CN105532409B - A method of planting dendrobium nobile in the tree - Google Patents

A method of planting dendrobium nobile in the tree Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105532409B
CN105532409B CN201610033673.6A CN201610033673A CN105532409B CN 105532409 B CN105532409 B CN 105532409B CN 201610033673 A CN201610033673 A CN 201610033673A CN 105532409 B CN105532409 B CN 105532409B
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dendrobium nobile
tree
water
seed
planting
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CN105532409A (en
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杨英
王成金
叶盈江
闵祥
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Pu'er Lvhai Biological Development Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods for planting dendrobium nobile in the tree, comprising the following steps: step (1) acquires fresh, mature dendrobium nobile seed pod, and sunning is removed dust, and rinsed well with tap water;After step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, with 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, aseptic water washing seed pod is then used, processing obtains the seed of powdery;The seed of powdery, sawdust, fermented and smashed sheep dung and water are stirred into binding by step (3);Binding is squeezed to smear and be filled in trunk gap and be planted by step (4), is squeezed and is promoted binding to be close to trunk gap with the suitable water of atomizers spray after smearing;Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 175~190 days, after germination 2~3 years, harvests dendrobium plant.The present invention makes full use of forest land forest Natural resources condition, saves planting cost, simple and easy to do, facilitates the advantage of management;Present invention sawdust and the sheep dung fermented do matrix, solve the problems, such as that dendrobium nobile germination needs and mycosymbiosis.

Description

A method of planting dendrobium nobile in the tree
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of growing dendrobium, more particularly to a kind of method for planting dendrobium nobile in the tree.
Background technique
Dendrobium nobile is traditional rare traditional Chinese medicine, belongs to orchid family (Orchidaceae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) micropredation Herbaceos perennial.It is a kind of rare rare Chinese medicine, is known as the title of " a thousand pieces of gold grass ", " human world mesona ", referred to as " in First of Hua Jiu great mesona ", " medicine circle giant panda " is known as by international medicinal plant circle.Its medicinal ingredient of dendrobium nobile is dendrobine, dendrobium nobile A variety of alkaloids such as amine.It is used as medicine with stem item, to pharyngolaryngitis, gastrointestinal disease, cataract, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and inhibition Tumour growth has significant curative effect.
Dendrobium nobile bloom it is more, can result only occupy the minority, fruit is capsule, and every fruit has seed 10-40 ten thousand, is planted careful such as powder Dirt, the development of seed embryo is no more than globular stage, and lacks endosperm tissue, and the germination percentage under natural conditions is extremely low.And seed The vine growth and development of sprouting is very slow, originally only one tiny green pearl, and photosynthesis area very little, rate of photosynthisis is low, It is very stringent to habitat conditions requirement, therefore sexual propagation is more difficult.
Current most widely used traditional cultivation method mainly has crop field greenhouse vegetative propagation technique and tree culture method.Crop field Greenhouse asexual reproduction method is costly, and the environment in greenhouse crop field is also easy to produce bacterium and fungoid illness.In addition, big using crop field For the dendrobium nobile that canopy asexual reproduction method kind goes out due to having lacked natural surroundings, product quality is low, and the perfume (or spice) of wild Dendrodium is lacked in mouthfeel Taste, product efficacy are greatly lowered.
Application No. is 201110342054.2 Chinese patent applications to disclose " a kind of tree culture method of dendrobium candidum ", should Invention is the following steps are included: the tree species that step (1) selects bark surface textured are the tree that grows nonparasitically upon another plant, iron sheet of the selection after training Dendrobium nobile seedling is seedling of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, and selects straw rope for tied rope;Step (2) grows nonparasitically upon another plant the Miao Zhiyu that grows nonparasitically upon another plant the trunk surface of tree, in seedling of growing nonparasitically upon another plant Winding a few with tied rope at root fixes it;Step (3) tree training humid control is in 70-85%, and the tree culture method is with dendrobium nobile seedling Plantation obtains dendrobium nobile, needs to cultivate training dendrobium nobile seedling early period, cumbersome, costly.
