CN105265178B - Continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room - Google Patents
Continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265178B CN105265178B CN201510817290.3A CN201510817290A CN105265178B CN 105265178 B CN105265178 B CN 105265178B CN 201510817290 A CN201510817290 A CN 201510817290A CN 105265178 B CN105265178 B CN 105265178B
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- ganoderma lucidum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to fungi cultivation field, technical problem solved by the invention provides continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in the completely new ganoderma lucidum room of one kind, and gained ganoderma lucidum yield is high, quality is good.This method comprises the following steps：A, bacteria stick culture period：Lucidum strain is seeded on Duan Mu, carries out indoor culture；B, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, including stem growth phase, cap differential period：The cultivation of in-door covering culture substrate is carried out after the wooden bacterium germination of section is mature, carries out Room management；C, fructification picking time：After harvesting mature ganoderma lucidum, Duan Mu is dug out from culture substrate, culture substrate returns to farmland.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungi cultivation fields, and in particular to continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in a kind of ganoderma lucidum room.
Background technique
For the wooden artificial cultivation of ganoderma lucidum section at present frequently with the mode for changing ground or crop rotation, ganoderma lucidum is segment wood cultivated can not to carry out continuous cropping,
Soil pest and disease damage aggravates after continuous cropping, seriously affects the yield and quality of ganoderma lucidum.
The wooden sequential cropping cultivation of ganoderma lucidum section is usually that lime is used to carry out disinfection soil, is cultivated again after disinfection, but effect is not
It is good, because soil pH is between 5.5-7 required for Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum, and 7 must be greater than by its soil pH after lime disinfection,
The development of mycelia is seriously affected so as to cause the decline of yield and quality.With the increasing of log glossy ganoderma cultivated area, ganoderma lucidum connects
Make problem on obstacle increasingly to highlight, ganoderma lucidum sequential cropping cultivation easily causes soil microflora structure change, pest and disease damage adds
Weight, there is no the basic reasons for solving continuous cropping obstacle for many researchs at present.It can solve and segment wood cultivated change throughout the year through the invention
The trouble on ground fundamentally solves the continuous cropping obstacle of ganoderma lucidum.
Ganoderma lucidum rotation cropping is dug out rotten wood after usually fructification harvesting, and 1 year crop planting is carried out, the
It is segment wood cultivated ganoderma lucidum to be carried out again within 3 years.And respectively by after crop rotation rape and rice, cultivating ganoderma again, the result shows that wheel
Make its ganoderma lucidum former base after rape and form that less, hypoevolutism, fructification cap are small and branch is more, yield is seriously reduced, crop rotation
After rice, formed compared to First Year its former base later, stem is short, and cap is small, low output.As character pair ratio is shown in front of and after ganoderma lucidum crop rotation
The following table 1,2.
Character pair ratio before and after 1 ganoderma lucidum crop rotation rape of table
| Ganoderma lucidum character | Stem length (cm) | Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | Cap thickness (cm) | Dry yield (kg/m2) |
| Ganoderma lucidum before crop rotation | 11.36±2.15 | 17.86±3.52 | 2.18±0.65 | 1.61 |
| Ganoderma lucidum after rape rotation | 10.35±2.03 | 11.85±2.32 | 1.93±0.44 | 0.77 |
Character pair ratio before and after 2 ganoderma lucidum crop rotation rice of table
| Ganoderma lucidum character | Stem length (cm) | Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | Cap thickness (cm) | Dry yield (kg/m2) |
| Ganoderma lucidum before crop rotation | 11.36±2.15 | 17.86±3.52 | 2.18±0.65 | 1.61 |
| Ganoderma lucidum after rice crop rotation | 9.27±3.18 | 13.58±4.31 | 1.84±0.42 | 1.06 |
In view of the status of ganoderma lucidum artificial cultivation, the obstacle phenomenon of ganoderma lucidum sequential cropping cultivation is very universal in ganoderma lucidum planting site, leads to
It crosses the screening of culture material formula, the selection of cultivar and reinforces the measures such as planting environment management to improve ganoderma lucidum yield and product
Matter its effect is unsatisfactory, the present inventor is intended to provide continuous cropping section in a kind of completely new ganoderma lucidum room under this application background
Log cultivation method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in the completely new ganoderma lucidum room of one kind, gained ganoderma lucidum
Yield is high, quality is good.
Continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room of the present invention, includes the following steps：
A, bacteria stick culture period：Lucidum strain is seeded on Duan Mu, carries out indoor culture；
B, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, including stem growth phase, cap differential period：Room is carried out after the wooden bacterium germination of section is mature
Interior covering culture substrate cultivation, carries out indoor culture；
C, fructification picking time：After harvesting mature ganoderma lucidum, Duan Mu is dug out from culture substrate, culture substrate returns to farmland.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the condition of interior culture described in step A and step B is：
The condition of interior culture described in step A is：
(1) keeping indoor carbon dioxide concentration is 0.1-0.3%；
(2) 15-28 DEG C of room temperature is controlled；
(3) indoor humidity 60-70% is controlled；
The condition of culture is in sporophore growth phase room described in step B：
(1) stem growth phase keeps room air gas concentration lwevel in 0.08-0.1%；
(2) cap differential period keeps indoor carbon dioxide concentration 0.03-0.05%；
(3) control room temperature is 20-30 DEG C；
(4) control indoor humidity is 85-90%；
(5) control earthing culture substrate water content is 18-30%；
(6) control indoor illumination intensity is the lux 20-6000.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is because ganoderma lucidum is aerobic fungi, dioxy that (1) described in step A, which keeps room air circulation,
The excessive concentration for changing carbon is unfavorable for mycelia growth, therefore carbon dioxide content can be effectively controlled in interior.It is preferred that controlling：Step A bacteria stick
It is 0.2% that culture period, which controls carbon dioxide content,；The interim stem growth phase of step B sporophore growth controls carbon dioxide content
It is 0.1%, it is 0.05% that cap differential period sporophore growth phase, which controls gas concentration lwevel,.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is because ganoderma lucidum belongs to high-temperature constant that (2) control room temperature described in step A, which is 15-28 DEG C,
Warm fungi, preferably 28 DEG C of the optimum temperature of mycelial growth.Described in step B (3) control room temperature be 20-30 DEG C condition compared with
It is suitble to ganoderma lucidum growth, cap and fructification are difficult to be formed if lower than 20 DEG C, and described preferred 25-30 DEG C of control room temperature.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, (4) control indoor humidity described in step B is because the growth and development of ganoderma lucidum needs abundance
Moisture and higher ambient humidity, therefore controlling indoor humidity is not less than 85%, meet indoor humidity is advisable for 85-90%.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, (5) control culture substrate water content described in step B is because must assure that mycelia grows institute
The moisture needed.Water content is lower than 18%, then cannot keep the skin wet completely to mycelia growth, and moisture is higher than 30%, then influences soil
The aeration of earth causes mycelia anoxic and is unable to normal growth.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, (6) control indoor illumination intensity is the lux 20-6000 described in step B, wherein：Step B
It is the lux 20-1000 (Lux or Lx), step B fructification that sporophore growth phase stem growth phase, which controls indoor illumination intensity,
Cap growth period, indoor illumination intensity differential period is the lux 1500-6000 (Lux or Lx).
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the Duan Mu of the Qinggang Duan Muwei tree of the segment wood cultivated use.Sichuan province is selected separate
Qinggang trees in living area, trees requirement forming layer is flourishing, arborescence is hard, bark is thicker.It selects necessary before soil and water source
Agriculture residual, Analysis of Heavy Metal are carried out to it, firmly avoid any one exceeded.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the culture substrate is sand soil, clay soil, loam, river sand, rice soil at least one.
Wherein, it is preferred to use loam or river sand:Rice soil weight ratio is 1:1 composite soil.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, (5) control culture substrate water content described in step B can be used micro- spray drop and fill, manually spray；
It is preferred that being filled using micro- spray drop.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the indoor growing is cultivated in color steel greenhouse.And it is provided with window and guarantees sky
Light is scattered required for flow of air and ganoderma lucidum growth.
Actual selection of the area of the coloured silk steel greenhouse according to place, high at least 6 meters of guarantee.Adoptable specification is：
2m wide × 30m long；4m wide × 30m long；6m wide × 30m long；8m wide × 30m long；It is preferred that using 4m wide × 30m long；
6m wide × 30m long；Most preferably 6m wide × 30m long.The coloured silk steel greenhouse establishes two rows of windows, window in liftoff 1m high and 3m long eminence
Family is grown tall having a size of 1.5m wide × 2m, 2 meters of every row's window interval；
The indoor growing is cultivated in color steel greenhouse, is hardened to the ground cement in color steel greenhouse；Preferably,
Hardening depth is at least 10cm, and convenient transportation vehicle replaces culture substrate.
