CN109566262A - A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder - Google Patents
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566262A CN109566262A CN201811574919.6A CN201811574919A CN109566262A CN 109566262 A CN109566262 A CN 109566262A CN 201811574919 A CN201811574919 A CN 201811574919A CN 109566262 A CN109566262 A CN 109566262A
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- ganoderma lucidum
- bacteria stick
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- lucidum
- conidia powder
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- 235000001637 Ganoderma lucidum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 82
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- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 1
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation methods for producing conidia powder, and this method comprises the following steps: the selection of cultivation area；The selection of cultivation matrix；High-quality lucidum strain is selected；The production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick；Ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture, moisturizing；The acquisition of lucidum spore powder；The water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick；The harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder.The decline of ganoderma lucidum yield and quality and the puzzlement of regular replacement cultivation place, reduce production cost caused by the not de- bag cultivating method of the ganoderma lucidum of production conidia powder of the invention is efficiently solved because of ganoderma lucidum continuous cropping obstacle effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible and medical fungi cultivation fields, more particularly to a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method for producing conidia powder.
Background technique
In China, ganoderma lucidum is the medicinal fungi of great legendry, is classified as by Shennong's Herbal and Compendium of Material Medica etc.
Product are the precious Chinese medicine of nourishing and fit keeping function, righting reinforcing, have long term usage make light of one's life by commiting suicide macrobiosis the effect of.Modern medicine study is proved ganoderma lucidum
With a variety of biological effects such as antitumor, adjusting is immune, liver protection, tranquilizing and allaying excitement, blood pressure lowering.Currently, it is by " middle traditional Chinese medicines
Allusion quotation ", " U.S.'s herbal medicine pharmacopeia and treatment summary " (American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Therapeutic
) etc. Compendium include, this shows that the medical value of ganoderma lucidum has obtained extremely wide approval.With integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, health
The idea of health is increasingly big well-established, main Chinese medicine one of of the ganoderma lucidum as " ill cure the disease, disease-free health ",
It is eaten by more and more consumers.The annual value of production of present China ganoderma lucidum industry is up to 15,000,000,000 yuan；Population is less than 50,000,000
The annual consumption of South Korean Ganoderma also reaches 4500 tons.
Increasingly vigorous with the market demand, the cultivation scale of ganoderma lucidum also expands therewith.Wherein, the overwhelming majority is covered for bacteria stick
Soil cultivation.Soil covering culture has de- bag and half de- two kinds of forms of bag.Therefore, bacteria stick all can sufficiently connect in soil covering culture with soil
Touching.Carry the pollutants such as some remainss of pesticide, heavy metal and some other harmful microorganisms etc. in soil.Studies have shown that
Edible and medicinal fungi all has the characteristic that heavy metal is shifted, adsorbed from soil and cultivation matrix.Therefore when the nuisance in soil
Matter is more than the self-purification capacity of soil, will cause soil physico-chemical characteristic and variation functionally, the i.e. meeting of microbial activities therein
Limited, harmful substance or downstream product gradually accumulate in the soil and pass through " soil → plant (or edible fungus) → people
Body ", or be absorbed by the body indirectly by " soil → water → human body ", to jeopardize health.Repeatedly occurs outlet ganoderma lucidum in recent years
Fructification and conidia powder product have seriously affected ganoderma lucidum because content of beary metal and excessive pesticide residues cause to export return of goods phenomenon
The development of industry.Studies have shown that there are continuous cropping obstacle phenomenons on cultivation of glossy ganoderma, i.e. the continuous cultivating ganoderma on same plot, spirit
The yield and quality of sesame, which will appear, to be remarkably decreased.Its mechanism be since ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick and soil directly contact, bacteria stick generate
Some metabolins generate highly significant influence to microbial populations in soil structure.Some researches show that cultivated the soil of ganoderma lucidum
The quantity of middle basidiomycetes drastically reduces, and the Ascomycetes including Mortierella, cryptococcus, frog caprophyl category, Penicillium etc. and including
The Zygomycetes fungi of trichoderma is significantly increased, so that this plot is not suitable for cultivating ganoderma in a short time.Thus,
Cultivation family will strive to find new plot every year substantially and carry out cultivating ganoderma.This has resulted in soil and the greenhouse established thereon etc.
