CN105265178A - Lucid ganoderma indoor continuous cropping cut log cultivation method - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma indoor continuous cropping cut log cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105265178A CN105265178A CN201510817290.3A CN201510817290A CN105265178A CN 105265178 A CN105265178 A CN 105265178A CN 201510817290 A CN201510817290 A CN 201510817290A CN 105265178 A CN105265178 A CN 105265178A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fungi cultivation, and provides a lucid ganoderma indoor continuous cropping cut log cultivation method, for solving the technical problem of providing a novel method by which obtained lucid ganoderma is high in output and is of high quality. The method comprises the following steps: A, at a fungus stick culture stage, inoculating a lucid ganoderma bacterial strain on a cut log for indoor culture; B, during a lucid ganoderma fruiting body growing period comprising a stipe growth phase and a pileus differentiation phase, after spawn running maturity on the cut log, carrying out indoor coverage culture matrix cultivation, and carrying out indoor management; and C, during a fruiting body harvesting period, after mature lucid ganoderma is harvested, digging the cut log out from a culture matrix, and returning the culture matrix to a farmland.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fungi cultivation field, be specifically related to the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of a kind of glossy ganoderma.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma section wood artificial cultivation often adopts the mode of changing ground or crop rotation at present, and glossy ganoderma is segment wood cultivated cannot carry out continuous cropping, and after continuous cropping, soil damage by disease and insect increases the weight of, and has a strong impact on the yield and quality of glossy ganoderma.
Glossy ganoderma section wood sequential cropping cultivation normally adopts lime to disinfecting soil, again cultivate after sterilization, but effect is bad, because the soil pH required for Mycelium Growth of Ganoderma lucidum is between 5.5-7, and 7 must be greater than by its soil pH after lime disinfection, have a strong impact on the growth of mycelia thus cause the decline of yield and quality.Along with the increasing of log glossy ganoderma cultivated area, glossy ganoderma Soil-sickness Problem more and more highlights, and glossy ganoderma sequential cropping cultivation easily causes the change of soil microflora structure, damage by disease and insect increases the weight of, and a lot of research does not at present have the basic reason of eliminating continuous cropping obstacle.Segment wood cultivated trouble of throughout the year changing ground can be solved by the present invention, fundamentally solve the continuous cropping obstacle of glossy ganoderma.
Glossy ganoderma rotation cropping is that normally rotten wood digs out after gathering by fruit body, carries out the proportion of crop planting of a year, and again carried out glossy ganoderma in the 3rd year segment wood cultivated.And respectively by after crop rotation rape and paddy rice, cultivating ganoderma again, after its result shows crop rotation rape, the former base of its glossy ganoderma forms less, hypoevolutism, fruit body cap is little and branch is more, output seriously reduces, after crop rotation paddy rice, compare its former base of First Year and formed more late, stem is short, cap is little, yields poorly.As before and after glossy ganoderma crop rotation, character pair ratio sees the following form 1,2.
Character pair ratio before and after table 1 glossy ganoderma crop rotation rape
| Glossy ganoderma proterties | Stem length (cm) | Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | Cap thickness (cm) | Dry yield (kg/m 2) |
| Glossy ganoderma before crop rotation | 11.36±2.15 | 17.86±3.52 | 2.18±0.65 | 1.61 |
| Glossy ganoderma after rape rotation | 10.35±2.03 | 11.85±2.32 | 1.93±0.44 | 0.77 |
Character pair ratio before and after table 2 glossy ganoderma crop rotation paddy rice
| Glossy ganoderma proterties | Stem length (cm) | Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | Cap thickness (cm) | Dry yield (kg/m 2) |
| Glossy ganoderma before crop rotation | 11.36±2.15 | 17.86±3.52 | 2.18±0.65 | 1.61 |
| Glossy ganoderma after paddy rice crop rotation | 9.27±3.18 | 13.58±4.31 | 1.84±0.42 | 1.06 |
In view of the tame present situation of glossy ganoderma, the obstacle phenomenon of glossy ganoderma sequential cropping cultivation is very general at glossy ganoderma planting site, its effect of glossy ganoderma yield and quality is improved unsatisfactory by measures such as the screening of culture material formula, the selection of cultivar and the management of reinforcement planting environment, the present inventor under this application background, for providing a kind of brand-new glossy ganoderma indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention provides a kind of brand-new glossy ganoderma indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method, and gained glossy ganoderma output is high, quality better.
The indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A, bacterium rod culture period: lucidum strain is seeded on Duan Mu, carries out indoor cultivation;
B, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody vegetative period, comprise stem vegetative stage, cap differential period: carry out the cultivation of in-door covering culture matrix after Duan Mufa bacterium maturation, carry out indoor cultivation;
C, fruit body picking time: gather after ripe glossy ganoderma, from culture matrix, dig out Duan Mu, culture matrix returns to farmland.
In technique scheme, described in steps A and step B, the condition of indoor cultivation is:
The condition of indoor cultivation described in steps A is:
(1) in holding chamber, gas concentration lwevel is 0.1-0.3%;
(2) indoor temperature 15-28 DEG C is controlled;
(3) control room humidity 60-70%;
The condition of indoor cultivation of sporophore growth phase described in step B is:
(1) stem vegetative stage keeps room air gas concentration lwevel at 0.08-0.1%;
(2) gas concentration lwevel 0.03-0.05% in cap differential period holding chamber;
(3) controlling indoor temperature is 20-30 DEG C;
(4) control room humidity is 85-90%;
(5) controlling earthing culture matrix water content is 18-30%;
(6) controlling indoor illumination intensity is 20-6000 lux.
In technique scheme, (1) holding chamber inner air flow described in steps A is that the excessive concentration of carbonic acid gas is unfavorable for mycelial growth, therefore indoor effectively can control carbon dioxide content because glossy ganoderma is aerobic fungi.Preferred control: it is 0.2% that steps A bacterium rod culture period controls carbon dioxide content; It is 0.1% that the interim stem vegetative stage of step B sporophore growth controls carbon dioxide content, and it is 0.05% that cap differential period sporophore growth phase controls gas concentration lwevel.
In technique scheme, described in steps A, (2) control indoor temperature is 15-28 DEG C is because glossy ganoderma belongs to high temperature constant temperature fungi, the optimum temperature of mycelial growth preferably 28 DEG C.(3) described in step B control the comparatively applicable glossy ganoderma growth of condition that indoor temperature is 20-30 DEG C, if lower than 20 DEG C, cap and fruit body are difficult to be formed, the preferred 25-30 DEG C of described control indoor temperature.
In technique scheme, (4) control room humidity described in step B is because growing of glossy ganoderma needs sufficient moisture and higher ambient humidity, therefore control room humidity is for being not less than 85%, and meeting indoor humidity is that 85-90% is advisable.
In technique scheme, (5) described in step B control culture matrix water content is because must ensure the moisture needed for mycelial growth.Water content lower than 18%, then can not keep the skin wet to mycelial growth completely, and moisture is higher than 30%, then influence aeration of the soil, causes mycelia anoxic and can not normal growth.
In technique scheme, (6) described in step B control indoor illumination intensity is 20-6000 lux, wherein: it is 20-1000 lux (Lux or Lx) that step B sporophore growth phase stem vegetative stage controls indoor illumination intensity, and step B sporophore growth phase cap differential period indoor illumination intensity is 1500-6000 lux (Lux or Lx).
In technique scheme, the Duan Mu of Duan Muwei Qinggang tree of described segment wood cultivated employing.Qinggang trees away from living area are selected in Sichuan province, and trees require to form layer prosperity, arborescence is hard, bark is thicker.Must carry out to it before selecting soil and water source that agriculture is residual, Analysis of Heavy Metal, firmly avoid any one to exceed standard.
In technique scheme, described culture matrix is sandy soil, clay soil, loam, river sand, paddy soil at least one.Wherein, preferably adopt loam, or river sand: paddy soil weight ratio is the composite soil of 1:1.
In technique scheme, (5) described in step B control culture matrix water content and micro-spray drop can be adopted to fill with, manually spray; The micro-spray drop of preferred employing is filled with.
In technique scheme, described indoor growing is cultivated in color steel booth.And be provided with window guarantee air flowing and the scattered light required for glossy ganoderma growth.
