, but can improve production efficiency and quality, and has environmental protection characteristics.
  • the layered reinforcing structure of the plastic floor wherein: the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer is a single layer structure, or a multi-layer and different hardness substrate layer is formed by co-extrusion in a co-extrusion manner;
  • the extrusion unit comprises at least two extruders, a dispenser, and an extrusion head, the discharge ports at one end of the two extruders are respectively connected to the dispenser, and the material of the extruder is extruded inside the dispenser After lamination and consolidation, the extrusion head is coextruded to form a first substrate layer or a second substrate layer of a multilayer structure.
  • the glass fiber is laminated and sandwiched, and then the roll press is pressed and fixed with the printing layer and the wear layer to achieve the bonding without glue bonding.
  • the plastic floor with reinforced structure not only enhances the production efficiency and quality of the plastic floor, but also makes it conform to environmental protection characteristics.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view showing the manufacturing apparatus of a six-roll type roll press of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view showing the manufacturing apparatus of the five-roll type roller press of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a plan view showing another manufacturing apparatus of the present invention to which a five-roll type roll press is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a co-extrusion unit of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the combination of the same material of the substrate of the plastic floor panel of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing the combination of two different substrate layers of the substrate of the plastic floor of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a combination of a three-layer substrate layer of a substrate of a plastic floor of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the combination of the first substrate layer of the plastic floor of the present invention in a multilayer structure.
  • substrate 11 substrate 11; first substrate layer 111; second substrate layer 112; glass fiber layer 113; third substrate layer 114; printed layer 12; abrasion resistant layer 13; extrusion unit 20; extruder 21; Discharge port 211; co-extrusion unit 22; distributor 221; extruding head 222; constant thickness unit 30; roller 31; roll forming apparatus 40; glass layer reel 41; printed layer reel 42; a layer reel 43; a roller 50; a first guide roller 51; a second guide roller 52; a third guide roller 53, a fourth guide roller 54, a squeezing roller 55, a transport roller 56, a pre-roller roller 57; The fifth guide roller 58; the heating unit 60.
  • the layered reinforcing structure of the plastic floor of the invention, the manufacturing equipment and the molding method thereof, and the layered structure of the plastic floor are strengthened by using a plurality of manufacturing equipments, and the plastic floor is strengthened.
  • the layered structure comprises a substrate 11 composed of at least two substrate layers 111, 112 and a glass fiber layer 113, and a printed layer 12, a wear layer 13, and the manufacturing apparatus thereof comprises:
  • An extrusion unit 20 includes at least two extruders 21, and one end of the two extruders 21 is provided with a discharge port 211 for extruding plastic through a discharge port 211 to form a substrate layer 111, 112.
  • the two substrate layers 111, 112 may be the same or different materials, may be PVC or PE, and exhibit different hardness and hardness, and may also be foamed by physical chemical, extruded with a foamed substrate layer, and foamed. The magnification can be adjusted depending on the thickness of the wear layer 13 .
  • the substrate layers 111 and 112 extruded by the extruder 21 may be a single layer structure or combined with a co-extrusion unit 22 to form a plurality of substrate layers of different hardness and hardness in a co-extrusion manner;
  • the co-extrusion unit 22 includes a dispenser 221 and a squeezing head 222, such that the discharge port 211 at one end of the two extruders 21 is respectively connected to the distributor 221, and the dispenser 221 internally extrudes the two extruders 21 After the materials are stacked and consolidated, the extruding head 222 is coextruded to form a first substrate layer or a second substrate layer having a multilayer structure.
  • a certain thick unit 30, which is disposed on the outer side of the corresponding discharge opening 211, may be formed by a plurality of upper and lower opposite rollers 31, and the upper and lower adjacent rollers 31 may be rotated by a motor (not shown).
  • the inner side is partitioned into a passage through which the substrate layer can pass, and a cooling component is disposed in the rollers 31 (not shown) for cooling the substrate layers 111 and 112 to ensure the thickness thereof.
  • the cooling assembly is composed of cooling pipes respectively disposed in each of the rollers 31 for circulating a flow of cooling water.
  • a roll forming apparatus 40 includes a glass layer reel 41, a print layer reel 42, a wear layer reel 43, and a roll press 50 and a heating unit 60, the glass layer reel 41 is to convey the wound glass fiber layer 113 to the roller press 50, the printing layer reel 42 is to transport the wound printing layer 12 to the roller press 50, the wear layer reel 43 The wound wear layer 13 is delivered to the roller press 50.
