CN105493818A - Method for breeding alpinia oxyphylla seedlings under rubber trees - Google Patents
Method for breeding alpinia oxyphylla seedlings under rubber trees Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding alpinia oxyphylla seedlings under rubber trees. According to the method, the alpinia oxyphylla seedlings are bred among rubber tree rows in a rubber forest land with the gradient ranging from 0 degree to 15 degrees, wherein the plant spacing between every two rubber trees is 2-3 m, the row spacing is 6-8 m, the tree age is 10 years and above, the shading degree under the rubber trees is appropriately 70-90%, the plant and row spacing of the rubber trees is large, the general plantation density is that the plant and row spacing is 3m * 7m, the land utilization rate is low, if only the rubber trees are planted, water and soil loss is severe, soil fertility is lowered, and the ecological environment is prone to damage; weeds grow easily if only the rubber trees are planted, and management cost is high. According to the method, resource use efficiency of a rubber tree plantation is give full play, comprehensive benefits of the rubber tree plantation are increased, the alpinia oxyphylla seedlings are bred under the grown rubber trees, the land utilization rate of the rubber forest land can be raised, growth of weeds is inhibited, cost of breeding the alpinia oxyphylla seedlings can be lowered, economic benefits are increased, and the method is an effective measure for comprehensively upgrading the rubber and alpinia oxyphylla seedling breeding industries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, particularly under a kind of rubber forest, breed the method for intelligence development seedling.
Background technology
Intelligence development (AlpiniaoxyphylaMiq) is Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) Alpinia (Alpinia) plant, is often born in the wet place of sylvan life shade.Promulgate the guilding policy of development forest economy in recent years in country under, Hainan Province greatly develops underwood planting intelligence development to improve the economic well-being of workers and staff of hill farmer.Intelligence development seedling demand is large, only has propagation in scale intelligence development seedling to meet the market supply.Current intelligence development seedling is mainly booth and breeds, and booth is bred the employing of intelligence development seedling and manually built the booth that shelters from heat or light, and utilizes network control illumination of sheltering from heat or light, carries out breeding of intelligence development seedling.Because booth is relatively closed, temperature of shed is high, and air circulation is poor, causes booth to breed intelligence development seedling and easily grows damage by disease and insect, grow slower; And booth construction cost cost compared with high, work consuming is many, be unfavorable for reduce production cost.
Bamboo grows (Heveabrasiliensis) originates in the jungle in Brazilian Amazon River basin, its product natural rubber and iron and steel, colliery, oil be called the large essential industry raw material in the world four, it is the grand strategy goods and materials concerning national economy and national defense safety, also being the valuable source advancing Chinese hot-zone building Socialist New, is Tropical China area Main Economic seeds.Bamboo grows seeding row spacing is wider, and general planting density is seeding row spacing 3m × 6m, and land utilization rate is low, single cropping bamboo grows severe water and soil erosion, and soil fertility reduces, and ecotope is easily damaged; And nonoculture rubber easily grows weeds, management cost is high.In order to give full play to the level of resources utilization of plantation, improve the comprehensive benefit of plantation, people are by seeking suitable efficient plantation intercropping Comprehensive Management Modes, and the economic crops be applicable to a kind increase plantation ground income, reach the object raised short-long.
Rubber price is low in recent years, Hainan Province accelerates Rubber Industry structural adjustment, change the development pattern of Rubber Industry single cropping, make full use of resource under rubber forest, carry out the various modes such as sylvan life intercropping south medicine, underwood planting edible mushroom, underwood planting flowers, improve plantation economic well-being of workers and staff, make up the economic loss that glue valency depression causes glue agriculture, ensure that Rubber Industry develops in a healthy way.But but do not have correlative study to report about breeding intelligence development seedling under rubber forest.
Summary of the invention
Investigate discovery through us, become bamboo grows sylvan life in age shade rate to be about about 80%, sylvan life temp. and humidity is suitable for, and air circulation is better, and these environmental index are applicable to the growth of intelligence development seedling very much.
Therefore, the method of intelligence development seedling is bred herein under a kind of rubber forest is provided, intelligence development seedling breeding is carried out under rubber forest age at one-tenth, not only can improve the land utilization rate in rubber forest land, suppress weeds propagation and widespread, intelligence development seedling cost can also be reduced, increase economic efficiency, the effective measures of General Promotion rubber and intelligence development seedling breeding industry.