The area of described color steel booth is according to the actual selection in place, and height at least ensures 6 meters.Adoptable specification is:
2m is wide × and 30m is long; 4m is wide × and 30m is long; 6m is wide × and 30m is long; 8m is wide × and 30m is long; Preferred employing 4m is wide × and 30m is long; 6m is wide × and 30m is long; Most preferably 6m wide × 30m is long.At liftoff 1m, the high and 3m place of growing tall sets up two row's windows to described color steel booth, window size be 1.5m wide × 2m grows tall, often row 2 meters, window interval;
Described indoor growing is cultivated in color steel booth, to the ground cement sclerosis in color steel booth; Preferably, hardening depth is at least 10cm, facilitates haulage vehicle replaced medium matter.
The beneficial effect of the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma of the present invention:
1, convenient management, is not afraid of and exposes to wind and rain.
2, replaceable culture matrix continuous cultivation.
3, culture matrix can unrestricted choice, avoids heavy metal and agriculture to remain the soil exceeded standard, realizes quality controllable, ensures the organic farming of glossy ganoderma.
4, have a narrow range of temperature in canopy, fruit body shape neat rule, cultivation gained glossy ganoderma output is high, quality better.
5, can Economization on land, avoid replacing cultivation area repeatedly.
Embodiment
The embodiment of form by the following examples, is described in further detail the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma of the present invention again, illustrates but do not limit the present invention.
1, cultivation method culture matrix screening test of the present invention
In indoor selection 6m wide × the long shed of 30m, be divided into 4 processing modes, process A (sandy soil), treatments B (clay soil), process C (loam), process D (river sand: paddy soil=1:1), each process repeats for 3 times, the culture matrix of identical weight is used, the Duan Mu of cultivation identical weight between each process.
The results are shown in following table 3
The comparative test of table 3 different culture media matter
| Test process | Process A | Treatments B | Process C | Process D |
| Go out sesame regularity | +++ | ++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| Stem length (cm) | 10.32 | 8.45 | 11.43 | 12.04 |
| Bacteria cover diameter (cm) | 15.24 | 17.28 | 17.52 | 18.20 |
| Cap thickness (cm) | 1.68 | 1.43 | 1.94 | 1.95 |
| Dry yield (kg/m 2) | 1.46 | 1.34 | 1.52 | 1.66 |
Use river sand to mix with paddy soil 1:1, its effect is best, has gas permeability and moisture capacity concurrently
2, cultivation method irrigation technology screening test of the present invention
In indoor selection 6m wide × the long shed of 30m, be divided into 2 processing modes, investigate following micro-spray drop and fill with and the benefit of artificial sprinkling irrigation, each process repeats for 3 times, the results are shown in following table 4:
The different irrigation technology benefit comparison of table 4
Benefit comparison, area under cultivation 20 mu, uses micro-spray drop to fill with income and improves 1.35 ten thousand yuan.
3, different cultivation mode sequential cropping cultivation comparative test
Carried out cultivation of glossy ganoderma comparative test in outdoor and indoor respectively, be divided into 2 process, process 1: indoor employing 6m is wide × the long shed of 30m, process 2: the outdoor 6m of employing is equally wide × and the long shed of 30m, shed is put up 6 pin sunshade nets.Each process repeats for 3 times, the Duan Mu that process 1 is identical with cultivation in process 2 each canopies, carries out same management.Result of the test is as following table 5:
The different cultivation mode comparative test of table 5 First Year
After inventor adopts above-mentioned indoor continuous cropping wood cultured Ganoderma lucidum fruit body all to gather, after digging out the corruption wood of the inside, soil is returned to farmland, carry out the replacing of soil.Second Year carries out sequential cropping cultivation respectively in same place, and indoor sequential cropping cultivation, by changing earthing matrix, is not sterilized.Cultivation in farmland carries out continuous cropping after carrying out lime disinfection to soil.Method is the same, and result is as following table 6:
The comparative test of table 6 Second Year different cultivation mode sequential cropping cultivation
Inventor adopts the gas epidemic disaster of indoor sequential cropping cultivation method and farmland sequential cropping cultivation method and intensity of sunshine to contrast in 4-7 month to glossy ganoderma simultaneously respectively, and data are as following table 7:
Table 7
From above-mentioned record, adopt indoor sequential cropping cultivation variations in temperature less, and in field production canopy, the temperature difference is comparatively large, is unfavorable for the growth of fruit body.Indoor medial humidity can remain on about 85%, and field production medial humidity changes greatly.
4, different cultivation mode cost-benefit compares
Area under cultivation, in 100 mu, the results are shown in Table 8.
