CN105557111A - Rapid propagation method and planting method of salix chaenomeloides - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid propagation method of salix chaenomeloides. The rapid propagation method comprises: (1) selecting a seedling raising land: selecting a plateau tableland with a flat and wide terrain, a deep and thick soil layer and fertile soil; (2) collecting seed twigs: generally using 1-year to 2-years twigs as cutting woods, wherein the cutting slip specification is that the ear diameter is 1-2cm, and the length is 15-20cm; (3) making cutting slips: enabling a lower tangent plane of each cutting slip and each seed twig to define an included angle of 45 degrees, and an upper tangent plane to be perpendicular to the seed twig, and cutting a lower notch at a position 1-1.7cm above a bud eye, wherein the tangent planes are required to be smooth and fat; (4) bundling up the cutting slips: grading the made cutting slips according to the thickness of parts, wherein plain ends and oblique ends must not be put upside down, and every 100 cutting slips form a bundle; (5) processing the cutting slips: soaking the bundled-up cutting slips in clear water for 2-4 days before cutting; (6) carrying out a cutting technology: carrying out the cutting technology generally in spring, and cutting two rows along beds for each seedbed. According to the rapid propagation method, cutting is carried out by adopting a direct cutting method, i.e. during soil loosening, the cutting slips are directly cut into the seedbeds, and are taken and cut at any time. The rapid propagation method disclosed by the invention has significant advantages of rapid propagation and high survival rate.

Description

A kind of blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding and implantation methods thereof

Technical field:

The present invention relates to high quality tree species raising technology, particularly a kind of blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding and implantation methods thereof.

Background technology:

Endure water vegetation and submerged vegetation about the many employings of aquatic ecological restoration at present, wherein endure the more concern of water vegetation reed, cattail etc., and submerged plant many employings eel grass, snapdragon etc.Although these vegetation purification efficiencies are higher, providing for fish spawning place to there is natural defect, be therefore badly in need of a kind ofly can purifying water and the novel plant of spawning place being provided for fish.And blunt leaf gland willow just has this feature.

Blunt leaf gland Salix is in dungarunga sight color tree species.Blunt leaf gland willow rudiment power is strong, resistance to pruning; Strong to climatic adaptation ability, spring causes withered slightly phenomenon without physiological drought, and summer, blade was without burnt limit phenomenon, resistance to absolute low temperature-25 DEG C, and severe cold weather there will not be branch to freeze to death phenomenon.Blunt leaf gland Salix is set in color leaf, can Lu Sheng, can be aquatic.Can for a long time 1 meter of deepwater regions existence, root system presents redness, fibrous root can reach 80cm length, well developed root system can form stable biomembrane, not only has special root ornamental value, can also for fish, zoobenthos lays eggs provides microhabitat, possesses extremely strong removing pollutant ability simultaneously, except absorbing P elements, can also purify the pollutants such as full nitrogen and organic matter, it is had an optimistic view of in Environmental Protection Market application prospect; Be suitable for doing around lake, pond, the green tree species such as the shelter forest of two sides, river.

Because blunt leaf gland willow seedling-wood breeding is comparatively difficult; ripe cuttage technique also not relevant at present, Sterile culture method is difficult to realize batch and breeds, and the blunt leaf gland willow of Sterile culture is uneven of poor quality; how solving its rapid scale propagation technique, is the key that blunt leaf gland willow is applied.Meanwhile, quick field planting technology is also that blunt leaf gland willow can the key technology of extensive use.

Summary of the invention:

The object of the invention is to provide a kind ofly breeds fast and that survival rate is high one blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding and implantation methods thereof.

