CN105360026A - Method for freshwater shrimp cultivation - Google Patents
Method for freshwater shrimp cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105360026A CN105360026A CN201510768200.6A CN201510768200A CN105360026A CN 105360026 A CN105360026 A CN 105360026A CN 201510768200 A CN201510768200 A CN 201510768200A CN 105360026 A CN105360026 A CN 105360026A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for freshwater shrimp cultivation. The method comprises selection and cultivation of shrimp seedlings, water quality cultivation, management of aquatic plants and feeding of fodder. The selection and the cultivation of the shrimp seedlings comprise selective fishing and hybridization of excellent parent shrimps as well as selective fishing of berried shrimps, the shrimp seedling selection and cultivation, and selection and cultivation of backup parent shrimps and parent shrimps. Through the selection and the cultivation of three levels, the backup parent shrimps with large sizes, long lengths and good activity are selected and fished to realize the cultivation of the excellent parent shrimps. During the cultivation, the water quality cultivation for culture, the management of the aquatic plants and the feeding of the fodder shall be carried out strictly according to requirements. According to the method for the freshwater shrimp cultivation disclosed by the technical scheme of the invention, a survival rate of the shrimp seedlings exceeds 40% during shrimp seedling incubation by the berried shrimps; a survival rate of the parent shrimps reaches over 90% during the cultivation of the parent shrimps and the backup parent shrimps; an average length of the green shrimp individuals is 5-6 cm at a fishing stage; and the parent shrimps carry out the incubation late, so that the fishing can be realized for multiple times, and the shrimps have fresh and tender flesh.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of freshwater shrimp, relate to a kind of fresh water shrimp culture method improving shrimp culture survival rate, improve freshwater shrimp quality, improve shrimp culture output in particular.
Background technology
Freshwater shrimp, formal name used at school Japanese macrobrachium supernbum.Be strong adaptability in freshwater, distribution is wide, feeding habits are mixed, grow fast, fine and tender taste, the famous and precious aquatic products that delicious in taste, economic worth is very high, deeply look at by consumer parent.Cultivation, the raising technology of China freshwater shrimp just began one's study at the end of the nineties.But for many years, the fine-variety breeding of freshwater shrimp and the artificial breeding technique of seed scale are not yet broken through.Enter 21 century, due to the increase with market demand that improves constantly of people's level of consumption, the natural output of freshwater shrimp reduces in addition, and colony's specification reduces, and the output of freshwater shrimp can not meet the needs of domestic market, more can not meet the needs of overseas market.Therefore, the provinces and cities such as Hubei, Anhui, Zhejiang, Shanghai are studied the breeding of freshwater shrimp, cultivation, but because the freshwater shrimp life-span is short, fertility is strong, and pond culture specification is irregular, and size difference is larger, cultured output is always lower, culturist does not reach desirable benefit, and add that freshwater shrimp kind matter is degenerated serious in recent years, colony's specification is less than normal; Commodity rate is low, thus causes the area of shrimp culture and output to be difficult to expand and improve always.
Along with the continuous expansion of shrimp culture scale, the develop rapidly of production, also there are problems in shrimp culture industry, as uneven in shrimp culture technical merit, cultural technique is lack of standardization, and freshwater shrimp kind matter is degenerated, and sexual maturity ahead of time, disease increases, pattern is single etc., causes freshwater shrimp commodity rate low, and grade declines, the market competitiveness is not strong, has a strong impact on the sound development of shrimp culture.
The present invention is directed to the current problem that need solve, carry out freshwater shrimp breed breeding, cultivate the freshwater shrimp new varieties that culture trait is excellent, traditional cultural technique is improved and specification.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the cultural method of a kind of freshwater shrimp, the freshwater shrimp survival rate cultivated by this cultural method is high, and freshwater shrimp sexual maturity is late, the large output of volume is good, Fresh & Tender in Texture.