Given this, breed the method for intelligence development seedling herein under object is to provide a kind of rubber forest, improve rubber forest ground availability and economic benefit by the method, also improve intelligence development seedling quality further, reduce intelligence development seedling cost.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme, carrying out intelligence development seedling breeding in the ranks at the rubber in the rubber forest land of the gradient 0 °-15 °, wherein, rubber planting strain spacing in the rows 2-3m, line-spacing 6-8m, the age of tree more than 10 years, under rubber forest, shade rate is about 70%-90%.
In described method, described intelligence development seedling breeding is in intelligence development seedbed, and the wide 2-2.5m in seedbed, long 8-10m, seedbed long side direction and bamboo grows row are to identical, and seedbed the right and left distance bamboo grows is apart from equal.
In described method, preferably, the spacing often between adjacent two seedbeds of row intelligence development seedling is 0.5-1m.
In described method, preferably, the rubber forest land gradient is 0 °-5 °.
In described method, preferably, rubber seeding row spacing is 2.5m × 8m or 3m × 7m.
In described method, preferably, under rubber forest, shade rate is 75%-85%.
In described method, preferably, intelligence development seedbed is wide and long is 2m × 10m or 2.5m × 8m.
In described method, the method of described intelligence development seedling is that the seedling gone out until intelligence development seed germination is when growing 4-6 sheet leaf, be downloaded in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag is placed in described intelligence development seedbed and carries out nursery, Seedling bag specification is 10cm × 12cm, nursery soil is made up of laterite, coconut palm chaff, soil conditioner, and it is lateritic weight percentage is 50-85%, the weight percentage of coconut palm chaff is 10-40%, the weight percentage of soil conditioner is 5-20%; Be preferably that lateritic weight percentage is 60%, the weight percentage of coconut palm chaff is 30%, the weight percentage of soil conditioner is 10%.
In described method, soil conditioner is mineral matter class soil conditioner, has the effect improving acid ground and has the effect improving acid ground.
Described laterite for smashing, cross after 10 mesh sieves, there is no the laterite soil of pathogenic bacteria after with soil fungicides process; Described coconut palm chaff is the coconut palm chaff become thoroughly decomposed through heap preparing high-temp.
Described method also comprises the intelligence development seedling to loading Seedling bag, after watering 2 water to 15 day intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem every day, within every 2 days, waters once, and ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.
The method of breeding intelligence development seedling under rubber forest of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. promote intelligence development seedling early growth: intelligence development is ombrophyte, open shade rate about about 80% under the rubber forest after cutting, be applicable to very much the growth of intelligence development seedling.Compared with booth growing environment, under rubber forest, temp. and humidity is suitable for, and air flow property is good, and every environmental index is closer to the growing environment of wild intelligence development and seedling thereof.The process not needing hardening to adapt to during the intelligence development kind transplantation of seedlings of breeding under rubber forest, survival rate is higher.
2. improve rubber plantation economic benefit: with nonoculture rubber ratio comparatively, breed the rubber forest section of intelligence development seedling under rubber forest, can not only natural rubber be produced, can also the intelligence development seedling of output high-quality, significantly improve the rubber forest land economic benefit of unit are.And Hevea is in shallow root type seeds, major part root system is positioned at more than 50cm soil layer, and radicula focuses mostly in Litter Layer and more than 10cm mineral soil top layer, these characteristics are conducive to the fertilizer that it absorbs intelligence development seedbed seepage, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote that bamboo grows growth and dry incineration method improve.
3. reduce seedling cost, economic synergy is remarkable: breed intelligence development seedling in use booth and compare, breed intelligence development seedling under rubber forest and save the cost such as soil, booth construction cost built needed for booth, greatly save seedling cost, thus significantly improve the economic benefit of intelligence development seedling breeding.
