CN1056027C - 地面接收与卫星接收用电视调谐器 - Google Patents

地面接收与卫星接收用电视调谐器 Download PDF

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CN1056027C
CN1056027C CN94192344A CN94192344A CN1056027C CN 1056027 C CN1056027 C CN 1056027C CN 94192344 A CN94192344 A CN 94192344A CN 94192344 A CN94192344 A CN 94192344A CN 1056027 C CN1056027 C CN 1056027C
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维特·安布鲁斯特
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    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/4446—IF amplifier circuits specially adapted for B&W TV
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D3/00—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations
    • H03D3/02—Demodulation of angle-, frequency- or phase- modulated oscillations by detecting phase difference between two signals obtained from input signal
    • H03D3/24—Modifications of demodulators to reject or remove amplitude variations by means of locked-in oscillator circuits
    • H03D3/241—Modifications of demodulators to reject or remove amplitude variations by means of locked-in oscillator circuits the oscillator being part of a phase locked loop
    • H03D3/242—Modifications of demodulators to reject or remove amplitude variations by means of locked-in oscillator circuits the oscillator being part of a phase locked loop combined with means for controlling the frequency of a further oscillator, e.g. for negative frequency feedback or AFC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
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    • H03J1/0008—Details of adjusting, driving, indicating, or mechanical control arrangements for resonant circuits in general using a central processing unit, e.g. a microprocessor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04B7/18523—Satellite systems for providing broadcast service to terrestrial stations, i.e. broadcast satellite service
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6112—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving terrestrial transmission, e.g. DVB-T
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
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    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6143—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a satellite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/455—Demodulation-circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
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    • H03D1/22—Homodyne or synchrodyne circuits
    • H03D1/2245—Homodyne or synchrodyne circuits using two quadrature channels
    • H03D1/2254—Homodyne or synchrodyne circuits using two quadrature channels and a phase locked loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of demodulation or transference of modulation from one carrier to another covered by H03D
    • H03D2200/0041—Functional aspects of demodulators
    • H03D2200/0082—Quadrature arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
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Abstract

在地面电视接收中，一般来讲，首先将信号变换为第一中频，接着再变换为第二中频。在卫星电视接收中，由一个调频/锁相环解调器从卫星信号中提取基带信号，并转换为第一中频；一般使用两个分离的调谐器来实现上述目的。本发明的目的是创造出一种使用最少的电路，适合地面接收和卫星接收的通用调谐器。在地面电视接收中将第二混频级(M2)连通为一混频器以完成向第二中频的变换，而在卫星电视接收中它被连通为调频/锁相环解调器(30)的一部分。本发明特别合适于可选择接收地面天线信号及卫星天线信号录像机及电视接收机。

