JPH0736733B2 - How to cultivate Agaricus blazii mushrooms - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Agaricus blazei, which is a kind of mushrooms belonging to the genus Agaricus.

[Prior Art] It is known that Agaricus blazii is used in the present invention, but mushrooms (Agaricus bisuporus) are commercially cultivated as a fungus of the same genus. It's about to come.

As for the commercial cultivation method of mushrooms, matchbox-sized inoculum is arranged in a fungal bed made of compost or the like at intervals of about 30 cm and inoculated with the inoculum. Cultivate at a temperature of 18-22 ° C and a humidity of 60-70% and cover the soil about 10 days after inoculation. Then, a fungus pool is formed at the boundary between the fungus bed and the cover soil, and fruiting bodies are generated from there. Therefore, it is optimal that the cover soil has a thickness of 2.5 to 3 cm.If it is thicker than that, the occurrence of fruiting bodies will be extremely reduced, and even if it occurs, the stems will be elongated and the fruiting body has no commercial value. It was

The agaricus brazii used in the present invention is a basidiomycete that is naturally eaten locally because it grows naturally in the mountainous area of the other part of the Sangeoje Dorio plate in the northwestern part of Sao Paulo City, Brazil, and the fruiting body has a conical shape. The shape of the umbrella is bell-shaped, the color of the outer surface of the umbrella is brown, the color of the handle is white to milky white, the size of the umbrella is 5-10 cm, and the size of the handle grows up to 15 cm. The shape of the edge and inner surface of the umbrella is conical, the folds are radial, the edges of the folds are curled, the way of attaching the handle is central, the shape of the handle is equal diameter 8 (the root is swollen), The surface is conical when white powder is shaken, and the growth is sporadic.

Conventional methods for cultivating the basidiomycete are described in JP-A-53-138853 and JP-B-58-38126.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above cultivation method, there is no description of cultivation temperature, humidity, etc., and the present fungus and mushrooms are handled in the same manner.

The present inventor has found out various differences from the mushroom morphology in which the present bacterium belongs to the same genus, and established an optimum cultivation method for the present bacterium to arrive at the present invention.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In the method for cultivating Agaricus blazii mushrooms, which is the first invention according to the present invention, a fungus bed formed by compost is inoculated with an inoculum, and a mycelium is implanted on the fungus bed. After that, in the method of cultivating Agaricus blazii mushrooms that covers the fungus bed with soil to generate fruiting bodies, the cultivation temperature is 20 ° C or higher, the humidity is 85 to 95%, and the soil is 3 mm.
The following sand sand soil is used, the thickness of the cover soil is set to more than 4 cm and not more than 6 cm, and the cultivation temperature difference between day and night is at least 3 ° C. during the fruit body extension period.

In the method for cultivating Agaricus blazii mushrooms which is the second invention according to the present invention, the cultivation temperature is 28 ° C., the humidity is 95%,
The thickness of the soil cover is made to be approximately 5 cm evenly over the entire surface.

In addition, according to the novel knowledge of the present inventor, the cultivation conditions for the agaricus blazii mushroom used in the present invention are:
20 ~ 30 ℃ preferably 28 ℃, humidity 80 ~ 95% preferably
95%, when inoculating the compost with inoculum and the hyphae are fully implanted and then covered with soil, the hyphae form a fungal pool layer 4 cm above the compost and then form fruit bodies from the layer . This is a developmental form not seen in mushrooms, and when the temperature is 20 ° C or lower during fruiting body formation, no fruiting body is formed at all and the hyphae propagate as they are.

In addition, during the fruit body growth period, at least the difference in cultivation temperature between day and night
By setting the temperature to 30 ° C, preferably 3 to 5 ° C, a solid fruiting body is formed.

[Examples] Bacterial pool layer test Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a partial cross section of a bacterial bed used. Compost 2 was packed to a depth of 20 cm in a fungal bed frame 1 formed of a wooden frame having a side of 100 cm and a depth of 30 cm, and seed bacteria were sprayed on the entire surface to inoculate. Cultivation was carried out at a cultivation temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 85 to 95%. On the 20th day after the inoculation, it was confirmed that mycelia propagated throughout the soil, and the soil was covered with a sandy soil 3 having a particle size of 3 mm or less. At this time the first
As shown in the figure, the soil was covered in a concave shape in the longitudinal direction so that the cross section was depressed at the center. The lowest part of the central part was 3 cm, and the highest parts of both ends were 10 cm. About 35 days after covering with soil, the fruit bodies 5 were formed in rows in the longitudinal direction in the portion of 4.5 to 5.5 cm above the compost surface.