  • the roller press 50 can be a vertical four-roller structure or a horizontal five-roller or six-roller structure. As shown in FIG. 1, if it is a horizontal six-roller, a plurality of guide rollers 51, 52, 53 are arranged on the machine table.
  • a pressing roller 55 wherein the first guiding roller 51 guides the glass fiber layer 113 to the first substrate layer 111 during the conveying operation, and the second guiding roller 52 is the second substrate
  • the layer 1112 is guided to the upper pre-adhesive of the glass fiber layer 113 during the conveying process, and the third guiding roller 53 guides the printing layer 12 onto the second substrate layer 112, and the fourth guiding roller 54 is a pre-bonding of the wear layer 13 to the printing layer 12;
  • the pressing roller 55 is a pre-applied first substrate layer 111, a glass fiber layer 113, a second substrate layer 112, and a printing layer. 12 and the wear layer 13 is rolled and fixed by heat fusion bonding.
  • the roller press 50 when the roller press 50 is of a five-roll type, the first to fourth guide rolls 51, 52, 53, 54 and the pinch roller 55 are also provided on the frame, and the press is performed.
  • a transport roller 56 for uniformly thickening the first substrate layer 111, the glass fiber layer 113 and the second substrate layer 112 which are wound up may be further provided.
  • the third and fourth guide rolls 53, 54 are pre-applied, they are matched with a pre-roller 57 having a large circular diameter to make the pre-sticking of the printed layer 12 and the wear-resistant layer 13 more stable and reliable.
  • the structure of the substrate 11 includes the third substrate layer 114
  • an extruder 21 is further disposed on the conveying path of the roller press 50, and a fifth guide roller 58 is further disposed.
  • the third substrate layer 114 is guided to the second substrate layer 112 for pre-posting.
  • the heating unit 60 can be an electric heater, and the first substrate layer 111, the glass fiber layer 113, the second substrate layer 112, the printing layer 12, and the wear layer 13 are disposed at appropriate intervals, and can generate high temperature.
  • the pre-applied substrate 11, the printed layer 12, and the wear layer 13 are heated to enhance the stability of the roll forming.
  • the manufacturing and molding steps of the plastic floor of the present invention are as follows:
  • the substrate layer is thickened, and the first substrate layer and the second substrate layer 111 and 112 are respectively transported through the thickening unit 30 to define the thickness thereof, and the cooling device can be simultaneously cooled and cooled.
  • the first substrate layer 111 is pre-applied, and the first substrate layer 111 is passed through the constant thickness unit 30, and then transported to the roller press 50 for pre-sticking.
  • the glass fiber layer 113 is pre-applied, and the glass fiber layer 113 is transported to the roll press 50 by the glass fiber layer reel 41, and is preliminarily attached to the first substrate layer 111 by the first guide roll 51.
  • the second substrate layer 112 is pre-applied, and the second substrate layer 112 is passed through the thickening unit 30, then transported to the roller press 50, and assisted by the second guide roller 52 to be pre-applied to the glass fiber layer 113. .
  • the printing layer 12 is pre-applied, and the printing layer 12 is wound up to the roller press 50 by the printing layer reel 42 and assisted by the third guiding roller 53 to be pre-applied to the second substrate layer 112.
  • the wear layer 13 is pre-applied, and the wear layer is made by the wear layer reel 43
  • the 13-volume is fed to the roller press 50, and is assisted by the fourth guide roller 54 to be pre-applied to the printing layer 12.
  • heating is performed by the heating unit 60 when the substrate 11, the printed layer 12, and the wear layer 13 are pre-adhered to soften the material structure.
  • the substrate 11 when the substrate 11 , the printed layer 12 and the wear layer 13 are integrally bonded to each other, the substrate 11 can be made of the first substrate layer 111 and the second substrate layer 112 and the glass fiber layer of the same material. 113 composition, or as shown in FIG. 6, the first substrate layer 111 may be filled with a filler such as a plasticizer and calcium carbonate for the PVC material to exhibit soft characteristics, and the second substrate layer 112 may be foamed by adding a foaming agent. Body, showing hard characteristics. If the substrate layer is three layers as shown in FIG.
  • the three-layer substrate layer may be the same material or different materials, and each of the substrate layers may be a single layer or a multi-layer structure, whether it is a two-layer or three-layer substrate layer.