Table 8
To sum up, adopt the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma of the present invention, convenient management, is not afraid of and exposes to wind and rain; Replaceable culture matrix continuous cultivation; Culture matrix can unrestricted choice, avoids heavy metal and agriculture to remain the soil exceeded standard, realizes quality controllable, ensures the organic farming of glossy ganoderma; Have a narrow range of temperature in canopy, fruit body shape neat rule, cultivation gained glossy ganoderma output is high, quality better; Can Economization on land, avoid replacing cultivation area repeatedly.
Claims (9)
1. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A, bacterium rod culture period: lucidum strain is seeded on Duan Mu, carries out indoor cultivation;
B, ganoderma lucidum fruitbody vegetative period, comprise stem vegetative stage, cap differential period: carry out the cultivation of in-door covering culture matrix after Duan Mufa bacterium maturation, carry out Room management;
C, fruit body picking time: gather after ripe glossy ganoderma, from culture matrix, dig out Duan Mu, culture matrix returns to farmland.
2. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the condition of indoor cultivation described in steps A is:
(1) in holding chamber, gas concentration lwevel is 0.1-0.3%;
(2) indoor temperature 15-28 DEG C is controlled;
(3) control room humidity 60-70%;
The condition of indoor cultivation described in step B is:
(1) stem vegetative stage keeps room air gas concentration lwevel at 0.08-0.1%;
(2) gas concentration lwevel 0.03-0.05% in cap differential period holding chamber;
(3) controlling indoor temperature is 20-30 DEG C;
(4) control room humidity is 85-90%;
(5) controlling earthing culture matrix water content is 18-30%;
(6) controlling indoor illumination intensity is 20-6000 lux.
3. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: it is 0.2% that steps A bacterium rod culture period controls carbon dioxide content; It is 0.1% that step B stem vegetative stage controls gas concentration lwevel, and it is 0.05% that cap differential period controls carbon dioxide content.
4. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 2, is characterized in that: (2) described in steps A control indoor temperature is 28 DEG C; (3) described in step B control indoor temperature is 25-30 DEG C.
5. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: it is 20-1000 lux that the interim stem vegetative stage of step B (6) sporophore growth controls indoor illumination intensity, and it is 1500-6000 lux that step B sporophore growth phase cap differential period controls indoor illumination intensity.
6. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described section of wood is the Duan Mu of Qinggang tree.
7. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described culture matrix is sandy soil, clay soil, loam, river sand, paddy soil at least one;
Wherein, preferably adopt loam, or river sand: paddy soil weight ratio is the composite soil of 1:1.
8. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described 4) control culture matrix water content and micro-spray drop can be adopted to fill with, manually spray; The micro-spray drop of preferred employing is filled with.
9. the indoor continuous cropping segment wood cultivated method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 2, is characterized in that: meet following any one:
Described indoor growing is cultivated in color steel booth;
Described indoor growing is cultivated in the color steel booth being provided with window;
The area of described color steel booth according to the actual selection in place, height at least 6 meters;
The specification of described color steel booth is: and 2m is wide × and 30m is long; 4m is wide × and 30m is long; 6m is wide × and 30m is long; 8m is wide × and 30m is long; Preferred employing 4m is wide × and 30m is long; 6m is wide × and 30m is long; Most preferably 6m wide × 30m is long;
At liftoff 1m, the high and 3m place of growing tall sets up two row's windows to described color steel booth, window size be 1.5m wide × 2m grows tall, often row 2 meters, window interval;
Described indoor growing is cultivated in color steel booth, to the ground cement sclerosis in color steel booth; Preferably, hardening depth is at least 10cm.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109548559A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-02 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of only carpogenic ganoderma lucidum cultivation method |
| CN109566262A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder |
| CN111386960A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-07-10 | 吉林农业科技学院 | Mechanism research of ganoderma lucidum continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114747443A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-15 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for rotation of ganoderma lucidum and rice |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109548559A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-02 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of only carpogenic ganoderma lucidum cultivation method |
| CN109566262A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 上海市农业科学院 | A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder |
| CN109548559B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-04-27 | 上海市农业科学院 | Ganoderma lucidum cultivation method only producing fruiting bodies |
| CN111386960A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-07-10 | 吉林农业科技学院 | Mechanism research of ganoderma lucidum continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114747443A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-07-15 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for rotation of ganoderma lucidum and rice |
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