CN112913575A - Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method - Google Patents

Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112913575A
CN112913575A CN202110241536.2A CN202110241536A CN112913575A CN 112913575 A CN112913575 A CN 112913575A CN 202110241536 A CN202110241536 A CN 202110241536A CN 112913575 A CN112913575 A CN 112913575A
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China
Prior art keywords
planting
ganoderma lucidum
soil
covering
holes
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CN202110241536.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李树红
丁铭
李勇军
何俊
方晓军
李应军
苏开美
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Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Biotechnology and Germplasm Resource Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN202110241536.2A priority Critical patent/CN112913575A/en
Publication of CN112913575A publication Critical patent/CN112913575A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting lucid ganoderma by opening small holes and covering soil, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting an under forest or a facility shed suitable for planting lucid ganoderma as a planting field, excavating a planting groove, or drilling a plurality of planting holes on the surface of soil, and then scattering a small amount of slaked lime powder on the surfaces of the planting groove or the planting holes; s2, cutting off fungus bag plastic with the diameter of 1-3 cm at the upper end of the ganoderma lucidum fungus stick, and forming a small hole; s3, lightly moving the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks with the small holes into the planting grooves or planting holes, wherein the hole opening ends are upward; and S4, covering soil on the planting grooves or planting holes, and covering the soil on the upper ends of the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks to finish the planting of the ganoderma lucidum by opening the small holes and covering the soil. The method has the advantages of simple principle, low fungus stick pollution, quick fruiting, high fruiting rate, easy learning and acceptance by planting households, convenient popularization and wide application prospect, and can obviously improve planting benefits and forest land economic benefits.

