CN109548560A - A kind of not de- bag cultivating method of ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents
A kind of not de- bag cultivating method of ganoderma lucidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109548560A CN109548560A CN201811575004.7A CN201811575004A CN109548560A CN 109548560 A CN109548560 A CN 109548560A CN 201811575004 A CN201811575004 A CN 201811575004A CN 109548560 A CN109548560 A CN 109548560A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ganoderma lucidums not to take off bag soil covering culture method, and this method comprises the following steps: the selection of cultivation area, the selecting of high-quality lucidum strain, the production of bacteria stick, does not take off bag soil covering culture, the acquisition of conidia powder, the water filling moisturizing, the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick at the selection of cultivation matrix.The not de- bag soil covering culture method of ganoderma lucidum of the invention can carry out cultivation of glossy ganoderma in same plot in continuous 3 years or more, and ganoderma lucidum and spore powder yield do not have significant change, the negative effect for even being eliminated continuous cropping obstacle to cultivation of glossy ganoderma can preferably be alleviated, while also effectively improving the content of polysaccharide and triterpene substance in ganoderma lucidum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible and medical fungi cultivation fields, do not take off bag soil covering culture method more particularly to a kind of ganoderma lucidum.
Background technique
In China, ganoderma lucidum is the medicinal fungi of great legendry, is classified as by Shennong's Herbal and Compendium of Material Medica etc.
Product are the precious Chinese medicine of nourishing and fit keeping function, righting reinforcing, have long term usage make light of one's life by commiting suicide macrobiosis the effect of.Modern medicine study is proved ganoderma lucidum
With a variety of biological effects such as antitumor, adjusting is immune, liver protection, tranquilizing and allaying excitement, blood pressure lowering.Currently, its by " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ",
" U.S.'s herbal medicine pharmacopeia and treatment summary " (American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Therapeutic
) etc. Compendium include, this shows that the medical value of ganoderma lucidum has obtained extremely wide approval.With integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, health
The idea of health is increasingly big well-established, main Chinese medicine one of of the ganoderma lucidum as " ill cure the disease, disease-free health ", by
More and more consumers is eaten.The annual value of production of present China ganoderma lucidum industry is up to 15,000,000,000 yuan；South Korea of the population less than 50,000,000
The annual consumption of ganoderma lucidum also reaches 4500 tons.
Increasingly vigorous with the market demand, the cultivation scale of ganoderma lucidum also expands therewith.Wherein, the overwhelming majority is covered for bacteria stick
Soil cultivation.Soil covering culture has de- bag and half de- two kinds of forms of bag.Therefore, bacteria stick all can sufficiently connect in soil covering culture with soil
Touching.Carry the pollutants such as some remainss of pesticide, heavy metal and some other harmful microorganisms etc. in soil.Studies have shown that
Edible and medicinal fungi all has the characteristic that heavy metal is shifted, adsorbed from soil and cultivation matrix.Therefore when the nuisance in soil
Matter is more than the self-purification capacity of soil, will cause soil physico-chemical characteristic and variation functionally, the i.e. meeting of microbial activities therein
Limited, harmful substance or downstream product gradually accumulate in the soil and pass through " soil → plant (or edible fungus) → people
Body ", or be absorbed by the body indirectly by " soil → water → human body ", to jeopardize health.The problem of another can not be ignored
It is exactly cultivation and its adjoint pest problem of growth and development process of ganoderma lucidum.It is some studies have shown that there are mite class, termite in soil
The pests such as class are fond of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick (mycelium), make a big impact to cultivation of glossy ganoderma.Once this kind of insect pest is serious, farmer is just
Strong toxicity, the residual life longer pesticide that some such as dicofols etc can be applied, bring greater risk to food safety.
Therefore, current cultivation of glossy ganoderma mode makes ganoderma lucidum raw material and products thereof be faced with the exceeded risk of heavy metal and pesticide remnant.