  • the first substrate layer 111 is formed into a two-layer structure by a co-extrusion method.

Abstract

一种塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法，利用二挤出机（21）分别挤出成型一基板层（111，112），令一玻璃纤维层（113）在预贴时设于该二基板层（111，112）之间，再利用一定厚单元（30）冷却定厚，令该二基板层（111，112）、玻璃纤维层（113）、印刷层（12）及耐磨层（13）通过一辊压机（50）辊压粘合为一体，如此能使塑胶地板的基板层（111，112）的结构强度增加，且该基板层（111，112）与印刷层（12）、耐磨层（13）通过辊压热熔粘合，不须通过胶水粘合固定，具有环保特性，并能增进生产效率。

Description

塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种以塑胶地板的领域，特别系针对塑胶地板其基板的层状结构加以强化的制造设备及成型方法。
背景技术
利用塑胶材料制成地板，以取代天然木材，减少对自然资料的破坏，是现今塑胶地板产品开发的趋势。而由背景技术可知，塑胶地板的基板部份有发泡或非发泡的材质结构，发泡后的基板较软且具弹性，但发泡的基板必须以胶水方能和印刷层粘合固定，因此不仅生产效率及品质较差，且胶水的使用也不具环保性，而非发泡的一般塑胶地板的强度不佳，有加以改善的必要。
有鉴于此，本发明设计人乃针对前述现有实用新型问题深入探讨，并凭借多年从事相关产业的研发与制造经验，积极寻求解决的道，经过长期努力的研究与发展，终于成功的开发出本发明“塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法”，以改善现有实用新型的问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的，提供一种塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法，其系令塑胶地板的基板以挤出方式成型，并在挤出成型后，利用二基板层上下相叠包夹一玻璃纤维层，以强化其层状结构，同时并以非胶水粘着的方式固定为一体，用以提升塑胶地板的结构强度及使用品质。
缘于达成上述的实用新型目的，本发明提供的技术方案是：
一种塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征是，其构成包含：
一挤出单元，包含至少二挤出机，各该挤出机一端设有一出料口，用以将塑料向外挤出成型一基板层，两个以上的该基板层为相同材质或不同材质；
一定厚单元，设于对应该出料口的外侧，可供该基板层通过，以调整基板层厚度；
一辊压成型设备，包括一玻纤层卷送器、印刷层卷送器、耐磨层卷送器，以及一辊压机，该玻纤层卷送器是将一玻璃纤维层输送至该辊压机，该印刷层卷送器是将一印刷层输送至该辊压机，该耐磨层卷送器用以将一耐磨层输送至 该辊压机；
该辊压机至少具有一压合辊及若干导辊，一第一导辊将该玻璃纤维层在输送作业时导引至该第一基板层上预贴，一第二导辊将该第二基板层在输送过程中导引至该玻璃纤维层的上预贴，一第三导辊将该印刷层导引至该第二基板层上预贴，一第四导辊将该耐磨层导引至该印刷层上预贴；该压合辊则是将预贴后的第一基板层、玻璃纤维层、第二基板层、印刷层及耐磨层辊压，利用热熔粘合固定为一体。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其中：该挤出单元由二挤出机构成，其挤出的第一基板层与第二基板为不同材料而呈现不同软硬度的结构。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其中：该二挤出机挤出成型的基板层为单层结构，或搭配一共挤单元，以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括一分配器及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其中：该定厚单元由若干二二相对的滚轴构成，相邻的滚轴能够被马达带动转动。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其中：各该挤出机将塑料挤出成型时，是利用物理或化学发泡方式使塑料发泡，挤出具有发泡的基板层，且其发泡倍率可视耐磨层厚度进行调配。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其中：该辊压机上还设置至少一加热单元，利用该加热单元产生高温，对该耐磨层、印刷层及该些基板层加热。
一种塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其特征是，其步骤包含：
A.挤出成型至少二基板层，利用至少二挤出机将塑料挤出成型第一基板层及第二基板层；
