CN105766316A - Improved seed breeding method of Aconitum delavayi Franch - Google Patents
Improved seed breeding method of Aconitum delavayi Franch Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved seed breeding method of Aconitum delavayi Franch. According to the method, an area which is located at the elevation of 2,800-3,200 m, has the annual average temperature of 7.5-10.0 DEG C and has the frost-free period lasting for 150-180 d is selected and has sandy loam with medium fertility, no Aconitum carmichaeli is planted in last three years, and the preceding crop is tartary buckwheat or rapes and the like; an organic fertilizer is applied to be used as a base fertilizer during land preparation, sowing is performed from the middle of November to the early December, tubers of Aconitum delavayi Franch are soaked in a 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder solution obtained through 500 times dilution before sowing, the topdressing is performed three times from seedling emergence to September next year, and side branches are subjected to pinching and bud picking in the squaring stage of Aconitum delavayi Franch from August to September next year; seeds are harvested from the late September next year to the middle of October. With the adoption of the method, the yield of the seeds of a Aconitum delavayi Franch seed field can reach 750-900 kg/hm<2>, a thousand of seeds are as heavy as 3.5-4.5 g, the germination rate of the seeds reaches 93%-95%, and the purity of the seeds reaches 95%-98%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal plants raising technology field, be specifically related to the stock breeding method of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow.
Background technology
Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow is ranunculaceae plant horse ear mountain Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. (AconitumdelavayiFranch) tuber, has another name called pasture and water crow, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, stifled draws, evil mind solution, is Ranunculaceae herbaceos perennial, for one of China's Chinese medicine material.Stock is in Shennong's Herbal, and Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) Compendium of Material Medica is recorded: " Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Extract Aconiti Radicis sucus.Or even the medicine of poison, if non-Radix Aconiti, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata people are planted, brew in addition, kill the ratio of its toxicity, from the stupid anxious disease of non-wind, can not gently throw." in recent years chemical constitution study show that Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber is containing multiple alkaloid, has significant toxicity and physiologically active, as local anaesthesia, calmness, antipyretic, heart tonifying etc. act on.There are expelling wind and removing dampness, anesthesia, dispersing cold for relieving pain, open expectorant, effect of detumescence, for rheumatic arthralgia, paralysis due to windstroke, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, intercostal neuralgia, solve aconite poisoning, be widely used in traditional Chinese medical science compatibility and pharmaceutical raw material.It is distributed mainly on northwestern Yunnan Province and South-west Sichuan, in being born in the mountain region bushes of height above sea level 2400～3200 meters.
Owing in Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow, the content of bulleyaconitine A is higher, it is always up the indispensable raw medicinal material of pharmacy corporation.Along with the exploitation of the unique medicinal efficacy of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow and range of application are in continuous expansion, the market demand increases, and the price of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow is also rising steadily.Although Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow is distributed more widely, but its wild resource is collected through blindness for many years, destructiveness excavates the extreme damage with growing environment, day by day exhausted, even face the danger of extinction, the development of medication enterprise in this situation serious threat, occurs in that the supply of natural resources and the conspicuous contradiction of Sustainable Development and Utilization.Up to the present, yet there are no the relevant stock breeding research work report of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow.
Summary of the invention
Breeding breeding effective ways for solving prior art to what Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow seed growing shortage was suitable for, the technical problem that seed production is low and seed quality is poor, the present invention provides a kind of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow stock breeding method.
A kind of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow stock breeding method that the inventive method provides includes following selection of land, whole, sowing, field management and seed collection step:
null(1) selection of land: select height above sea level 2800～3200m，Year samming 7.5 DEG C～10.0 DEG C，The coldest moon samming-1.0 DEG C～2.5 DEG C，The hottest moon samming 13.5 DEG C～15 DEG C，>=10.0 DEG C of annual accumution 1900.0 DEG C～2350.0 DEG C，Annual precipitation 800mm～1100mm，The area of frost-free period 150～180d，And in mass fraction，Soil with organic matter content is 2～3%，Full nitrogen is 0.10～0.15%，Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 90～120mg/kg，Rapid available phosphorus is 10～20mg/kg，Available potassium is the sand loam of 100～150mg/kg，Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. (Aconitumcarmichaeli) was not planted in the first three years，Preceding crop is Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris、Rhizoma Solani tuber osi、Radix Et Rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici or Brassica campestris L；
(2) wholely: after preceding crop is gathered in the crops, ted soil, and apply fertilizer 22500～30000kg/hm2, in mass fraction, the content of organic matter >=30% in described fertilizer, the wide 100～120cm of bedding, the high 12～15cm of furrow, furrow width 25～30cm；
(3) sowing: mid-November to early December is sowed, selection is excavated then, is that 30～40g, obconic Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber are as propagating materials without pest and disease damage, weight, before sowing, by selected Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber 500 times of immersion bubble 2～3h of 75% Bravo wettable powder, after drying transepidermal water, open cave by 30 × 25cm specification, deep 10cm～the 15cm in cave, every cave plantation 1 described Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber, bud mouth upwards, earthing 3～5cm；
(4) field management:
1. first time topdresses, and 20～30d after emerging imposes the cake fertilizer 750kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, execute carbamide 225～450kg/hm that N content is 46% mass fraction simultaneously2；
2. second time is topdressed, in next year that step (3) is sowed late June～early July carries out, and executes the cake fertilizer 1500～2250kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, sealing fertilizer 300～600kg/hm simultaneously2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15；
3. third time is topdressed, in next year that step (3) is sowed late August～early September carries out, sealing fertilizer 300～600kg/hm2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15；
4. the next year 8～JIUYUE sowed in step (3), during Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow squaring period, carries out 2～3 pinching bud picking to side shoot；
(5) seed collection: the mature seed of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow of gathering late September next year to the mid-October that step (3) is sowed.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Adopt the inventive method that the seed production in Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow seed-breeding field can be made to reach 750～900kg/hm2, ratio comparison volume increase 200%～400%, thousand grain weigth reaches 3.5g～4.5g, than comparison raising 40%～40.62%；Percentage of seedgermination reaches 93%～95%, than comparison raising 46%～86%；Physical purity of seed reaches 95%～98%, than comparison raising 35.7%～40%.
