KR20010044390A - Cultivating method to poterbella mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A process for cultivating Porterbella mushroom is provided, thereby the Porterbella mushroom can be cheaply cultivated at wide range of temperature, especially low temperature and its quality can be improved. CONSTITUTION: The process for cultivating Porterbella mushroom comprises the steps of: drying rice straw; cutting the root of beans; pulverizing and drying yellow soil and mixing the yellow soil with limestone to produce the yellow soil mixture; spreading the dried rice straw on the plate of a cultivating house; covering the powder of bean root on the rice straw layer; fermenting medium at 25 to 30 deg.C for 2 to 3 days; pasteurizing it at 55 to 60 deg.C for 2 to 3 hours; covering the yellow soil mixture on the bean root powder layer; secondly fermenting the medium at 23 to 27 deg.C for 1 to 2 days; inoculating the seed of Porterbella mushroom to the medium; and cultivating it at 19 to 25 deg.C for 15 to 20 days then at 11 to 16 deg.C for 45 to 60 days.

Description

Cultivating method to poterbella mushroom

The present invention provides a uniform mixture of ocher and limestone mixed with loess and limestone having excellent water retention and warmth in compost formed by mixing and fermenting a certain amount of soybean crop roots in rice straw to promote the decomposition of rice straw and to reinforce the nutritional source of the cultivated mushrooms. By spreading to form a medium by incubating the medium and inoculating the medium with the seedlings of the Portella mushrooms, the mushrooms can be grown in a wider temperature range, especially at a lower temperature than the conventional cultivation method, and the cost of cultivation is reduced and the quality of the photobellar is greatly improved. It relates to a method of growing mushrooms.

Mushrooms do not have photosynthesis due to lack of chlorophyll, so they grow and absorb nutrients and moisture from the decomposition of organic matter of dead plants through mycelia. Of these mushrooms, the United States is a native of white, and the mushroom shade of 60 to 90 mm in diameter, the Portella mushrooms are popular in developed countries because they are excellent in taste and nutrition and particularly strong in fragrance, and are expected to contribute greatly to increasing farm income. It is a mushroom being.

Conventional cultivation method of the Portella mushroom is a compost formed by mixing a fertilizer of a certain amount of organic fertilizer and sugar water and fermented in a mushroom cultivation bottle of a certain size, inoculate the seedlings of the belladonna mushroom, spawn inoculated mushroom cultivation bottle The temperature of the mushroom grower is mounted on the mushroom cultivation table of the mushroom cultivator equipped with the watering facility, and the water is sprinkled from time to time to keep the moisture content of the compost constant. The temperature of the mushroom cultivator is 25 ~ 27 ℃ during the period of mycelial growth and during the fruiting period. The fruiting body is grown and cultivated by keeping it at 14-16 degreeC correctly.

The conventional method of cultivating the Portobella mushroom requires a lot of installation cost of the mushroom grower because it needs to install auxiliary equipments such as a mushroom planting stand and a mushroom cultivation bottle and an unloading mechanism, in which a temperature control device and a watering device are separately installed. In addition, because the cultivation of the Portabella mushroom in a mushroom cultivation bottle containing fermented compost by mixing sawdust, organic fertilizer and sugar water, there is a problem that the production cost and labor costs and other expenses of the compost is high and economical low.

If the mushroom grower's temperature exceeds 27 ℃ during the fungal mycelium culture period, the fungus will grow in the compost in the mushroom cultivation bottle, and the germination rate of the hyphae will decrease. It becomes very difficult, so the temperature range suitable for mycelial culture is very narrow. In addition, when the temperature of mushroom growers exceeds 16 ℃ during fruiting period, the size, taste, and nutrition of the grown mushrooms decrease. However, when the temperature is lower than 14 ℃, the growth of fruiting bodies is very poor. The range is very narrow as 14-16 degreeC. Therefore, the temperature control in the mushroom cultivation process is very difficult, especially when grown at a low temperature even a little above the temperature range there is a problem that the harvest of the product value of the Portella mushroom is virtually impossible.

