CN105684685A - A pueraria cultivation method - Google Patents

A pueraria cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105684685A
CN105684685A CN201510914001.1A CN201510914001A CN105684685A CN 105684685 A CN105684685 A CN 105684685A CN 201510914001 A CN201510914001 A CN 201510914001A CN 105684685 A CN105684685 A CN 105684685A
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soil
pothole
pueraria
nutrient
ridge
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冯明科
魏福伦
杨大财
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Xishui Huataige Industry Farmer's Specialized Cooperatives
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Xishui Huataige Industry Farmer's Specialized Cooperatives
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00Calcareous fertilisers
    • C05D3/02Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a pueraria cultivation method in the technical field of crop cultivation. The method comprises a first step of nutrient soil preparation, which comprises the substeps of taking soil, sieving the soil with an 80-mesh sieve to obtain fine soil, adding water and farm manure in the fine soil for mixing; mixing nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium compound fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer and the mixed soil at a weight ratio of 1:2:100 and allowing normal temperature fermentation; a second step of seedling culture, which comprises the substeps of placing the nutrient soil in nutrient cups with a diameter of 8-10cm and a height of 12-16cm and inserting pueraria in the nutrient soil; a third step of soil preparation, which comprises the substeps of placing fine soil in black convenience bags of 40cm and placing the convenience bags on the places, other than holes, of ridge surfaces, with the openings facing downward; a fourth step of transplanting; a fifth step of field management; a sixth step of harvesting. The pueraria cultivation method integrally has the beneficial technical effects of short cultivation time, high yield and zero pollution and is close to natural growth; in the cultivation process, the times of watering and fertilizing are reduced and the time cost and the manpower cost input for management are reduced.

Description

The cultural method of Radix Puerariae
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, be specifically related to the cultural method of Radix Puerariae。
Background technology
Radix Puerariae has another name called Pachyrhizua angulatus, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. rattan is that pulse family fabric Pueraria lobata belongs to, Radix Puerariae rich in starch, isoflavone like substance, and trace element necessary to more than the ten kind of human body such as calcium, selenium, ferrum, copper, phosphorus, potassium, have effects such as " disconnected paddy are not hungry; induces sweat and brings down a fever; promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, and whetting the appetite treats hemorrhoid; anti-cancer ", be emerging Green healthcare longevity food。Radix Puerariae whole body is all precious, and peel of stem fiber can twist rope, knits ko-hemp cloth, also paper making raw material can be made, blade is excellent greenfeed, and can feed pigs foster rabbit etc., and Pueraria lobota is assorted makes edible fungus culturing, tuber rich in starch etc., health food can be processed into, it is possible to making pueraria wine, Flos puerariae lobatae can be made into Pueravia flower tea and relieves the effect of alcohol, effect is magical, has breast enlargement, cosmetic result。
The cultivation of Radix Puerariae requires that soil depth reaches more than 80 centimetres, and selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and well-drained humus soil or sand loam。By north-south before cultivation, line-spacing 1.0~1.1 meters excavation plantation ditch, ditch depth 50~60 centimetres, furrow width 50~60 centimetres, and use sufficient base fertilizer wherein。In the course of cultivation, it is necessary to weeding, water conservation prevent fertilizer loss, improve the measures such as ground temperature to improve yield, also need to reduce production cost simultaneously。But at present frequently with Radix Puerariae planting technology Radix Puerariae high yield and low cost can not be made to put into get both。
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of Radix Puerariae yield that improves, and reduce the cultural method of the Radix Puerariae of industry cost。
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides technical scheme: the cultural method of Radix Puerariae, comprises the following steps:
