CN206620700U - A kind of fish and vegetable symbiotic type is biological floating bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fish and vegetable symbiosis type ecological floating bed, which belongs to the fields of aquaculture, environmental protection fishery and resource recycling and effective utilization. The floating bed is as follows: in the pond, from top to bottom, the fence net, the floating bed body and the cage are connected in turn to form a closed whole; vegetables are planted on the floating bed body. The floating bed has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and remarkable effect; it can effectively improve the water quality, increase the transparency of the water body, and reduce the consumption of water resources; it can prevent aquatic animals from gnawing on vegetable roots, ensure good growth of plants, improve the decontamination effect, and Produce organic vegetables; can effectively reduce the occurrence of fish diseases and improve the quality of fish meat; it is suitable for eutrophic water bodies such as polluted rivers, reservoirs, lakes, etc., and is conducive to vigorous promotion.

Description

A fish and vegetable symbiotic ecological floating bed

technical field

The utility model belongs to the fields of aquaculture, environmental protection fishery and resource recycling and effective utilization, in particular to an aquaculture symbiotic ecological floating bed.

Background technique

At present, agricultural production resources are increasingly scarce, land resources, fresh water resources, and non-polluting agricultural resources that can be used will become less and less, and agricultural production is facing a crisis of ecology and resources. Water pollution also causes many aquatic product resources to be endangered, which is not conducive to the large-scale production and development of aquaculture.

Fish and vegetable symbiosis is a new type of compound farming system. It combines aquaculture and vegetable production, two completely different farming technologies, through ingenious ecological design, to achieve scientific synergy and symbiosis, and realize fish farming without changing water. Water quality worries, the ecological symbiosis effect of growing vegetables without fertilization, realizes the interaction and combination of fish farming and vegetable cultivation, and forms a joint promotion and benefit superposition effect. Utilize aquatic plants to absorb carbon dioxide in the water body, and use waste water and feed residue excreted by fish as nutrients for vegetable growth. At the same time, the root system and microbial community of vegetables are the best biological filtration system for water quality treatment and purification, so that animals, plants, and microorganisms can be separated from each other. It is a purely organic farming model with the highest comprehensive benefits, a low-carbon production model with resource-saving and sustainable recycling, and a blueprint for three-dimensional development. Guoshi resources and carbon sink fishery promote and develop the most perfect farming technology combined with farming.

At the same time, the traditional paddy field fish farming, lotus field fish farming and reed pond fish farming in my country are all prototypes of aquaponics symbiosis system. Applying its principles to ponds and improving them is an important direction of pond ecological farming. At present, there are many types of aquaponics planting in ponds, the most important of which is the direct floating method. However, using floating bodies such as foam boards to directly fix vegetable seedlings on floating planting boards for hydroponics is simple, but there is still the problem that omnivorous aquatic animals will eat vegetable roots. If the root system is protected by a screen , is more complicated.

Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a fish-vegetable symbiotic ecological floating bed that is simple to manufacture and convenient to manage; can prevent aquatic animals from gnawing on vegetable roots, and can effectively improve water quality.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide an aquaponics symbiotic ecological floating bed.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that:

The floating bed includes a pond, water, fish and oxygenation equipment, the pond is filled with water and fish are raised, and the aeration end of the oxygenation equipment extends into the bottom of the pond;

It is equipped with fence net, floating bed body and cage;

In the pond, from top to bottom, the fence net, the floating bed body and the net cage are connected in turn to form a closed whole, and vegetables are planted on the floating bed body.

The utility model has the following advantages and positive effects:

①The structure of the floating bed is simple, the cost is low, and the effect is remarkable;

②It can effectively improve the water quality of the water body, increase the transparency of the water body, and reduce the consumption of water resources;

③ It can prevent aquatic animals from gnawing on vegetable roots, ensure good growth of plants, improve decontamination effect, and produce organic vegetables;

④ It can effectively reduce the occurrence of fish diseases and improve the quality of fish meat;

⑤Applicable to polluted rivers, reservoirs, lakes and other eutrophic water bodies, which is conducive to vigorous promotion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this floating bed;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fence net;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of floating bed body;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fixator;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of buoyancy bar;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of sponge pad;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of planting hole;

Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of vegetables planted on the floating bed body.

In the picture:

A—Pond, B—Water, C—Fish, D—Vegetables, E—Aeration equipment;

10—barrier netting,

11—square fence, 12—support bar;

20—floating bed body,

21 — frame,

22—foam board, 221—planting hole, 222—support bar jack,

23—Fixer,

24—Sponge pad,

25—Buoyancy rods,

251, 252...25N—1st, 2nd...N adjustment jacks,

N is a natural number, 2≤N≤10;

30 — cages,

31—square steel ring, 32—net bag, 33—circular steel ring, 34—small heavy bag.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment describe in detail:

1. Floating bed

1. Overall

As shown in Fig. 1, the floating bed includes pond A, water B, fish C and aeration equipment E, and the pond A is filled with water B and fish C, and the aeration end of the aeration equipment E extends into the bottom of the pond A;

A fence net 10, a floating bed body 20 and a cage 30 are provided;

In the pond A, from top to bottom, the fence net 10 , the floating bed body 20 and the cage 30 are connected in turn to form a closed whole, and vegetables D are planted on the floating bed body 20 .