B.基板层定厚，令该第一基板层及第二基板层分别输送通过一定厚单元，用以将该第一基板层及该第二基板层定厚；
C.第一基板层预贴，将该第一基板层输送至一辊压机；
D.玻璃纤维层预贴，利用一玻纤层卷送器将一玻璃纤维层输送至该辊压机，且预贴于该第一基板层上；
E.第二基板层预贴，将该第二基板层输送至该辊压机，且预贴于该玻璃纤维 层上；
F.印刷层预贴，利用一印刷层卷送器将印刷层卷送至该辊压机，且预贴于该第二基板层上；
G.耐磨层预贴，利用一耐磨层卷送器将一耐磨层卷送至该辊压机，且预贴于该印刷层上；
H.辊压粘合，利用该辊压机的压合辊将第一基板层、第二基板层、玻璃纤维层、印刷层及耐磨层辊压成型并且粘合为一体，而作为塑胶地板的成品。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其中：该第一基板层或第二基板层利用各该挤出机挤出成型时，可利用物理或化学发泡方式使塑料发泡，挤出具有发泡的基板层。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其中：该第一基板层与第二基板为相同或不同的材料，若为不同材料时，可呈现不同软硬度的结构。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其中：该第一基板层或第二基板层为单层结构，或由共挤单元以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括至少二挤出机、一分配器，以及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
一种塑胶地板层状强化结构，其特征是，其构成包含：
一第一基板层，其以塑料挤出成型；
一玻璃纤维层，该玻璃纤维层热压粘合于该第一基板层上；
一第二基板层，其以塑料挤出成型，热压粘合于该玻璃纤维层上；
一印刷层，热压粘合于该第二基板层上；
一耐磨层，热压粘合于该印刷层上；
如此，令塑胶地板不需利用胶水粘合，而能增进生产效率及品质，并具备环保特性。
所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构，其中：该第一基板层或第二基板层为单层结构，或由共挤单元以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括至少二挤出机、一分配器，以及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
如此，利用塑胶地板的基板层挤出成型后，与玻璃纤维层叠包夹，再利用 该辊压机与印刷层、耐磨层热压粘合固定，达到不须通过胶水粘合便可制成具有强化结构的塑胶地板，不仅能增进塑胶地板的生产效率及品质，更使其符合环保特性。
附图说明
图1是本发明应用六辊式辊压机的制造设备平面图。
图2是本发明应用五辊式辊压机的制造设备平面图。
图3是本发明应用五辊式辊压机的另一制造设备平面图。
图4是本发明共挤单元的立体组合示意图。
图5是本发明塑胶地板的基板其二基板层为相同材质的组合剖面图。
图6是本发明塑胶地板的基板其二基板层为不同材质的组合剖面图。
图7是本发明塑胶地板的基板具三层基板层的组合剖面图。
图8是本发明塑胶地板的第一基板层为多层结构的组合剖面图。
附图标记说明：基板11；第一基板层111；第二基板层112；玻璃纤维层113；第三基板层114；印刷层12；耐磨层13；挤出单元20；挤出机21；出料口211；共挤单元22；分配器221；挤料头222；定厚单元30；滚轴31；辊压成型设备40；玻纤层卷送器41；印刷层卷送器42；耐磨层卷送器43；辊压机50；第一导辊51；第二导辊52；第三导辊53；第四导辊54；压合辊55；输送辊56；预贴辊57；第五导辊58；加热单元60。
具体实施方式
请参阅图1～图8所示，本发明塑胶地板层状强化结构及其制造设备与成型方法，利用若干制造设备施以一系列的制程，针对塑胶地板的层状结构加以强化，该塑胶地板的层状结构包含由至少二基板层111、112及一玻璃纤维层113构成的基板11，以及印刷层12、耐磨层13，而其制造设备包含：
一挤出单元20，至少包括二挤出机21，该二挤出机21一端设有一出料口211，用以将塑料经由该出料口211向外挤出成型一基板层111、112，该二基板层111、112可为相同或不同材质，可为PVC或PE，而呈现不同软硬度的结构，也可通过物理化学发泡，挤出具有发泡的基板层，且其发泡倍率可视耐磨层13厚度进行调配。又各该挤出机21挤出成型的基板层111、112，可为单层结构，或搭配一共挤单元22，以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单 元22包括一分配器221及一挤料头222，系令该二挤出机21一端的出料口211分别衔接至该分配器221，该分配器221内部将该二挤出机21挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头222共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