Description

地面接收与卫星接收用电视调谐器
本发明是关于电视调谐器的，在这样的调谐器中，对于地面接收，通常在第一混频级中做向第一中频的变换，在接下来的第二混频级中完成进一步的向第二中频的变换，接着该第二中频送给中频放大器。对卫星接收，在第一混频级其向中频的变换与地面接收中类似。然后获得的这个中频送入调频/锁相环解调器，其输出端提供卫星天线信号的基带信号。对于卫星接收及地面接收两种不同的功能，通常设置两个单独的调谐器。
本发明的目的是提供一种地面接收及卫星接收共用的调谐器，仅需很小的电路开销，并且使尽可能多的部件用于两种操作模式。通过使用权利要求1中详细描述的发明，可以达上述目的。本发明有益的发展在从属权利要求中描述。
本发明基于下述观点及知识。对地面接收双频率变换在第一混频级及第二混频级分别得到39.9MHz和33.4MHz的中频。对于卫星接收，仅第一级混频级做为频率变换器，这是因为卫星天线信号的基带信号是由中频载波获取的，其频率仅降低一次就直接进入锁相环解调器。在本发明情形下，第二混频级被用做卫星接收的锁相环解调器的一个部分，确切地是作为锁相环电路的相位比较级。在此情形下，第二混频级的混频振荡器，最好调谐至第一中频。第二混频级的两种用途，具体地说是在地面接收中作为第二混频级，在卫星接收中作为锁相环解调器的相位比较级导致电路开销的减小。这就形成一个调谐器，它能一样好接收传统地面无线的天线信号及卫星天线的无线信号。
最好，第二混频级的输出通过一切换开关与地面接收用的第二中频级的输入端相接，或者与卫星接收用的低通滤波器输入相接，该低通滤波器输出分别与第二混频级的混频振荡器的控制输入端及基带信号输出端子相连。在地面接收时，这种混频振荡器的控制输入端子通过切换开关与锁相环电路的输出相连，该锁相环电路由混频振荡器及I2C总线控制；在卫星接收时，该混频振荡器的控制输入与锁相电路的低通滤波器的输出相连。该调谐器最好有一个用于其频率已被降低的卫星天线信号的第一输入端，以及用于地面天线信号的第二输入端。两个输入端也可以合并成为一个输入端。信号合成例如可在天线附近进行从已经预先由地面天线和卫星无线的天线信号合并天线信号至此。该调谐器最好有一个用于地面天线信号的第二中频信号的第一输出端，及一个用于卫星天线信号的基带信号的第二输出端。
下面通过参考实施例的附图解释本发明。
图1示出本发明的地面接收及卫星接收共用的电视调谐器；
图2示出本发明电视调谐器的一种改进。
图1中，卫星接收抛物面天线1以11 GHz的量级提供信号，该信号在LNC低噪声变换器2中变至950-2050 MHz频率范围。该信号通过天线输入端子进入滤波器4，该滤波器已调谐至该频率范围。信号通过由AGC2控制的放大器5，与切换开关S2的第一输入端相接。地面天线6提供大约在45MHz至860MHz范围内的天线信号，信号接入天线输入端子7。输入端7与具有45-100 MHz(VHF)通频带的带通滤波器8相连；与具有170-230 MHz(UHF)的通频带的带通滤波器9相连；与具有大约为450 MHz的通频带的带通滤波器10相连；与具有470-800 MHz的通频带的带通滤波器11相连。切换开关S1用于选择带通滤波器8-11中的每一个的输出信号连至放大器12，该放大器由AGC1控制，其输出与切换开关S2的第二输入端相连。在开关S2的输出端，每个载波在第一混频级M1中变换成第一中频，其频率由混频振荡器13提供。第一中频信号提供给中频滤波器14。混频振荡器13由锁相环电路15控制，该锁相环电路由I2C总线上相应的调谐指令控制。第一中频通过带通滤波器14，经放大器16到第二混频级M2，混频振荡器17与之相连。在地面接收时，以与混频振荡器13相同方式，由锁相环路18控制混频振荡器17。该锁相环电路18也由I2C总线控制。第二混频级M2的输出通过切换开关S3，在一侧与带通滤波器19相接，并通过第二中频的中频放大器20连至第二中频的输出端子21；在S3开关的另一侧，通过积分器22与输出端子23相接。通过切换开关S4，混频振荡器17的控制输入可以选择与锁相环电路18的输出或与积分器22的输出相连。
本调谐器的操作方法下面讲述，先是地面接收，然后是卫星接收。切换开关S1-S4的实线标识的位置在本例中指示地面接收的情况，而虚线所示的位置表示卫星接收情况。天线6的地面接收
由混频级M1和M2来完成双频率变换。一侧的M1、13、15与另一侧的M2、17、18以类似方式操作。在此情形下，由S3及S4开关的位置导致积分器22没有作用。第二中频出现于输出端子21上，其视频载波频率为38.9 MHz，音频载波频率为33.4 MHz，并提供给进一步的信号处理。通过抛物面天线7的卫星接收
现在，混频级M2，积分器22和振荡器17形成锁相环电路，混频级M2的输出连接至积分器22的输入，积分器22的输出分别连接至混频级M2的混频振荡器17的控制输入及一个向外输出基带信号的端子23中。该锁相环电路由放大器16的输出信号同步，成为一个调频解调器。混频级M2在此情形中变为相位比较级；积分器22为低通滤波器或者说是滤波部件；振荡器17即是压控振荡器，通常叫做VCO，形成了该锁相环的三个主要部件，形成调频解调器。混频振荡器17的控制输入与积分器22的输出相连。积分器22的输出电压Ur作为振荡器17的频率控制电压，使振荡器17以放大器16输出的调频载波的频率振荡。因为载波由放大器16进行频率调制，在输出端23的Ur同时也代表基带信号，这包括视频信号、彩色副载波及多个声音载波。锁相环电路18不起作用，因为振荡器17的频率仅由Ur控制。在这种操作模式下，振荡器17被调谐至第一中频，即放大器16输出端载波静音频率。这样混频级M2不再起在地面接收时的混频作用，而是以优化方式形成调频锁相环解调器的一部分，该解调器由虚线框30所示。
开关SI-S4最好由开关二极管构成。在原理上讲，它们也可以设计为机械式触点开关，全部说明过的电路，除去滤波器本身可以设计成一个集成电路。
图2说明了本发明的一种发展。利用这样设计的电路，可以估计地面调制信号及通过卫星转送的数字调制信号的质量。为此目的，图1所示的电路加设90°相移电路40及混频器M3。由振荡器17输出一信号并通过90°移相器加至混频器M3。直接加到混频器M2的振荡信号同时加到混频器M3，只是相位移动90°。I和Q分量分别出现在混频器M3、M2的输出上。在数字调频的情况下，I分量及Q分量分别对应于一个矢量的实部与虚部，I对应虚部，Q对应于实部。数字调制信号矢量的虚部在混频级M3的输出中出现，数字调制信号矢量的实部在混频级M2的输出中出现。因此，在输出端I和Q上可获得数字信号。

