CN101897294B - Seed selection method for sweet potato seedling of two generators in one year - Google Patents
Seed selection method for sweet potato seedling of two generators in one year Download PDFInfo
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- CN101897294B CN101897294B CN2010102058244A CN201010205824A CN101897294B CN 101897294 B CN101897294 B CN 101897294B CN 2010102058244 A CN2010102058244 A CN 2010102058244A CN 201010205824 A CN201010205824 A CN 201010205824A CN 101897294 B CN101897294 B CN 101897294B
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Abstract
The invention relates to breeding of a sweet potato, in particular relating to a seed selection method for sweet potato seedling of two generators in one year, belonging to the crop breeding field. The method is implemented as follows: processing seeds by concentrated sulfuric acid, accelerating germination under the temperature of 25 DEG C, sowing the germinant seeds and emerging seedlings; pulling up the seedlings 30-45 days after growth of the seedlings, cutting off main roots, and transplanting in lands; and performing multi-place selection for two generations in one year, thus improving the breeding efficiency and shortening the breeding process of new varieties. In the invention, the seedlings are planted in a high density at the stage of the early generation and are massively eliminated in a short time, thus reducing workload. Multi-place selection for two generations in one year is realized when the seedlings are in early-generation selection, thus increasing selection accuracy, shortening breeding time, and saving time and labor by adopting the concentrated sulfuric acid to process the seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding of a kind of sweet potato, relate more specifically to the method for a kind of sweet potato seedling 1 year two generation seed selection, belong to the crop breeding field.
Background technology
Sweet potato is China's important food, feed, the raw material of industry and energy crop.Sweet potato is of many uses, and output is high, wide adaptability, and the China recent years area under cultivation is stabilized in about 5,500,000 hectares, and area under cultivation and gross output account for 65% and 86% of the world respectively.Nutrient sweet potato is abundant, contains the nutritions such as various vitamins, mineral matter of starch, protein and human body needs, and fat content is very low simultaneously, also contains other special health-care components, and human body is had important health care, so receives liking of people.
For many years, through the effort of Sweet Potato Breeding man, cultivated large quantities of sweet potato new varieties and on producing, used.But along with the variation of growth in the living standard and sweet potato purposes, the Sweet Potato Breeding target constantly changes, and this just requires the breeding work, and the person constantly cultivates the new varieties that accord with the demands of the market.
In the quite a long time from now on; The breeding of sweet potato will be main with conventional breeding; But conventional breeding is from induced flowering, pollination hybridization, seedling sowing, offspring's selection and evaluation, regional test, production test, variety certification to the end, and the time at least will be more than 7 years.Therefore how be the key that improves breeding efficiency shortening the breeding cycle.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the method for a kind of sweet potato seedling 1 year two generation seed selection, shortened the breeding time limit, improved breeding efficiency.
The method of sweet potato seedling of the present invention 1 year two generation seed selection, step is following:
(1) seed treatment: adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak the sweet potato seed, clean residual sulfuric acid;
(2) vernalization: place 25 ℃ of incubator vernalization;
(3) transplant: seeds germinated is sowed, emerged; Seedling growth 30～45 days pulls up, and cuts off main root, transplants to the land for growing field crops;
(4) screening for the first time: seedling, has dug after 50～60 days at grown in field, carries out seedling and screens for the first time;
(5) programmed screening: once screen again during the results of land for growing field crops.
Wherein treat to use when seedling grows three true leaves N fertilizer during said the emerging of step (3), during note weeding out the rank grass; After emerging, height of seedling reaches 15～20cm, is with 5～6 leaves, can seedling be uprooped, and transplants after cutting off main root;
Seedling is transplanted to the land for growing field crops, treats that seedling becomes to live, and carries out pinching, promotes branch; Execute seed manure simultaneously, after one month, use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK;
Cover the bow member film during sowing or in the steel pipe booth, sow;
Add water during the vernalization and keep moistening;
Plant during the said screening first time will be selected is pressed the parental combination numbering, and the potato rattan is cut into the seedling that can plant, and to each pilot plantation, every strain is that every pilot is planted three strains.