Cultivating facility utilization efficiency is extremely low, correspondingly increases production cost.
Currently, there are also the exploration and trial that are carried out for the problem in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, for example, some mechanisms or
Individual is solidified the place of cultivating ganoderma using cement, and bacteria stick and following soil is isolated, and is shipped new soil from other places and is carried out
Cultivation of glossy ganoderma, it is desirable to mitigate the continuous cropping obstacle effect of ganoderma lucidum by frequently more soil removal and replacement.This method is still by de- bag or half
The form of bag is taken off to realize cultivation of glossy ganoderma, can not still eliminate the risk of heavy metal in soil and excessive pesticide residues.And this
The problem of kind method also faces two aspects: first is that frequently more soil removal and replacement needs extensive source, while these soil are if appropriate for spirit
Zhi Pei；Solidify second is that being essentially agricultural land to these, the physicochemical property of soil can be changed completely, cause this block soil
Other production estimations can not be carried out in the future.Cultivation of glossy ganoderma is realized using batch production there are also some enterprise expectations, but from reality
From the point of view of trampling result, effect is very bad at present.Here there are two the restraining factors of aspect: first is that production cost is excessively high；Another
It is that there is also the technical problems that can not be overcome at present in production.
Based on above-mentioned, in order to obtain the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder of edible safety, while in order to mitigate the company of even being eliminated
Make obstacle negative effect caused by ganoderma lucidum industry, reduce production cost, needs to develop a kind of new ganoderma lucidum cultivation method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation methods for producing conidia powder, include the following steps:
The selection of cultivation area；The selection of cultivation matrix；High-quality lucidum strain is selected；The production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick；Ganoderma lucidum
Do not take off bag soil covering culture；The acquisition of lucidum spore powder；The water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick；Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody
With the harvesting of conidia powder；
Specifically, the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method of a kind of production conidia powder of the invention, includes the following steps:
(1) the selection of cultivation area: cultivation area should be far from highway, linear distance 500m or more；The tail of motor vehicle emission
Contain heavy metal component in gas；
(2) cultivation matrix selects: juggle for no fragranced hardwood, Cyclobalanopsiss timber it is further preferred that；Compost selection wood
Consider compost to be worth doing；The composition of preferred sawdust materials are as follows: sawdust 78%, wheat bran 13%, corn flour 7%, sucrose 1%, land plaster
Or calcium carbonate 1%, water content is 70% when use；The pesticide and huge sum of money content of cultivation matrix will meet national standard or industry
Standard；
(3) high-quality lucidum strain is selected: ganoderma strain being inoculated on PDA plate or similar solid medium, is protected from light training
It supports 4-6 days, the bacterium colony of formation is that rounding, mycelium are sturdy and fine and close, as more excellent strain；
Cultivar is advisable with being not difficult to pulverize；Culture spawn incubation time is too short, will affect the development of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick, incubation time
It is too long, cause cultivation strain to be difficult to pulverize, influences rapid field planting of the cultivation on sawdust kind in bacteria stick and effective use cultivation base
Matter；
(4) the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick:
I, pack and sterilizing
The juggle cut is packed, fills sawdust materials at its both ends, sack can not prick to obtain tension；Ensure hot steam energy
Enough normal disengaging, juggle can be sterilized thoroughly；
The stacking of juggle, which is subject to, can guarantee that hot steam is unimpeded, the temperature in sterilization facility to be promoted to rapidly 98 DEG C with
On.