The beneficial effect of continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room of the present invention：
1, convenient for management, it is not afraid of and exposes to wind and rain.
2, replaceable culture substrate continuous cultivation.
3, culture substrate can avoid heavy metal and the exceeded soil of agriculture residual with unrestricted choice, realize quality controllable, guarantee
The organic farming of ganoderma lucidum.
4, the temperature difference is small in canopy, and fructification shape is neatly regular, and cultivation gained ganoderma lucidum yield is high, and quality is good.
5, can Economization on land, avoid replacement cultivation area repeatedly.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples remakes continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room of the present invention
It is further to be described in detail, illustrate but does not limit the present invention.
1, cultural method culture substrate screening test of the present invention
6m wide × 30m long arched shed is selected indoors, is divided into 4 processing modes, processing A (sand soil), processing B (cement
Soil), processing C (loam), processing D (river sand:Rice soil=1:1), 3 repetitions of each processing, using identical heavy between each processing
The culture substrate of amount cultivates the Duan Mu of identical weight.
As a result 3 be see the table below
3 different culture medium matter comparative test of table
| Test process | Handle A | Handle B | Handle C | Handle D |
| Sesame uniformity out | +++ | ++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| Stem length (cm) | 10.32 | 8.45 | 11.43 | 12.04 |
| Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | 15.24 | 17.28 | 17.52 | 18.20 |
| Cap thickness (cm) | 1.68 | 1.43 | 1.94 | 1.95 |
| Dry yield (kg/m2) | 1.46 | 1.34 | 1.52 | 1.66 |
Use river sand and rice soil 1:1 mixing, effect is best, has both gas permeability and water-retaining property
2, cultural method irrigation technology screening test of the present invention
6m wide × 30m long arched shed is selected indoors, is divided into 2 processing modes, is investigated following micro- spray drop and is filled and artificial sprinkling irrigation
Benefit, as a result 3 repetitions of each processing see the table below 4：
The different irrigation technology benefit comparisons of table 4
Benefit comparison, fills income using micro- spray drop and improves 1.35 ten thousand yuan by 20 mu of cultivated area.
3, different cultivation mode sequential cropping cultivation comparative tests
Cultivation of glossy ganoderma comparative test has been carried out in outdoor and interior respectively, has been divided into 2 processing, processing 1：Interior uses 6m wide
× 30m long arched shed, processing 2：It is outdoor equally to use 6m wide × 30m long arched shed, 6 needle sunshade nets are put up on arched shed.Each processing 3 times
It repeats, cultivates identical section of wood in 2 each canopies of processing 1 and processing, similarly managed.Test result such as the following table 5：
5 First Year difference cultivation mode comparative test of table
After inventor is using above-mentioned indoor continuous cropping wood cultured Ganoderma lucidum fructification all harvesting, digging out will after the rotten wood of the inside
Soil returns to farmland, carries out the replacement of soil.Second year carries out sequential cropping cultivation in same place respectively, and indoor sequential cropping cultivation is logical
Replacement earthing matrix is crossed, is not sterilized.Cultivation in farmland is by carrying out continuous cropping after carrying out lime disinfection to soil.Method is same as above, as a result
Such as the following table 6：
6 second year difference cultivation mode sequential cropping cultivation comparative test of table
Indoor sequential cropping cultivation method and farmland sequential cropping cultivation method is respectively adopted to ganoderma lucidum in 4-7 month simultaneously in inventor
Gas epidemic disaster and intensity of sunshine are compared, data such as the following table 7：
Table 7
It is by above-mentioned record as it can be seen that smaller using indoor sequential cropping cultivation temperature change, and the temperature difference is larger in field production canopy, no
Conducive to the development of fructification.Indoor medial humidity is able to maintain 85% or so, and field production medial humidity changes greatly.
4, different cultivation mode cost-benefits compare
Cultivated area the results are shown in Table 8 in terms of 100 mu.
