CN105474969A - Cultivation method for potted strawberries - Google Patents
Cultivation method for potted strawberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN105474969A CN105474969A CN201510966171.4A CN201510966171A CN105474969A CN 105474969 A CN105474969 A CN 105474969A CN 201510966171 A CN201510966171 A CN 201510966171A CN 105474969 A CN105474969 A CN 105474969A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for potted strawberries. The cultivation method comprises the steps of seedling selecting, matrix laying and fertilizer and water management. The cultivated potted strawberries are high in survival rate, the seedling recovering condition is good, on the eleventh day after planting, the seedling recovering rate is 99.5%, and seedling recovering time is shortened by 6-7 days; according to the cultivated potted strawberries, the flowering phase arrives 10 days earlier, the ground fresh weight during the flowering phase is 40.76 g, the underground fresh weight is 18.75 g, the root length is 22.5 cm, the ground dry weight is 8.98 g, and the underground dry weight is 4.62 g; the fertile fruit rate is increased by 15%; the average fruit weight is 17.89 g, and the single-plant average output is 190 g; nutritional value is high, the total sugar content is 19.5 mg/g, the total acid content is 2.95%, the soluble protein content is 0.29 mg/g, the content of vitamin C is 95.7 mg/100 g, the calcium content is 20.8 mg/100 g, and the iron content is 2.2 mg/100 g.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of Pot-strawberry, belong to application technical field.
Background technology
Strawberry cry again the red certain kind of berries, the foreign certain kind of berries, the certain kind of berries etc., be a kind of fruit of redness.Strawberry is the common name to rose family strawberry plants, belongs to herbaceos perennial; Its outward appearance is in heart-shaped, and delicious red tender, pulp succulence, containing special strong fruit aroma.Strawberry nutrition is worth high, and containing enriching vitamin C, effect of helpful digestion, meanwhile, strawberry can also consolidate gums, fresh breath, moist throat.
Traditional strawberry cultivating mode mainly outdoor cropping, although also there is the plantation of Pot-strawberry, implantation methods imperfection, the breeding method of existing Pot-strawberry has the following disadvantages:
(1) survival rate is low, and slow seedling rate is low, and transplanting seedling time is long;
(2) evening at florescence, strawberry growing way is weak, and substance in vivo accumulation is few, grows and does not strengthen;
(3) percentage of fertile fruit is low, yields poorly;
(4) nutritive value needs to be improved further, to satisfy the demands of consumers;
(5) grey mold and anthracnose impact is easily subject to.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of Pot-strawberry, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, survival rate is high, reaches 99.5%, and slow growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is good, and slow seedling rate reaches 99.5%, and transplanting seedling time shifts to an earlier date 6-7 days,
(2) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, advance flowering period 10 days, florescence ground fresh weight reaches 40.76g, and underground fresh weight reaches 18.75g, and root reaches 22.5cm, and dry weight reaches 8.98g on the ground, and underground dry weight reaches 4.62g;
(3) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, percentage of fertile fruit improves 15%; Really all weigh 17.89g, and individual plant average yield reaches 190g;
(4) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, is of high nutritive value;
(5) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, damage by disease and insect is few.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A breeding method for Pot-strawberry, comprise select seedling, matrix laying, rich water quality management.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
Describedly select seedling, kind is Feng Xiang, life in 2 years, selects to have 3-5 sheet leaf, the healthy seedling of new root more than 10; Root system is cut and is stayed 9-11cm.
The laying of described matrix, the matrix adopted, with parts by weight, comprise following component: 20 parts, peat, 22 parts, reed end, charring rice husk 14 parts, maltose Nano microsphere 11 parts, 4 parts, mica, hornblend 5 parts, 11 parts, bean dregs, humus ammonia 7 parts, bagasse 6 parts, Blumea oil 8 parts, gadol extract 5 parts, 3 parts, zeolite, kaolin 14 parts, 7 parts, wheat bran.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
Described maltose Nano microsphere, volume average particle size is 0.55-0.56 μm, and aerodynamic diameter is 5.334-5.456 μm.