An object of the present invention is to promote the decomposition of rice straw and to reinforce the nutrient source of the cultivated mushrooms, a mixture of fermented soybean crop roots in rice straw and fermented to the compost formed by the fermentation of ocher and limestone mixed with excellent water retention and warmth in the compost By spraying to a certain thickness to form a medium and inoculating the seedlings of photobella mushrooms, the mushrooms can be grown in a wider temperature range, especially at a lower temperature, than in the conventional growing method, and the cost of growing and greatly improving the quality of the growing mushrooms To provide.

Soybean crop roots contain enzymes that break down cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which are the main components of rice straw, so when mixed with rice straw and fermented at the same time, it promotes the decomposition of rice straw. It acts as a stimulator for the growth of portobella mushrooms.

Ocher has very low thermal conductivity, so it is excellent in heat retention, so when sprayed with a certain thickness on the compost, it preserves the heat generated in the compost layer, enabling the cultivation of photobella mushrooms at a lower temperature than conventional cultivation methods. The water content of the layer is kept constant, and also contains a large amount of minerals required for mushroom growth.

Limestone neutralizes ocher and compost to maintain pH7-7.4, which is suitable for the growth of portella mushrooms. Since limestone is bactericidal, it contains microorganisms in small amounts in loess, especially soybean crop roots when sprayed on compost. Carry out the action of sterilizing the various microorganisms.

Rice straw is dried at a drying rate of 95% or more in order to promote degradation during fermentation and to allow rice straw cells to die so that no microorganism other than the Portobella mushroom is grown in the fermented compost. Soybean crop roots, agricultural by-products that were conventionally discarded or used as fertilizers, are cut to a length of 3-5 cm to facilitate spraying and to be evenly mixed with rice straw.

Ocher, which has good water retention and warmth, is crushed into powder using a grinder and completely dried. Limestone, which performs a neutralizing and bactericidal action, is ground into a powder using a grinder and completely dried. 90 wt% of the ocher powder and 10 wt% of limestone powder are mixed to form an ocher mixture.

The dried rice straw is excreted at the bottom of the mushroom grower to a thickness of 20 to 30 cm. It is convenient to bundle dried rice straw to form rice straw beds with a diameter of 20 to 30 cm and to arrange them in a single layer on the bottom of the mushroom grower. When the rice straw is excreted in the mushroom cultivator as described above, rice straw is excreted at a ratio of 60 to 80 kg per floor area. Mushroom growers are formed steam pipes or heat pipes so as to arbitrarily control the internal temperature, it is preferable to form a water spraying device.

To promote the decomposition of cellulose, hemi cellulose, and lignin, which are the main components of rice straw, and to reinforce the nutritional source of mushrooms, the roots of soybean crops cut to length of 3-5 cm on the surface of rice straw placed on mushroom cultivation plants Spray it evenly at the rate of 5-10 kg per 1 square meter.

Watering regularly the stack of rice straw and soybean crop roots to maintain the moisture content of the stack 60 ~ 70% to maintain the temperature of mushroom growers at 25 ~ 30 ℃ for 2-3 days by stacking the rice straw and soybean crop roots Fermentation is carried out to form compost. Watering the stacks of rice straw and soybean crop roots is preferably watered by a sprinkling device formed in a mushroom grower, but spraying water with a hose may be used.

In order to prevent the growth of different types of microorganisms in the composting of mushrooms and the development of pests in the mushrooms, the compost fermented in the first fermentation process is maintained by maintaining the temperature of the mushroom grower at 55-60 ° C. for 2 to 3 hours. Sterilize.

The ocher mixture is sprinkled with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm on the surface of the compost sterilized in the sterilization process to form a medium for cultivating Photobella mushroom. In the conventional cultivation process of the Portobella mushroom, the water content must be kept constant by sprinkling water in the mushroom cultivation bottle, but in the present invention, the mushrooms are grown every day because the mushroom is grown in a medium in which an excellent conservative and warmth layer is formed on the surface of the compost. Even if water is sprayed only for 3 times, the water content of the medium is kept constant.

Water is periodically sprayed on the medium formed during the formation of the medium to maintain the moisture content of the ocher layer of the medium at 60 to 65%, and the temperature of the mushroom grower is maintained at 23 to 27 ° C. for 1 to 2 days, followed by secondary fermentation. When the temperature of the mushroom grower in the second fermentation process exceeds 27 ℃, it is easy to breed other kinds of microorganisms in the medium, while the secondary fermentation does not occur properly in the medium below 23 ℃.