Breed the method for intelligence development seedling under rubber forest of the present invention under, intelligence development seedling obtains the growing environments such as suitable shade rate, temperature, humidity, and the root system of bamboo grows fully can absorb the fertilizer of intelligence development seedbed seepage, forest land resource is made full use of, thus achieves low input high production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The method mode figure of intelligence development seedling is bred under Figure 1 shows that rubber forest of the present invention
Wherein zero represents bamboo grows, and dash area is expressed as intelligence development seedbed, and A represents the line space of adjacent two bamboo growss plantation row, and B represents bamboo grows spacing in the rows; C represents the width in intelligence development seedbed; D represents the length in intelligence development seedbed; E represents the distance between the longitudinal direction of intelligence development seedbed; C represents the spacing of intelligence development seedbed and bamboo grows;
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Become to breed under bamboo grows age the method for intelligence development seedling based on of the present invention, concrete steps comprise plantation planning, whole, pack field planting, seedling stage liquid manure and pest management, seedling go out garden five steps composition:
Plantation planning: rubber forest ground standard is, selection physical features is smooth, draining good, the rubber forest land of the gradient 0 °-15 °, rubber planting strain spacing in the rows 2-3m, line-spacing 6-8m, the age of tree more than 10 years (open and cut more than 2 years), under rubber forest, shade rate is about 70%-90%, carries out intelligence development seedling breeding in the rubber line space of wherein 6-8m.The wide 2-2.5m in intelligence development seedbed, long 8-10m, direction, seedbed and bamboo grows row are to identical, and seedbed the right and left distance bamboo grows is apart from equal.Laterally at a distance of 0.5-1m between seedbed, be convenient to rubber tapping workman and pass through at plantation.
In an embodiment of the invention, the rubber forest land gradient is 0 °-5 °;
In an embodiment of the invention, rubber seeding row spacing is 2.5m × 8m or 3m × 7m;
In an embodiment of the invention, under rubber forest, shade rate is 75%-85%;
In an embodiment of the invention, intelligence development seedbed is wide and long is 2m × 10m or 2.5m × 8m;
In an embodiment of the invention, horizontal at a distance of 0.5m between seedbed.
Wholely: first 15 days of intelligence development seedling cultivation, according to plantation planning, cleaning bamboo grows weeds in the ranks and shrub, soil, smooth seedbed.Seedbed surrounding drainage trenching is unobstructed to ensure seedbed draining.
Pack field planting: late October is to early November, when the seedling that intelligence development seed germination goes out grows 4-6 sheet leaf, be transplanted in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag specification is 10cm × 12cm, nursery soil is made up of laterite, coconut palm chaff, soil conditioner, and its ratio is laterite: coconut palm chaff: soil conditioner=3:1.5:0.5.Intelligence development seedling waters normal root water, to help seedling restoration ecosystem after loading Seedling bag.
Described laterite for smashing, cross after 10 mesh sieves, there is no the soil of pathogenic bacteria after with soil fungicides process;
Described coconut palm chaff is the coconut palm chaff become thoroughly decomposed through heap preparing high-temp;
Described soil conditioner is " Shenzhou VI 54 " soil conditioner, and it is mineral matter class soil conditioner, and buy from the rich ocean Bei Kuang development corporation, Ltd. of Zhanhua generation, it has the effect improving acid ground.
Seedling stage liquid manure and pest management: the intelligence development seedling just having loaded Seedling bag, water 2 water every day, after about 15 days intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem, within every 2 days, water once, ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed in time, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.
Seedling goes out garden: after nursery 7-8 month, height of seedling can reach 25-35cm, and tiller bud has 3-6 strain usually, transplants going out garden in time.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Experimental design: in the rubber forest land that two pieces of areas are identical, one piece of forest land is nonoculture rubber, and another block is breed intelligence development seedling under rubber forest, compares the per mu yield of two kinds of patterns, economic benefit, and two kinds of patterns are each in triplicate, average.Nonoculture rubber is left intact in contrast.
Breed the method for intelligence development seedling under rubber forest: comprise plantation planning, whole, pack field planting, seedling stage liquid manure and pest management, seedling go out the several step in garden.
Plantation planning: rubber articles is that heat grinds 73397, and place is in Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences test site 7 team, and bamboo grows seeding row spacing is 3m × 7m, and the age of tree 12 years, under rubber forest, shade rate is about 80%-83%.Plan intelligence development plantation seedbed, the i.e. wide 2m in intelligence development seedbed, long 10m according to Fig. 1, direction, seedbed and bamboo grows row are to identical.Laterally at a distance of 0.5m between seedbed, be convenient to rubber tapping workman and pass through at plantation.
Wholely: early October, according to plantation planning, cleaning bamboo grows weeds in the ranks and shrub, soil, smooth seedbed.Seedbed surrounding drainage trenching is unobstructed to ensure seedbed draining.