II, inoculation and culture (incubation time of bacteria stick is 2.5-4 months)
Cultivar is seeded on the sawdust materials at juggle both ends；Culture is stacked in a manner of wall；In the training period, it gives
Ventilation appropriate is given, and carries out the adjustment of bacteria stick or more hierarchical position, it is ensured that growth and development dynamics are more consistent；
(5) ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture:
I, greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, fine day is selected to turn over the soil for the cultivation area selected in step (1), clearly
It cuts weeds, stone etc., after solar exposure a few days and sandy soil whiten, builds furrow；High 20cm of furrow or so, the wide 1.5-1.8m of furrow, furrow
It is long that general requirement is no more than 20m depending on landform, in order to avoid influence ventilation；It should also be held successfully in advance in the place that mountain torrents may occur
Tidal channel；Every two furrow build the vinyl house of 1.8-2.2m high, are covered with the plastic film of 7m wide above, warm, wet in canopy to adjust
Degree, covers 2 layers of black sunshade net again on film, to obtain the suitable homogenous diffusion light of light intensity, meets ganoderma lucidum growth and development pair
The needs of light；A plastics Small plastic shed can also be built on every furrow, then build the greenhouse an of flat-top, high 2.5m or so, covering
2 layers of sunshade net；
II, bacteria stick is placed
It is transported to the arranged cultivation place put in order after ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is mature, not slough the bag on surface
It is directly placed on ground furrow by son according to suitable row, spacing in horizontal or vertical mode.
III, soil covering culture
Fine earth (granularity 0.5-1.0cm) is covered on bacteria stick, if horizontal, then to guarantee the most upper table of bacteria stick
Just expose in face；If vertical, then to ensure that one end of bacteria stick is just exposed.
IV, moisturizing
After bacteria stick earthing, several irrigation canals and ditches, 25-35cm every wide, deep 40-60cm are excavated in canopy；Storing in irrigation canals and ditches has water；Really
The humidity protected in the local space of cultivation greenhouse is high compared with outside canopy, is beneficial to the growth and development of ganoderma lucidum；
V, bacteria stick opening
Bacteria stick earthing is after 10-15 days, and 1. bacteria stick is vertical, cuts along sack tether, but not strut sack；Or 2.
Bacteria stick be it is horizontal, then upper 1-2 small opennings are opened on the face that bacteria stick exposes earth's surface；
VI, former base formation and development
It will form former base through opening after a period of time；If former base or former base upper surface be it is light brown, fill the water 20-40ml
In sawdust medium matter；If former base upper surface there are some yellow, 30-70ml is filled the water in sawdust medium matter；If whole
A former base is flat-white, and feels very hard with hand touching, then 50-150ml is filled the water in sawdust medium matter, with supplement
The moisture consumed in growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs；If above-mentioned processing fails that former base color occurs
Variation should continue water filling to ensure ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs.
When former base is gradually differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to be determined according to cap edge color
Whether to spray water.If cap edge, secondary side edge are respectively cream-coloured, ecru, water spray is not had to temporarily；If cap edge is
(shallow) yellow, then should spray water；If the color at cap edge is buff, increase the water spray frequency；
(6) the acquisition of lucidum spore powder:
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray conidia powder, stop water spray, and starts to carry out conidia powder acquisition；
(7) the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick:
After starting to acquire conidia powder, ganoderma lucidum growth and development will also consume moisture；So using syringe by 20-50ml water
The sawdust Medium Culture that bacteria stick is injected near the sack of bacteria stick, supplements the moisture consumed in growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum
Normal growth needs；The frequency is 1 times/week average；
(8) the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder, method are:
I, is for big bacteria stick (10 jin -20 jin), after its conidia powder acquisition time continue for the 2.0-2.5 month, can carry out
The harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder；
II, after conidia powder acquisition time continue for 1-1.5 months, can carry out ganoderma lucidum for small bacteria stick (5 jin -8 jin)
The harvesting of fructification and conidia powder；
The nutritional ingredient as contained by the juggle wherein for cultivation can not consume in a production cycle, institute
After the harvesting of First Year ganoderma lucidum maturation, remaining nutritional ingredient can also maintain the normal growth of second year ganoderma lucidum to send out in matrix
It educates.