The technical scheme realizing the object of the invention is, a kind of blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding, it is characterized in that there are following steps: (1) nursery is selected: should select physical features smooth open, soil layer is deep, the plateau tableland of fertile soil, flood land, and tool irrigation conditions;

(2) method of soil preparation: after northern area soil is thawed (2 the end of month that south is generally annual), carry out wholely immediately, in conjunction with whole, every 667m2 executes farmyard manure 800 ~ 1500kg, apply appropriate superphosphate, composite fertilizer, the dregs of fat etc. simultaneously, and fertilizer is evenly sprinkled into earth's surface and ploughs deeply, then make bed.Bed surface specification is wide 80cm, high 15 ~ 25cm, bed spacing 20 ~ 35cm, a little more than edge of bed in bed, and cross section arch.Last whole fine earth earth, covering film, in order to cuttage;

(3) plant bar collection: generally with 1 ~ 2 year raw branch as cutting, preferably select annual stump bar, or annual germinating bar, after adopting bar, make cuttings immediately.Cuttings specification is: fringe footpath 1 ~ 2cm, long 15 ~ 20cm.Plant the gland willow that bar should be robust growth.Carry out adopting bar (when the north generally thaws at soil) in annual March;

(4) cuttings makes: under cuttings, tangent plane is 45o angle with planting bar, and upper edge is vertical with kind bar, 1 ~ 1.7cm place lower cut above eye.Tangent plane requires smooth;

(5) the tying up of cuttings: the cuttings of making, by position thickness grading, flat mouth, angle are forbidden to put upside down, and every 100 are bundled into a bundle;

(6) cuttings process: before cuttage, the cuttings of having tied is put into clear water leaching 2 ~ 4 days;

(7) cuttage technique: generally carry out in spring, each seedbed along bed cuttage two row, by the equidistant fixed point of gage.Adopt the cutting of straight cutting method, namely during loosing soil, cuttings is directly inserted seedbed, cuttings is with getting with inserting.Cutting density should be determined, general line-spacing 40 ~ 45cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm according to the object of cultivating nursery stock, is advisable with every 667m2 cuttage 4500 ~ 6000 strain.Cuttage angle, i.e. cuttings and ground inclination 30 ~ 45 degree, by cuttings to center, seedbed oblique cutting.The cuttage degree of depth should expose 2 ~ 3cm with cuttings top is advisable, and pushes down with the plastics of fine earth by cutting hole, in case burn rudiment;

(8) transplant: cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops in 20 ~ 100 days by cuttage, and waters permeable for it, shades 2 ~ 3 days, and Transplanting den-sity is 5000 ~ 10000 strains/hm2, thereafter Routine Management.

There are following steps: (1) selection and disinfecting: get the excellent branch preparation group training of blunt leaf gland willow large Tanaka, branch excellent for blunt leaf gland willow for subsequent use to be placed under room temperature water planting 7 days, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times, using the tender stem newly grown as brood body, then selected explant cuts into the long stem with bud of 1 ~ 2cm, through the alcohol disinfecting 40s of 70%, then sterilize 5 minutes with the mercuric chloride of 0.1%, finally use aseptic water washing 5 times;

(2) test-tube plantlet is cultivated: on superclean bench and under aseptic condition, brood body is cut off the wound location of contact sterilizing liquid, in the blake bottle staying 1 ~ 2cm stem with bud to be seeded in containing inducing culture, then being placed on common fluorescent lamp is under the environment of light source, and intensity of illumination is 1500 ~ 2000Lx, and every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, cultivates 15 days, grows up to the in vitro cuttings of 6 ~ 8cm;

(3) breed, culture of rootage: by the test-tube plantlet grown up to, cutting into length is the stem section of 1.5 ~ 2.0cm with 1 ~ 2 axillalry bud, be transferred in proliferated culture medium and carry out Multiplying culture, condition of culture is intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 2000Lx, every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, healthy and strong seedling of taking root can be obtained in this medium simultaneously, without the need to special strong seedling culture and culture of rootage stage, rooting rate is 100%, the one-period breeding rate of 20 days is 4 ~ 6 times, until transfer in conical plantation cup when reaching required breeding production scale,

Blunt leaf gland willow inducing culture used is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract 0.1mg6-benzyladenine, 0.05mg gibberellin, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein and 900mg active carbon; Proliferated culture medium is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract, 0.61mg6-benzyladenine, 0.04mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein and 900mg active carbon.

The present invention has the remarkable advantage that breeding is fast and survival rate is high compared with the prior art.

Embodiment:

Blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding:

(1) nursery is selected: should select physical features smooth open, soil layer is deep, the plateau tableland of fertile soil, flood land, and tool irrigation conditions.