A kind of fresh water shrimp culture method of the present invention, described cultural method comprises the seed selection of shrimp seedling, water quality is cultivated, water plants manages, throwing is raised,
(1) shrimp seedling seed selection, the seed selection of described shrimp seedling comprises shrimp with ovums seed selection, the seed selection of shrimp seedling and close shrimp seed selection three Breeding Process:
Shrimp with ovums is chosen seeds: start from mid-May, when water temperature stability is at about 20 DEG C, namely the preferred work of shrimp with ovums is started, from different water water systems, choosing is caught close shrimp and is carried out the cultivation of shrimp with ovums, the female-male proportion that close shrimp is caught in choosing is 2 ~ 3: 1, and will the close shrimp caught be selected to carry out mating, obtain shrimp with ovums, then the choosing carrying out shrimp with ovums is caught, choosing catch shrimp with ovums standard be that requirement shrimp body is stout and strong, body reaches 4cm, anosis complete without wound, limbs, health is translucent shape, rapidly travelling, bounce effectively sensitive, and fertilized egg color and luster is consistent, full spar;
Shrimp seedling seed selection: from June, the shrimp seedling of breeding through shrimp with ovums reaches to 0.8-1cm, preferred large volume shrimp seedling is specially pool cultivated to cultivate standby parent shrimp, carries out that point pond of standby parent shrimp is rare supports, preferred shrimp seedling standard be individual thick, physique is healthy and strong, dried up after jump in basin effectively;
Close shrimp seed selection: when the close shrimp of standby grows to 25-30cm, start three grades preferably, is choosing and catches breeding parent shrimp, and it is that individuality is sturdy, physique good, body colour is pure, it is active to move about, spring is strong, the non-oogenesis of female shrimp that requirement is caught in choosing;
(2) water quality is cultivated: select indoor or have the cement pit of the condition of sheltering from heat or light, its length and width, deeply respectively 5m, 3m and 1.2m, require energising, water flowing, aeration equipment complete, and in cement pit, place net cage, before putting shrimp, first cement pit is scrubbed clean, then add water sterilization, every 1 day, drain Chi Shui, newer water of again annotating, treat that pond water temperature rises to more than 20 DEG C, just can preferably development degree be similar and connect the net cage that maturescent shrimp with ovums puts into cement pit and hatch; For Chi Shui in cement pit carries out oxygenation, Bubbled stone 8-10 is established in every pond, every day While settling increase the oxygen, to guarantee that pond water-soluble oxygen is sufficient, the blowing pressure forms bubble with Bubbled stone and does not dig the spray at water surface and be advisable in water; Water is changed in blowdown, hatchery blowdown rubber tube, is absorbed by the dirt sunk to the bottom, then pour into new water to former water level, need blowdown every day 1 time, change water depth 5-10cm at every turn, pond water pH value should keep 7.5-8.5, can regulate, usually monthly execute 1-2 quicklime when being less than 7 with quicklime, its consumption is every mu of each 10-12kg, uses photosynthetic bacteria, to purify water during nursery, increase dissolved oxygen amount, promote that larval growth is grown, build up health, improve survival rate.
(3) water plants management: place a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilization in pond, in the net cage of shrimp with ovums hatching, also place a small amount of weter hyacinth simultaneously, in the whole breeding process of freshwater shrimp, the amount of strict control weter hyacinth, avoid Eichhornia crassipes growth too fast, large area overing number mud sump, captures the oxygen of Chi Shuizhong, causes freshwater shrimp hypoxia death.
(4) throw raise: under shrimp seedling behind pond every day evenly splash in full pond soya bean slurry 2-3 time, every mu of pond every day is with soya bean amount 0.5-1kg, when the biological deficiency of natural bait agreeable to the taste in pond, add every day and feed 2-3 ripe yolk, ripe yolk palpus 100-120 order nylon silk cover filtering, consumption is every mu of each 2-3, after shrimp seedling grows to close shrimp, feed should based on artificial formula feed, the fresh and alive biological feedstuff such as spiral shell and small fish is auxiliary, the best of freshwater shrimp temperature of ingesting is about 25 DEG C, throws to raise and will accomplish timing, determine matter, quantitatively, locates.
Preferably, described in the seed selection of shrimp seedling, when the shrimp seedling operation of breeding through shrimp with ovums is caught in choosing, notice that putting the seedling time avoids high temperature, carry out before when fine day selects shrimping seedling to select the morning 9, shrimp seedling is thrown in and is adhered to submersible, prevents shrimp seedling injured.
Preferably, the described Chi Shui injected in cement pit needs to filter through 80 eye mesh screens, and when carrying out disinfection to cement pit, add bleaching powder and carry out disinfection, bleaching powder is the concentration of Chi Shuizhong is 1.5-2ppm.
Preferably, described cage size 2m × 1m × 1m, mesh goes out not go with prawn, and the young can freely be come in and gone out as principle, places a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilizing in net cage, hides perch in order to freshwater shrimp, and the input density of close shrimp is 3000-5000/pond.