Step (8) ganoderma lucidum harvesting after second year the Ching Ming Festival front and back, temperature stablize at 15 DEG C or more, to the sawdust of bacteria stick
Middle water filling promotes mycelia in bacteria stick to sprout growth；After former base is formed, according to the color of former base, the amount of water filling is determined；Work as original
Base is differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to determine whether to spray water according to cap edge color；Work as spirit
After Ganoderma lucidum spore powder starts harvesting, i.e., ganoderma lucidum daily management is (7) carried out according to step；When the collecting time of lucidum spore powder reaches 1-
At 2 months, that is, stop water filling, starts to harvest ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder after 7-10 days.
The step of next third year and the 4th year can be according still further to front First Years, second year repeats cultivation production.
A kind of ganoderma lucidum of the invention does not take off bag soil covering culture method, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method of production conidia powder of the invention, by big segment wood cultivated, ground soil covering culture under First Year
Afterwards, First Year harvests 1 time, and second year can harvest 1 time again.It remakes bacteria stick third year again to go to the field soil covering culture, third year
Harvest 1 time then harvests 1 time on the 4th year.Total per unit area yield of the first two years and latter 2 years total per unit area yields do not have significant difference, show this
Method can preferably alleviate the negative effect for even being eliminated continuous cropping obstacle to cultivation of glossy ganoderma, and obtaining has in safety and quality
The ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore powder raw material of guarantee.The 5th year and the 6th year, the 7th year and the 8th can be carried out on same plot
The cultivation and harvest in year ..., and cultivation area is not destroyed, while in the premise for not significantly changing soil physico-chemical property
Under, the utilization rate of cultivating facility for greatly improving soil and establishing thereon can significantly reduce production cost, increase cultivation family
Income.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims institute
The range of restriction.
Embodiment 1 (between 2013.10-2017.11 4 years, carries out continuous 4 years cultivation of glossy ganoderma in same plot)
Lucidum variety: " Shanghai agriculture ganoderma lucidum No. 1 ", which largely generates lucidum spore powder；
1. selecting plot
Shaanxi Province, mulberry field township, the Hanzhong City Xixiang County not no plot of expressway within the border is had chosen, topography is open herein, irrigates
Condition is good, be not in because rainwater is excessive flood the case where.
2. the selection of cultivation matrix
Cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix is juggle (Qinggang oak) and sawdust materials；
Wherein juggle is truncated into big juggle (28cm)；The composition of sawdust materials are as follows: 78% sawdust, 13% wheat bran, 7% corn
Powder, 1% sucrose, 1% land plaster, when use, add water mixing to make water content 70%；
Pesticide residue and heavy metal analysis are carried out to water used in sawdust materials, juggle and cultivation:
First by 1-2 hours of boiling waterbaths such as sawdust, wheat bran and corn flour in juggle and sawdust materials, by adding
Thermal evaporation moisture, it is rear to be freeze-dried, send qualified testing agency (SGS group) detect common pesticide variety residual and lead,
The content of beary metal such as arsenic, mercury, cadmium；Also carry out that agriculture is residual and heavy metal analysis to water.
Testing result meets country or professional standard, can come into operation.
3. the selection of excellent species
It will be seeded to PDA plate center after the activation of " Shanghai agriculture ganoderma lucidum No. 1 " bacterial strain, after culture 4 days, observes colonial morphology, choosing
It is sturdy and be close to the bacterial strain of plate as parent species to select bacterium colony rounding, mycelium, carries out subsequent original seed and cultivar makes.In original
During kind and cultivar culture, growing way situation is often observed.The original seed or cultivar that are infected with miscellaneous bacteria will be rejected in time.It plants
It cultivates and has cultivated 28-32 days, cultivar at this time is easier to pulverize for being inoculated with.