一定厚单元30，设于对应该出料口211的外侧，可由若干上下二二相对的滚轴31构成，该些上方及下方相邻的滚轴31可被马达图中未显示带动转动，其内侧区隔成可供该基板层通过的通道，并可于该些滚轴31内设一冷却组件图中未显示，用以将该基板层111、112降温，以确保其板厚。该冷却组件由分别设于各该滚轴31内的冷却管路组成，可供冷却水流循环流动。
一辊压成型设备40，包括一玻纤层卷送器41、印刷层卷送器42、耐磨层卷送器43，以及一辊压机50与加热单元60，该玻纤层卷送器41是将卷绕的玻璃纤维层113输送至该辊压机50，该印刷层卷送器42是将卷绕的印刷层12输送至该辊压机50，该耐磨层卷送器43用以将卷绕的耐磨层13输送至该辊压机50。
该辊压机50可为直立式四辊结构或水平式五辊、六辊结构，如图1所示，若为水平式六辊，系于机台上设置若干导辊51、52、53、54及一压合辊55，该第一导辊51是将该玻璃纤维层113于输送作业时导引至该第一基板层111上预贴，该第二导辊52是将该第二基板层1112于输送过程中导引至该玻璃纤维层113的上预贴，该第三导辊53是将该印刷层12导引至该第二基板层112上预贴，而该第四导辊54是将该耐磨层13导引至该印刷层12上预贴；该压合辊55则是将预贴后的第一基板层111、玻璃纤维层113、第二基板层112、印刷层12及耐磨层13辊压，利用热熔粘合固定为一体。
其次，如图2，该辊压机50为五辊式结构时，同样系于机架上设置第一～第四导辊51、52、53、54及压合辊55，且在该压合辊55的前，可另外再设一输送辊56，该输送辊56用以将卷送的第一基板层111、玻璃纤维层113及第二基板层112并作第二次定厚。又，其中第三、第四导辊53、54进行预贴时，与一较大圆径的预贴辊57搭配，使印刷层12及耐磨层13的预贴更为平稳、确实。
另外，如图3，若该基板11的结构包含第三基板层114时，系于该辊压机50的输送路径设再增设一挤出机21，同时再设置一第五导辊58，将该第三基板层114导引至该第二基板层112上预贴。
该加热单元60可为一电热器，设于该第一基板层111、玻璃纤维层113、第二基板层112、印刷层12及耐磨层13预贴输送的路径适当处，可产生高温而 对预贴后的基板11、印刷层12及耐磨层13加热，以增进辊压成型的稳固性。
利用上述的机器设备，本发明塑胶地板的制造成型步骤如下：
A.挤出成型至少二基板层111、112，利用二挤出机21将塑料挤出成型第一基板层111及第二基板层112；
B.基板层定厚，令该第一基板层、第二基板层111、112分别输送通过定厚单元30，用以限定其厚度，并可同时利用降温设备进行冷却降温。
C.第一基板层111预贴，令该第一基板层111通过该定厚单元30后，输送至该辊压机50进行预贴。
D.玻璃纤维层113预贴，利用该玻纤层卷送器41将玻璃纤维层113输送至该辊压机50，并通过第一导辊51辅助预贴于该第一基板层111上。
E.第二基板层112预贴，令将该第二基板层112通过定厚单元30后，输送至该辊压机50，并通过第二导辊52辅助预贴于该玻璃纤维层113上。
F.印刷层12预贴，利用印刷层卷送器42将印刷层12卷送至该辊压机50，并通过该第三导辊53辅助预贴于该第二基板层112上。
G.耐磨层13预贴，利用耐磨层卷送器43将该耐磨层
13卷送至该辊压机50，并通过该第四导辊54辅助预贴于该印刷层12上。
H.预贴加热，利用加热单元60于该基板11、印刷层12及耐磨层13进行预贴时进行加热，使其材料结构软化。
I.辊压粘合，利用该辊压机50的压合辊55将软化后的基板11、印刷层12及耐磨层13辊压成型，使其粘合为一体，而可作为塑胶发泡地板的成品。
请再参阅图5所示，本发明该基板11、印刷层12与耐磨层13粘合为一体时，该基板11可由相同材质的第一基板层111与第二基板层112及玻璃纤维层113组成，或者如图6，其第一基板层111可为PVC材料添加可塑剂及碳酸钙等填充物，而呈现软质特性，而第二基板层112可为添加发泡剂产生的发泡体，呈现硬质特性。若如图7基板层为三层时，则三层的基板层可为相同材质或不同材质，而不论是二层或三层的基板层，每一基板层都可为单层或多层结构，如图8，第一基板层111利用共挤方式成型双层结构。
以上说明对本发明而言只是说明性的，而非限制性的，本领域普通技术人员理解，在不脱离权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下，可作出许多修改、变化或等效，但都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征是，其构成包含：
    一挤出单元，包含至少二挤出机，各该挤出机一端设有一出料口，用以将塑料向外挤出成型一基板层，两个以上的该基板层为相同材质或不同材质；
    一定厚单元，设于对应该出料口的外侧，可供该基板层通过，以调整基板层厚度；