Research shows that there are continuous cropping obstacle phenomenons on cultivation of glossy ganoderma, i.e. the continuous cultivating ganoderma on same plot, ganoderma lucidum
Yield and quality, which will appear, to be remarkably decreased.Thus, farmer will almost strive to find new plot every year and carry out cultivating ganoderma.This
It has resulted in soil and the cultivating facilities utilization efficiency such as the greenhouse established thereon is extremely low, correspondingly increased production cost.
Currently, there are also the exploration and trial that are carried out for the problem in cultivation of glossy ganoderma, for example, some mechanisms or
Individual is solidified the place of cultivating ganoderma using cement, and bacteria stick and following soil is isolated, and is shipped new soil from other places and is carried out
Cultivation of glossy ganoderma, it is desirable to mitigate the continuous cropping obstacle effect of ganoderma lucidum by frequently more soil removal and replacement.This method also faces two aspects
Problem: first is that frequently more soil removal and replacement needs extensive source, while these soil are if appropriate for cultivation of glossy ganoderma；Second is that being essentially to these
Agricultural land is solidified, and can be changed the physicochemical property of soil completely, be caused this block soil that can not carry out other crops in the future
Production.Cultivation of glossy ganoderma is realized using batch production there are also some enterprise expectations, but from the point of view of practice result, effect is very at present
It is bad.Here there are two the restraining factors of aspect: first is that production cost is excessively high；The other is there is also current some skills in production
Art problem.
Based on above-mentioned, in order to obtain the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder of edible safety, while in order to mitigate the company of even being eliminated
Make obstacle negative effect caused by ganoderma lucidum industry, reduce production cost, needs to develop a kind of new ganoderma lucidum cultivation method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ganoderma lucidums not to take off bag soil covering culture method comprising following steps:
The selection of cultivation area, the selection of cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix, the selecting of high-quality lucidum strain, the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick,
The not de- bag soil covering culture of ganoderma lucidum, the acquisition of lucidum spore powder, ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick water filling moisturizing, ganoderma lucidum and spore
The harvesting of sub- powder；
Wherein cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix is juggle and sawdust materials；
Wherein juggle is small juggle (13-16cm)；Compost selects sawdust materials to make water content using Shi Jiashui
70%；
Specifically, ganoderma lucidum of the invention does not take off bag cultivating method, includes the following steps:
(1) the selection of cultivation area: cultivation area is far from highway, linear distance 500m or more；Because motor vehicle emission
Contain heavy metal component in tail gas；
(2) cultivation matrix selects: juggle is small juggle (13-16cm)；Compost selects sawdust materials；Preferred wood
Consider the composition of compost to be worth doing are as follows: sawdust 78%, wheat bran 13%, corn flour 7%, sucrose 1%, land plaster or calcium carbonate 1%, when use
Water is added to make water content 70%；
The pesticide and content of beary metal of cultivation matrix will meet national standard and professional standard；
(3) high-quality lucidum strain is selected: ganoderma strain being inoculated on PDA plate or similar solid medium, is protected from light training
It supports 4-6 days, the bacterium colony of formation is that rounding, mycelium are sturdy and fine and close, as more excellent strain；
Cultivar is advisable with being not difficult to pulverize；Culture spawn incubation time is too short, will affect the development of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick, incubation time
It is too long, cause cultivation strain to be difficult to pulverize, influences rapid field planting of the cultivation on sawdust kind in bacteria stick and effective use cultivation matrix；
(4) the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick:
I, pack and sterilizing
The juggle cut is packed, fills sawdust materials at its both ends, sack can not prick to obtain tension；Ensure hot steam energy
Enough normal disengaging, juggle can be sterilized thoroughly；
The stacking of juggle, which is subject to, can guarantee that hot steam is unimpeded, the temperature in sterilization facility to be promoted to rapidly 98 DEG C with
On.