Looking at the cross section, as shown in Fig. 1, the fungal reservoir layer 4 is formed on the entire surface 4 cm above the compost surface, and the fruiting body 5 is formed on the place where the soil covering from the fungal reservoir layer 4 is 1 cm thick. I found out that it would be done.

As a result, it has been confirmed that the optimum thickness of the cover soil is 5 cm above the surface of the compost.

Optimum temperature / humidity Similar to the upper fungal reservoir layer test, we prepared several fungal beds formed of a wooden frame of 100 cm on each side and 30 cm in depth. The whole surface was sprayed and inoculated. Humidity in cultivation room is 80%, cultivation temperature is 18 ℃, 20 ℃, 24
Cultivation was performed in the same manner at ℃, 26 ℃, 28 ℃, 30 ℃. Twenty days after the inoculation, no significant difference was observed in the hyphal growth of each fungal bed, and the uniform implantation was confirmed on the entire surface.

When all the cover soil was laid on the whole surface with a thickness of 5 cm with a sand sand with a particle size of 30 mm or less, and each was continuously cultivated under the above conditions, on the 25th day of the cover soil, the occurrence of fruiting bodies was first confirmed in the 28 ° C fungal bed. Was done. The occurrence of fruiting bodies was confirmed in the fungus bed at 26 ° C and 30 ° C on the 35th day of soil cover. On the 60th day of soil cover, the occurrence of fruiting bodies was confirmed in the bacterial bed at 20 ° C. However, at 18 ℃, the occurrence of fruiting bodies was not confirmed, and it was confirmed that digestion of compost proceeded in the state of mycelia.

Furthermore, the humidity was 95% when the fruit body was prominently generated in the vicinity of the humidifier to keep the humidity in the cultivation room constant at 28 ° C. The optimum humidity was confirmed to be 80 to 95%, preferably 95%, because fruiting bodies were not generated where water drops always dropped.

Enrichment of fruiting bodies When the temperature difference between day and night was made constant during the fruiting body growth period, the stems formed fruit bodies with long stretches. Therefore, we decided to change the temperature difference between day and night. Daytime cultivation temperature is 28
When the cultivation temperature was ℃ and the cultivation temperature at night was 23 ℃, the fruit bodies with thick stems were obtained.

In the fungus bed satisfying the optimum conditions of the above three conditions, fruit body development was observed 47 days after the inoculation, and it was harvested around 52 days. Around 10 days after harvest, a second fruiting body is generated, and similarly, third and fourth fruiting bodies are generated.

According to the cultivation method of the present invention, a total of 10 kg or more of fruit bodies was harvested in the fungus bed of the above-mentioned wooden frame in 6 months.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention establishes an optimal cultivation method for agaricus blazii, and has effects such as effective fruit compost formation by effectively utilizing compost of a fungal bed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a partial cross section of the bacterial bed used.
In the figure, 1 is a fungal bed frame, 2 is compost, 3 is sand sand, 4 is a fungal reservoir layer, and 5 is fruit bodies.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating Agaricus blazei mushrooms, comprising inoculating a fungus bed formed of compost with an inoculum, and imposing hyphae on the fungus bed, and then covering the fungus bed with soil to generate fruiting bodies. , Cultivation temperature 20 ℃ or more, humidity 85-95%, the soil cover 3mm
Cultivation of Agaricus blazei mushroom characterized by the following mass sand soil, the thickness of the cover soil not exceeding 4 cm and not exceeding 6 cm, and the difference in cultivation temperature between day and night being at least 3 ° C. during the fruit body growing period. Method. 2. The method for cultivating Agaricus blazii mushrooms according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation temperature is 28 ° C., the humidity is 95%, and the thickness of the covering soil is approximately 5 cm evenly over the entire surface.