The method that this method adopts the concentrated sulfuric acid to handle is corroded hard kind skin, and replacement is raised the efficiency with the method that acupuncture or little graduating with cutter break in the seed coat.The concentrated sulfuric acid cleans residual sulfuric acid after handling, and clear water soaks, and places suitable temperature vernalization then, can obtain very high germination rate.Utilize in bow member film or the steel pipe booth, seed can be sowed in the 3-4 month in every year ahead of time, behind the seedling growth one and a half months, pulls up, and cuts off main root, to prevent the observation of main root knot potato influence to knot potato habit.Transplanting is to the land for growing field crops, and every mu of density can reach 10,000 strains, strengthens water and fertilizer management, grows after 50～60 days, has dug, and base area lower junction potato habit and overground part growing way appearance are carried out seedling and selected for the first time.The seedling of middle choosing, seedling is cut by each strain system, divides the plantation of a plurality of places, each dibbling three strain.Before July,, gather in the crops before the low temperature December as the autumn planting potato.Once screen again according to output, knot potato habit, quality etc. during results.Can carry out many place selection of two generations in such 1 year, and improve the efficient of breeding, shorten selecting process for new fuchsin.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention:
1, seedling is early for the stage high-density planting, and the short time eliminates in a large number, reduces workload.
When 2, realizing seedling early for selection, how 1 year two generation point selection, increases the selection accuracy, the shortening breeding time.
3, use the concentrated sulfuric acid and handle seed, but the time and labour saving.
4, germination rate reaches more than 98%.
Embodiment
1, seed treatment: elite seed, remove flat little hypogenetic seed, an amount of seed is placed culture dish, carefully pour 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into and soak, during stir with glass bar, all seeds evenly are dipped in the concentrated sulfuric acid.After 45 minutes, put on one's gloves, hold culture dish under tap, fill with the culture dish that is soaked with concentrated sulfuric acid seed with less current after, pour in the string bag that gauze makes careful flushing under tap immediately into.Clean up not residual sulfuric acid, seed is poured in the culture dish that is covered with one deck filter paper, add clear water and soaked 3 hours, outwell clear water then.
2, place 25 ℃ environment vernalization, during note to add low amounts of water and keep moistening, can obtain very high germination rate, germination rate reaches more than 98%.
3, before the sowing that the arrangement of furrow face soil is loose, surfacing.Available plank is pressed into dark about 3cm, the seed furrow of wide about 1cm, between ditch apart from about 3cm.When treating bud length 0.1～0.5cm, pick up seeds germinated, press the interval of 3cm, be seeded in the seed furrow, cover with sand again, after watering, cover the bow member film to improve environmental temperature with tweezers.Under the normal condition, can emerge in 2 days, emergence rate can reach 100%.
When 4, seedling grows three true leaves, can use little amount of N fertilizer.Note during this time weeding out the rank grass.
5, emerged back about one month, height of seedling can reach 15～20cm, is with 5～6 leaves, can seedling be uprooped, and transplants after cutting off main root.
The furrow face width of 6, transplanting can reach 1.2m, digs the cave plantation, and the plantation back is watered normal root water at once.
7, after seedling becomes to live, carry out pinching, promote branch.Execute seed manure simultaneously, execute urea 7kg for every mu, soaked watering executed.After one month, use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK, every mu of 25kg.
8, after 50～60 days, plant has been dug, observation place lower junction potato habit, output and overground part growing way with the plant in selecting, are pressed the parental combination numbering, and the potato rattan are cut into the seedling that can plant, assign to each pilot plantation, and every strain is that every pilot is planted three strains.
9, grown in field was gathered in the crops after 135 days.Screen again during results: underground part has been dug, arranged in the field, selectively cauline leaf amount of growth in top is big, branch amount is many, and the strain system that underground part piece root output is high, the potato skin is smooth, potato shape is good, the knot potato is neat carries out evaluation further.Can carry out many place selection of two generations in such 1 year, and improve the efficient of breeding, shorten selecting process for new fuchsin.