(2) method of soil preparation: after northern area soil is thawed (2 the end of month that south is generally annual), carry out wholely immediately, in conjunction with whole, every 667m2 executes farmyard manure 800 ~ 1500kg, apply appropriate superphosphate, composite fertilizer, the dregs of fat etc. simultaneously, and fertilizer is evenly sprinkled into earth's surface and ploughs deeply, then make bed.Bed surface specification is wide 80cm, high 15 ~ 25cm, bed spacing 20 ~ 35cm, a little more than edge of bed in bed, and cross section arch.Last whole fine earth earth, covering film, in order to cuttage.

(3) plant bar collection: generally with 1 ~ 2 year raw branch as cutting, preferably select annual stump bar, or annual germinating bar, after adopting bar, make cuttings immediately.Cuttings specification is: fringe footpath 1 ~ 2cm, long 15 ~ 20cm.Plant the gland willow that bar should be robust growth.Carry out adopting bar (when the north generally thaws at soil) in annual March.

(4) cuttings makes: under cuttings, tangent plane is 45o angle with planting bar, and upper edge is vertical with kind bar, 1 ~ 1.7cm place lower cut above eye.Tangent plane requires smooth.

(5) the tying up of cuttings: the cuttings of making, by position thickness grading, flat mouth, angle are forbidden to put upside down, and every 100 are bundled into a bundle.

(6) cuttings process: before cuttage, the cuttings of having tied is put into clear water leaching 2 ~ 4 days.

(7) cuttage technique: generally carry out in spring (early or mid April).Each seedbed along bed cuttage two row, by the equidistant fixed point of gage.Adopt the cutting of straight cutting method, namely during loosing soil, cuttings is directly inserted seedbed, cuttings is with getting with inserting.Cutting density should be determined, general line-spacing 40 ~ 45cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm according to the object of cultivating nursery stock, is advisable with every 667m2 cuttage 4500 ~ 6000 strain.Cuttage angle, i.e. cuttings and ground inclination 30 ~ 45 degree, by cuttings to center, seedbed oblique cutting.The cuttage degree of depth should expose 2 ~ 3cm with cuttings top is advisable, and pushes down with the plastics of fine earth by cutting hole, in case burn rudiment.

(8) transplant: cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops in 20 ~ 100 days by cuttage, and waters permeable for it, shades 2 ~ 3 days, and Transplanting den-sity is 5000 ~ 10000 strains/hm2, thereafter Routine Management.

The implantation methods of blunt leaf gland willow:

(1) selection and disinfecting: be chosen at the branch preparation group training that blunt leaf gland willow that large Tanaka breeds is excellent, first disinfection: to be placed under room temperature water planting 7 days by selecting the excellent branch of blunt leaf gland willow, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times, using the tender stem newly grown as brood body, then selected numerous implant cuts into the long stem with bud of 1 ~ 2cm, through the alcohol disinfecting 40s of 70%, then sterilize 5 minutes with the mercuric chloride of 0.1%, finally use aseptic water washing 5 times.

(2) test-tube plantlet is cultivated: on superclean bench and under aseptic condition, brood body is cut off the wound location of contact sterilizing liquid, in the blake bottle staying 1 ~ 2cm stem with bud to be seeded in containing inducing culture, then being placed on common fluorescent lamp is under the environment of light source, and intensity of illumination is 1500 ~ 2000Lx, and every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, cultivates 15 days, brood body is cultivated into the in vitro cuttings of 6 ~ 8cm;

(3) breed, culture of rootage: the test-tube plantlet grown up to being cut into length is the stem section of 1.5 ~ 2.0cm with 1 ~ 2 axillalry bud, be transferred in proliferated culture medium and carry out Multiplying culture, condition of culture is intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 2000Lx, every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, healthy and strong seedling of taking root can be obtained in this medium simultaneously, without the need to special strong seedling culture and culture of rootage stage, rooting rate is 100%, the one-period breeding rate of 20 days is 4 ~ 6 times, until transfer to when reaching required breeding production scale in conical plantation cup.