Pack field planting: late October, when the seedling that intelligence development seed germination goes out grows 4-6 sheet leaf, be transplanted in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag specification is diameter and is highly 10cm × 12cm.Seedling bag is put on seedbed, about 2000 bags, each seedbed.Seedling bag is plastic seeding culturing bag, purchased from Danzhou City Qiong Fu plastics Co., Ltd.
Nursery soil is made up of laterite, coconut palm chaff, soil conditioner, and its ratio is laterite: coconut palm chaff: soil conditioner=3:1.5:0.5.Intelligence development seedling waters normal root water, to help seedling restoration ecosystem after loading Seedling bag.
Seedling stage liquid manure and pest management: the intelligence development seedling just having loaded Seedling bag, water 2 water every day, after about 15 days intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem, within every 2 days, water once, ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed in time, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.
Seedling goes out garden: after nursery 7-8 month, height of seedling can reach 25-35cm, and tiller bud has 3-6 strain usually, transplants going out garden in time.
Statistical analysis:
The paper " Hainan or now abandon cut phenomenon natural rubber cost geometry " that rubber production cost is delivered with reference to Zhang De, rubber growth cost comprises planting cost and rubber tapping labour cost amounts to about 9.9 yuan/Kg, the dry glue price of rubber, with reference to natural rubber price in 2015 14 yuan/Kg, calculates the dry glue of rubber and total economic well-being of workers and staff and net earnings with this.
Add up as calculated, the soil that every mu of rubber forest land can be used for carrying out intelligence development seedling breeding accounts for 1/3, about 220m
2, breed intelligence development seedling 22000 bags, every bag of expense 0.6 yuan, nursery expense 13200 yuan, reaches the intelligence development bagged seedlings price 2 yuan/bag of garden standard, and namely intelligence development seedling total income 44000 yuan is bred in every mu of rubber forest land, and removing cost net income is 30800 yuan.
Result of the test is as follows: as shown in Table 1, finds by breeding intelligence development seedling benefit under comparing nonoculture rubber and rubber forest, and because rubber price is low, the impact of the factors such as labor cost increase, nonoculture rubber every mu only has the net economic benefit of 430.5 yuan.Under carrying out rubber forest, breed intelligence development seedling, every mu of rubber forest land increases nursery and takes in 30800 yuan, significantly improves rubber forest land unit are economic benefit.
The performance analysis of intelligence development seedling is bred under table 1. nonoculture rubber and rubber forest
Embodiment 2
Experimental design: breed intelligence development seedling two kinds of methods under adopting booth and rubber forest respectively, compares the parameter such as intelligence development Seedling growth, cost input under two kinds of methods.
Booth breeds intelligence development seedling: during early October adopt obscurity be 80% sunshade net build the booth that shelters from heat or light, canopy height 2m; Level land, planning intelligence development plantation seedbed, the i.e. wide 1.5m in intelligence development seedbed, long 10m; Late October, when the seedling that intelligence development seed germination goes out grows 4-6 sheet leaf, be transplanted in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag format diameter and be highly 10cm × 12cm.Seedling bag is put on seedbed, about 1500 bags, each seedbed.Seedling bag is plastic seeding culturing bag, and purchased from Danzhou City Qiong Fu plastics Co., Ltd, nursery soil is aseptic laterite.Intelligence development seedling waters normal root water after loading Seedling bag, has just loaded the intelligence development seedling of Seedling bag, has watered 2 water every day, after about 15 days intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem, within every 2 days, watered once, and ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed in time, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.After nursery 7-8 month, height of seedling can reach 25-35cm, and tiller bud has 3-6 usually, transplants going out garden in time.
Intelligence development seedling is bred under rubber forest:
Breed the method for intelligence development seedling under rubber forest: comprise plantation planning, whole, pack field planting, seedling stage liquid manure and pest management, seedling go out the several step in garden.
Plantation planning: rubber articles is that heat grinds 73397, and place is in Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences test site 7 team, and bamboo grows seeding row spacing is 2.5m × 8m, the age of tree 15 years, shade rate about 80% under rubber forest.Plan intelligence development plantation seedbed, the i.e. wide 2.5m in intelligence development seedbed, long 8m according to Fig. 1, direction, seedbed and bamboo grows row are to identical, horizontal at a distance of 0.5m between seedbed.
Wholely: early October, according to plantation planning, cleaning bamboo grows weeds in the ranks and shrub, soil, smooth seedbed.Seedbed surrounding drainage trenching is unobstructed to ensure seedbed draining.