II, inoculation and culture (incubation time of bacteria stick is 2.5-4 months)
Cultivar is seeded on the sawdust materials at juggle both ends；Culture is stacked in a manner of wall；In the training period, it gives
Ventilation appropriate is given, and carries out the adjustment of bacteria stick or more hierarchical position, it is ensured that growth and development dynamics are more consistent；
(5) ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture:
I, greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, fine day is selected to turn over the soil for the cultivation area selected in step (1), clearly
It cuts weeds, stone etc., after solar exposure a few days and sandy soil whiten, builds furrow；High 20cm of furrow or so, the wide 1.5-1.8m of furrow, furrow are long
It is general to require to be no more than 20m depending on landform, in order to avoid influence ventilation；It should also the row of holding successfully in advance in the place that mountain torrents may occur
Great Gulch；Every two furrow build the vinyl house of 1.8-2.2m high, are covered with the plastic film of 7m wide above, to adjust the epidemic disaster in canopy,
It covers 2 layers of black sunshade net again on film, to obtain the suitable homogenous diffusion light of light intensity, meets ganoderma lucidum growth and development to light
It needs；A plastics Small plastic shed can also be built on every furrow, then built the greenhouse an of flat-top, high 2.5m or so, covered 2 layers of screening
Screened postive；
The discharge of II, bacteria stick and earthing
After ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is trained ripe, it is transported to the arranged cultivation area put in order, not slough surface
Sack, be vertically placed on ground furrow on, and by fine earth (granularity 0.5-1.0cm) covering thereon, make the upper end of bacteria stick
Just expose；
III, cultivating bag opening and moisturizing
After bacteria stick earthing, several irrigation canals and ditches, 25-30cm every wide, deep 30-40cm are excavated in canopy；Storing in irrigation canals and ditches has water, really
It protects the humidity in greenhouse to be higher than outside canopy, is beneficial to the growth and development of ganoderma lucidum；After bacteria stick earthing 10-15 days, along sack tether
It cuts, but not strut sack；
IV, former base formation and development
It will form former base through opening after a period of time；If former base or former base upper surface be it is light brown, fill the water 15-25ml
In sawdust medium matter；If former base upper surface there are some yellow, 25-35ml is filled the water in sawdust medium matter；If whole
A former base is flat-white, and feels very hard with hand touching, then should fill the water 40-50ml immediately in sawdust medium matter, with
The moisture consumed in supplement growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs；
When former base is gradually differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to be determined according to cap edge color
Whether to spray water；If cap edge, secondary side edge are respectively cream-coloured, ecru, water spray is not had to temporarily；If cap edge is (shallow)
Yellow should then spray water；If the color at cap edge is buff, increase the water spray frequency；
(6) the acquisition of lucidum spore powder:
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray conidia powder, stop water spray, and starts to carry out conidia powder acquisition；
(7) the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick:
After starting to acquire conidia powder, ganoderma lucidum growth and development will also consume moisture；So using syringe by 20-30ml water
The sawdust Medium Culture that bacteria stick is injected near the sack of bacteria stick, supplements the moisture consumed in growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum
Normal growth needs；1 times/week of frequency average out to；
(8) the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder, method are:
After conidia powder acquisition time continue for 1-1.5 months, the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder can be carried out.
If excessively delay harvesting, will affect the quality of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder.
A kind of ganoderma lucidum of the invention does not take off bag soil covering culture method, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
Ganoderma lucidum through the invention does not take off bag soil covering culture method, can carry out ganoderma lucidum in same plot within continuous 3 years or more
Cultivation, and ganoderma lucidum yield does not have significant change, can preferably alleviate the negative shadow for even being eliminated continuous cropping obstacle to cultivation of glossy ganoderma
It rings, obtains ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and spore powder raw material secure in safety and quality.Do not significantly changing soil physical chemistry simultaneously
Under the premise of property, the utilization rate of cultivating facility for greatly improving soil and establishing thereon can significantly reduce production cost, increase
Cultivate the income at family.The content of polysaccharide and triterpene substance in ganoderma lucidum is also effectively improved simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1: the HPLC finger-print of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody ethanol extract
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
Embodiment 1 (in 2014.10-2017.12 triennial, carries out continuous 3 years cultivation of glossy ganoderma in same plot)
Lucidum strain: " Shanghai agriculture ganoderma lucidum No. 1 ", by Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai City breeding.