Description

Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rare edible and medicinal strain planting, in particular to a small-hole bag-opening and soil-covering planting method for lucid ganoderma.
Background
Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma spp.) has been used in China for thousands of years, is entitled "Mesona chinensis", has the effects of invigorating qi, tranquilizing mind, relieving cough and asthma, and can be used for treating symptoms such as restlessness, insomnia, palpitation, cough and asthma due to lung deficiency, consumptive disease, short breath, anorexia, etc. The discussion of the effects of nourishing and strengthening body resistance and strengthening the body resistance can be found in the monographs of materia Medica of all generations. In the earliest monograph of pharmacy 'Shennong Ben Cao Jing' in China, the ganoderma lucidum is listed as the top grade, and the ganoderma lucidum has six types of purple, red, cyan, yellow, white and black, which are called as follows: the above-mentioned herbs and the Miaopin in the recipe. Especially, the record of the species, producing area, property and function of ganoderma lucidum in the Ming Dynasty 'Ben Cao gang mu' is the most detailed. Modern researches and clinical practices prove that the traditional Chinese medicine composition has the effects of enhancing immunity, resisting tumors, resisting cardiovascular system diseases, resisting aging, tranquilizing and allaying excitement, resisting allergy, resisting radiation, protecting liver and the like.
Ganoderma lucidum is a saprophytic edible and medicinal fungus, and mainly depends on decomposing lignin, cellulose and the like of basswood to obtain the nutrition required by the growth and development of itself. In the field, ganoderma lucidum is propagated and propagated through spores mainly by using wind as a medium. The long-term, unscientific and excessive collection and utilization lead to the drastic reduction of wild ganoderma lucidum resources, in order to solve the contradiction between supply and demand, researchers began the research work of ganoderma lucidum domestication and cultivation in the last 60 th century and succeeded, but the research and development on variety breeding and planting technology is continuously deepened and promoted.
Based on the diversification of ganoderma lucidum culture substrates, the culture technology tends to mature more and more, the artificial culture of ganoderma lucidum mainly comprises the linden clinker culture and the bag material culture, and the clinker short linden culture ganoderma lucidum flow comprises the following steps: tree species selection → basswood soaking → cutting and bagging → sterilization → cooling inoculation → hypha culture → bag removal → ridge making, shade shed building → earthing → ganoderma management → spore powder and fruit body harvesting → drying and storage. The process of cultivating the ganoderma lucidum by the bag material comprises the following steps: preparing materials → mixing materials → bagging → sterilizing → inoculating → culturing on shelf (earthing up) → managing the lucid ganoderma → collecting spore powder and fruit body → drying. The existing cultivation technology needs to peel off the fungus bags in the cultivation process, easily damages the integrity of fungus sticks, has high pollution rate, large cultivation cost investment, large fruiting surface, non-directional and non-quantitative fruiting and poor mushroom shape, is easily interfered by environmental factors, has many soil-borne diseases and insect pests, and has prominent problems of easy water loss and the like in the later stage of the fungus bags.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a planting method for ganoderma lucidum by carrying out small-hole bag opening and soil covering, which has the advantages of simple principle, low pollution of fungus sticks, quick fruiting, high fruiting rate, easy learning, easy acceptance, convenient popularization and wide application prospect, and can obviously improve planting benefits and forest land economic benefits.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for planting ganoderma lucidum by opening small holes and covering soil comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting an under forest or a facility shed suitable for planting lucid ganoderma as a planting field, excavating a planting groove, or drilling a plurality of planting holes on the surface of soil, and then scattering a small amount of slaked lime powder on the surfaces of the planting groove or the planting holes;
s2, cutting off fungus bag plastic with the diameter of 1-3 cm at the upper end of the ganoderma lucidum fungus stick, and forming a small hole;
s3, lightly moving the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks with the small holes into the planting grooves or planting holes, wherein the hole opening ends are upward;
and S4, covering soil on the planting grooves or planting holes, and covering the soil on the upper ends of the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks to finish the planting of the ganoderma lucidum by opening the small holes and covering the soil.
Further setting the following steps: in the step S1, the planting groove is 0.80-1.20 meters wide, 0.10-0.20 meters deep and the length is determined according to the field.
Further setting the following steps: in the step S1, the diameter of the planting hole is 0.12-0.20 meter, and the depth is 0.20-0.30 meter.
Further setting the following steps: in step S3, the distance between the fungus sticks is required to be greater than 5 cm.
Further setting the following steps: in the step S4, the thickness of the covering soil is 2-5 cm higher than the upper end of the ganoderma lucidum stick.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the invention has simple principle, fast fruiting and high fruiting rate;
secondly, after the fungus sticks are produced, the fungus sticks can be planted in the ground after being subjected to short-time after-ripening, the small openings are slightly damaged, natural restoration and after-ripening can be completed underground, the influence of soil humidity and plant diseases and insect pests is small, and the pollution rate of the fungus sticks can be effectively reduced;
thirdly, the problems of nutrition waste, poor mushroom shape quality and the like caused by unidirectional mushroom fruiting are avoided, 1 small opening is formed to ensure that the ganoderma lucidum fruiting body only forms primordium and grows from the opening, the concentrated absorption and utilization of nutrition are facilitated, the management is convenient, the yield is improved, and the benefit is increased by about 5-10%;
fourthly, after nutrition absorption and fungus stick utilization are completed, the fungus stick can be conveniently and directly taken out due to no bag removal, and the problems of land pollution and plant diseases and insect pests caused by fungus stick pollution and rot on the ground surface are avoided.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below, and it should be noted that the following examples are provided to illustrate the detailed embodiments and specific procedures based on the technical solution, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Examples
