CN105724296B - A kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method - Google Patents
A kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724296B CN105724296B CN201610138491.5A CN201610138491A CN105724296B CN 105724296 B CN105724296 B CN 105724296B CN 201610138491 A CN201610138491 A CN 201610138491A CN 105724296 B CN105724296 B CN 105724296B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method, the key point of this method has the following：First, autumn end selects Quality parents as standby parent shrimp, prepares for the scale seed breeding in next year.2nd, the reinforced cultivating in parent's autumn and winter, spring has accumulated material base for parent's gonad development.3rd, by parent, conditionting culture, temperature are gradually risen within the scope of the required temperature of freshwater shrimp breeding in workshop in advance, are in addition fed enough high-quality feeds, are promoted gonadal maturation, and mate and oviposit.The present invention passes through ecological control method, the mating rate that can make freshwater shrimp parent without using any drug reaches more than 90%, and parent can be made to shift to an earlier date a nearly month mate and oviposit, improve seed rearing survival rate, freshwater shrimp seed rearing and the growth period into shrimp aquaculture are done sth. in advance, there is higher promotional value in northern China.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture fields, and in particular to a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method.
Background technology
Freshwater shrimp also known as river prawn, scientific name Macrobrachium nipponensis are under the jurisdiction of Arthropoda, Crustachia, Palaemonidae, and pond crayfish category is
The distinctive Freshwater shrimps of Japan and China.In China, freshwater shrimp is widely distributed in the rivers of north and south various regions, lake, and freshwater shrimp adapts to
Property it is strong, have the characteristics that omnivorousness, culture-cycle are short, reproductive capacity is strong, full of nutrition, the market price is high, be deep by vast consumption
The rare aquatic products that person welcomes, and can export goods and earn foreign currency, thus it is a rising aquaculture kind.
Baiyang Lake freshwater shrimp shell is thin, meat tenderness, raw meat is not stingless, delicious flavour, is known as three famous big names of China in history
One of your freshwater shrimp.But recently as the variation and overfishing of shallow lake area water level, freshwater shrimp resource is made drastically to decline.In order to make
This improved seeds resource is restored, conservation of nature water area ecological environment, promotes shrimp culture industrialization, increases fisherman and receives
Enter, proceeded by the relevant research of Baiyang Lake freshwater shrimp plant layoutization breeding at present.
In nature, freshwater shrimp mate and oviposit, main sensitive factor is water temperature.Hebei province Baiyangdian Area, by the end of April May
Just left and right, when water temperature reaches 18 DEG C, starts shrimp with ovums occur, but large quantities of shrimp with ovums occur, be until by the end of May and on June
Ten days, about 25 DEG C of water temperature.If from late May, start to collect shrimp with ovums, need to be finished by hatching in more than ten days, row's seedling ability breeding, then
Reach commercial specification by the seed rearing of one month, commodity offspring seed is sold probably in early July-mid-July.If it does, have
Two unfavorable factors, first, 6, July, water temperature rises quickly, sometimes beyond most suitable scope be unfavorable for improving seed rearing into
Motility rate.Second, growth period is short, is unfavorable for cultivating big standard commodities shrimp.Therefore, promote freshwater shrimp parent sexal maturity early, ovulate, incubate
Change and ahead of time cultivation shrimp seedling, survival rate and extension for the close shrimp seed rearing of raising have important into shrimp aquaculture growth period
Effect.
The country has on the sexually matured report of promotion freshwater shrimp, mainly there is injection progesterone, laser irradiation, excision optic stalk
Deng all obtaining preferable effect；But since freshwater shrimp individual is smaller, female egg load is also less, per tail only have hundreds of to
3000 or so, freshwater shrimp scale seed breeding needs a large amount of seed shrimps, using above the sexually matured method of freshwater shrimp is promoted to meet not
The needs of actual production；In addition the death rate of seed shrimp is improved using seed shrimp can also be caused to damage during the above method.