1. the selection of cultivation area
Having chosen sun township, Huoshan county does not have the plot of expressway, and topography is open herein, and irrigation conditions is good, will not
Occur because rainwater is excessive flood the case where.
2. the selection of cultivation matrix
Cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix is juggle (Qinggang oak) and sawdust materials；
Wherein juggle is truncated into small juggle (15cm)；The composition of sawdust materials are as follows: 78% sawdust, 13% wheat bran, 7% corn
Powder, 1% sucrose, 1% land plaster, when use, add water mixing to make water content 70%；
Pesticide residue and heavy metal analysis are carried out to water used in sawdust materials, juggle and cultivation:
First by 1-2 hours of boiling waterbaths such as sawdust, wheat bran and corn flour in juggle and sawdust materials, by adding
Thermal evaporation moisture, it is rear to be freeze-dried, send qualified testing agency (SGS group) detect common pesticide variety residual and lead,
The content of beary metal such as arsenic, mercury, cadmium；Also carry out that agriculture is residual and heavy metal analysis to water.
Testing result meets country or professional standard, can come into operation.
3. the selection of high-quality lucidum strain
It will be seeded to PDA plate center after the activation of " Shanghai agriculture ganoderma lucidum No. 1 " bacterial strain, after culture 4 days, observes colonial morphology, choosing
It is sturdy and be close to the bacterial strain of plate as parent species to select bacterium colony rounding, mycelium, carries out subsequent original seed and cultivar makes.In original
During kind and cultivar culture, growing way situation is often observed.The original seed or cultivar that are infected with miscellaneous bacteria will be rejected in time.It plants
It cultivates and has cultivated 28-32 days, cultivar at this time is easier to pulverize for being inoculated with.
4. the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick
(1) pack and sterilizing
Timber is cut into section according to the length of 15cm, is fitted into the polyethylene plastic bag of 17cm × 35cm specification, in its wood
(water content of the compost is 70% or so to the sawdust materials that the both ends filling thickness of section is about 1.0-1.2cm, and humidity is equal
It is even) covering juggle section.To ensure that hot steam can be passed in and out normally, juggle can be the tightness that sack is pricked by thorough sterilization
It is quasi-.
The stacking of juggle does not provide, is subject to and can guarantee that hot steam is unimpeded, and the temperature in sterilization facility will be promoted rapidly
To 98 DEG C, and continue heat preservation 30 hours.
(2) inoculation and culture (incubation time is 2.5-3 months)
After sterilizing, temperature is down to 40 DEG C or so in facility subject to sterilization, is carried to the inoculation disinfected
In room (canopy or case).Emgloves is put on, with 75% alcohol surface sterilization.Cultivar is firmly pulverized, juggle both ends are seeded to
Sawdust materials on, tie sack, culture stacked in a manner of wall.In the training period, certain ventilation is given, to guarantee bacterium
Stick grows the demand to oxygen, while adjusting bacteria stick hierarchical position up and down, it is ensured that the speed of growth is more consistent.After in culture
Phase, culturing room's (canopy) is interior to place the basin for filling with water, to guarantee requirement of the growth to humidity of bacteria stick.
5. ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture
(1) greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, fine day is selected to turn over the soil of the cultivation area selected in step 1, removed
Weeds, stone etc. build furrow after solar exposure a few days and sandy soil whiten.High 20cm of furrow or so, the wide 1.5-1.8m of furrow, furrow it is long according to
It is general to require to be no more than 20m depending on landform, in order to avoid influence ventilation.A plastics Small plastic shed is built on every furrow, then utilizes bamboo
Etc. the greenhouse for building a flat-top, high 2.5m or so, 2 layers of sunshade net are spread, it is full to obtain the suitable homogenous diffusion light of light intensity
Needs of the sufficient ganoderma lucidum growth and development to light；
(2) bacteria stick arrangement and earthing
After ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is reached maturity, and it is local the temperature rises and when maintaining 12-15 DEG C, as far as possible by its intact nothing
In the transport to cultivation area greenhouse of damage ground, the sack of bacterium rod surface is not sloughed；If any breakage, breakage is closed with adhesive tape.It presses
It is arranged in vertically on ground furrow according to the specification that line-spacing, spacing are 5-6cm, and fine earth (granularity 0.5-1.0cm) is covered
It is placed on bacteria stick, exposes the upper end of bacteria stick just.
(3) cultivating bag opening and moisturizing
After bacteria stick earthing, several irrigation canals and ditches, 28cm every wide or so, deep 32cm or so are excavated in canopy.Store in irrigation canals and ditches have compared with
More clean waters, it is ensured that when weather shows slightly dry, the humidity in greenhouse is higher than outside canopy, is conducive to the growth and development of ganoderma lucidum.Work as bacterium
It 10-15 days after stick earthing, is cut at sack jag, so that former base is grown from there.
(4) former base formation and development
Former base is formed to opening；If former base or former base upper surface be it is light brown, the water of 20ml is injected into sawdust culture
In matrix；It, will be in the water injection sawdust medium matter of 30ml if there are some yellow in former base upper surface；If entire former base is uniform
White, and feel very hard with hand touching, then the water of 40ml should be injected in sawdust medium matter immediately, to supplement growth and development
The moisture consumed in the process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs.
When former base is gradually differentiated to form cap, and after carrying out horizontal cross growth, to be determined according to cap edge color
Whether to spray water.If cap edge, secondary side edge are respectively cream-coloured, ecru, water spray is not had to temporarily；If cap edge is (shallow)
Yellow should then spray water；If the color at cap edge is buff, increase the water spray frequency.
6. lucidum spore powder acquires
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray spore, fructification is encased using non-woven fabrics, it is to be ensured that the inner space of formation meets
The growth and development demand of ganoderma lucidum.
7. the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick
Ganoderma lucidum starts after spraying spore, gives bacteria stick water filling once a week: using disposable syringe by the water of 25ml from bacterium
The sack of stick nearby injects in bacteria stick, to supplement the moisture consumed in growth and development process, it is ensured that ganoderma lucidum normal growth needs.
8. the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder
Early period research shows that the collecting time of ganoderma lucidum has stronger correlation with the content of the bioactive substance in ganoderma lucidum
Property.So the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder can be carried out after conidia powder acquisition time continue for 1-1.5 months.
Above-mentioned cultivation of glossy ganoderma is carried out within continuous 3 years on same plot, acquires ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder.
The performance of cultivation in continuous 3 years under the not de- bag soil covering culture mode in the same plot of table 1
*: the conidia powder per unit area yield of every hundred kilograms of cultivation matrixes generation, fructification per unit area yield weight, unit are equal are as follows: kg/100kg wood
Material；
#: numerical value is indicated with mean value ± standard error.
As it can be seen from table 1 ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick goes out sesame rate, conidia powder list in continuous 3 years not de- bag soil covering cultures
It produces, highly significant variation does not occur in fructification per unit area yield.This cannot not show de-ly that bag soil covering culture method can be alleviated or even overcome
Continuous cropping obstacle effect.
Embodiment 2
Triterpene and polyoses content detection, the wherein inspection of triterpene are carried out to the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody that First Year in embodiment 1 is adopted
Survey method is shown in Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (2015 editions).
