CN105670551B - 采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105670551B
CN105670551B CN201610235047.5A CN201610235047A CN105670551B CN 105670551 B CN105670551 B CN 105670551B CN 201610235047 A CN201610235047 A CN 201610235047A CN 105670551 B CN105670551 B CN 105670551B
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CN105670551A (zh
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孙龙祥
吴忠其
王艳伟
邵海龙
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JIUSHENG FLOOR CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法。本发明通过胶黏剂将纤维条粘贴，压制而成的重组木芯板，重组木芯板的表面设有漆层，重组木芯板的侧面开设有侧榫和侧槽；所述的胶黏剂按重量份由下列原料制成：多异氰酸酯5‑20份，多元酸酐1‑10份，多元醇30‑50份，增塑剂20‑50份，催化剂0.02‑0.20份，消泡剂0.5‑3份，除水剂0.02‑0.20份，偶联剂0.02‑0.5份，抗氧化剂0.02‑0.20份。本发明可以有效地减少木材的浪费，节约木材资源，同时具有优越的经济效益。此外，本发明可有效地提高木地板的粘度和透光性，以及提高地板间的连接强度。

Description

采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法，属于木地板、特别是重组木地板的生产技术领域。
背景技术
随着经济快速发展，人民生活水平的逐步提高，木材的消耗进一步增加，造成了我国木质品价格的上涨，实木地板和以珍贵树种为木皮的多层实木地板价格节节攀升。为了缓解木地板市场的供需矛盾，也为了保护我国的珍贵树种，实现可持续发展，现在越来越多的地板行业者考虑在生产地板中充分利用木材，但是效果都不明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板及其制备方法。本发明可以有效地减少木材的浪费，节约木材资源，同时具有优越的经济效益。此外，本发明可有效地提高木地板的粘度和透光性，以及提高地板间的连接强度。
本发明的技术方案：一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板，通过胶黏剂将纤维条粘贴，压制而成的重组木芯板，重组木芯板的表面设有漆层，重组木芯板的侧面开设有侧榫和侧槽；所述的胶黏剂按重量份由下列原料制成：
多异氰酸酯5-20份，
多元酸酐1-10份，
多元醇30-50份，
增塑剂20-50份，
催化剂0.02-0.20份，
消泡剂0.5-3份，
除水剂0.02-0.20份，
偶联剂0.02-0.5份，
抗氧化剂0.02-0.20份。
上述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的胶黏剂按重量份由下列原料制成：
多异氰酸酯10-15份，
多元酸酐3-8份，
多元醇30-40份，
增塑剂30-50份，
催化剂0.1-0.2份，
消泡剂1-2份，
除水剂0.1-0.2份，
偶联剂0.1-0.5份，
抗氧化剂0.05-0.1份。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的多异氰酸酯选自4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯或多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的多元酸酐选自均苯四酸二酐、3,3′,4,4′-二苯甲酮四酸二酐、3,3′,4,4′-联苯基四酸二酐、3,3′,4,4′-二苯醚四酸二酐或3,3′,4,4′-联苯基砜四羧酸二酐中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的多元醇选自平均分子量在1000-4000的聚四氢呋喃二醇、聚氧化丙烯二醇、四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇、聚三亚甲基醚二醇、聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的增塑剂选自邻苯二甲酸酯类、对苯二甲酸酯类、苯多酸酯类中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的催化剂选自三乙醇胺、三亚乙基二胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡、Dabco33-LV或环烷酸锌中的一种或几种；所述的消泡剂选自DF-520、DF-530、DF-899、DF-834、二甲基硅油中的一种或几种；所述的除水剂选自原甲酸三乙酯、对甲基苯磺酰异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的偶联剂选自γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷或γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种；所述的抗氧化剂选自三甘醇双-[3-(3-叔丁基-4-羟基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯]、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸十八碳酸酯、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯丙酸异辛酯中的一种或几种。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板中，所述的胶粘剂的制备方法依次包括以下步骤：
1)多元醇脱水：按照重量比称取多元醇投入反应釜中，搅拌并加热至80-100℃，抽真空脱水处理3-4小时，再冷却至室温；
2)组合料配制：再加入消泡剂和多元酸酐，搅拌均匀，得到组合料；
3)预聚体制备：向组合料中加入多异氰酸酯，搅拌并加热至80-90℃，恒温反应至无气泡产生后再继续反应2-3小时，制得含有聚酰亚胺的预聚体；
4)胶黏剂制备：将增塑剂、除水剂加入预聚体中，在真空条件下搅拌1-2小时；随后向混合体系中加入抗氧化剂、偶联剂和催化剂，在真空条件下继续搅拌3小时；最后得到聚酰亚胺改性的聚氨酯胶黏剂。
前述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板的制备方法，具体包括以下步骤；
a、将木料去皮后，通过设备进行疏解得到束状纤维条，对束状纤维条进行干燥；
b、将胶粘剂倒入热压模具中，再倒入束状纤维条进行搅拌，浸胶30分钟；
c、对热压模具中的物料进行热压，固化，得到重组木芯板；