The content of the invention
The more than state of the art is based on, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of easy to operate, parent's mating rate height and seed to survive
The high promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method of rate.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method, comprises the following steps：
（1）Seed shrimp, which is collected, temporarily to be supported：At the beginning of annual 10 months, long more than the 5cm of selective body, limbs are complete, body surface is bright and clean, active stalwartness
Freshwater shrimp, with female-male proportion 2:1~3:1 puts in a suitable place to breed in the storage pond, holding pond pool；
（2）Autumn and winter cultivates：It is fed during 10 DEG C of autumn and winter water temperature or more, water temperature is not fed when being less than 10 DEG C；
（3）Spring cultivates：As water temperature gradually rises, incrementally increase feeding volume, during 10~15 DEG C of water temperature, feeding volume for kind
The 1~2% of shrimp weight is fed once at dusk daily；Feeding volume 2-5% at 15~18 DEG C is respectively fed once, feeding volume sooner or later daily
The 30% and 70% of day feeding volume is accounted for respectively；
（4）Conditionting culture：Mid-April, when water temperature rises to 15-18 DEG C, complete, the healthy and strong freshwater shrimp conduct of screening limbs
Seed shrimp, according to female-male proportion 3:1 is placed in mate and oviposit pond, and water temperature is progressively risen to 25 DEG C according to the speed of daily 1 DEG C of heating,
Controlling water temperature afterwards, day feeding volume is the 5-8% of seed shrimp weight, is respectively fed once sooner or later daily, feeding volume difference at 25-27 DEG C
Account for the 30% and 70% of day feeding volume；
（5）Shrimp with ovums is hatched：A shrimp with ovums is collected every three days, is put into hatchery and is hatched；By post-coitum by
The parent that eyespot occurs in smart ovum is put into the incubation net cage in culture pond, until fertilized eggs rupture of membranes, during which no longer feeds, is fertilized
After ovum rupture of membranes, the mesh for just incubating young shrimp through incubation net cage enters in culture pond, then carries out larval culture.
Preferably, step（1）In, 1.5~2.0 meters of the storage pond, holding pond pool depth of water, pool inner water grass coverage rate 20~30%；Parent
80~100kg/ mus of this stocking rate.
Preferably, step（2）Feeding volume 1-3% during 10 DEG C of mid-autumn water temperature in winter or more, feeds once, winter at dusk daily
It takes measures to prevent anoxic in pond water after icing, ice face accumulated snow is cleared away after snowing in favor of algae photosynthesis oxygenation.
Preferably, step（4）In, the breeding density of seed shrimp is 40 ~ 50 tails/rice in mate and oviposit pond2, mate and oviposit water
It is 0.6-0.8 meters deep, the buoyancy water plant of coverage rate 30-50% is put in pond, inhabites for close shrimp, inflates for 24 hours, changes water every morning once,
Quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4 sorts out residual bait and dead shrimp when changing water, regularly replace the anti-corruption of water plant.
Preferably, step（5）In, depth of water 0.6-0.8 meters in hatchery, water plant coverage rate 30-40% is inflated, put in a suitable place to breed for 24 hours
Density 0.5-0.6kg/m2, hatch 25-28 DEG C of water temperature, day feeding volume is the 5-8% of close shrimp weight in hatching process, is respectively thrown sooner or later
It feeds once, is respectively 30% and 70%.Changing water every morning once, quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4 when changing water and picks residual bait and dead shrimp,
Regularly replace the anti-corruption of water plant.
Preferably, the bait fed is：Small fish shrimp, spiral shell, pluck, soya-bean cake, corn, wheat bran or into shrimp material.
Preferably, crude protein content is fed in bait more than 36%.
The key point of the method for the present invention has the following：First, autumn end selects Quality parents as standby parent shrimp, is next year
Scale seed breeding prepare；2nd, the reinforced cultivating in parent's autumn and winter, spring has accumulated substance for parent's gonad development
Basis；3rd, by parent, conditionting culture, temperature are gradually risen within the scope of the required temperature of freshwater shrimp breeding in workshop in advance,
In addition enough high-quality feeds are fed, promote gonadal maturation, and mate and oviposit.The present invention is by ecological control method, no
Using any drug the mating rate of freshwater shrimp parent can be made to reach more than 90%, and parent can be made to shift to an earlier date 20-30 days mate and oviposits,
Seed rearing survival rate improves more than 20%, has done sth. in advance freshwater shrimp seed rearing and the growth period into shrimp aquaculture, has had in northern China
Higher promotional value.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail below by specific embodiment.