4. the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick
(1) pack and sterilizing
The more fresh of felling, Qinggang oak material are cut into section according to 28cm, are packed into 34cm*64cm poly- second resistant to high temperature
In alkene bag, (water content of the compost is the above-mentioned sawdust materials for being 1.5cm or so in the both ends filling thickness of its juggle
70% or so, water content is uniform) covering juggle section.Sack prick tightness to ensure that hot steam can be passed in and out normally,
Subject to juggle can be sterilized thoroughly.
The stacking of juggle does not provide, is subject to and can guarantee that hot steam is unimpeded, and the temperature in sterilization facility will be promoted rapidly
To 98 DEG C, and continue heat preservation 30 hours.
(2) inoculation and culture
After sterilizing, temperature is down to 40 DEG C or so in facility subject to sterilization, is carried to the transfer room of sterile-processed mistake
In (canopy or case).Emgloves is put on, with 75% alcohol surface sterilization.Cultivar is firmly pulverized, juggle both ends are seeded to
On sawdust materials, sack is tied.Culture is stacked in a manner of wall.In the training period, certain ventilation is given, to guarantee bacterium
Stick grows the demand to oxygen, while adjusting bacteria stick hierarchical position up and down, it is ensured that the speed of growth is more consistent.In culture
In the later period, culturing room's (canopy) is interior to place the basin for filling with water, to guarantee requirement of the growth to humidity of bacteria stick.
5. ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture
(1) greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, fine day is selected to turn over the soil in sesame place out, removes weeds, stone etc.,
After solar exposure a few days and sandy soil whiten, furrow are built.High 20cm of furrow or so, the wide 1.5-1.8m of furrow, furrow are long depending on landform, and one
As require be no more than 20m, in order to avoid influence ventilation.A plastics Small plastic shed is built on every furrow, is then built one using bamboo etc. and is put down
The greenhouse of top, high 2.5m or so, spreads 2 layers of sunshade net, to obtain the suitable homogenous diffusion light of light intensity, meets ganoderma lucidum growth
Develop the needs to light；The epidemic disaster in canopy is also adjusted simultaneously.It should also hold successfully and drain off floodwaters in advance in the place that mountain torrents may occur
Ditch.
(2) bacteria stick is arranged
After ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is reached maturity, temperature gos up and continues substantially at 15 degree or so, as far as possible by its intact nothing
The transport of damage ground not slough the sack of bacterium rod surface, if any breakage, be sealed with adhesive tape to the cultivation place for having put up greenhouse
It closes.According to line-spacing 8cm, it is arranged on ground furrow by the specification of spacing 10cm in horizontal mode.
(3) soil covering culture and moisturizing
Fine earth is covered on bacteria stick, exposes the upper space of bacteria stick just.After bacteria stick earthing, several are excavated in canopy
Irrigation canals and ditches, 25-35cm every wide, deep 40-60cm；Storing in irrigation canals and ditches has water；Ensure that the part of cultivation greenhouse when weather is slightly dry is empty
Interior humidity is high compared with outside canopy, is beneficial to the growth and development of ganoderma lucidum；
(4) bacteria stick is open
After bacteria stick earthing 10-15 days, upper 1 small openning is opened on the face that bacteria stick exposes earth's surface；
(5) former base formation and development
It will form former base through opening after a period of time；If former base or former base upper surface be it is light brown, fill the water 30-35ml
In the sawdust medium matter of both ends；If former base upper surface there are some yellow, 50-60ml is filled the water in both ends sawdust medium
In matter；If entire former base is flat-white, and feels very hard with hand touching, then 100-120ml is filled the water in both ends sawdust culture
In matrix, to supplement the moisture consumed in growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs；If above-mentioned processing fails
So that former base color is changed, water filling should be continued to ensure ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs.