Described maltose Nano microsphere, preparation method is: get the maltose of 2 weight portions, the degree of polymerization of 8 weight portions is the shitosan of 50CPS, be dissolved in the acetic acid solution of 500ml0.6%, mixing, by mixed liquor through 0.45 μm of micro-pore-film filtration, obtain filtrate, carry out spraying dry, inlet temperature is 110 DEG C, and charging rate is 4ml/min, obtain maltose Nano microsphere, state is powder.
Described charring rice husk, unit weight is 0.16g/cm
3, total porosity is 84%, nitrogenous 0.54%, rapid available phosphorus 68mg/kg, and available potassium 0.62%.
Described peat, unit weight is 0.5g/cm
3, total porosity is 80%, EC is 1.1ms/cm, and the content of organic matter is 45%, wherein content of humic acid 35%, total nitrogen content 2.5%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.28%, full potassium content 0.21%.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, survival rate is high, is 99.5%, and slow growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is good, and plant after the 11st day, growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is good, and slow seedling rate (having young leaves to grow strain number/field planting strain number × 100%) is 99.5%, and transplanting seedling time shifts to an earlier date 6-7 days;
(2) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, advance flowering period 10 days, florescence ground fresh weight is 40.76g, and underground fresh weight is 18.75g, and root is long is 22.5cm, and dry weight is 8.98g on the ground, and underground dry weight is 4.62g;
(3) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, percentage of fertile fruit improves 15%; Fruit counterpoise is 17.89g, and individual plant average yield is 190g;
(4) Pot-strawberry of the present invention's cultivation, be of high nutritive value, total sugar content is 19.5mg/g, total acid content is 2.95%, and soluble protein content is 0.29mg/g, and Vitamin C content is 95.7mg/100g, calcium content is 20.8mg/100g, and iron content is 2.2mg/100g;
(5) Pot-strawberry cultivated of the present invention, damage by disease and insect is few, and the grey mould fruit rot of strawberry incidence of disease is only 0.5%, the anthracnose incidence of disease is 1.2%.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
the breeding method of embodiment 1 one kinds of Pot-strawberries
(1) seedling is selected
Kind is Feng Xiang, life in 2 years, selects to have 3-5 sheet leaf, the healthy seedling of new root more than 10; Root system is cut and is stayed 9-11cm.
(2) plantation vessel are selected
Select bore 12-15cm, the plastic basin of high 25-30cm.
(3) laying of matrix
Matrix be laid in inside inner box, little about the 1cm of height of Thickness Ratio inner box, tile one deck perlite on matrix, and perlitic laying depth is about 0.5-0.7cm,
Described perlite is multiple-void structure, and total porosity is 94%, and wherein air volume is 54%, and water holding volume is 40%, and shape is irregular particle, and particle size is 2-3mm, and during saturated water suction, weight is 500kg/m
3, coefficient of permeability is 200mm/hr, and unit weight is 0.1g/cm
3, cation exchange capacity < 1.5me/100g, pH are 7.2, and composition is silica 74%, aluminium oxide 11.3%, iron oxide 2%.
Described matrix, with parts by weight, comprises following component:
20 parts, peat, 22 parts, reed end, charring rice husk 14 parts, maltose Nano microsphere 11 parts, 4 parts, mica, hornblend 5 parts, 11 parts, bean dregs, humus ammonia 7 parts, bagasse 6 parts, Blumea oil 8 parts, gadol extract 5 parts, 3 parts, zeolite, kaolin 14 parts, 7 parts, wheat bran.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
Described maltose Nano microsphere, volume average particle size is 0.55-0.56 μm, and aerodynamic diameter is 5.334-5.456 μm;
Describedly prepare maltose Nano microsphere, get the maltose of 2 weight portions, the degree of polymerization of 8 weight portions is the shitosan of 50CPS, be dissolved in the acetic acid solution of 500ml0.6%, mixing, by mixed liquor through 0.45 μm of micro-pore-film filtration, obtain filtrate, carry out spraying dry, inlet temperature is 110 DEG C, and charging rate is 4ml/min, obtain maltose Nano microsphere, state is powder.