Blunt leaf gland willow inducing culture used is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract 0.1mg6-benzyladenine, 0.05mg gibberellin, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein, 900mg active carbon; Proliferated culture medium is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract 0.61mg6-benzyladenine, 0.04mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein and 900mg active carbon.

In order to complete object of the present invention, the one that the present invention relates to blunt leaf gland willow planting technology, specific as follows:

In order to complete a kind of blunt leaf gland willow planting technology, first make conical plantation cup, conical plantation cup, base diameter is greater than top diameter, is convenient to Quick throwing and makes conical plantation cup be stabilized in matrix; Taper shape plants cup sealed bottom and box out for placing the blunt leaf gland Liu Miao bud after cuttage or group training in top.Conical plantation cup Material selec-tion non-woven fabrics, top diameter 8 ~ 12cm, base diameter 12 ~ 16cm.Field is planted employing fast and to be jettisoninged mode.

Blunt leaf gland willow plantlet in vitro transfers to the method in conical plantation cup, first the plant height after group training is reached 4 ~ 6cm, well developed root system and the regeneration plant uncork of mounted blade are cultivated and are carried out hardening in 2 days, take out test-tube plantlet, clean, be transplanted to containing peat, in the matrix of moisture soil and probiotic formulation, wherein volume ratio is 1:1:1, then sterile distilled water is irrigated, with covered rearing with plastic film taper shape plantation cup, keep temperature 20 ~ 30 DEG C, relative moisture 80% ~ 90%, suitably shade, cultivate more than 10 days, after launching completely to the young leaves grown, remove the plastic film of covering, obtain blunt leaf gland willow nursery stock.

Embodiment:

Case study on implementation 1 rapid cuttage breeding case

(1) nursery select: select in March, 2013 forest farm, Beijing physical features smooth open, soil layer is deep, the plot of fertile soil as nursery, and is furnished with irrigating facility.

(2) method of soil preparation: mid-March, soil to carry out wholely immediately after thawing, in conjunction with soil effort, every 667m2 executes farmyard manure 1200kg, applies appropriate superphosphate, composite fertilizer, the dregs of fat etc. simultaneously, and fertilizer is evenly sprinkled into earth's surface and ploughs deeply, and then makes bed.Bed surface specification is wide 80cm, high 18cm, bed spacing 25cm, higher than edge of bed 3cm in bed, and cross section arch.Last whole fine earth earth, covering film.

(3) bar collection is planted: adopt 2 years raw branches as cutting.Cuttings specification is: fringe footpath 2cm, long 18cm.Plant bar from Yangtze middle reaches somewhere.Bar is adopted at late March.

(4) cuttings makes: under cuttings, tangent plane is 45o angle with planting bar, and upper edge is vertical with kind bar, 15cm place lower cut above eye.

(5) cuttings process: before cuttage, the cuttings of having tied is put into clear water leaching 3 days.

(6) cuttage: carry out in early April.Each seedbed, along bed cuttage two row, adopts the cutting of straight cutting method.Cutting density every 667m2 cuttage 4550 strain.

Case study on implementation 2 Quick throwing planting technology effect assessment

Carry out Quick throwing at Beijing's shallow water swag (depth of water 30 ~ 50cm) in May, 2014 and plant the blunt leaf gland willow in taper shape plantation cup, observed through 5 months, find that Quick throwing planting technology can keep the good characteristic of blunt leaf gland willow female parent; Survival rate reaches more than 91%; Achieve the object that batch plants blunt leaf gland willow fast.

Claims (2)

1. a blunt leaf gland willow method for quickly breeding, is characterized in that there are following steps: (1) nursery is selected: should select physical features smooth open, soil layer is deep, the plateau tableland of fertile soil, flood land, and tool irrigation conditions;

(2) method of soil preparation: after northern area soil is thawed (2 the end of month that south is generally annual), carry out wholely immediately, in conjunction with whole, every 667m2 executes farmyard manure 800 ~ 1500kg, apply appropriate superphosphate, composite fertilizer, the dregs of fat etc. simultaneously, and fertilizer is evenly sprinkled into earth's surface and ploughs deeply, then make bed; Bed surface specification is wide 80cm, high 15 ~ 25cm, bed spacing 20 ~ 35cm, a little more than edge of bed in bed, and cross section arch; Last whole fine earth earth, covering film, in order to cuttage;