Pack field planting: late October, when the seedling that intelligence development seed germination goes out grows 4-6 sheet leaf, be transplanted in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag format diameter and be highly 10cm × 12cm.Seedling bag is put on seedbed, 2000 bags, each seedbed.Seedling bag is plastic seeding culturing bag, and purchased from Danzhou City Qiong Fu plastics Co., Ltd, nursery soil is made up of laterite, coconut palm chaff, soil conditioner, and its ratio is laterite: coconut palm chaff: soil conditioner=3:1.5:0.5.Intelligence development seedling waters normal root water, to help seedling restoration ecosystem after loading Seedling bag.
Seedling stage liquid manure and pest management: the intelligence development seedling just having loaded Seedling bag, water 2 water every day, after about 15 days intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem, within every 2 days, water once, ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed in time, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.
Seedling goes out garden: after nursery 7-8 month, height of seedling can reach 25-35cm, and tiller bud has 3-6 strain usually, transplants going out garden in time.
Testing index:
After pack field planting grows 6 months, random selecting 20 bags of intelligence development bagged seedlings measure intelligence development leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, plant height, biomass; Calculate the input cost that two kinds are bred kind of seedling-growing method simultaneously.Temperature and humidity dynamic change under bright day gas measures 8:00-18:00 booth and rubber forest, every two hours measures once simultaneously.Concrete assay method is as follows:
The mensuration of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: utilize portable modulated chlorophyll fluorescence instrument PAM-2500 (WALZ, Germany) measure intelligence development leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameter, measure mensuration initial fluorescence (F0), the maximum fluorescence (Fm) through 30min dark adaptation rear blade, under natural daylight, obtain actual light chemical efficiency (Φ PS II) and the electron transport rate (ETR) of blade.Minute is 10:00-12:00, and each mensuration repeats for 3 times.For reducing the error because minute causes, each minute shifts to an earlier date 15min and starts to measure, and the end to end circulation assay method of employing that repeats for 3 times of each process carries out.
Plant height and biomass estimation: with ruler working sample plant height; Then the root of the plant of each sample, stem, leaf are cleaned up.105 DEG C of 30min that complete, weigh after 85 DEG C of oven dry.
Interpretation of result:
Degree/day dynamic change under table 2. booth and rubber forest
| Seedling-cultivating method | 8:00 | 10:00 | 12:00 | 14:00 | 16:00 | 18:00 |
| Booth | 28.5℃ | 32.1℃ | 35.7℃ | 37.5℃ | 36.3℃ | 34.4℃ |
| Under rubber forest | 28.3℃ | 31.8℃ | 33.2℃ | 35.1℃ | 34.8℃ | 32.3℃ |
Table 3. booth and the relative moisture dynamic change of rubber forest lower day
| Seedling-cultivating method | 8:00 | 10:00 | 12:00 | 14:00 | 16:00 | 18:00 |
| Booth | 82％ | 68％ | 59％ | 56％ | 55％ | 76％ |
| Under rubber forest | 85％ | 73％ | 67％ | 64％ | 66％ | 81％ |
The intelligence development seedling early growth of breeding under two kinds of methods under table 4. booth and rubber forest and photosynthetic parameters Indexes Comparison
Note: Fv/Fm is the maximum quantum output of photosystem PS II
Y II is the actual light quantum yield of photosystem PS II
P
nfor Net Photosynthetic Rate
By variations in temperature (table 2) under monitoring booth and rubber forest, find that the temperature in booth is all high than temperature under rubber forest, especially 12:00-16:00 during this period of time the temperature difference 2.5 DEG C, 2.4 DEG C and 1.5 DEG C, this is because daytime weakens solar radiation consumingly because of the leaf that rubber tree crown is dense, so that the heat obtained in rubber forest is few compared with non-stocked land, in addition bamboo grows evapo tranpiration heat dissipation is larger, so temperature nature is outer than woods low, suitable microclimate environment is bred intelligence development seedling and high temperature can be avoided the injury of seedling.
By relative humidity variations (table 3) under monitoring booth and rubber forest, find that the relative moisture in booth is all low than temperature under rubber forest, and moistening environment is liked in intelligence development, relative moisture is more conducive to comparatively greatly the growth of intelligence development seedling.