2, the inventive method is easy and simple to handle, it is easy to grasps and promotes.
Detailed description of the invention
The materials such as fertilizer used by following example, Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber, pesticide are commercially available, are conventional method without specified otherwise in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) selection of land: select height above sea level 2800m, year samming 7.5 DEG C～9.0 DEG C, the coldest moon samming 1.0 DEG C～2.5 DEG C, the hottest moon samming 13.5 DEG C～15 DEG C, >=10.0 DEG C of annual accumution 1900.0 DEG C～2350.0 DEG C, annual precipitation 800mm～1000mm, the area of frost-free period 150～180d, and in mass fraction, soil with organic matter content is 2～3%, full nitrogen N is 0.10～0.15%, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen N is 90～120mg/kg, with P2O5Meter, rapid available phosphorus is 10～20mg/kg, with K2O counts, and available potassium is the sand loam of 100～150mg/kg, does not plant Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. (Aconitumcarmichaeli) in the first three years, and preceding crop is Radix Et Rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici；Described Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. (Aconitumcarmichaeli) and Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow are all ranunculaceae plant, claim " Radix Aconiti " after its main root (parent root) processing, and side root (daughter root) then claims " Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata "；This area's rainfall focuses mostly in August, and December often has accumulated snow, frost to March in next year.
(2) wholely: after preceding crop is gathered in the crops, ted soil, apply fertilizer 22500kg/hm2, in mass fraction, the content of organic matter >=30% in described fertilizer, bedding width 100cm, furrow height 12cm, furrow width 25cm, leveling furrow face is in back of a bow shape.
(3) sowing: mid-November sowing time, select to excavate then, without pest and disease damage, weight be 30～40g, obconic Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber as propagating materials, selected tuber can improve seed purity.Before sowing, by selected Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber 500 times of immersion bubble disinfecting time 2h of 75% Bravo wettable powder, after drying transepidermal water, cave is opened by 30 × 25cm specification, the deep 10cm～15cm in cave, 1 described Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber of every cave plantation, make bud mouth upwards, earthing 3～5cm.
(4) field management:
1. first time topdresses, and after emerging 25 days, imposes the cake fertilizer 750kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, execute the carbamide 225kg/hm that N content is 46% mass fraction simultaneously2。
2. second time is topdressed, and carries out in late June next year that step (3) is sowed, executes the cake fertilizer 1500kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, sealing fertilizer 300kg/hm simultaneously2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15.
3. third time is topdressed, and carries out in late August next year that step (3) is sowed, sealing fertilizer 300kg/hm2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15.
4. the next year 8～JIUYUE sowed in step (3), during Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow squaring period, carries out 2 pinching bud picking, to suppress plant excessive growth, makes nutrient concentrate on stem alabastrum, promote seed growth side shoot.
(5) seed collection: the 1st～2 batch of ripe seed of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow of gathering late September next year to the mid-October that step (3) is sowed.
Son of being collected seed carries out classification by table 1 parameter.
Table 1 Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow seed grading table
| Project | First order seed | Secondary seed | Three grades of seeds |
| Cleanliness (%) | ≥95 | >=90, < 95 | >=85, < 90 |
| Germination percentage (%) | ≥95 | >=90, < 95 | >=85, < 90 |
| Seed plumpness (%) | ≥95 | >=85, < 95 | >=75, < 85 |
| Mass of 1000 kernel (g) | ≥4.5 | >=4, < 4.5 | >=3.5, < 4 |
| There is free from insect pests | Nothing | Nothing | Nothing |
Result of the test:
Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow seed production reaches 750～900kg/hm2, thousand grain weigth reaches 3.5g～4.5g, and percentage of seedgermination reaches 93%～95%, and physical purity of seed reaches 95%～98%, seed grain plumpness > 85%, and by table 1 classification, the seed gathered is I and II seed, for breeding.