When former base is gradually differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to be determined according to cap edge color
Whether to spray water.If cap edge, secondary side edge are respectively cream-coloured, ecru, water spray is not had to temporarily；If cap edge is
(shallow) yellow, then should spray water；If the color at cap edge is buff, increase the water spray frequency；
6. lucidum spore powder acquires
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray conidia powder, fructification is encased using the relatively ventilative material such as non-woven fabrics, it is to be ensured that
The inner space of formation meets the growth and development demand of ganoderma lucidum.
7. the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick
The water of 30-40ml or so is injected in bacteria stick near the sack of bacteria stick using disposable syringe, to supplement life
The moisture consumed during long development, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs.1 times/week of average out to.
8. the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder
Early period research shows that the collecting time of ganoderma lucidum has stronger correlation with the content of the bioactive substance in ganoderma lucidum
Property.So the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder can be carried out after conidia powder acquisition time continue for 2.5 months.
It is wherein 18 jin/stick or so for the bacteria stick substance of cultivation, the nutritional ingredient in matrix is compared with horn of plenty, at first
A portion is only consumed in production cycle, so after First Year lucidum spore powder and fructification harvesting, it is remaining in matrix
Nutritional ingredient can be used for the normal growth and development of second year ganoderma lucidum.
9. second year ganoderma lucidum regrows development
Second year, continuously turn to warm up in weather, temperature it is stable at 12-15 DEG C or more when, at a time when in the Qing Ming Day, start in bacterium
140ml or so clean water (preferably cold water) is injected in the sawdust of stick both ends, and mycelia is promoted in bacteria stick to sprout growth.Daily
Water filling 1 time, continuous water filling 3-4 times.Then it was filled the water 1 time every 1-2 days, it is 4-6 times continuous.Every time after water filling, by every furrow
The film of top arched shed is put down, closing, to promote the temperature needed for growth and development of ganoderma lucidum mycelium in bacteria stick.It is formed to former base
Afterwards, according to the color of former base, determine the amount of water filling (according to step 5).Next daily management and harvesting are according to First Year
Step 6, step 7 and step 8 carry out.
10. the cultivation of third year ganoderma lucidum
It is operated by step 1-8.
11. ganoderma lucidum regrowed development in the 4th year
It is operated by step 9.
While comparative example is done, in above method step, when bacteria stick is transferred to greenhouse cultivation in step 5, de- bag cultivating is carried out,
Remaining step is all the same, and the yield of two kinds of planting types is compared.
Here is the result of test in continuous 4 years on same plot.
Compared with the not de- bag cultivating of 1 continuous 4 year ganoderma lucidum of table the sesame rate out and per unit area yield annual with de- bag cultivating
*: go out sesame rate=go out sesame bacteria stick number/soil covering culture bacteria stick sum * 100%；
Conidia powder, the fructification weight of *: every hundred kilograms of cultivation matrixes generation, unit are equal are as follows: kg/100kg timber；
A, b, c, d: 5% horizontal lower significant difference is indicated.
The not de- bag cultivating of 2 ganoderma lucidum of table is compared with total per unit area yield of conidia powder under de- bag cultivating and fructification
*: conidia powder, the fructification weight of every hundred kilograms of cultivation matrixes generation, unit are equal are as follows: kg/100kg timber；
A, b: 5% horizontal lower significant difference is indicated.
It can be seen that First Year from table 1, table 2 to take off under bag soil covering culture mode, the ganoderma lucidum spore that every 100kg timber can generate
Sub- powder and fruiting body yield are about 3.16kg, and the 2.95kg of less de- bag cultivating wants high, this also explains why farmer's meeting
De- bag form is selected to carry out cultivation of glossy ganoderma.But with the increase of cultivation number, the sesame rate that goes out for taking off bag soil covering culture occurs increasingly
There is corresponding decline in significant decline, conidia powder and fructification per unit area yield, cause cultivating ganoderma not earned money not only and have also lost this.