Described Blumea oil, the index of refraction of 25 DEG C is 1.4650-1.4770, and the relative density of 25 DEG C is 0.89-0.91, and the content of tarragon alcohol is 99.9wt%;
Described gadol extract, powder, moisture <12%, total ash <8%, acid-insoluble ash <2%, total Luo Sai dimension hplc is 5%, and salidroside content is 1%.
Described charring rice husk, unit weight is 0.16g/cm
3, total porosity is 84%, nitrogenous 0.54%, rapid available phosphorus 68mg/kg, and available potassium 0.62%
Described peat, unit weight is 0.5g/cm
3, total porosity is 80%, EC is 1.1ms/cm, and the content of organic matter is 45%, wherein content of humic acid 35%, total nitrogen content 2.5%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.28%, full potassium content 0.21%
Described bagasse, water content is 45%, fibre length 2-15mm, and in dry matter, the mass percentage of main component is: lignin 15-18%, cellulose 35-40%, hemicellulose 25-30%, pectic substance 1.5%, coarse ash 2.5%.
Described reed end, 180-200 order;
the preparation method of described matrix:
a, weighing
According to the mass ratio of raw material components each in seedling medium, take each raw material;
b, pulverizing
Peat, charring rice husk, mica, hornblend, zeolite are pulverized, after pulverizing, particle diameter is 0.5mm;
c, mixing
The material that reed end, maltose Nano microsphere, gadol extract, kaolin, bean dregs, humus ammonia, bagasse, Blumea oil are pulverized with above-mentioned B process is mixed, obtains mixed material;
d, obtained matrix
Be added to the water by wheat bran and stir into wheat bran water, then evenly splash in said mixture material, then stirred by mixed material, water consumption is 20% of mixed material weight;
Mixed material is loaded in the airtight container of isolated air, places and the potted plant culture medium of Strawberry Seedlings within 7-15 days, can be obtained.
(4) plant
During plantation, root system is unfolded and is planted in engagement soil, the depth of planting with not crab rooting, do not bury the heart for principle, after plantation is good, soil will by reality, and fixing seedling position, makes native face and basin mouth keep 3-4cm, water permeable after cultivation, places cool place and locates 3-5 days, then move bright and clear place to.
(5) rich water quality management
In one week of field planting, every day waters to Strawberry Seedlings and survives, and leaf starts to stand upright, and the second week started applying liquid fertilizer, watered every other day, per weekly after field planting chases after Liquid Fertilizer once, waters once after having executed fertilizer; Described Liquid Fertilizer consumption is each 3ml of every basin.
400 parts, urea, 165 parts, water-soluble poly ammonium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 208 parts, Chelating state composite trace element 33 parts, fishskin polypeptide 38 parts, the fluffy extract of alkali 19 parts, humus ammonia 45 parts, beta-glucosidase 6 parts, amino-acid salt 4 parts, 20 parts, surfactant, 500 parts, water.
Described ammonium polyphosphate, the degree of polymerization is 12;
Described Chelating state composite trace element, by EDTA chelated copper 25g, EDTA chelated zinc 345g, EDTA chelated iron 40g, EDTA Chelated Manganese 395g, borax decahydrate 886g, ammonium molybdate 8g, take the mode that the weight added mixes from small to large successively, mix, obtained Chelating state composite trace element.