Preferably, 1.5% degenerate cllipticity element should be added in the feed of described artificial preparation.
The invention has the advantages that: the cultural method of a kind of freshwater shrimp of technical solution of the present invention, to cross multi-level multi-step to freshwater shrimp shrimp with ovums, shrimp seedling, standby parent shrimp and the selecting of close shrimp, the quality of freshwater shrimp is ensure that from source, in the process of cultivation, abandon its dross is selected the essence, the shrimp with ovums hatching shrimp seedling stage, the survival rate of shrimp seedling is more than 40%, in the cultivation of parent shrimp and standby parent shrimp, the survival rate more than 90% of parent shrimp, to when fishing for, the individual average body length of freshwater shrimp is at 5 ~ 6 centimetres, and evening oogenesis time of close shrimp, can realize repeatedly fishing for, Fresh & Tender in Texture.Fresh water shrimp culture method of the present invention, cultural method is simple, is convenient to promote, and aquaculture cost is low, and freshwater shrimp fishery output is high.
Embodiment
Understand technical solution of the present invention for ease of those skilled in the art, now technical solution of the present invention is described further.
A kind of fresh water shrimp culture method, described cultural method comprises the seed selection of shrimp seedling, water quality is cultivated, water plants manages, throwing is raised,
(1) shrimp seedling seed selection, the seed selection of described shrimp seedling comprises shrimp with ovums seed selection, the seed selection of shrimp seedling and close shrimp seed selection three Breeding Process:
Shrimp with ovums is chosen seeds: start from mid-May, when water temperature stability is at about 20 DEG C, namely the preferred work of shrimp with ovums is started, the excellent close shrimp of different water system is caught in choosing, long more than the 55-60mm of male body is caught in choosing, long more than the 40mm of female individuals body, and the female-male proportion of close shrimp is 2 ~ 3: 1, the male and female freshwater shrimp of different water system is hybridized respectively, after hybridization, the choosing carrying out shrimp with ovums is caught, it is that requirement shrimp body is stout and strong that shrimp with ovums standard is caught in choosing, body reaches 4cm, anosis without wound, limbs are complete, health is translucent shape, rapidly travelling, bounce effectively sensitive, and fertilized egg color and luster is consistent, full spar,
Shrimp seedling seed selection: from June, the shrimp seedling of breeding through shrimp with ovums reaches to 0.8-1cm, preferred large volume shrimp seedling is specially pool cultivated to cultivate standby parent shrimp, carries out that point pond of standby parent shrimp is rare supports, preferred shrimp seedling standard be individual thick, physique is healthy and strong, dried up after jump in basin effectively;
Close shrimp seed selection: when the close shrimp of standby grows to 25-30cm, start three grades preferably, is choosing and catches breeding parent shrimp, and it is that individuality is sturdy, physique good, body colour is pure, it is active to move about, spring is strong, the non-oogenesis of female shrimp that requirement is caught in choosing;
(2) water quality is cultivated: select indoor or have the cement pit of the condition of sheltering from heat or light, its length and width, deeply respectively 5m, 3m and 1.2m, require energising, water flowing, aeration equipment complete, and in cement pit, place net cage, before putting shrimp, first cement pit is scrubbed clean, then add water sterilization, every 1 day, drain Chi Shui, newer water of again annotating, treat that pond water temperature rises to more than 20 DEG C, just can preferably development degree be similar and connect the net cage that maturescent shrimp with ovums puts into cement pit and hatch; For Chi Shui in cement pit carries out oxygenation, Bubbled stone 8-10 is established in every pond, every day While settling increase the oxygen, to guarantee that pond water-soluble oxygen is sufficient, the blowing pressure forms bubble with Bubbled stone and does not dig the spray at water surface and be advisable in water; Water is changed in blowdown, hatchery blowdown rubber tube, is absorbed by the dirt sunk to the bottom, then pour into new water to former water level, need blowdown every day 1 time, change water depth 5-10cm at every turn, pond water pH value should keep 7.5-8.5, can regulate, usually monthly execute 1-2 quicklime when being less than 7 with quicklime, its consumption is every mu of each 10-12kg, uses photosynthetic bacteria, to purify water during nursery, increase dissolved oxygen amount, promote that larval growth is grown, build up health, improve survival rate.