Claims (6)
1. the method for 1 year two generation of sweet potato seedling seed selection is characterized in that:
(1) seed treatment: adopt the concentrated sulfuric acid to soak the sweet potato seed, clean residual sulfuric acid afterwards; The said employing concentrated sulfuric acid soaks the sweet potato seed and refers to elite seed, removes flat little hypogenetic seed, and an amount of seed is placed culture dish, carefully pour 98% concentrated sulfuric acid into and soak, during stir with glass bar, make all seeds evenly be dipped in the concentrated sulfuric acid; After 45 minutes, put on one's gloves, hold culture dish under tap, fill with the culture dish that is soaked with concentrated sulfuric acid seed with less current after, pour in the string bag that gauze makes careful flushing under tap immediately into;
(2) vernalization: place 25 ℃ of incubator vernalization;
(3) transplant: seeds germinated is sowed, emerged; Seedling growth 30～45 days pulls up, and cuts off main root, transplants to the land for growing field crops;
(4) screening for the first time: seedling, has dug after 50～60 days at grown in field, carries out seedling and screens for the first time; The said screening first time is: observation place lower junction potato habit, output and overground part growing way, and with the plant in selecting, press the parental combination numbering, and the potato rattan is cut into the seedling that can plant, assign to each pilot plantation, every strain is that every pilot is planted three strains;
(5) programmed screening: once screen again during the results of land for growing field crops.
2. the method for 1 year two generation of sweet potato seedling according to claim 1 seed selection is characterized in that: treat to use when seedling grows three true leaves N fertilizer during said the emerging of step (3), during note weeding out the rank grass.
3. the method for 1 year two generation of sweet potato seedling according to claim 1 and 2 seed selection, it is characterized in that: after emerging, height of seedling reaches 15～20cm, is with 5～6 leaves, can seedling be uprooped, and transplants after cutting off main root.
4. the method for sweet potato seedling according to claim 11 year two generation seed selection, it is characterized in that: seedling is transplanted to the land for growing field crops, treats that seedling becomes to live, and carries out pinching, promotes branch; Execute seed manure simultaneously, after one month, use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK.
5. the method for 1 year two generation of sweet potato seedling according to claim 1 seed selection is characterized in that: cover the bow member film during the said sowing of step (3) or in the steel pipe booth, sow.
6. the method for sweet potato seedling according to claim 11 year two generation seed selection is characterized in that: add water during the vernalization and keep moistening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102058244A CN101897294B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Seed selection method for sweet potato seedling of two generators in one year |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102058244A CN101897294B (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2010-06-22 | Seed selection method for sweet potato seedling of two generators in one year |
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| CN101897294A CN101897294A (en) | 2010-12-01 |
| CN101897294B true CN101897294B (en) | 2012-04-11 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104969764B (en) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-09-15 | 江苏徐州甘薯研究中心 | A kind of method of sweet photo seed fast seedling growing |
| CN105766310B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-06-14 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of sweet photo seed nutritional bag seedling method |
| CN106717822A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 广东省生物工程研究所（广州甘蔗糖业研究所） | Cane seedlings autumn sowing spring planting breeding method |
| CN112021120A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-04 | 湛江市农业科学研究院（广东省（湛江）区域性农业试验中心） | Method for screening sweet potato fruit line |
| CN115152624A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-10-11 | 石家庄市农林科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method for new stress-resistant high-yield winter wheat variety |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101451119A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-06-10 | 南京师范大学 | Phytolacca americana seed quick-speed germination method and its application in aseptic seedlings culture |
| CN101518205A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2009-09-02 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Sundew asepsis seeding reproduction method |
| CN101637097A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2010-02-03 | 江苏大学 | Quick and high-efficiency cephalotaxus hainanensis seed germinating and high-quality seedling breeding method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101451119A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2009-06-10 | 南京师范大学 | Phytolacca americana seed quick-speed germination method and its application in aseptic seedlings culture |
| CN101518205A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2009-09-02 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Sundew asepsis seeding reproduction method |
| CN101637097A (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2010-02-03 | 江苏大学 | Quick and high-efficiency cephalotaxus hainanensis seed germinating and high-quality seedling breeding method |
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