By comparing the intelligence development seedling early growth of breeding under two kinds of methods under booth and rubber forest and photosynthetic parameters index finds (table 4), the intelligence development seedling plant height of breeding under rubber forest, biomass, Fv/Fm (the maximum quantum output of photosystem PS II), Y II (the actual light quantum yield of photosystem PS II) and P
n(Net Photosynthetic Rate) is all greater than the intelligence development seedling of breeding in booth.Wherein Fv/Fm is the maximum quantum output of photosystem PSII, reflect the potential maximum photosynthetic capacity (photosynthetic efficiency) of plant, when plant is forced, Fv/Fm significantly declines, as shown in Table 4, low by 0.062 than under rubber forest of the Fv/Fm value of the intelligence development seedling grown in booth, the intelligence development seedling showing in booth receives environment-stress (as lower in high temperature, relative moisture etc. environmental factor) to a certain extent.Y II is the actual light quantum yield (i.e. actual photosynthesis ability, actual photosynthesis efficiency) of photosystem PS II, and the intelligence development seedling Y II in booth is lower by 0.571 than the intelligence development seedling under rubber forest, shows that the intelligence development seedling photosynthetic efficiency under rubber forest is higher.
As can be seen here, breed intelligence development seedling under rubber forest and can improve rubber forest land economic benefit, and under rubber forest, each environmental index key element is more suitable for the growth of intelligence development seedling, the seedling quality brought out is better.
Claims (10)
1. breed a method for intelligence development seedling under rubber forest, carry out intelligence development seedling breeding in the ranks at the rubber in the rubber forest land of the gradient 0 °-15 °, wherein, rubber planting strain spacing in the rows 2-3m, line-spacing 6-8m, the age of tree more than 10 years, under rubber forest, shade rate is about 70%-90%.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described intelligence development seedling breeding is in intelligence development seedbed, and the wide 2-2.5m in seedbed, long 8-10m, seedbed long side direction and bamboo grows row are to identical, and seedbed the right and left distance bamboo grows is apart from equal.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the spacing often between adjacent two seedbeds of row intelligence development seedling is 0.5-1m.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the rubber forest land gradient is 0 °-5 °.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: rubber seeding row spacing is 2.5m × 8m or 3m × 7m.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: under rubber forest, shade rate is 75%-85%.
7. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: intelligence development seedbed is wide and long is 2m × 10m or 2.5m × 8m.
8. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method for described intelligence development seedling is that the seedling gone out until intelligence development seed germination is when growing 4-6 sheet leaf, transfer is in the Seedling bag that nursery soil is housed, Seedling bag is placed in described intelligence development seedbed and carries out nursery, nursery soil is made up of laterite, coconut palm chaff, soil conditioner, it is lateritic weight percentage is 50-85%, the weight percentage of coconut palm chaff be account for 10-40%, soil conditioner weight percentage for accounting for 5-20%.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described soil conditioner is mineral matter class soil conditioner; Described laterite for smashing, cross after 10 mesh sieves, there is no the laterite soil of pathogenic bacteria after with soil fungicides process; Described coconut palm chaff is the coconut palm chaff become thoroughly decomposed through heap preparing high-temp.
10. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described method also comprises the intelligence development seedling to loading Seedling bag, after watering 2 water to 15 day intelligence development seedling restoration ecosystem every day, within every 2 days, water once, ensure ground moistening, the rainy day notes seedbed draining, prevents waterlogging; Monthly spray 2 amino acids foliage fertilizers, promote plant strain growth, improve its disease resistance; 72.2% propionamide Propamocarb aqua is sprayed, prevention damping off, epidemic disease and downy mildew after rainy weather.
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| CN112535054A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-03-23 | 中国热带农业科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting coconuts under rubber forest |
| CN113317162A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-08-31 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Alternate cutting utilization method for rubber trees in mature rubber forest |
| CN113854032A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2021-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区国有博白林场 | Cultivation and planting method for interplanting under forest and developing intelligence |
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| CN110506517A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-11-29 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | The method of Southern Pine cuttage seeding hayashishita scale breeding |
| CN110506517B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-08-13 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for understory scale breeding of southern pine cutting seedlings |
| CN112535054A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-03-23 | 中国热带农业科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting coconuts under rubber forest |
| CN112535054B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-07-22 | 中国热带农业科学院 | Cultivation method for interplanting coconuts under rubber forest |
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| CN113317162B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2022-06-24 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Alternate cutting utilization method for rubber trees in mature rubber forest |
| CN113854032A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2021-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区国有博白林场 | Cultivation and planting method for interplanting under forest and developing intelligence |
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