Comparison: Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow stock breeding at present does not have technology and the relevant report of maturation, actual production is according to the implantation methods of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb (AconitumKusnezoffiiReichb.), employing tuber is bred, December plantation in the winter time, opening cave, deep 10cm by 25 × 25cm specification, every cave plants 1～2 Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber, gathering during to Second Year seed maturity in November seed, Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow seed production reaches 150～300kg/hm2, thousand grain weigth reaches 2.5g～3.2g, and percentage of seedgermination reaches 50～65%, and physical purity of seed reaches 70%.
Test shows: the seed production of the inventive method is than comparison volume increase 200%～400%, and thousand grain weigth is than comparison raising 40%～40.62%；Percentage of seedgermination is than comparison raising 46%～86%；Physical purity of seed is than comparison raising 35.7%～40%.
Claims (1)
1. a Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow stock breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
null(1) selection of land: select height above sea level 2800～3200m，Year samming 7.5 DEG C～10.0 DEG C，The coldest moon samming-1.0 DEG C～2.5 DEG C，The hottest moon samming 13.5 DEG C～15 DEG C，>=10.0 DEG C of annual accumution 1900.0 DEG C～2350.0 DEG C，Annual precipitation 800mm～1100mm，The area of frost-free period 150～180d，And in mass fraction，Soil with organic matter content is 2～3%，Full nitrogen is 0.10～0.15%，Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 90～120mg/kg，Rapid available phosphorus is 10～20mg/kg，Available potassium is the sand loam of 100～150mg/kg，Aconitum carmichjaelii Debx. (Aconitumcarmichaeli) was not planted in the first three years，Preceding crop is Semen Phaseoli Vulgaris、Rhizoma Solani tuber osi、Radix Et Rhizoma Fagopyri Tatarici or Brassica campestris L；
(2) wholely: after preceding crop is gathered in the crops, ted soil, apply fertilizer 22500～30000kg/hm2, in mass fraction, the content of organic matter >=30% in described fertilizer, the wide 100～120cm of bedding, the high 12～15cm of furrow, furrow width 25～30cm；
(3) sowing: mid-November to early December is sowed, selection is excavated then, is that 30～40g, obconic Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber are as propagating materials without pest and disease damage, weight, before sowing, by selected Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber 500 times of immersion bubble 2～3h of 75% Bravo wettable powder, after drying transepidermal water, open cave by 30 × 25cm specification, deep 10cm～the 15cm in cave, every cave plantation 1 described Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow tuber, bud mouth upwards, earthing 3～5cm；
(4) field management:
1. first time topdresses, and 20～30d after emerging imposes the cake fertilizer 750kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, execute carbamide 225～450kg/hm that N content is 46% mass fraction simultaneously2；
2. second time is topdressed, in next year that step (3) is sowed late June～early July carries out, and executes the cake fertilizer 1500～2250kg/hm that becomes thoroughly decomposed2, sealing fertilizer 300～600kg/hm simultaneously2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15；
3. third time is topdressed, in next year that step (3) is sowed late August～early September carries out, sealing fertilizer 300～600kg/hm2, N:P in described compound fertilizer2O5:K2The mass ratio of O is 15:15:15；
4. the next year 8～JIUYUE sowed in step (3), during Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow squaring period, carries out 2～3 pinching bud picking to side shoot；
(5) seed collection: the mature seed of Radix Arnebiae (Radix Lithospermi) crow of gathering late September next year to the mid-October that step (3) is sowed.
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| CN106134913A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2016-11-23 | 维西腾云中药材种养殖有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii |
| CN106358654A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 北京华邈中药工程技术开发中心 | Method for improving stability of content of drug effective ingredients in aconitum kusnezoff radices |
| CN106560024A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-04-12 | 丽江十邦生物工程有限责任公司 | Rapid breeding method of aconitum carmichaeli debx |
| CN109566314A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of high-yield culture technique blocking monkshood reproductive growth |
| CN111066411A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 贵州金草海药材发展有限公司 | Peucedanum praeruptorum seed selection method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106560024A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-04-12 | 丽江十邦生物工程有限责任公司 | Rapid breeding method of aconitum carmichaeli debx |
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| CN109566314A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-05 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | A kind of high-yield culture technique blocking monkshood reproductive growth |
| CN109566314B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-03-30 | 云南省农业科学院高山经济植物研究所 | High-yield cultivation method for blocking reproductive growth of monkshood |
| CN111066411A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-28 | 贵州金草海药材发展有限公司 | Peucedanum praeruptorum seed selection method |
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