(3) water plants management: place a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilization in pond, in the net cage of shrimp with ovums hatching, also place a small amount of weter hyacinth simultaneously, in the whole breeding process of freshwater shrimp, the amount of strict control weter hyacinth, avoid Eichhornia crassipes growth too fast, large area overing number mud sump, captures the oxygen of Chi Shuizhong, causes freshwater shrimp hypoxia death.
(4) throw raise: under shrimp seedling behind pond every day evenly splash in full pond soya bean slurry 2-3 time, every mu of pond every day is with soya bean amount 0.5-1kg, when the biological deficiency of natural bait agreeable to the taste in pond, add every day and feed 2-3 ripe yolk, ripe yolk palpus 100-120 order nylon silk cover filtering, consumption is every mu of each 2-3, after shrimp seedling grows to close shrimp, feed should based on artificial formula feed, the fresh and alive biological feedstuff such as spiral shell and small fish is auxiliary, the best of freshwater shrimp temperature of ingesting is about 25 DEG C, throws to raise and will accomplish timing, determine matter, quantitatively, locates.
Described in the seed selection of shrimp seedling, when the shrimp seedling operation of breeding through shrimp with ovums is caught in choosing, notice that putting the seedling time avoids high temperature, carry out before when fine day selects shrimping seedling to select the morning 9, shrimp seedling is thrown in and is adhered to submersible, prevents shrimp seedling injured.
The described Chi Shui injected in cement pit needs to filter through 80 eye mesh screens, and when carrying out disinfection to cement pit, add bleaching powder and carry out disinfection, bleaching powder is the concentration of Chi Shuizhong is 1.5-2ppm.
Described cage size 2m × 1m × 1m, mesh goes out not go with prawn, and the young can freely be come in and gone out as principle, places a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilizing in net cage, hides perch in order to freshwater shrimp, and the input density of close shrimp is 3000-5000/pond.
1.5% degenerate cllipticity element should be added in the feed of described artificial preparation.
Above invention is exemplarily described; obvious specific implementation of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various unsubstantialities that method of the present invention is conceived and technical scheme is carried out to improve; or the design of invention and technical scheme directly applied to other occasion, all within protection scope of the present invention without to improve.
Claims (5)
1. a fresh water shrimp culture method, described cultural method comprises the seed selection of shrimp seedling, water quality is cultivated, water plants manages, throwing is raised, and it is characterized in that,
(1) shrimp seedling seed selection, the seed selection of described shrimp seedling comprises shrimp with ovums seed selection, the seed selection of shrimp seedling and close shrimp seed selection three Breeding Process:
Shrimp with ovums is chosen seeds: start from mid-May, when water temperature stability is at about 20 DEG C, namely the preferred work of shrimp with ovums is started, from different water water systems, choosing is caught close shrimp and is carried out the cultivation of shrimp with ovums, the female-male proportion that close shrimp is caught in choosing is 2 ~ 3: 1, and will the close shrimp caught be selected to carry out mating, obtain shrimp with ovums, then the choosing carrying out shrimp with ovums is caught, choosing catch shrimp with ovums standard be that requirement shrimp body is stout and strong, body reaches 4cm, anosis complete without wound, limbs, health is translucent shape, rapidly travelling, bounce effectively sensitive, and fertilized egg color and luster is consistent, full spar;
Shrimp seedling seed selection: from June, the shrimp seedling of breeding through shrimp with ovums reaches to 0.8-1cm, preferred large volume shrimp seedling is specially pool cultivated to cultivate standby parent shrimp, carries out that point pond of standby parent shrimp is rare supports, preferred shrimp seedling standard be individual thick, physique is healthy and strong, dried up after jump in basin effectively;
Close shrimp seed selection: when the close shrimp of standby grows to 25-30cm, start three grades preferably, is choosing and catches breeding parent shrimp, and it is that individuality is sturdy, physique good, body colour is pure, it is active to move about, spring is strong, the non-oogenesis of female shrimp that requirement is caught in choosing;
(2) water quality is cultivated: select indoor or have the cement pit of the condition of sheltering from heat or light, its length and width, deeply respectively 5m, 3m and 1.2m, require energising, water flowing, aeration equipment complete, and in cement pit, place net cage, before putting shrimp, first cement pit is scrubbed clean, then add water sterilization, every 1 day, drain Chi Shui, newer water of again annotating, treat that pond water temperature rises to more than 20 DEG C, just can preferably development degree be similar and connect the net cage that maturescent shrimp with ovums puts into cement pit and hatch; For Chi Shui in cement pit carries out oxygenation, Bubbled stone 8-10 is established in every pond, every day While settling increase the oxygen, to guarantee that pond water-soluble oxygen is sufficient, the blowing pressure forms bubble with Bubbled stone and does not dig the spray at water surface and be advisable in water; Water is changed in blowdown, hatchery blowdown rubber tube, is absorbed by the dirt sunk to the bottom, then pour into new water to former water level, need blowdown every day 1 time, change water depth 5-10cm at every turn, pond water pH value should keep 7.5-8.5, can regulate, usually monthly execute 1-2 quicklime when being less than 7 with quicklime, its consumption is every mu of each 10-12kg, uses photosynthetic bacteria, to purify water during nursery, increase dissolved oxygen amount, promote that larval growth is grown, build up health, improve survival rate.