Described surfactant is organosilicon, and model is L-55;
Described amino-acid salt, comprises glutamate, arginine salt, aspartate, and mass ratio is 3:3:1.The fluffy extract of described alkali, Ca content is 2500mg/kg, P content be 432mg/kg, Fe content be 681mg/kg, Zn content be 72mg/kg, Mn content is 9.8mg/kg, Glycine Levels is 13mg/g, and tryptophan is 5.6mg/g, lysine is 14.2mg/g.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
the preparation method of described fertilizer:
Step one, prepare fishskin polypeptide
A, fish-skin pre-treatment
Freezing fish-skin is removed, thaw, surface impurity is fallen by clean water, soak 1d degreasing with the n-butanol that the volume fraction of solid-liquid ratio 1:7 is 12%, then soak 25 minutes with the sodium-chloride water solution of 5%, remove the dope on fish-skin surface, the sodium bicarbonate of 2.5% is added again after cleaning, stir, remove lipid material, filtration and washing;
B, prepare collagen liquid
Be placed on by the fish-skin of pre-treatment in autoclaving machine, add water by the volume ratio of 1:10, boiling, after 60 minutes, stops heating, filters and removes insoluble matter, obtain collagen liquid;
C, enzyme-squash techniqued polypeptide
By above-mentioned collagen liquid, cool to room temperature, adds distilled water according to the volume ratio of 1:6, ultrasonic dissolution, adjust pH to 7.0, add food flavor enzyme and trypsase (mass ratio is 2:1) according to 0.5% of substrate weight, add 55 DEG C of enzymolysis 4h, period stirs, speed of agitator is 800r/min, is warmed up to 85 DEG C of enzymes 10 minutes of going out, filters, concentrated, dry, obtain polypeptide powder;
In described polypeptide powder, the polypeptide proportion of below molecular weight 3000u is 56.3%.
Step 2, preparation nanometer maltose microballoon
The preparation of described maltose Nano microsphere, get the maltose of 2 weight portions, the degree of polymerization of 8 weight portions is the shitosan of 50CPS, be dissolved in the acetic acid solution of 500ml0.6%, mixing, by mixed liquor through 0.45 μm of micro-pore-film filtration, obtain filtrate, carry out spraying dry, obtain maltose Nano microsphere, state is powder; Described spraying dry, inlet temperature is 110 DEG C, and charging rate is 4ml/min.
Step 3, take raw material
Each raw material is taken according to formula.
Step 4, reinforced
Add 70% of water inventory in a kettle., add surfactant, heat and be stirred to 50 DEG C, add fishskin polypeptide, stir 5 minutes, mixing speed is 800r/min, when heating to 57 DEG C, add the fluffy extract of alkali, nanometer maltose microballoon, stir 10 minutes, mixing speed is 850r/min, heats to adding urea, water-soluble poly ammonium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, beta-glucosidase when 65 DEG C; When heating to 70 DEG C, add humus ammonia.
Step 5, heat and dissolve
Continue to heat to be stirred to and entirely dissolve, in stirring, temperature reaches 80 DEG C of stoppings and heating.
Step 6, add Chelating state composite trace element
Chelating state composite trace element is put into bucket, adds 20% of water inventory, be manually stirred to after entirely dissolving and add in reactor, continue to be stirred to and mix, stop stirring.
Step 7, cooling
When temperature is reduced to less than 50 DEG C Celsius, above-mentioned raw materials suction is stored up in fertile tank, add residual moisture, residual moisture can rinse reactor, qualified products.
Step 8, cooling, filling
Fertilizer is cooled to 40 DEG C can be filling.
(6) nursery stock management
Field planting, after 45 days, first needs to dredge flower bud, priming leaf, excision stolon in good time, by invalid high-level flower, removes in right amount at bud dispersed phase; Remove Lao Ye, residual leaf, sick leaf and unnecessary stolon, to reduce nutrient consumption, improve fruit quality; Next needs the appearance of frame fruit; Namely make difform fruit frame with iron wire or bamboo let, put into flowerpot and erected by fruit ear, impel fruit ear ventilation and penetrating light, fruit color is even, prevents clay contaminated fruit, reduces the harm of disease worm.
(7) control of epidemic disaster
Pot-strawberry requires that temperature is 20-25 DEG C, and winter, room temperature remained on more than 15 DEG C.Flowerpot will be placed on ventilation area without shade, and basin soil often keeps moistening.
(8) matrix is changed
Pot-strawberry result, after 2 years, needs the strawberry after to result to change matrix in basin; When changing matrix, first plant is taken out from basin, wipe out old and feeble root, the old and feeble rhizome of dead root and bottom, then plant in new basin matrix.