d、在重组木芯板上涂敷漆层，并在两侧开榫槽，得到成品。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用速生木、不规则木料、甚至是边料废料加工得到纤维束，再通过粘贴、热压得到重组木板，从而有效地减少了木材的浪费，节约木材资源，同时具有优越的经济效益。此外，本发明对胶粘剂的配方作了改进，本发明的胶黏剂通过合理的组分和配比，将聚酰亚胺链段引入到聚氨酯胶黏剂中，有效改善了聚氨酯胶黏剂的耐高温性能，拓宽了聚氨酯胶黏剂的使用温域。同时，本发明不但能够有效调控胶黏剂中聚酰亚胺的含量，而且大大简化了采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的木地板的制备工艺，降低了采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的木地板的生产成本，为高性能聚氨酯胶黏剂的工业化生产及其在国民工业中的广泛应用起到了积极的推动作用。此外，本发明还提供了一种聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法以及采用该胶黏剂的木地板的热处理方法。所述方法在聚氨酯预聚过程中直接加入多元酸酐固体粉末，依靠异氰酸酯基与多元酸酐间的反应形成聚酰亚胺，一步实现聚酰亚胺的生成与引入工作，大大简化了采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的木地板的制备技术，同能够有效控制胶黏剂中聚酰亚胺含量。由于本发明的胶黏剂作了改进，从而大大地提高力学性能，在粘度、抗压强度、抗拉强度、抗渗压力等方面，均具有优越的效果，而且环境适应性好，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板，通过胶黏剂将纤维条粘贴，压制而成的重组木芯板，重组木芯板的表面设有漆层，重组木芯板的侧面开设有侧榫和侧槽，所述的胶黏剂由下列重量份的原料制成：聚四氢呋喃二醇(分子量2000)40份、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯8.7份、均苯四酸二酐2.2份、二甲基硅油为0.8份、三亚乙基二胺为0.06份、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯20份、对甲基苯磺酰异氰酸酯0.05份、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷0.05份、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸十八碳酸酯0.05份。
具体制备步骤为：
1)称取400g分子量为2000的聚四氢呋喃二醇投入到1L的反应釜中，搅拌并加热至100℃，抽真空脱水处理4小时；
2)向经脱水处理后冷却至室温的聚四氢呋喃二醇中依次投入8g二甲基硅油和22g均苯四酸二酐，机械搅拌均匀；
3)向上述混合料中加入87g4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯，搅拌并加热至90℃，恒温反应至无气泡产生后再继续反应2小时，制得含有聚酰亚胺的预聚体；
4)向所制得的预聚体中依次加入邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯200g、对甲基苯磺酰异氰酸酯0.5g，在真空条件下搅拌2小时；随后向混合体系中加入三亚乙基二胺0.6g、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷0.5g、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸十八碳酸酯0.5g，在真空条件下继续搅拌3小时；最后得到采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板。
上述的重组木木制地板的生产方法，具体包括以下步骤；
a、将木料去皮后，通过设备进行疏解得到束状纤维条，对束状纤维条进行干燥；
b、将胶粘剂倒入热压模具中，再倒入束状纤维条进行搅拌，浸胶30分钟；
c、对热压模具中的物料进行热压，固化，得到重组木芯板；
d、在重组木芯板上涂敷漆层，并在两侧开榫槽，得到成品。
经测试本实例所制备的胶黏剂耐热温度可提高到180摄氏度左右。
采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板的热处理方法，规格坯料进窑，以每分钟1摄氏度的升温速率升温至130摄氏度，此时通入过热饱和水蒸气，将氧含量控制在2％，恒温一小时，再以每分钟1摄氏度的升温速率升温至200摄氏度，恒温2小时，以每分钟1摄氏度的降温速率降至130摄氏度，关闭过热饱和水蒸气，恒温半小时，以每分钟1摄氏度的降温速率降至80摄氏度，恒温1小时，关闭加热系统，自然冷却至40摄氏度，关机，出窑。
实施例2：一种采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板，通过胶黏剂将纤维条粘贴，压制而成的重组木芯板，重组木芯板的表面设有漆层，重组木芯板的侧面开设有侧榫和侧槽，所述的胶黏剂由下列重量份的原料制成：四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇(分子量3000)35份、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯12.2份、3,3′,4,4′-联苯基四酸二酐5份、二甲基硅油为1.6份、三亚乙基二胺为0.12份、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯35份、原甲酸三乙酯0.13份、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯丙酸异辛酯0.08份。
具体制备步骤为：
1)称取350g分子量为3000的四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇投入到2L的反应釜中，搅拌并加热至95℃，抽真空脱水处理4小时；
2)向经脱水处理后冷却至室温的四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇中依次投入16g二甲基硅油和50g3,3′,4,4′-联苯基四酸二酐，机械搅拌均匀；
3)向上述混合料中加入122g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，搅拌并加热至90℃，恒温反应至无气泡产生后再继续反应2小时，制得预聚体；
4)向所制得的预聚体中依次加入邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯350g、原甲酸三乙酯1.3g，在真空条件下搅拌2小时；随后向混合体系中加入三亚乙基二胺1.2g、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷3g、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯丙酸异辛酯0.8g，在真空条件下继续搅拌3小时；最后得到采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板。
上述的重组木木制地板的生产方法，具体包括以下步骤；
a、将木料去皮后，通过设备进行疏解得到束状纤维条，对束状纤维条进行干燥；
b、将胶粘剂倒入热压模具中，再倒入束状纤维条进行搅拌，浸胶30分钟；
c、对热压模具中的物料进行热压，固化，得到重组木芯板；
d、在重组木芯板上涂敷漆层，并在两侧开榫槽，得到成品。
经测试本实例所制备的胶黏剂耐热温度可提高到160摄氏度左右。
采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板的热处理方法，规格坯料进窑，以每分钟1摄氏度的升温速率升温至130摄氏度，此时通入过热饱和水蒸气，将氧含量控制在2％，恒温一小时，再以每分钟1摄氏度的升温速率升温至200摄氏度，恒温2小时，以每分钟1摄氏度的降温速率降至130摄氏度，关闭过热饱和水蒸气，恒温半小时，以每分钟1摄氏度的降温速率降至80摄氏度，恒温1小时，关闭加热系统，自然冷却至40摄氏度，关机，出窑。
实施例3：胶黏力综合性能试验。
剪切强度按GB7124-86测定；
剥离强度按GB/T7122-1996测定。
取实施例1和2的木地板，再取行业内常用的聚氨酯胶黏剂制备的木地板作为对比组，分室温固化24小时、3天和10天测定其剪切强度和剥离强度，见表1。
表1木地板粘接性试验
从表1可以看出，实施例1和实施例2在25℃环境下，剪切强度明显优于对比组，在150℃环境下剪切强度也大大优于对比组，效果非常显著。且实施例1和实施例2的剥离强度也大大优于对比组。由此可见，本发明不仅具有优越的粘贴性能，而且本发明有效改善了耐高温性能，拓宽了使用温域。