This makes farmer have to reselect new plot and carry out cultivating ganoderma.But the continuous cultivation on same plot, if not day
Gas factor, not de- bag soil covering culture is not in significant changes on lucidum spore powder and the total per unit area yield of fructification.This just illustrates,
The not de- bag soil covering culture of ganoderma lucidum is a kind of effective planting type for alleviating and eliminating continuous cropping obstacle effect, and is to ensure that
The effective way of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder edible safety.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method for producing conidia powder, it is characterised in that it includes the following steps:
The selection of cultivation area；The selection of cultivation matrix；High-quality lucidum strain is selected；The production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick；Ganoderma lucidum does not take off
Bag soil covering culture；The acquisition of lucidum spore powder；The water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick；Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore
The harvesting of powder；
Wherein cultivation matrix is juggle and sawdust materials.
2. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method for producing conidia powder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it includes the following steps:
(1) the selection of cultivation area: cultivation area is far from highway, linear distance 500m or more；
(2) cultivation matrix selects: juggle 25-35cm；Compost is sawdust materials；
(3) high-quality lucidum strain is selected: ganoderma strain being inoculated on PDA plate or similar solid medium, culture 4- is protected from light
6 days, the bacterium colony of formation was that rounding, mycelium are sturdy and fine and close, as more excellent strain；
(4) the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick:
I, pack and sterilizing
Juggle is packed, fills sawdust materials, sterilizing at juggle both ends；
II, inoculation and culture
Cultivar is seeded on the sawdust materials at juggle both ends；Carry out stacking culture；
(5) ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture:
I, greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, the soil for the cultivation area chosen in step (1) is turned over, furrow are built；Every two furrow are built
The vinyl house of 1.8-2.2m high, is covered with plastic film above；
II, bacteria stick is placed
It is transported to greenhouse after ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is mature, the sack on surface is not sloughed, directly by it with horizontal or vertical
Mode is placed on ground furrow；
III, soil covering culture
Fine earth is covered on bacteria stick；
IV, moisturizing
After bacteria stick earthing, several irrigation canals and ditches, 25-35cm every wide, deep 40-60cm are excavated in canopy；Storing in irrigation canals and ditches has water；
V, bacteria stick opening
Bacteria stick earthing is after 10-15 days, and 1. bacteria stick is vertical, cuts along sack tether, but not strut sack；Or 2. bacteria stick
To be horizontal, then upper 1-2 small opennings are opened on the face that bacteria stick exposes earth's surface；
VI, former base formation and development
After forming former base；Judge to inject the water of how many volume according to the color of former base；
When former base is differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to determine whether to spray according to cap edge color
Water；
(6) the acquisition of lucidum spore powder:
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray conidia powder, stop water spray, and starts to carry out conidia powder acquisition；
(7) the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick:
After starting to acquire conidia powder, 20-50ml water is injected to the sawdust Medium Culture of bacteria stick, frequency average out to from the sack of bacteria stick
1 times/week；
(8) the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder, method are:
I, is for big bacteria stick (10 jin -20 jin), after its conidia powder acquisition time continue for the 2.0-2.5 month, can carry out ganoderma lucidum
The harvesting of fructification and conidia powder；
II, is for small bacteria stick (5 jin -8 jin), and after conidia powder acquisition time continue for 1-1.5 months, it is real can to carry out ganoderma lucidum
The harvesting of body and conidia powder.
3. according to claim 1 or 2 described in any item ganoderma lucidum cultivation methods for producing conidia powders, it is characterised in that step (8) ganoderma lucidum
Second year mid or late March after fructification and conidia powder harvesting rises, and temperature is stablized at 12-15 DEG C or more, to the sawdust of bacteria stick
It is filled the water in compost, mycelia in bacteria stick is promoted to sprout growth；After former base is formed, according to the color of former base, the amount of water filling is determined；
When former base is differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to determine whether to spray water according to cap edge color；Again
The cultivation management of second year is carried out according to step (6), (7) and (8).
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