The seedlings of the Portella mushroom are inoculated at a depth of 4.5-5 cm into the medium fermented in the second fermentation at a rate of 4-5 kg per 1 square meter of medium. During the inoculation process, water is regularly sprayed on the medium inoculated with spawn every one to three times daily to maintain the moisture content of the ocher layer of the medium at 65 to 70%, the humidity in the air at 80 to 95%, and to maintain the temperature of the mushroom grower. The germination and germination of the mycelium is carried out by spawning for 15 to 20 days in a wider range of 19 to 25 ℃ than conventional cultivation method. Because the ocher layer is formed on the surface of the medium, it is possible to maintain the temperature range of mushroom cultivators more broadly than the conventional cultivation methods and to be less affected by temperature changes, and in particular, normal germination and cultivation of mycelia even at low temperatures of 19 ° C. to 23 ° C. This is possible.

During the hyphae culture process, water is periodically sprayed on the medium in which the hyphae is cultured 1 to 3 times daily to increase the moisture content of the ocher layer of the medium to 60 to 65%, the humidity in the air to 75 to 90%, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. It is maintained at 0.08 to 0.1% and the temperature of the mushroom grower is maintained for 45 to 60 days in a temperature range of 11 to 16 ° C, which is wider than that of the conventional cultivation method, to grow fruiting bodies grown from the mycelium to grow the cultivation of the Photobella mushroom. About 7 days after entering the fruiting process, fruiting bodies appear on the surface of the medium and continue to grow. Since the ocher layer is formed on the surface of the medium, the temperature range of mushroom cultivators can be maintained more broadly than the conventional cultivation method in the process of fruiting, and is less affected by temperature change. Normal growth is possible.

In the fruiting body growth process, fruiting bodies are fully grown to harvest mushrooms that have been cultivated, and the harvested photobellagi mushrooms have a diameter of 70 to 95 mm, which is 10 to 10 sizes larger than the photobellagic mushrooms grown by the conventional method. It is 20% larger and has a higher moisture content, so it has better meat quality and a much better aroma.

In the method of cultivating the Portobella mushroom according to the present invention, a medium is formed by spraying a mixture of ocher and limestone, which has excellent water retention and warmth, to a compost obtained by mixing and fermenting soybean crop roots with a certain amount of rice straw to a constant thickness to form a medium. By inoculating bella mushroom spawn, mushrooms can be grown at a wider temperature range, especially at lower temperatures than conventional cultivation methods, and require less cost, labor, and other expenses for mushroom growers. Much better than Portobella mushrooms grown by the method.

Claims (1)

In the cultivation of Porterbella mushrooms, Drying the rice straw with a drying rate of 95% or more, cutting the soybean crop roots to a length of 3 to 5 cm, crushing the loess into a powder and drying it completely, and adding 90% by weight of limestone powder to 90% by weight of the loess powder. The process of forming the ocher mixture by mixing, excreted dried straw in the mushroom cultivation to 20 ~ 30 ㎝ thickness, and spreading the soybean crop roots on the surface of the straw to evenly sprayed at a rate of 5 ~ 10 kg per straw area Forming water, maintaining the moisture content of the laminate at 60 to 70%, maintaining the temperature of mushroom cultivation at 25 to 30 ° C. for 2 to 3 days, and fermenting the temperature of mushroom cultivation to 55 to 60 ° C. Sterilizing the first fermented compost by maintaining for 2-3 hours, spraying the ocher mixture to a thickness of 3 to 4 cm on the surface of the sterilized compost to form a medium, andMaintaining the temperature of the mushroom grower at a water content of 60 to 65% for 1 to 2 days at 23 to 27 ° C. for second fermentation; The process of germinating and cultivating mycelium in the spawn seedlings by maintaining the temperature of the mushroom grower at a temperature of 65 to 70% and maintaining the temperature of the mushroom grower at 19 to 25 ° C. for 15 to 20 days. A method of culturing photobelladonnas, comprising the process of growing the fruiting body of mycelia by maintaining the temperature of the mushroom grower at 11 to 16 ° C. for 45 to 60 days at 60 to 65% of the moisture content of the ocher layer.