Claims (2)

1.采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板，其特征在于：通过胶黏剂将纤维条粘贴，压制而成的重组木芯板，重组木芯板的表面设有漆层，重组木芯板的侧面开设有侧榫和侧槽；所述的胶黏剂按重量份由下列原料制成：
分子量为 3000 的 四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇35份、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯12.2份、3,3′,4,4′-联苯基四酸二酐5份、二甲基硅油为1.6份、三亚乙基二胺为0.12份、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯35份、原甲酸三乙酯0.13份、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.3份、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯丙酸异辛酯0.08份；
所述的重组木板的制备方法为：
1)称取350g分子量为3000的四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇投入到2L的反应釜中，搅拌并加热至95℃，抽真空脱水处理4小时；
2)向经脱水处理后冷却至室温的四氢呋喃-氧化乙烯共聚二醇中依次投入16g二甲基硅油和50g3,3′,4,4′-联苯基四酸二酐，机械搅拌均匀；
3)向上述混合料中加入122g六亚甲基二异氰酸酯，搅拌并加热至90℃，恒温反应至无气泡产生后再继续反应2小时，制得预聚体；
4)向所制得的预聚体中依次加入邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯350g、原甲酸三乙酯1.3g，在真空条件下搅拌2小时；随后向混合体系中加入三亚乙基二胺1.2g、γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷3g、3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯丙酸异辛酯0.8g，在真空条件下继续搅拌3小时；最后得到采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的采用聚酰亚胺改性聚氨酯胶黏剂的重组木板的制备方法，其特征在于：具体包括以下步骤；
a、将木料去皮后，通过设备进行疏解得到束状纤维条，对束状纤维条进行干燥；
b、将胶粘剂倒入热压模具中，再倒入束状纤维条进行搅拌，浸胶30分钟；
c、对热压模具中的物料进行热压，固化，得到重组木芯板；
d、在重组木芯板上涂敷漆层，并在两侧开榫槽，得到成品。
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KR102017033B1 (ko) 2019-09-02
CN105670551A (zh) 2016-06-15

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