2. Functional components

1) Barrier net 10

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the barrier net 10 includes a square fence 11 connected up and down and 4 support bars 12;

Its function is to prevent vegetables from lodging and being eaten by fish C.

2) floating bed body 20

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the floating bed body 20 includes a frame 21, a foam board 22, a fixture 23, a sponge pad 24 and a buoyancy rod 25;

The foam board 22 is embedded in the frame 21; planting holes 221 and support bar sockets 222 are respectively arranged on the surface of the foam board 22 and its four corners; a sponge pad 24 is connected in the planting holes 221 for planting vegetables D;

The four fixers 23 clamp the four corners of the frame 21 and the foam board 22 respectively, and the protruding ends of the four fixers 23 are respectively inserted into the adjustment sockets of the four buoyancy rods.

(1) Frame 21

As shown in FIG. 3 , the frame 21 is square and is formed by connecting four UPVC pipes and four double-way right-angle joints.

(2) foam board 22

As shown in FIG. 3 , the foam board 22 (density 18kg/m ³ ) is square and fits the frame 21 .

(3) Holder 23

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fixer 26 is a U-shaped elastic clip; one of its functions is to clamp the frame 21 and the foam board 22, and the other is to insert its two extended ends into the adjustment jacks of the buoyancy rods to transfer the buoyancy Give frame 21 and foam board 22.

(4) Sponge pad 24

As shown in Figures 3 and 6, the sponge pad 24 has a soft characteristic, and its function is to help fix the root of the vegetable D and protect the root from damage.

(5) Buoyancy Rod 25

As shown in Figure 5, the buoyancy rod 25 is a strip-shaped foam column (density 18kg/m3), on which the first, 2...N adjustment jacks 251, 252...25N are arranged, N is a natural number, 2≤ N≤10.

Its function is to adjust buoyancy.

3) cage 30

As shown in Figure 1, the net cage 30 includes a square steel ring 31 connected up and down, a net bag 32 and a circular steel ring 33 connected up and down, and a plurality of small heavy bags 34 are placed at the bottom of the net bag 32 to open the net bag 32 and the effect of balancing buoyancy.

The function of net cage 30 is to prevent fish D from eating the root of vegetable B.

3. Working mechanism

The utility model is an aquaponics symbiotic ecological floating bed, through which vegetables D are planted, and the roots of vegetables D absorb eutrophication factors such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water to improve water quality and make fish C grow in a good water body, thereby reducing the number of fish. The occurrence of disease can improve the meat quality of fish C and increase the yield; at the same time, vegetables D can be produced; the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, environmental protection and ecology, and convenient operation. Eutrophic water bodies such as , reservoirs and lakes are conducive to vigorous promotion.

2. Feeding method

① Fish species selection and feeding

1) Fish species selection

The fish species used in the experiment are Qihe crucian carp, which is a unique fish species in Hebi, Henan Province. The same batch of summer flower species in the same year was selected, with a weight of about 5g (the weight difference between parallel fish species in the same experiment should not exceed 0.5g). robust.

2) Feeding

When feeding floating pellet feed, the feed should have good stability and palatability, and require freshness, no deterioration, good physical properties, and stable nutritional components; the uniformity of feed processing and the particle size of feed raw materials meet the quality requirements of feed processing; adhere to the " The principle of "four determinations" (timing, positioning, qualitative and quantitative) is generally fed 3 times a day from May to September, early, middle and late; 2 times a day from February to April and October to November, early, Feed late; stop feeding when the water temperature is lower than 10°C in winter.

②Vegetable selection and management

1) Vegetable selection

The experimental vegetables are water spinach (6-8 months in summer), the top of the vigorous growth of water spinach, and the length of the top of the water spinach is 20cm;

2) Vegetable management

Observe the growth of water spinach, record the number of leaves, the number of fibrous roots and the length of the roots every week, and pick out the withered and yellowed leaves and dry them;

Along with the growth and germination of water spinach, the root space decreases, and the sponge pad 24 in the planting hole 221 is removed;

Harvesting adopts the method of harvesting in batches, and harvests when the plant height is 25 cm.