(3) water plants management: place a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilization in pond, in the net cage of shrimp with ovums hatching, also place a small amount of weter hyacinth simultaneously, in the whole breeding process of freshwater shrimp, the amount of strict control weter hyacinth, avoid Eichhornia crassipes growth too fast, large area overing number mud sump, captures the oxygen of Chi Shuizhong, causes freshwater shrimp hypoxia death.
(4) throw raise: under shrimp seedling behind pond every day evenly splash in full pond soya bean slurry 2-3 time, every mu of pond every day is with soya bean amount 0.5-1kg, when the biological deficiency of natural bait agreeable to the taste in pond, add every day and feed 2-3 ripe yolk, ripe yolk palpus 100-120 order nylon silk cover filtering, consumption is every mu of each 2-3, after shrimp seedling grows to close shrimp, feed should based on artificial formula feed, the fresh and alive biological feedstuff such as spiral shell and small fish is auxiliary, the best of freshwater shrimp temperature of ingesting is about 25 DEG C, throws to raise and will accomplish timing, determine matter, quantitatively, locates.
2. a kind of fresh water shrimp culture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in the seed selection of shrimp seedling, when the shrimp seedling operation of breeding through shrimp with ovums is caught in choosing, notice that putting the seedling time avoids high temperature, fine day select shrimping seedling select the morning 9 time before carry out, shrimp seedling throw in adhere to submersible, prevent shrimp seedling injured.
3. a kind of fresh water shrimp culture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described Chi Shui injected in cement pit needs to filter, when carrying out disinfection to cement pit through 80 eye mesh screens, add bleaching powder to carry out disinfection, bleaching powder is the concentration of Chi Shuizhong is 1.5-2ppm.
4. a kind of fresh water shrimp culture method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cage size 2m × 1m × 1m, mesh goes out not go with prawn, the young can freely be come in and gone out as principle, placing a small amount of weter hyacinth through sterilizing in net cage, hiding perch in order to freshwater shrimp, the input density of close shrimp is 3000-5000/pond.
5. a kind of fresh water shrimp culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, should add 1.5% degenerate cllipticity element in the feed of described artificial preparation.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105724296A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-06 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | Method for promoting mating and oogenesis of freshwater shrimps |
| CN106259077A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 广西吉品环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of astacus |
| CN106577423A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-26 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 | Culture method of increasing yield of freshwater shrimps by utilization of nano-oxygenation |
| CN106857347A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of method for reusing freshwater shrimp parent's nursery |
| CN107360992A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-21 | 覃忠 | The method that mandarin fish instruction raises man-made feeds |
| CN107484688A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-19 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | The set of Taihu Lake freshwater shrimp and white shrimp supports method |
| CN107517904A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-29 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | The high quality cultural method of Taihu Lake shrimp |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105724296A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-06 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | Method for promoting mating and oogenesis of freshwater shrimps |
| CN105724296B (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2018-05-22 | 河北省海洋与水产科学研究院 | A kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method |
| CN106259077A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 广西吉品环保科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological cultivation method of astacus |
| CN106577423A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-04-26 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 | Culture method of increasing yield of freshwater shrimps by utilization of nano-oxygenation |
| CN106857347A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of method for reusing freshwater shrimp parent's nursery |
| CN107360992A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-21 | 覃忠 | The method that mandarin fish instruction raises man-made feeds |
| CN107517904A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-29 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | The high quality cultural method of Taihu Lake shrimp |
| CN107484688A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-19 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | The set of Taihu Lake freshwater shrimp and white shrimp supports method |
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