(3) plant bar collection: generally with 1 ~ 2 year raw branch as cutting, preferably select annual stump bar, or annual germinating bar, after adopting bar, make cuttings immediately; Cuttings specification is: fringe footpath 1 ~ 2cm, long 15 ~ 20cm; Plant the gland willow that bar should be robust growth; Carry out adopting bar (when the north generally thaws at soil) in annual March;

(4) cuttings makes: under cuttings, tangent plane is 45o angle with planting bar, and upper edge is vertical with kind bar, 1 ~ 1.7cm place lower cut above eye; Tangent plane requires smooth;

(5) the tying up of cuttings: the cuttings of making, by position thickness grading, flat mouth, angle are forbidden to put upside down, and every 100 are bundled into a bundle;

(6) cuttings process: before cuttage, the cuttings of having tied is put into clear water leaching 2 ~ 4 days;

(7) cuttage technique: generally carry out in spring, each seedbed along bed cuttage two row, by the equidistant fixed point of gage; Adopt the cutting of straight cutting method, namely during loosing soil, cuttings is directly inserted seedbed, cuttings is with getting with inserting; Cutting density should be determined, general line-spacing 40 ~ 45cm, spacing in the rows 25 ~ 30cm according to the object of cultivating nursery stock, is advisable with every 667m2 cuttage 4500 ~ 6000 strain; Cuttage angle, i.e. cuttings and ground inclination 30 ~ 45 degree, by cuttings to center, seedbed oblique cutting; The cuttage degree of depth should expose 2 ~ 3cm with cuttings top is advisable, and pushes down with the plastics of fine earth by cutting hole, in case burn rudiment;

(8) transplant: cuttage seeding is moved into land for growing field crops in 20 ~ 100 days by cuttage, and waters permeable for it, shades 2 ~ 3 days, and Transplanting den-sity is 5000 ~ 10000 strains/hm2, thereafter Routine Management.

2. the implantation methods of a blunt leaf gland willow, it is characterized in that there are following steps: (1) selection and disinfecting: get the excellent branch preparation group training of blunt leaf gland willow large Tanaka, branch excellent for blunt leaf gland willow for subsequent use to be placed under room temperature water planting 7 days, change water every day 2 ~ 3 times, using the tender stem newly grown as brood body, then selected explant cuts into the long stem with bud of 1 ~ 2cm, through the alcohol disinfecting 40s of 70%, sterilize 5 minutes with the mercuric chloride of 0.1% again, finally use aseptic water washing 5 times;

(2) test-tube plantlet is cultivated: on superclean bench and under aseptic condition, brood body is cut off the wound location of contact sterilizing liquid, in the blake bottle staying 1 ~ 2cm stem with bud to be seeded in containing inducing culture, then being placed on common fluorescent lamp is under the environment of light source, and intensity of illumination is 1500 ~ 2000Lx, and every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, cultivates 15 days, grows up to the in vitro cuttings of 6 ~ 8cm;

(3) breed, culture of rootage: by the test-tube plantlet grown up to, cutting into length is the stem section of 1.5 ~ 2.0cm with 1 ~ 2 axillalry bud, be transferred in proliferated culture medium and carry out Multiplying culture, condition of culture is intensity of illumination 1500 ~ 2000Lx, every day, light application time was 16 hours, temperature 26 ± 2 DEG C, relative moisture 65% ~ 75%, healthy and strong seedling of taking root can be obtained in this medium simultaneously, without the need to special strong seedling culture and culture of rootage stage, rooting rate is 100%, the one-period breeding rate of 20 days is 4 ~ 6 times, until transfer in conical plantation cup when reaching required breeding production scale,

Blunt leaf gland willow inducing culture used is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract 0.1mg6-benzyladenine, 0.05mg gibberellin, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein and 900mg active carbon; Proliferated culture medium is: often liter of agar medium adds beef extract, 0.61mg6-benzyladenine, 0.04mg methyl α-naphthyl acetate, 600mg acid hydrolyzed casein and 900mg active carbon.