③Prevention and control of fish and vegetable diseases

1) Fish disease control

Prevention is the priority, and indiscriminate use of drugs is strictly prohibited. The general measures are: before stocking fry and fish species, strictly carry out disinfection, soak in 2-4% salt water for 5 minutes, or soak in 20mg/L-1 (20°C) potassium permanganate solution for 20-30 minutes If any dead fish are found, they should be promptly fished out, the cause of death diagnosed, and buried in the soil; take remedial measures;

2) Vegetable disease prevention

Before planting, choose vegetable seedlings without pests. If pests are found, remove them manually in time, and adopt the method of ecological control to trap and kill pests. The use of pesticides is strictly prohibited.

④ Adjust the buoyancy of the floating bed

Along with the growth of vegetables, the load of the floating bed increases, and the adjustment jack of the buoyancy rod 25 should be adjusted in time, so that the buoyancy rod 25 sinks and is fixed with the fixer 23, so that the floating bed floats on the water surface all the time, and the vegetable roots are completely submerged in the water; After harvesting, the load on the floating bed weakens, and the buoyancy bar 25 needs to be raised to make the floating bed float on the water surface all the time, and the vegetable roots are completely submerged in the water.

⑤Cleaning the net cage

Net cage 30 is regularly cleaned (cleaning 2 times a week in summer), adopts the method for rinsing during cleaning, lifts floating bed upwards, utilizes water flow to pass through the mesh to wash off filamentous algae and dirt, prevent the blocked mesh from hindering the mesh bag 32 The exchange of internal and external water leads to anoxia and necrosis of vegetable roots;

⑥ Use of oxygen enrichment equipment

Turn on the machine for 2-3 hours at noon on sunny days to improve bait utilization and promote water circulation; turn it on in the morning on cloudy days, and turn it on all day in continuous rainy weather to prevent floating heads and increase feeding rate.

⑦Determination of physical and chemical indicators

Dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and nitrite are measured every 5 days, and simple detection should be carried out on routine indicators, such as light intensity, transparency, pH value and dissolved oxygen.

3. Test situation

1) Preparation before experiment

1. Experimental breeding tank

The height of the barrel is 100cm, and the inner diameter is 80cm; before the experimental fish is put into the barrel, it is thoroughly disinfected with potassium permanganate solution, and filled with water and aerated for more than three days;

2. Floating bed

The area of the floating bed is 30×30cm, thoroughly disinfect the connected floating bed with potassium permanganate solution, and set aside;

3. Fish and vegetable density setting

1) fish

30 tails are stocked in each breeding bucket;

2) dishes

25 plants were planted on each floating bed body.

4. Experimental results

A fish and vegetable symbiosis type ecological floating bed breeding method, after three months of experiments in June, July and August:

Water spinach grows well, has a strong ability to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus, and can effectively reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus content in water; the water transparency is always maintained at 30-45cm, the pH value is 7-8, and the dissolved oxygen is 8-10mgL ^-1 ; it can effectively reduce fish diseases happened.

Claims (4)

1. A fish and vegetable symbiosis type ecological floating bed, comprising pond (A), water (B), fish (C) and aeration equipment (E), is full of water (B) and raises fish in pond (A) ( C), the inflation end of the aeration device (E) stretches into the bottom of the pond (A); It is characterized by: A retaining net (10), a floating bed body (20) and a cage (30) are arranged; In the pond (A), from top to bottom, the retaining net (10), the floating bed body (20) and the cage (30) are sequentially connected to form a closed whole; vegetables (D) are planted on the floating bed body (20). 2. The aquaponics symbiosis type ecological floating bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The fence (10) includes a square fence (11) connected up and down and four support bars (12). 3. the aquaponics symbiosis type ecological floating bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: The floating bed body (20) includes a frame (21), a foam board (22), a fixer (23), a sponge pad (24) and a buoyancy bar (25); The foam board (22) is embedded in the frame (21); planting holes (221) and support bar insertion holes (222) are respectively arranged on the surface of the foam board (22) and its four corners; There is a sponge pad (24) for planting vegetables (D); The four anchors (23) clamp the four corners of the frame (21) and the foam board (22) respectively, and the protruding ends of the four anchors (23) are respectively inserted into the adjustment sockets of the four buoyancy rods (25); The frame (21) is square and is formed by connecting 4 UPVC pipes and 4 double-way right-angle joints; The foam board (22) is square and fits the frame (21); Described fixer (23) is a kind of U-shaped elastic clip; The buoyancy rod (25) is an elongated foam column, on which are provided 1st, 2nd...N adjustment sockets 251, 252...25N, N is a natural number, 2≤N≤10. 4. the aquaponics symbiosis type ecological floating bed according to claim 1, is characterized in that: Described net cage (30) comprises the square steel ring (31) that connects up and down, the mesh bag (32) of circle above and below and circular steel ring (33), a plurality of small weight bags (34) are placed in mesh bag (32) bottom.