The detection method (phend-sulphuric acid) of polysaccharide is as follows:
1. with glucose as a standard product measure total reducing sugar with phend-sulphuric acid
1. the production of standard curve
Taking 105 DEG C of standard glucose, drying to constant weight, is configured to the glucose mark product mother liquor of 10.0mg/ml, then is diluted to
50 μ g/ml, as glucose standards solution.Draw 0.0 respectively, 0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0ml Standard glucose solution sets
It in analysis tube, is mended with distilled water to 1.0ml, adds 5% redistilled phenol solution 0.5ml, be rapidly added 2.5ml after mixing
The concentrated sulfuric acid is sufficiently mixed reaction solution using vortex oscillator, then test tube is placed in boiling water bath and reacts 15min, and water-bath is cold
But to room temperature, the absorbance value of its 490nm is surveyed.Using glucose mass concentration as abscissa, absorbance is ordinate, and standard processed is bent
Line.
2. sample total sugar content measures
All fructifications dried are crushed, 0.50~1.00g sample is weighed and is put into 100.0ml volumetric flask,
95.0ml distilled water is added, through boiling water bath 2h, stands to room temperature and is settled to 100.0ml, take supernatant 0.5ml and add water mend to
1.0ml is added 5% phenol solution 0.5ml, the 2.5ml concentrated sulfuric acid is rapidly added after mixing, fills reaction solution using vortex oscillator
Divide mixing, then test tube is placed in boiling water bath and reacts 15min, water-bath cooling to room temperature surveys the absorbance value at its 490nm.
Establishing criteria curve obtains the weight (g) of total reducing sugar in sample.
The weight of 100/ sample of weight * extension rate * of total reducing sugar in total sugar content (%)=sample
2. with glucose as a standard product measure reduced sugar with DNS method.
1. the preparation of DNS:
Solution A: dissolution 6.9g re-distilled phenol is diluted to 69.0ml in 15.2ml NaOH (10%) solution, in this solution
Middle addition 6.9g sodium hydrogensulfite.
Second liquid: 255.0g sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate is dissolved in 300.0ml NaOH (10%) solution, 880.0ml is added
3,5- dinitrosalicylic acid (10%).
Liquid A and liquid B is mixed up to yellow agents, is stored in brown reagent bottle, is made after placing 7 days at room temperature
With.
2. the measurement of sample content of reducing sugar
Above-mentioned Sample supernatants and glucose mark product solution (50 μ g/ml) each 1.0ml are measured, 25.0ml capacity is respectively placed in
It is each that 1.5ml DNS reagent is added in bottle, it shakes up and heats 15min in postposition boiling water bath, it is cooling with cold water rapidly.With distillation moisture
It is not settled to 25.0ml, is shaken up.Operating acquired solution in the same way with 1.0ml distilled water makees blank control simultaneously, in 520nm
Place measures absorbance value respectively.
The weight * extension rate * of contained sugar in the every ml reference substance of content of reducing sugar (%)=sample liquid absorbance value *
The weight of 100/ sample/standard items absorbance value
3. content=total sugar content-content of reducing sugar of polysaccharide in sample.
Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody triterpene and polyoses content testing result be shown in such as the following table 2,
Polysaccharide and triterpene content * in the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody that First Year obtains in 2 embodiment 1 of table
*: numerical value is indicated with mean value ± standard error.
Embodiment 3HPLC method detects ganoderma lucidum alcohol extract:
Specific method is shown in: Jia Hongyan etc., high effective liquid chromatography for measuring different sources and kind Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes components
Content, microbiology notification, 2017,44 (1): 238-244.
From the finger-print (Fig. 1) of the ethanol extract of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody as can be seen that three in the ganoderma lucidum that First Year obtains
Terpenoid content is high, is consistent with the measurement result in table 2 about triterpene content in ganoderma lucidum.