Pot-strawberry of the present invention, survival rate is high, reaches 99.5%, slow growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is good, plants after the 11st day, and slow growth of cereal crop seedlings condition is good, slow seedling rate (having young leaves to grow strain number/field planting strain number × 100%) is 99.5%, and transplanting seedling time shifts to an earlier date 6-7 days, advance flowering period 10 days, florescence ground fresh weight is 40.76g, underground fresh weight is 18.75g, and root is long is 22.5cm, and dry weight is 8.98g on the ground, underground dry weight is 4.62g, and percentage of fertile fruit improves 15%; Fruit counterpoise is 17.89g, and individual plant average yield reaches 190g,
Breeding method of the present invention, the strawberry of cultivation, is of high nutritive value, total sugar content is 19.5mg/g, and total acid content is 2.95%, and soluble protein content is 0.29mg/g, Vitamin C content is 95.7mg/100g, and calcium content is 20.8mg/100g, and iron content is 2.2mg/100g.
The Pot-strawberry that the present invention cultivates, damage by disease and insect is few, and the grey mould fruit rot of strawberry incidence of disease is only 0.5%, the anthracnose incidence of disease is 1.2%.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a breeding method for Pot-strawberry, is characterized in that: comprise select seedling, matrix laying, rich water quality management.
2. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: describedly select seedling, and kind is Feng Xiang, life in 2 years, selects to have 3-5 sheet leaf, the healthy seedling of new root more than 10; Root system is cut and is stayed 9-11cm.
3. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the laying of described matrix, the matrix adopted, with parts by weight, comprise following component: 20 parts, peat, 22 parts, reed end, charring rice husk 14 parts, maltose Nano microsphere 11 parts, 4 parts, mica, hornblend 5 parts, 11 parts, bean dregs, humus ammonia 7 parts, bagasse 6 parts, Blumea oil 8 parts, gadol extract 5 parts, 3 parts, zeolite, kaolin 14 parts, 7 parts, wheat bran.
4. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, at 25 DEG C, carry out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
5. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described maltose Nano microsphere, and volume average particle size is 0.55-0.56 μm, and aerodynamic diameter is 5.334-5.456 μm.
6. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described maltose Nano microsphere, preparation method is: get the maltose of 2 weight portions, the degree of polymerization of 8 weight portions is the shitosan of 50CPS, be dissolved in the acetic acid solution of 500ml0.6%, mixing, by mixed liquor through 0.45 μm of micro-pore-film filtration, obtain filtrate, carry out spraying dry, inlet temperature is 110 DEG C, charging rate is 4ml/min, obtains maltose Nano microsphere, and state is powder.
7. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described charring rice husk, unit weight is 0.16g/cm
3, total porosity is 84%, nitrogenous 0.54%, rapid available phosphorus 68mg/kg, and available potassium 0.62%.
8. the breeding method of a kind of Pot-strawberry according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described peat, unit weight is 0.5g/cm
3, total porosity is 80%, EC is 1.1ms/cm, and the content of organic matter is 45%, wherein content of humic acid 35%, total nitrogen content 2.5%, content of tatal phosphorus 0.28%, full potassium content 0.21%.
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| CN106673918A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠市凯婷农民种植专业合作社 | Nutritional soil for household potted plants |
| CN106912316A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-04 | 南阳市筑梦生态农业有限公司 | A kind of strawberry cultivating device |
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| CN104641989A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-27 | 和县秀山美地农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of potted strawberry culture bed |
| CN104641901A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-27 | 和县秀山美地农业科技有限公司 | Preparation method of strawberry seedling pot culture medium |
| CN104672007A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-03 | 和县秀山美地农业科技有限公司 | Cultivating substrate for potted strawberry seedlings |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105940923A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-09-21 | 杨建冬 | A fragaria x ananassa Duch. pot culture method |
| CN106673918A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-05-17 | 蚌埠市凯婷农民种植专业合作社 | Nutritional soil for household potted plants |
| CN106912316A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-04 | 南阳市筑梦生态农业有限公司 | A kind of strawberry cultivating device |
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