Summary of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method for planting dendrobium nobile in the tree.The present invention is using fermentation sheep Excrement and sawdust make matrix and dendrobium nobile seed is made crowded be put at trunk gap of binding and plants dendrobium nobile, and this method planting cost is low, Planting technology is simple and easy to do, facilitates management, can efficiently breed dendrobium plant.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of method for planting dendrobium nobile in the tree, comprising the following steps:
Step (1) acquires fresh, mature dendrobium nobile seed pod (capsule), is placed on the place sunning completely divulged information, removes seed pod On dust, and be rinsed with water clean;
After step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, using 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, aseptic water washing is then used, after drying The both ends of seed pod are cut off, then are cut off along seed pod ditch seam, keep whole seeds exposed, are all scraped the seed of powdery with tweezers Under;
Step (3) stirs evenly the seed of powdery, sawdust and fermented and smashed sheep dung, and suitable water is added, Binding is stirred into, the water of addition guarantees that binding can be attached on trunk gap;
Binding is squeezed and smears and be filled at trunk gap by step (4), is squeezed before smearing binding, will be squeezed the trunk smeared and stitched The sprinkling of gap position is wet, squeezes after smearing with the suitable water of atomizers spray, guarantees that binding is close to trunk gap;
Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 175~190 days, finds to squeeze when not germinateing and smears object damage, loses germinating capacity , it answers after-culture to squeeze and smears object;The water of spray in 3~7 days is spaced after germination, interval sprays one time fermentation sheep dung water top dressing in 20~40 days, Sprinkling vegetation buck avoids insect pest that from can harvesting dendrobium plant after germination 2~3 years.
Due to the careful such as dust of dendrobium nobile kind, the development of seed embryo is no more than globular stage, and lacks endosperm tissue, it is necessary to Descending slowly and lightly to the environment being particularly suitable for and mycosymbiosis could sprout, the present invention by acquisition dendrobium nobile ripening fruits, take out seed with The sheep dung crushed after sawdust, fermentation stirs into binding, the sawdust and sheep dung after fermentation sprouted for seed provide it is suitable true Bacterium symbiotic environment;Binding is directly pasted in the crack of bark, and dendrobium nobile seedling is bred out, is cultivated by final-period management at available Dendrobium plant.
The planting conditions of dendrobium nobile in the present invention are as follows: illumination is moderate, and 18~21 DEG C of temperature on average, annual rainfall 1300~ 1500mm, humidity 70~85%;Water and fertilizer condition is superior, ground moistening, has desirable water source within 500m near planting site;Forest is covered Lid rate is 80% or more, and for the age of tree of forest at 5 years or more, bark drastic crack, gap width reached 0.5cm or more;Preferably collect The dendrobium nobile seed of fresh mature, is collected into sawdust and sheep dung.
Dendrobium nobile seed pod described in step (1) is the seed pod of purple dendrobium, dendrobium candidum or HERBA DENDROBII.
Step (2) seed pod is 5~10s with 75% alcohol soaking disinfection time, avoids damage to seed, soaking time is unsuitable It is too long;It is used aseptic water washing 4~5 times after immersion, until alcohol is washed out completely,
Mass ratio 1:0.8~1.2:4.5 of the seed pod of step (3) powdery, sawdust and fermented and smashed sheep dung~ 5.5, fertilizer can be become after sawdust fermentation;Become quick-acting organic fertilizer after sheep dung fermentation, improves fertility.Sawdust and sheep after fermentation Containing the fungies such as VA Mycorrhizal Fungi in excrement, to be sprouted for dendrobium nobile seed and provide required with mycosymbiosis environment, water plays adhesive effect, Binding is set to glue in the tree.
The fermented smashed sheep dung partial size≤1mm, fermentation process are compost normal temperature fermentation.
The sawdust is fermentation wood sawdust, and partial size≤1mm, fermentation process is compost normal temperature fermentation.If sawdust is too dry, It should suitably sprinkle water on sawdust heap, promote sawdust fermentation.
It is 5~8cm that step (4), which squeezes and smears object to be filled in the length in trunk gap,;Height of the trunk gap far from ground be 0.2~0.5m, 1.2~1.5m or 2.0~2.2m.
Step (4) is to prevent binding from falling off after the evaporation of moisture itself, crowded will smear object pocket with palmae bark or strap and set On dry, palmae bark or strap are removed again after seed sprouting.
Mass ratio 1:10~20 of fermented and smashed sheep dung and water in step (5) the sheep dung water;The vegetation The mass ratio of plant ash and water is 1:10~15 in buck.