Claims (8)

1.用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其中有用于向第一中频变换的第一混频级(M1)和用于向第二中频变换的第二混频级(M2)，其特征在于，当地面接收时，第二混频级连成一个混频器用于向第二中频变换；而当卫星接收时，第二混频级连成一个用于卫星信号调频/锁相环解调器(30)中的相位比较器。
2.如权利要求1所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，特征在于，当卫星接收时，第二混频级(M2)的混频振荡器(17)调谐成第一中频。
3.如权利要求1所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，对地面接收，第二混频级(M2)的输出通过切换开关(S3)连至第二中频级极(19，20)的输入；对于卫星接收，则连至积分器(22)的输入，积分器(22)的输出分别连接至第二混频级(M2)的混频振荡器(17)的控制输入及一个向外输出基带信号的端子(23)中。
4.如权利要求3所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，在地面接收时，混频振荡器(17)的控制输入通过切换开关(S4)接至锁相环电路(18)的输出中，该锁相环电路由混频振荡器(17)和I2C总线控制；在卫星接收时，混频振荡器(17)的控制输入与积分器(22)的输出相连。
5.权利要求1所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，该调谐器有一个第一输入端子(3)，用于接收已降频的卫星天线信号，和第二输入端子(7)，用于接收地面天线信号。
6.权利要求1所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，该调谐器有一个用于地面天线信号的第二中频输出的第一输出端子(21)；以及一个用于卫星天线信号的基带信号输出的第二输出端子(23)。
7.权利要求1所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，第二混频级(M2)的混频振荡器(17)，还通过90°移相器(40)与第三混频级(M3)的一个输入相连，第三混频(M3)另一个输入加有第二混频级(M2)的输入上的信号。
8.权利要求7所说的用于地面及卫星接收的电视调谐器，其特征在于，数字调制信号矢量的虚部在第三混频级(M3)的输出中出现，所说的数字调制信号矢量的实部在第二混频级(M2)的输出中出现。
CN94192344A 1993-06-03 1994-05-25 地面接收与卫星接收用电视调谐器 Expired - Fee Related CN1056027C (zh)

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HK72897A (en) 1997-06-06
ES2098959T3 (es) 1997-05-01
US5774194A (en) 1998-06-30
CN1125017A (zh) 1996-06-19
EP0701746B1 (de) 1997-03-12
DE59402086D1 (de) 1997-04-17
KR960702958A (ko) 1996-05-23
WO1994029949A1 (de) 1994-12-22
EP0701746A1 (de) 1996-03-20
KR100339318B1 (ko) 2002-11-18

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