The method of the present invention is mainly collected temporarily foster, parent's autumn and winter including seed shrimp and is cultivated, and parent's spring cultivates, freshwater shrimp heating rush
Ripe, freshwater shrimp oogenesis hatching and etc., it is specific as follows：
1st, freshwater shrimp seed shrimp, which is collected, temporarily supports：Annual the beginning of October, starts to catch, purchase standby parent shrimp, long more than the 5cm of selective body,
Limbs are complete, body surface is bright and clean, the close shrimp of active stalwartness, by female-male proportion 2：1~3：1 puts in a suitable place to breed in the storage pond, holding pond pool.The storage pond, holding pond pool
3~5 mu of area, 1.5~2.0 meters of the depth of water, bottom of pond centre excavate one wide 0.5~1.0 meter, and deep 0.5 meter is arranged shrimp ditch, discharge outlet
The Ji Xiakeng of 10~20 square metres of an area, 0.5 meter of depth or more, pool inner water grass coverage rate 20~30% are dug by place；Parent's stocking rate 80
~100kg/ mus.
2nd, freshwater shrimp autumn and winter cultivates：It is fed during 10 DEG C of autumn and winter water temperature or more, less than 10 DEG C when does not feed.It mainly feeds dynamic
Physical property bait such as small fish shrimp, spiral shell, pluck etc. and vegetal bait soya-bean cake, corn, wheat bran etc., wherein with animal
Based on property bait；Also freshwater shrimp or Penaeus vannanei material can be fed, throwing is sprinkling upon pond surrounding phytal zone, and feeding volume is close shrimp body
The 1~3% of weight, specific feeding volume are fed once at dusk daily depending on freshwater shrimp ingests situation.It to take measures after freezed in winter
Prevent pond anoxic, oxygenation of such as making a hole in the ice sooner or later daily；Ice face accumulated snow is also cleared away after snowing so that algae photosynthesis increases
Oxygen.
3rd, freshwater shrimp spring cultivates：As water temperature gradually heats up, freshwater shrimp food ration is gradually increased, and during 10~15 DEG C of water temperature, is thrown
Amount 1~2% is fed, is fed at dusk once daily；Feeding volume 2-5% at 15~18 DEG C is respectively fed once sooner or later daily, feeding volume difference
Account for the 30% and 70% of day feeding volume.
4th, freshwater shrimp conditionting culture mid-April, water temperature rise to 15-18 DEG C, the temporarily foster freshwater shrimp of fishing.It is complete to screen limbs
Whole, healthy and strong freshwater shrimp enters the mate and oviposit pond in workshop, female-male proportion 3 as seed shrimp：1.40~50 tails of breeding density/rice3.Pond
Interior depth of water 0.6-0.8 meter, the buoyancy water plant of coverage rate 30-50% is put in pond, inhabites for close shrimp, inflates for 24 hours, water temperature by 18 DEG C by
25 DEG C are gradually risen to, daily water temperature rises 1 DEG C.After water temperature rises to 25 DEG C, water temperature is controlled at 25-27 DEG C.Feed animality bait
Material small fish shrimp, spiral shell, pluck etc. and vegetal bait soya-bean cake, corn, wheat bran etc., feed crude protein more than 36%,
Feeding volume 5-8% is respectively fed once sooner or later daily, and feeding volume respectively accounts for the 30% and 70% of day feeding volume.Change water every morning once,
Quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4 when changing water and picks residual bait and dead shrimp, regularly replaces the anti-corruption of water plant.
5th, shrimp with ovums is hatched：Freshwater shrimp post-coitum is interior for 24 hours to lay eggs, and be adhered to abdomen, and an oogenesis was collected every 2 days
Shrimp is put into hatchery, and depth of water 0.6-0.8 meters in hatchery, water plant coverage rate 30-40% is inflated, breeding density 0.5- for 24 hours
0.6kg/m2, hatch 25-28 DEG C of water temperature.Day feeding volume is the 5-8% of close shrimp weight, is respectively fed once sooner or later, is respectively to feed day
The 30% and 70% of amount.Change water every morning once, quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4 when changing water and picks residual bait and dead shrimp, regularly replaces water
The anti-corruption of grass.
By the hatching of more than 20 days, fertilized eggs are gradually transparent to there is eyespot, picks out such parent and is put into culture pond
Incubation net cage in, until fertilized eggs rupture of membranes, during which no longer feed.After fertilized eggs rupture of membranes, hatching net can be penetrated by just incubating young shrimp
The mesh of case enters in pond, then cultivates the young again.