A method for planting ganoderma lucidum by opening small holes and covering soil comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a forest or facility shed suitable for planting Ganoderma as a planting field, mechanically or manually opening a planting groove with a width of 0.80-1.20 m, a depth of 0.10-0.20 m and a length determined according to the field, or drilling a planting hole with a diameter of 0.12-0.20 m and a depth of 0.20-0.30 m by using farm tools such as a ground auger, and then scattering a small amount of slaked lime powder on the surface of the planting groove or the planting hole;
s2, cutting off fungus bag plastic with diameter of 1-3 cm at the upper end of the ganoderma fungus stick by using an opening tool (such as a paper cutter, scissors, a blade, etc.), and forming a small hole;
s3, lightly moving the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks with the small holes into the planting groove or the planting hole, wherein the hole opening ends are upward, and the distance between the fungus sticks is required to be more than 5 cm;
s4, covering soil on the planting grooves or planting holes, wherein the thickness of the covered soil is 2-5 cm, and then the planting of the ganoderma lucidum by covering soil in the holes and opening bags is completed. The method has the advantages of simple principle, easy learning, low fungus stick pollution, high fruiting rate, easy acceptance by growers, convenient popularization, wide application prospect and capability of obviously improving planting benefits and forest land economic benefits.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the same steps as in example are not repeated, but the different steps are that in step S2, the upper and lower ends of the ganoderma lucidum stick are cut off the plastic of the fungus bag, so that the ganoderma lucidum stick is opened up and down.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the same steps as in example are not repeated, but the different steps are that in step S2, half of the bag plastic of the stick of ganoderma lucidum is cut out.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 the same steps as in example are not described again, but the different steps are that in step S2, the plastic bag of the ganoderma lucidum stick is completely removed.
Comparison table of fruiting period and fruiting single fresh weight obtained by adopting different fungus stick opening methods
Cultivation method Average fruiting period (d) Average fruiting single fresh weight (g/flower)
Examples 9 83
Comparative example 1 14 70
Comparative example 2 13 66
Comparative example 3 30 58
Through comparison of cultivation tests with different opening modes, the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method with the small holes can shorten the fruiting period by 5-21 days compared with the traditional cultivation mode, meanwhile, the fruiting quality of the fungus sticks is guaranteed, and the single-flower yield of the fungus sticks is improved by 17-25 g.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A method for planting ganoderma lucidum by opening small holes and covering soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting an under forest or a facility shed suitable for planting lucid ganoderma as a planting field, excavating a planting groove, or drilling a plurality of planting holes on the surface of soil, and then scattering a small amount of slaked lime powder on the surfaces of the planting groove or the planting holes;
s2, cutting off fungus bag plastic with the diameter of 1-3 cm at the upper end of the ganoderma lucidum fungus stick, and forming a small hole;
s3, lightly moving the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks with the small holes into the planting grooves or planting holes, wherein the hole opening ends are upward;
and S4, covering soil on the planting grooves or planting holes, and covering the soil on the upper ends of the ganoderma lucidum fungus sticks to finish the planting of the ganoderma lucidum by opening the small holes and covering the soil.
2. The planting method of the small-hole bag-opening and soil-covering ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the planting groove is 0.80-1.20 meters wide, 0.10-0.20 meters deep and the length is determined according to the field.
3. The planting method of the small-hole bag-opening and soil-covering ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the diameter of the planting hole is 0.12-0.20 meter, and the depth is 0.20-0.30 meter.
4. The planting method of the small-hole bag-opening and soil-covering ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the distance between the fungus sticks is required to be greater than 5 cm.
5. The planting method of the small-hole bag-opening and soil-covering ganoderma lucidum as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, the thickness of the covering soil is 2-5 cm higher than the upper end of the ganoderma lucidum stick.
CN202110241536.2A 2021-03-04 2021-03-04 Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method Pending CN112913575A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102318504A (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-01-18 四川农业大学 Method for collecting spore powder by cultivating ganoderma with layered rack type stereoscopic bag material
CN103858677A (en) * 2014-03-27 2014-06-18 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Simplified coprinus comatus cultivation method
CN109548560A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-02 上海市农业科学院 A kind of not de- bag cultivating method of ganoderma lucidum
CN109548559A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-02 上海市农业科学院 A kind of only carpogenic ganoderma lucidum cultivation method
CN109566262A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-05 上海市农业科学院 A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102318504A (en) * 2011-08-08 2012-01-18 四川农业大学 Method for collecting spore powder by cultivating ganoderma with layered rack type stereoscopic bag material
CN103858677A (en) * 2014-03-27 2014-06-18 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Simplified coprinus comatus cultivation method
CN109548560A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-02 上海市农业科学院 A kind of not de- bag cultivating method of ganoderma lucidum
CN109548559A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-02 上海市农业科学院 A kind of only carpogenic ganoderma lucidum cultivation method
CN109566262A (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-04-05 上海市农业科学院 A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation method producing conidia powder

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
宋秀红: "《食用菌栽培技术》", 河北科学技术出版社, pages: 79 - 80 *
蒋志琴;陆玉荣;加米拉・肉孜;郭惠东;韩建东;万鲁长;: "西部旱区灵芝轻简化栽培基质与出芝模式的优化", 山东农业科学, no. 10, pages 349 - 350 *
魏峰;侯祥保;姚志刚;李海龙;: "紫灵芝无公害生产技术规程", 现代园艺, no. 13 *

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Application publication date: 20210608