After step (5) dendrobium nobile germinates 1~1.5 year, dendrobium nobile seedling every clump more than 2~3/cm2, plant division should be carried out, can be incited somebody to action The plant at overstocked position is transplanted on other forests and plants.
The average germination percentage of step (5) dendrobium nobile in the tree is 21~25%, after germination 2~3 years, the growth shape of dendrobium plant Condition is preferable, and for majority to grow thickly, universal length is 11~30cm, and diameter is 0.5~1.0cm, and branch is healthy and strong, dark green leaf color, growing way It is excellent.Dendrobium nobile is planted in a natural environment in the present invention, and product taste and effect are almost the same with wild Dendrodium.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the present invention directly sows dendrobium nobile seed in trunk Upper breeding dendrobium plant is that one kind makes full use of forest land forest Natural resources condition, saves planting cost, simple and easy to do, facilitates pipe The good method of reason;Present invention sawdust and the sheep dung fermented do matrix, solve dendrobium nobile germination needs and mycosymbiosis The problem of, it does not need individually to cultivate dendrobium nobile seedling and be transplanted again, it is easy to operate.The popularization and application of this achievement can promote dendrobium nobile Industry development increases masses' income, has significant economical, society, ecological benefits.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific example, technical scheme is described further.
Planting site in example is located at Yunnan Province Puer City Ningerhanizuyizu Autonomous County Dean township, planting site height above sea level 1400~1700m, category north subtropical climate type, 17.4 DEG C~21.3 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, average annual sunshine 1921.2 hours, year 1300~1400 ㎜ of average rainfall, relative humidity 75%-85% in forest land.Landform is concave mountainous region, slope aspect Nan Po, the gradient 60 Degree.Soil is mountain red earth, and for pH value between 5~6.5, soil layer is deep, and the content of organic matter is high.There is a brook at forest land edge, eventually Year, flowing water was continuous, and forest land covers moist.
Forest land be artificial growth water wax gourd woods, the age of tree 5~10 years, 3 mu of area of woods, 198 plants of forest total strain number, forest Coverage rate 80% sets high 5-10m, and 8~12 ㎝ of tree-walk, 0.5~1.0 ㎝ of trunk gap, tree growth situation is preferable, most trunks On have moss or lichens.
The fermented wood sawdust of certain amount is collected, and is crushed according to partial size≤1mm specification.
The fermented sheep dung of certain amount is collected, and is crushed according to partial size≤1mm specification.
It learns from else's experience fermentation and smashed sheep dung and water 1:12~15 in mass ratio is made into sheep dung water;Take plant ash and water by matter Amount is made into vegetation buck than 1:11~13.
Embodiment 1
Step (1) acquires fresh, mature dendrobium candidum seed pod (capsule), is placed on the place sunning completely divulged information, removes Dust in seed pod, and rinsed well with tap water;
After step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, using 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, then uses aseptic water washing 4-5 times, dry in the air The both ends of seed pod are cut off after dry, then are cut off along seed pod ditch seam, keep whole seeds exposed, it is with tweezers that the seed of powdery is whole It scrapes, is placed on clean disinfecting paper;
Step (3) stirs the sawdust gathered and fermented and smashed sheep dung, and the seed stirring that powdery is added is equal It is even, suitable water is added, bonding shape is stirred into, in 0.1 kilogram of seed: 0.1 kilogram of sawdust: the ratio that 0.5 kilogram of sheep dung adds Suitable water, is made binding.
Binding is squeezed to smear and be filled at water wax gourd trunk gap and be planted by step (4), every plant of tree kind of plantation 0.1 kilogram (5 capsules), 0.1 kilogram of sawdust, 0.5 kilogram of sheep dung, appropriate amount of water (only plays adhesive effect), and every plant of tree squeezes the portion smeared Position is to squeeze before smearing binding in the middle part of butt (away from the high about 0.3m in ground) and trunk at (away from the high about 1.2m in ground), is smeared to squeezing Stem sample site water spray, the same day, which all squeezes, smears after hours, smears object to being squeezed and sprays a water again, promotes binding and trunk It is close in gap;
To prevent binding from falling off after moisture evaporation, crowded object will be smeared using palmae bark or strap and will be caught, will be sprouted to seed Extract pocket object again afterwards.
Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 185 days, finds to squeeze when not germinateing and smears object damage, loses germinating capacity, should mend It plants to squeeze and smears object;The water of spray in 5 days is spaced after germination, interval sprays one time fermentation sheep dung water top dressing for 30 days, sprinkling vegetation buck is kept away Exempt from insect pest and obtains dendrobium plant after germination 2~3 years.
The water wax gourd tree of plantation is 72, and seed is sprouted and form plant has 16, average germination percentage 22.2%.
The upgrowth situation of dendrobium plant is preferable, and majority is grows thickly, and universal length is in 11~30 ㎝, thick 0.6~1.0 ㎝, branch Item stalwartness, dark green leaf color, growing way are excellent.
Embodiment 2
Step (1) acquires fresh, mature purple dendrobium seed pod (capsule), is placed on the place sunning completely divulged information, removes Dust in seed pod, and rinsed well with tap water;
After step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, with 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, then uses aseptic water washing 4-5 times, dry The both ends of seed pod are cut off afterwards, then are cut off along seed pod ditch seam, keep whole seeds exposed, are all scraped the seed of powdery with tweezers Under, it is placed on clean disinfecting paper;
Step (3) stirs evenly the seed that powdery is added with fermented and smashed sheep dung in the sawdust gathered, then Suitable water is added, stirs into bonding shape, in 0.1 kilogram of seed: 0.12 kilogram of sawdust: the ratio that 0.45 kilogram of sheep dung adds suitable Binding is made in the water of amount;
Binding is squeezed to smear and be filled at water wax gourd trunk gap and be planted by step (4), every plant of tree kind of plantation 0.1 kilogram (5 capsules), 0.12 kilogram of sawdust, 0.45 kilogram of sheep dung, appropriate amount of water (only plays adhesive effect), and every plant of tree, which squeezes, smears Position is to squeeze before smearing binding in the middle part of butt (away from the high about 0.2m in ground) and trunk at (away from the high about 1.3m in ground), to crowded The stem sample site water spray smeared, the same day, which all squeezes, smears after hours, smears object to being squeezed and sprays a water again, promotes binding and tree Dry joint gap is close to;
To prevent binding from falling off after moisture evaporation, crowded object will be smeared using palmae bark or strap and will be caught, will be sprouted to seed Extract pocket object again afterwards.
Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 180 days, finds to squeeze when not germinateing and smears object damage, loses germinating capacity, should mend It plants to squeeze and smears object;The water of spray in 6 days is spaced after germination, interval sprays one time fermentation sheep dung water for 30 days, sprinkling vegetation buck avoids worm Evil obtains dendrobium plant after germination 23 years.
The water wax gourd tree of plantation is 70, and seed is sprouted and form plant has 16, average germination percentage 22.85%.
The upgrowth situation of purple dendrobium plant is preferable, and for majority to grow thickly, universal length is 15~25 ㎝, and diameter is 0.6~ 0.8 ㎝, branch is healthy and strong, dry measure used in former times item is purplish red, dark green leaf color, growing way are excellent.
Embodiment 3
Step (1) acquires fresh, mature HERBA DENDROBII seed pod (capsule), is placed on the place sunning completely divulged information, removes Dust in seed pod, and rinsed well with tap water;
After step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, with 75% alcohol soaking disinfection, then uses aseptic water washing 4-5 times, dry The both ends of seed pod are cut off afterwards, then are cut off along seed pod ditch seam, keep whole seeds exposed, are all scraped the seed of powdery with tweezers Under, it is placed on clean disinfecting paper;
Step (3) stirs evenly the seed that powdery is added with fermented and smashed sheep dung in the sawdust gathered, then Suitable water is added, stirs into bonding shape, in 0.1 kilogram of seed: 0.09 kilogram of sawdust: the ratio that 0.55 kilogram of sheep dung adds in right amount Water binding is made;
Binding is squeezed and smears and be filled at water wax gourd trunk gap by step (4), every plant of tree kind of 0.1 kilogram of (5 capsule Fruit), 0.09 kilogram of sawdust, 0.55 kilogram of sheep dung, appropriate amount of water (only plays adhesive effect), and it is butt that every plant of tree, which squeezes the position smeared, It in the middle part of (away from the high about 0.4m in ground) and trunk at (away from the high about 1.5m in ground), squeezes before smearing binding, is sprayed to the stem sample site smeared is squeezed Water, the same day, which all squeezes, smears after hours, smears object to being squeezed and sprays a water again, binding is promoted to be close to trunk gap;
To prevent binding from falling off after moisture evaporation, crowded object will be smeared using palmae bark or strap and will be caught, will be sprouted to seed Extract pocket object again afterwards.
Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 183 days, finds to squeeze when not germinateing and smears object damage, loses germinating capacity, should mend It plants to squeeze and smears object;The water of spray in 6 days is spaced after germination, interval sprays one time fermentation sheep dung water for 30 days, sprinkling vegetation buck avoids worm Evil obtains dendrobium plant after germination 2~3 years.
The water wax gourd tree of plantation is 56, and seed is sprouted and form plant has 14, average germination percentage 25%.
The upgrowth situation of HERBA DENDROBII plant is preferable, and for majority to grow thickly, universal length is 15~25 ㎝, and diameter is 0.6~ 1.0 ㎝, branch is healthy and strong, dry measure used in former times item is dark green, blade is plump, growing way is excellent.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of method for planting dendrobium nobile in the tree, which comprises the following steps:
Step (1) acquires fresh, mature dendrobium nobile seed pod, is placed on the place sunning completely divulged information, removes the dust in seed pod, use Water is rinsed well;
It is then clean with aseptic water washing using 75% alcohol soaking disinfection after step (2) seed pod is rinsed well, it dries, it will The both ends of seed pod are cut off, then are cut off along seed pod ditch seam, keep whole seeds exposed, are all scraped the seed of powdery with tweezers;
Step (3) stirs evenly the seed of powdery, sawdust and fermented and smashed sheep dung, adds suitable water, stirs Mix binding;Seed, sawdust and the fermented and smashed sheep dung mass ratio of powdery are 1:0.8~1.2:4.5~5.5;
Binding is squeezed to smear and be filled at trunk gap and be planted by step (4), is squeezed before smearing binding, will be squeezed the tree smeared The sprinkling of dry joint gap position is wet, squeezes and sprays suitable water after smearing, and guarantees that binding is close to trunk gap;
Dendrobium nobile germinates after step (5) is planted 175~190 days, the water of spray in 3~7 days is spaced after germination, interval sprays for 20~40 days One time fermentation sheep dung water top dressing, sprinkling vegetation buck avoid insect pest from harvesting dendrobium plant after germination 2~3 years.
2. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the planting environment of dendrobium nobile is suitable for illumination In, 18 DEG C~21 DEG C of temperature on average, humidity 70%~85%, planting site nearby has desirable water source within 500m;Afforestation rate 80% or more, for the trees age of tree of selection at 5 years or more, bark drastic crack, gap width reached 0.5cm or more.
3. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that dendrobium nobile seed pod described in step (1) For the seed pod of purple dendrobium, dendrobium candidum or HERBA DENDROBII.
4. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) seed pod uses 75% Alcohol soaking time is 5s~10s.
5. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fermented smashed sheep dung Partial size≤1mm, the sawdust are fermentation wood sawdust, partial size≤1mm.
6. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) squeezes and smears object and be filled in tree The length of dry joint gap is 5~8cm;The trunk gap is 0.2~0.5m, 1.2~1.5m or 2.0~2.2m away from ground level.
7. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) palmae bark or strap It will squeeze and smear object reinforcing on trunk.
8. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) the fermentation sheep dung water In the mass ratio of fermented and smashed sheep dung and water be 1:10~20;The weight ratio of the vegetation buck medium-height grass wood ash and water For 1:10~15.
9. planting the method for dendrobium nobile in the tree as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (5) dendrobium nobile germination 1~1.5 Nian Hou, by every clump more than 2~3/cm2Dendrobium nobile seedling carry out plant division.
CN201610033673.6A 2016-01-19 2016-01-19 A method of planting dendrobium nobile in the tree Expired - Fee Related CN105532409B (en)

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CN105875167A (en) * 2016-05-19 2016-08-24 云南斛健庄园生物科技有限公司 Symbiotic planting method for ancient tea trees and dendrobium
CN108782199B (en) * 2018-05-19 2021-06-15 安徽省霍山县霍鼎仙石斛开发有限公司 Epiphytic planting method for dendrobium

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