Prepared by step one, Nutrition Soil: taking soil, sieve took the fine earth of 80 mesh sieves, admixes water and farmers''s excrement, fully mix thoroughly to not dripping in fine earth, prepared composite soil, and wherein the part by weight of fine earth and farmers''s excrement is 1:1;Then normal temperature fermentation 5~7 days after nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and composite soil being mixed with the ratio of weight ratio 1:2:100, prepares the Nutrition Soil of PH6~8;
Step 2, nursery:
1) Pueraria lobata of length 12~15cm is prepared;
2) seedbed is made;
3) dress cup: adopting diameter 8~10cm, the nutrient cup of height 12~16cm, load Nutrition Soil, then insert in Nutrition Soil by Pueraria lobata in nutrient cup, insertion depth is the 3/4 of Pueraria lobata length;Again nutrient cup is placed on seedbed;Watering in nutrient cup final singling, and cover the thick soil of 1~1.5cm, ledge transparent plastic film on surface, seedbed, the spacing keeping thin film peak and seedbed is 50~60cm;
4) cultivate management: when the bud of axillalry bud grows to 10~30 centimeters more than 2/3, select the weather of temperature more than 15 degree, open wide thin film and can emerge after 5~7 days, can be prepared by Ge Miao;
Step 3, whole:
1) selection of land, whole, basal dressing: selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and the not humus soil of hydrops or sand loam, removes weeds, stone, then deep ploughs to 30~40cm, by south-north direction ridging, apply base manure, mu basal dressing 1500~2500kg in face, ridge;
2) overlay film, digs pothole: covering black agricultural membrane on the surface on ridge, then dig pothole in face, ridge, pothole spacing is 40~80cm;Before digging pothole, the agricultural film digging pothole place is being scratched;
3) soil dress bag: use black convenient bag, loads fine earth in bag, then the opening down of convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;
Step 4, transplanting: during 3~April, apply Nutrition Soil in pothole, by Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings to pothole and with fine earth covering, waters;
Step 5, field management: it is whole climing that hanging branch draws rattan, beta pruning;3~4 secondary growth foliage fertilizers are imposed, once in a week during seedling, seedling;Enter after the phase of expansion, impose and expand foliage fertilizer;
Step 6, gather: plant December then and gather in 1~February of next year。
The beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention: Nutrition Soil prepared by the present invention program is provided that the nutrient that Radix Puerariae growth is required, seedling is made to grow up healthy and strong, lay the first stone for improving survival rate height after transplanting, the Nutrition Soil PH prepared is maintained in 6~8 scopes, for being conducive to Pueraria lobata to root, it is to avoid soil property peracid or cross alkali and corrode Pueraria lobata。After using black convenient bag to load fine earth in scheme, opening down by convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;Purpose is the principle utilizing black to absorb heat, and face, ridge is played the effect of insulation, and by the opening down placement of convenient bag, on the one hand in order to keep face, ridge moisture, it is to avoid water loss, thus reducing the number of times of moisturizing of watering;On the other hand, ridge face length grass can be prevented, reduce weeds and strive fertile phenomenon。It is short that the inventive method entirety has planting time, and yield is high, nuisanceless, close to the Advantageous Effects of naturalization, and the number of times minimizing watered in cultivation, apply fertilizer, put into time cost and the human cost of management in reduction。
Further, described base manure includes component and composition weight number be: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 part, Brassica campestris L cake 1 part and quick lime 1 part。Use this base manure can increase soil porousness, be beneficial to the growth of Ge Miao, after Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings, Radix Puerariae growth more flourishing, thus the effect of increasing production of Radix Puerariae is more preferably。
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Embodiment 1
The cultural method of Radix Puerariae, comprises the following steps:
Prepared by step one, Nutrition Soil: taking soil, sieve took the fine earth of 80 mesh sieves, admixes water and farmers''s excrement, fully mix thoroughly to not dripping in fine earth, prepared composite soil, and wherein the weight of fine earth and farmers''s excrement is respectively 100kg;Then after mixing with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, phosphate fertilizer 10kg and composite soil 500kg, normal temperature fermentation 5 days, prepares the Nutrition Soil of PH6~8;
The preparation of base manure: component and composition weight number that base manure includes be: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100kg, Brassica campestris L cake 100kg and quick lime 100kg, mix homogeneously;
Step 2, nursery:
1) Pueraria lobata of length 12cm is prepared;
2) making seedbed: determine seedbed width according to the thin-film width purchased, generally than thin-film width few 70 80 centimeters, face, railway carriage or compartment requires smooth, in order to place nutrient cup, and thin film covers and requires in the middle part of camber to be higher than 50 60 centimeters;
3) dress cup: adopting diameter 8cm, the nutrient cup of height 12cm, load Nutrition Soil, then insert in Nutrition Soil by Pueraria lobata in nutrient cup, insertion depth is 9cm;Again nutrient cup is placed on seedbed;Watering in nutrient cup final singling, and cover the thick soil of 1~1.5cm, ledge transparent plastic film on surface, seedbed, the spacing keeping thin film peak and seedbed is 50cm;
4) cultivate management: when the bud of axillalry bud grows to 10~30 centimeters more than 2/3, select the weather of temperature more than 15 degree, open wide thin film and can emerge after 5 days, can be prepared by Ge Miao;
Step 3, whole:
1) selection of land, whole, basal dressing: selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and the not humus soil of hydrops or sand loam, removes weeds, stone, then deep ploughs to 30~40cm, by south-north direction ridging, apply base manure, mu basal dressing 1500kg in face, ridge;
2) overlay film, digs pothole: covering black agricultural membrane on the surface on ridge, then dig pothole in face, ridge, pothole spacing is 40cm;Before digging pothole, the agricultural film digging pothole place is being scratched;
3) soil dress bag: use black convenient bag, loads fine earth in bag, then the opening down of convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;
Step 4, transplanting: during 3~April, apply Nutrition Soil in pothole, by Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings to pothole and with fine earth covering, waters;
Step 5, field management: it is whole climing that hanging branch draws rattan, beta pruning;3 secondary growth foliage fertilizers are imposed, once in a week during seedling, seedling;Enter after the phase of expansion, impose and expand foliage fertilizer;
Step 6, gather: plant December then and gather in 1~February of next year。
Embodiment 2:
The cultural method of Radix Puerariae, comprises the following steps:
Prepared by step one, Nutrition Soil: taking soil, sieve took the fine earth of 80 mesh sieves, admixes water and farmers''s excrement, fully mix thoroughly to not dripping in fine earth, prepared composite soil, and wherein the weight of fine earth and farmers''s excrement is respectively 100kg;Then after mixing with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, phosphate fertilizer 10kg and composite soil 500kg, normal temperature fermentation 5 days, prepares the Nutrition Soil of PH6~8;
The preparation of base manure: component and composition weight number that base manure includes be: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100kg, Brassica campestris L cake 100kg and quick lime 100kg, mix homogeneously;
Step 2, nursery:
1) Pueraria lobata of length 13cm is prepared;
2) making seedbed: determine seedbed width according to the thin-film width purchased, generally than thin-film width few 70 80 centimeters, face, railway carriage or compartment requires smooth, in order to place nutrient cup, and thin film covers and requires in the middle part of camber to be higher than 50 60 centimeters;
3) dress cup: adopting diameter 10cm, the nutrient cup of height 16cm, load Nutrition Soil, then insert in Nutrition Soil by Pueraria lobata in nutrient cup, insertion depth is 9.8cm;Again nutrient cup is placed on seedbed;Watering in nutrient cup final singling, and cover the thick soil of 1~1.5cm, ledge transparent plastic film on surface, seedbed, the spacing keeping thin film peak and seedbed is 60cm;
4) cultivate management: when the bud of axillalry bud grows to 10~30 centimeters more than 2/3, select the weather of temperature more than 15 degree, open wide thin film and can emerge after 5~7 days, can be prepared by Ge Miao;
Step 3, whole:
1) selection of land, whole, basal dressing: selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and the not humus soil of hydrops or sand loam, removes weeds, stone, then deep ploughs to 30~40cm, by south-north direction ridging, apply base manure, mu basal dressing 2000kg in face, ridge;
2) overlay film, digs pothole: covering black agricultural membrane on the surface on ridge, then dig pothole in face, ridge, pothole spacing is 60cm;Before digging pothole, the agricultural film digging pothole place is being scratched;
3) soil dress bag: use black convenient bag, loads fine earth in bag, then the opening down of convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;
Step 4, transplanting: during 3~April, apply Nutrition Soil in pothole, by Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings to pothole and with fine earth covering, waters;
Step 5, field management: it is whole climing that hanging branch draws rattan, beta pruning;3~4 secondary growth foliage fertilizers are imposed, once in a week during seedling, seedling;Enter after the phase of expansion, impose and expand foliage fertilizer;
Step 6, gather: plant December then and gather in 1~February of next year。
Embodiment 3:
The cultural method of Radix Puerariae, comprises the following steps:
Prepared by step one, Nutrition Soil: taking soil, sieve took the fine earth of 80 mesh sieves, admixes water and farmers''s excrement, fully mix thoroughly to not dripping in fine earth, prepared composite soil, and wherein the weight of fine earth and farmers''s excrement is respectively 100kg;Then after mixing with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 5kg, phosphate fertilizer 10kg and composite soil 500kg, normal temperature fermentation 5 days, prepares the Nutrition Soil of PH6~8;
The preparation of base manure: component and composition weight number that base manure includes be: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100kg, Brassica campestris L cake 100kg and quick lime 100kg, mix homogeneously;
Step 2, nursery:
1) Pueraria lobata of length 15cm is prepared;
2) making seedbed: determine seedbed width according to the thin-film width purchased, generally than thin-film width few 70 80 centimeters, face, railway carriage or compartment requires smooth, in order to place nutrient cup, and thin film covers and requires in the middle part of camber to be higher than 50 60 centimeters;
3) dress cup: adopting diameter 9cm, the nutrient cup of height 14cm, load Nutrition Soil, then insert in Nutrition Soil by Pueraria lobata in nutrient cup, insertion depth is 11cm;Again nutrient cup is placed on seedbed;Watering in nutrient cup final singling, and cover the thick soil of 1~1.5cm, ledge transparent plastic film on surface, seedbed, the spacing keeping thin film peak and seedbed is 55cm;
4) cultivate management: when the bud of axillalry bud grows to 10~30 centimeters more than 2/3, select the weather of temperature more than 15 degree, open wide thin film and can emerge after 5~7 days, can be prepared by Ge Miao;
Step 3, whole:
1) selection of land, whole, basal dressing: selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and the not humus soil of hydrops or sand loam, removes weeds, stone, then deep ploughs to 30~40cm, by south-north direction ridging, apply base manure, mu basal dressing 2500kg in face, ridge;
2) overlay film, digs pothole: covering black agricultural membrane on the surface on ridge, then dig pothole in face, ridge, pothole spacing is 80cm;Before digging pothole, the agricultural film digging pothole place is being scratched;
3) soil dress bag: use black convenient bag, loads fine earth in bag, then the opening down of convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;
Step 4, transplanting: during 3~April, apply Nutrition Soil in pothole, by Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings to pothole and with fine earth covering, waters;
Step 5, field management: it is whole climing that hanging branch draws rattan, beta pruning;3~4 secondary growth foliage fertilizers are imposed, once in a week during seedling, seedling;Enter after the phase of expansion, impose and expand foliage fertilizer;
Step 6, gather: plant December then and gather in 1~February of next year。
Comparative example:
It is distinctive in that with embodiment 3: in step one, 1. deletes the preparation of base manure, with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer for base manure;2. Nutrition Soil is added without nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, only with composite soil for Nutrition Soil;
In step 2, the specification of nutrient cup is diameter 6cm, height 10cm;
In step 3, delete the 3rd) step。
Experiment:
Respectively cultivating 3 mu of Radix Puerariaes with the method for above three groups of embodiments and one group of comparative example, the per mu yield of record Radix Puerariae, result is in Table 1。
Table 1
By table 1 it can be seen that adopt the cultural method of Radix Puerariae provided by the invention, the unit per mu yield that the unit per mu yield of Radix Puerariae obtains apparently higher than comparative example method。
In actual production, cultivating Radix Puerariae according to prior art, being intended to improve Radix Puerariae yield then needs the number of times of the corresponding number of times strengthening fertilising and middle weeding, and the human cost and the time cost that so put into are huge, and yield is only capable of at most reaching about 1.5。Therefore the present invention program is compared to prior art, there is Radix Puerariae yield high, the Advantageous Effects that input cost is low。
For a person skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from present configuration, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these are all without affecting effect of the invention process and practical applicability。

Claims (2)

1. the cultural method of Radix Puerariae, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
Prepared by step one, Nutrition Soil: taking soil, sieve took the fine earth of 80 mesh sieves, admixes water and farmers''s excrement, fully mix thoroughly to not dripping in fine earth, prepared composite soil, and wherein the part by weight of fine earth and farmers''s excrement is 1:1;Then normal temperature fermentation 5~7 days after nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and composite soil being mixed with the ratio of weight ratio 1:2:100, prepares the Nutrition Soil of PH6~8;
Step 2, nursery:
1) Pueraria lobata of length 12~15cm is prepared;
2) seedbed is made;
3) dress cup: adopting diameter 8~10cm, the nutrient cup of height 12~16cm, load Nutrition Soil, then insert in Nutrition Soil by Pueraria lobata in nutrient cup, insertion depth is the 3/4 of Pueraria lobata length;Again nutrient cup is placed on seedbed;Watering in nutrient cup final singling, and cover the thick soil of 1~1.5cm, ledge transparent plastic film on surface, seedbed, the spacing keeping thin film peak and seedbed is 50~60cm;
4) cultivate management: when the bud of axillalry bud grows to 10~30 centimeters more than 2/3, select the weather of temperature more than 15 degree, open wide thin film and can emerge after 5~7 days, can be prepared by Ge Miao;
Step 3, whole:
1) selection of land, whole, basal dressing: selecting soil pH value is 6~8 and the not humus soil of hydrops or sand loam, removes weeds, stone, then deep ploughs to 30~40cm, by south-north direction ridging, apply base manure, mu basal dressing 1500~2500kg in face, ridge;
2) overlay film, dig pothole: ridge surface cover black agricultural membrane, then dig pothole in face, ridge, pothole spacing is 40~80cm;Before digging pothole, the agricultural film digging pothole place is being scratched;
3) soil dress bag: use 40cm black convenient bag, loads fine earth in bag, then the opening down of convenient bag is placed on place except pothole, the face, ridge;
Step 4, transplanting: during 3~April, apply Nutrition Soil in pothole, by Pueraria lobota transplantation of seedlings to pothole and with fine earth covering, waters;
Step 5, field management: it is whole climing that hanging branch draws rattan, beta pruning;3~4 secondary growth foliage fertilizers are imposed, once in a week during seedling, seedling;Enter after the phase of expansion, impose and expand foliage fertilizer;
Step 6, gather: plant December then and gather in 1~February of next year。
2. the cultural method of Radix Puerariae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: component and the parts by weight thereof of the base manure in described whole ground step 2 are: nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 part, Brassica campestris L cake 1 part and quick lime 1 part。
CN201510914001.1A 2015-12-12 2015-12-12 A pueraria cultivation method Pending CN105684685A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107409665A (en) * 2017-03-31 2017-12-01 安徽胜华农业发展有限公司 A kind of method of the field planting root of kudzu vine
CN107409712A (en) * 2017-08-14 2017-12-01 仁怀市春华秋实科技有限公司 Root of kudzu vine implantation methods
CN107926546A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-04-20 重庆田益种子有限公司 Waxy corn implantation methods
CN113243156A (en) * 2021-06-19 2021-08-13 江西省红壤研究所 Method for repairing farmland heavily polluted by cadmium by using radix puerariae

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