    一辊压成型设备，包括一玻纤层卷送器、印刷层卷送器、耐磨层卷送器，以及一辊压机，该玻纤层卷送器是将一玻璃纤维层输送至该辊压机，该印刷层卷送器是将一印刷层输送至该辊压机，该耐磨层卷送器用以将一耐磨层输送至该辊压机；
    该辊压机至少具有一压合辊及若干导辊，一第一导辊将该玻璃纤维层在输送作业时导引至该第一基板层上预贴，一第二导辊将该第二基板层在输送过程中导引至该玻璃纤维层的上预贴，一第三导辊将该印刷层导引至该第二基板层上预贴，一第四导辊将该耐磨层导引至该印刷层上预贴；该压合辊则是将预贴后的第一基板层、玻璃纤维层、第二基板层、印刷层及耐磨层辊压，利用热熔粘合固定为一体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征在于：该挤出单元由二挤出机构成，其挤出的第一基板层与第二基板为不同材料而呈现不同软硬度的结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征在于：该二挤出机挤出成型的基板层为单层结构，或搭配一共挤单元，以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括一分配器及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征在于：该定厚单元由若干二二相对的滚轴构成，相邻的滚轴能够被马达带动转动。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征在于：各该挤出机将塑料挤出成型时，是利用物理或化学发泡方式使塑料发泡，挤出具有发泡的基板层，且其发泡倍率可视耐磨层厚度进行调配。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的制造设备，其特征在于：该辊压机上还设置至少一加热单元，利用该加热单元产生高温，对该耐磨层、印刷层及该些基板层加热。
  7. 一种塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其特征是，其步骤包含：
    A.挤出成型至少二基板层，利用至少二挤出机将塑料挤出成型第一基板层及第二基板层；
    B.基板层定厚，令该第一基板层及第二基板层分别输送通过一定厚单元，用以将该第一基板层及该第二基板层定厚；
    C.第一基板层预贴，将该第一基板层输送至一辊压机；
    D.玻璃纤维层预贴，利用一玻纤层卷送器将一玻璃纤维层输送至该辊压机，且预贴于该第一基板层上；
    E.第二基板层预贴，将该第二基板层输送至该辊压机，且预贴于该玻璃纤维层上；
    F.印刷层预贴，利用一印刷层卷送器将印刷层卷送至该辊压机，且预贴于该第二基板层上；
    G.耐磨层预贴，利用一耐磨层卷送器将一耐磨层卷送至该辊压机，且预贴于该印刷层上；
    H.辊压粘合，利用该辊压机的压合辊将第一基板层、第二基板层、玻璃纤维层、印刷层及耐磨层辊压成型并且粘合为一体，而作为塑胶地板的成品。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其特征在于：该第一基板层或第二基板层利用各该挤出机挤出成型时，可利用物理或化学发泡方式使塑料发泡，挤出具有发泡的基板层。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其特征在于：该第一基板层与第二基板为相同或不同的材料，若为不同材料时，可呈现不同软硬度的结构。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构的成型方法，其特征在于：该第一基板层或第二基板层为单层结构，或由共挤单元以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括至少二挤出机、一分配器，以及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
  11. 一种塑胶地板层状强化结构，其特征是，其构成包含：
    一第一基板层，其以塑料挤出成型；
    一玻璃纤维层，该玻璃纤维层热压粘合于该第一基板层上；
    一第二基板层，其以塑料挤出成型，热压粘合于该玻璃纤维层上；
    一印刷层，热压粘合于该第二基板层上；
    一耐磨层，热压粘合于该印刷层上；
    如此，令塑胶地板不需利用胶水粘合，而能增进生产效率及品质，并具备环保特性。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的塑胶地板层状强化结构，其特征在于：该第一基板层或第二基板层为单层结构，或由共挤单元以共挤方式成型多层且不同软硬度的基板层；该共挤单元包括至少二挤出机、一分配器，以及一挤料头，该二挤出机一端的出料口分别衔接至该分配器，该分配器内部将该二挤出机挤出的材料层叠汇整后，再由该挤料头共挤而出，形成一多层结构的第一基板层或第二基板层。
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