Table 8
To sum up, convenient for management using continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room of the present invention, it is not afraid of and exposes to wind and rain；It is replaceable
Culture substrate continuous cultivation；Culture substrate can avoid heavy metal and the exceeded soil of agriculture residual with unrestricted choice, realize that quality can
Control, guarantees the organic farming of ganoderma lucidum；The temperature difference is small in canopy, and fructification shape is neatly regular, and cultivation gained ganoderma lucidum yield is high, quality
It is good；Can Economization on land, avoid replacement cultivation area repeatedly.
Claims (8)
1. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
A, bacteria stick culture period：Lucidum strain is seeded on Duan Mu, carries out indoor culture；
B, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody growth period, including stem growth phase, cap differential period：Interior is carried out after the wooden bacterium germination of section is mature to cover
The cultivation of lid culture substrate, carries out Room management；Culture substrate uses loam or river sand:Rice soil weight ratio is 1:1 mixing
Soil；
C, fructification picking time：After harvesting mature ganoderma lucidum, Duan Mu is dug out from culture substrate, culture substrate returns to farmland；
The condition of interior culture described in step A is：
(1) keeping indoor carbon dioxide concentration is 0.1-0.3%；
(2) 15-28 DEG C of room temperature is controlled；
(3) indoor humidity 60-70% is controlled；
The condition of culture is in the room step B：
(1) stem growth phase keeps room air gas concentration lwevel in 0.08-0.1%；
(2) cap differential period keeps indoor carbon dioxide concentration 0.03-0.05%；
(3) control room temperature is 20-30 DEG C；
(4) control indoor humidity is 85-90%；
(5) control covering culture substrate water content is 18-30%；
(6) control indoor illumination intensity is the lux 20-6000；
The control covering culture substrate water content is filled using micro- spray drop or artificial sprinkling irrigation.
2. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step A bacteria stick culture period
Controlling carbon dioxide content is 0.2%；It is 0.1% that step B stem growth phase, which controls gas concentration lwevel, cap differential period
Controlling carbon dioxide content is 0.05%.
3. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step A controls Indoor Temperature
Degree is 28 DEG C；It is 25-30 DEG C that step B, which controls room temperature,.
4. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step B sporophore growth
Interim stem growth phase control indoor illumination intensity is the lux 20-1000, step B cap differential period sporophore growth phase
Control indoor illumination intensity is the lux 1500-6000.
5. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described section of wood is Qing Gangshu
Duan Mu.
6. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The indoor growing is cultivated in color steel greenhouse, and the coloured silk steel greenhouse is provided with window.
7. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The face of the coloured silk steel greenhouse
Actual selection of the product according to place, at least 6 meters of height；Specification is：2m wide × 30m long；4m wide × 30m long；6m wide × 30m long；8m
Width × 30m long.
8. continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method in ganoderma lucidum room according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In the coloured silk steel greenhouse
Ground cement hardening, hardening depth are at least 10cm.
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| CN109566262B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-02-02 | 上海市农业科学院 | Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method for producing spore powder |
| CN109548559B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-04-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method only producing fruiting bodies |
| CN111386960A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-07-10 | 吉林农业科技学院 | Mechanism research of ganoderma lucidum continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114747443A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-15 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for rotation of ganoderma lucidum and rice |
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| JPH0736733B2 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1995-04-26 | 純也 大久保 | How to cultivate Agaricus blazii mushrooms |
| US5048227A (en) * | 1988-05-05 | 1991-09-17 | Junya Okubo | Method of cultivating agaricus blazei mushroom |
| CN1545839A (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2004-11-17 | 湖南农大园林发展中心 | Cultivation method of alive Glossy Ganoderma potted landscape |
| CN103563644B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-11-25 | 黄艳芳 | The cultivation method of a kind of large red glossy ganoderma |
| CN103168617B (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2014-07-30 | 杭州益禾农业科技有限公司 | Cut-log cultivation method of polyporusrhinocerus cooke |
| CN104541938B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2018-06-08 | 杭州常青保健食品有限公司 | A kind of ganoderma lucidum merges cultural method |
| CN104054511B (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-09-23 | 南京金湖食用菌专业合作社 | A kind of glossy ganoderma breeding method |
| CN104446710A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-03-25 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | Lucid ganoderma cultivation medium, preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation medium and lucid ganoderma cultivation method |
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