The better embodiment rather than limiting the scope of the invention of the present invention is these are only, for this field
For technical staff, made on the premise of of the invention spirit and principle is not departed from it is any conspicuously improved, should all
It is considered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：（1）Seed shrimp, which is collected, temporarily to be supported：At the beginning of annual 10 months, long more than the 5cm of selective body, limbs are complete, body surface is bright and clean, the green grass or young crops of active stalwartness Shrimp, with female-male proportion 2:1~3:1 puts in a suitable place to breed in the storage pond, holding pond pool；（2）Autumn and winter cultivates：It is fed during 10 DEG C of autumn and winter water temperature or more, water temperature is not fed when being less than 10 DEG C；（3）Spring cultivates：As water temperature gradually rises, feeding volume is incrementally increased, during 10~15 DEG C of water temperature, day feeding volume is seed shrimp The 1~2% of weight is fed once at dusk daily；Day feeding volume is the 2-5% of seed shrimp weight at 15~18 DEG C, sooner or later each daily to throw It feeds once, feeding volume accounts for the 30% and 70% of day feeding volume respectively；（4）Conditionting culture：Mid-April, when water temperature rises to 15-18 DEG C, screening limbs are complete, healthy and strong freshwater shrimp as seed shrimp, According to female-male proportion 3:1 is placed in mate and oviposit pond, water temperature is progressively risen to 25 DEG C according to the speed of daily 1 DEG C of heating, afterwards Controlling water temperature, day feeding volume is the 5-8% of seed shrimp weight, is respectively fed once sooner or later daily, feeding volume accounts for day respectively at 25-27 DEG C The 30% of feeding volume and 70%；（5）Shrimp with ovums is hatched：A shrimp with ovums is collected every three days, is put into hatchery and is hatched；By post-coitum fertilized eggs The parent for eyespot occur is put into the incubation net cage in culture pond, until fertilized eggs rupture of membranes, during which no longer feeds, fertilized eggs are broken After film, the mesh for just incubating young shrimp through incubation net cage enters in culture pond, then carries out larval culture.
- 2. a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, it is described temporary Support 1.5~2.0 meters of the pond depth of water, pool inner water grass coverage rate 20~30%；80~100kg/ mus of parent's stocking rate.
- 3. a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Middle autumn and winter Day feeding volume is the 1-3% of seed shrimp weight during 10 DEG C of water temperature or more, feeds at dusk once daily, takes measures to prevent after freezed in winter Only anoxic in pond water clears away ice face accumulated snow after snowing.
- 4. a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, mating production The breeding density of seed shrimp is 40 ~ 50 tails/rice in ovum pond3, 0.6-0.8 meters of mate and oviposit water depth puts coverage rate 30-50% in pond Buoyancy water plant, inhabit for close shrimp, inflate for 24 hours, change water every morning once, quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4, sorted out when changing water residual bait and Dead shrimp regularly replaces the anti-corruption of water plant.
- 5. a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, hatchery Interior depth of water 0.6-0.8 meters, water plant coverage rate 30-40% is inflated, breeding density 0.5-0.6kg/m for 24 hours2, hatching water temperature 25-28 DEG C, day feeding volume is the 5-8% of seed shrimp weight in hatching process, is respectively fed once sooner or later, is respectively 30% and 70%, every morning Change water once, quantity of exchanged water 1/5-1/4 when changing water and picks residual bait and dead shrimp, regularly replaces the anti-corruption of water plant.
- 6. promote freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 1-5 any one of them is a kind of, it is characterised in that：The bait fed Expect be：Small fish shrimp, spiral shell, pluck, soya-bean cake, corn, wheat bran or into shrimp material.
- 7. a kind of promotion freshwater shrimp mating oogenesis method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Feed crude protein in bait Content is more than 36%.
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| CN106614188B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-09-13 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of non-directional mating litopenaeus vannamei family full-sibs batch preparation |
| CN107372252B (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2020-08-04 | 大连海洋大学 | Method for cultivating young crayfish |
| CN109673556A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-26 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving freshwater shrimp egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN110741991A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-04 | 阜南县鸿洪养殖专业合作社 | Freshwater shrimp breeding method |
| CN114885865A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-12 | 西双版纳云博水产养殖开发有限公司 | Spawning induction method suitable for female silurus riparia |
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