The detection of embodiment 4 content of beary metal and pesticide residue
For the heavy metal and pesticide remnant situation in detection ganoderma lucidum, we carry out powder to the ganoderma lucidum fruitbody that First Year obtains
Boiling water bath 3 hours, filtrate was concentrated in broken processing, and freeze-drying obtains Ganodenna Lucidum P.E dry powder.SGS group is entrusted to carry out a huge sum of money to sample
Category and Detecting Pesticide.Concrete outcome is shown in Table 3, table 4.
3 heavy-metal residual testing result of table
4 pesticide residue result of table
Claims (2)
1. a kind of ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
The selection of cultivation area, the selection of cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix, the selecting of high-quality lucidum strain, the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick, ganoderma lucidum
Not de- bag soil covering culture, the acquisition of lucidum spore powder, ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick water filling moisturizing, ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder
Harvesting；
Wherein cultivation of glossy ganoderma matrix is juggle and sawdust materials.
2. ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1 does not take off bag soil covering culture method, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
(1) the selection of cultivation area: cultivation area is far from highway, linear distance 500m or more；
(2) cultivation matrix selects: juggle 13-16cm；Compost is sawdust materials；
(3) high-quality lucidum strain is selected: ganoderma strain being inoculated on PDA plate or similar solid medium, culture 4- is protected from light
6 days, the bacterium colony of formation was that rounding, mycelium are sturdy and fine and close, as more excellent strain；
(4) the production of ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick:
I, pack and sterilizing
Juggle is packed, fills sawdust materials, sterilizing at juggle both ends；
II, inoculation and culture
Cultivar is seeded on the sawdust materials at juggle both ends；Carry out stacking culture；
(5) ganoderma lucidum does not take off bag soil covering culture:
I, greenhouse is built
In the bacteria stick earthing previous moon, the soil for the cultivation area selected in step (1) is turned over, furrow are built；Every two furrow are built
The vinyl house of 1.8-2.2m high, is covered with plastic film above；
The discharge of II, bacteria stick and earthing
After ganoderma lucidum bacteria stick is trained ripe, it is transported to the arranged cultivation area put in order, not slough the bag on surface
Son is vertically placed on ground furrow, and thereon by fine earth covering, exposes the upper end of bacteria stick just；
III, cultivating bag opening and moisturizing
After bacteria stick earthing, irrigation canals and ditches, 25-30cm every wide, deep 30-40cm are excavated in canopy；After bacteria stick earthing 10-15 days, edge
It is cut at sack tether；
IV, former base formation and development
After forming former base, sawdust medium matter is filled the water, after ganoderma lucidum cap is formed, is sprayed water to ganoderma lucidum；
(6) the acquisition of lucidum spore powder:
After ganoderma lucidum starts to spray conidia powder, stop water spray, and starts to carry out conidia powder acquisition；
(7) the water filling moisturizing of ganoderma lucidum growth and development middle and later periods bacteria stick:
After starting to acquire conidia powder, 20-30ml water is injected to the sawdust Medium Culture of bacteria stick near the sack of bacteria stick；The frequency is
1 times/week；
(8) harvesting of ganoderma lucidum and conidia powder:
After conidia powder acquisition time continue for 1-1.5 months, the harvesting of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder can be carried out.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112772276A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags |
| CN112913575A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102318504A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | 四川农业大学 | Method for collecting spore powder by cultivating ganoderma with layered rack type stereoscopic bag material |
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| CN102318504A (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2012-01-18 | 四川农业大学 | Method for collecting spore powder by cultivating ganoderma with layered rack type stereoscopic bag material |
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| 魏银初等: ""驻马店市段木熟料灵芝栽培的关键技术"", 《浙江食用菌》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112772276A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-05-11 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for directly cultivating saprophytic bacteria by using waste boletus fuscogilus fungus bags |
| CN112913575A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-08 | 云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所 | Ganoderma lucidum micropore bag opening and soil covering planting method |
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