CN107996274A - A kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its cultural method for cultivating oyster mushroom - Google Patents

A kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its cultural method for cultivating oyster mushroom Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107996274A
CN107996274A CN201711214840.8A CN201711214840A CN107996274A CN 107996274 A CN107996274 A CN 107996274A CN 201711214840 A CN201711214840 A CN 201711214840A CN 107996274 A CN107996274 A CN 107996274A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
greenhouse
oyster mushroom
fruiting
bed
grape
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Pending
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CN201711214840.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马会丽
赵海
李峰
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Luoyang Ming Tuo Eco Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Luoyang Ming Tuo Eco Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711214840.8A priority Critical patent/CN107996274A/en
Publication of CN107996274A publication Critical patent/CN107996274A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/04Supports for hops, vines, or trees
    • A01G17/06Trellis-work

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to greenhouse production grape technical field, discloses a kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its cultivates the cultural method of oyster mushroom, fruiting bed build aerial part in, and be not required to largely cut the earth is embedded in underground by bacteria stick, and workload is small, saving of labor;Oyster mushroom bacteria stick is placed on fruiting bed, is aerated using sprinkling with vent window, draining ventilation effect is good;Bacteria stick is not required special material to bury soil after putting, and reduces financial cost;The length of fruiting bed is transplanted type according to greenhouse controlling frame and is flexibly changed so that grape management is independent of each other with oyster mushroom management;The moisturizing of edible fungus stick is carried out by the way of water spraying atomization, promotes the normal growth of mushroom body.The present invention combines the affiliated facility in greenhouse, by most simple, most saving of labor, it is most economical in a manner of carry out the plant of oyster mushroom, reach and rationally utilize greenhouse space, realize the maximization of economic benefit.

Description

A kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its cultural method for cultivating oyster mushroom
Technical field
The invention belongs to greenhouse production grape technical field, more particularly to a kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its culture oyster mushroom Cultural method.
Background technology
The importance morning that greenhouse produces grape, not only can be effective using greenhouse production grape known to grower The environmental factors such as ground control temperature, illumination, humidity, gas concentration lwevel, produce good grape, can also break grape growth Season limit, reach whole year production, supply grape.With the increase of greenhouse controlling cultivated area, single-ridgepole glasshouse grape is produced For amount, benefit is on a declining curve, is mainly manifested in cultivar undue concentration, greenhouse space using insufficient, yield it is latent Power is not not fully exerted.Heliogreenhouse grape production in, due to single there is cultivar, multiple crop index it is low and its The reasons such as greenhouse space utilization rate is low, have impact on further improving for heliogreenhouse economic benefit.Cultivated under existing grape trellis The method of edible mushroom, is made of greenhouse frame, canopy film, beam, adverse grade, rear wall, vinegrowing ditch, edible mushroom rod.A kind of solid Portugal The method of grape and edible mushroom symbiotic cultivation is under greenhouse controlling frame, makes the fruiting bed of edible mushroom, then discharges bacteria stick In fruiting bed, moisturizing is carried out using the mode of water spray or trickle irrigation.The shortcomings that prior art is:1st, edible fungus stick needs depth Bury, buried thickness is 30-50cm, great in constructing amount.2nd, it is too deep to bury soil, causes draining poor with ventilation effect, influences going out for bacteria stick Mushroom amount and quality;3rd, cover soil material is foam cement particle, causes that the production cost increases.4th, the buried bacterium of ditching under grape trellis Rod, is unfavorable for carrying out the daily management of grape, the symbiosis mode of grape and edible mushroom is dumb, and is limited by greenhouse controlling Some cultivation postures.5th, by the way of overburden layer water spray and trickle irrigation, the health for being unfavorable for mushroom body is raw for the moisturizing of edible fungus stick It is long.
The reason for drawbacks described above is:Oyster mushroom belongs to aerobic fungi, it is necessary to constantly absorb oxygen and discharge in growing Carbon dioxide.Work as atmosphere draught-free, carbon dioxide buildup is excessive, and when oxygen is insufficient, the formation of fructification is suppressed be subject to certain. Even if growth, also results in that stem is elongated, the very small deformity of cap, therefore, in the formation phase of fructification, will strengthen ventilating management, Keep enough fresh airs.The mycelium of oyster mushroom can be grown in the environment of complete darkness, but cannot produce fructification or Only long elongated stem is without forming cap.Need to scatter light during fruiting.Therefore method that edible mushroom is embedded in underground is deposited In defect.
In conclusion problem existing in the prior art is:There is construction in the method that edible mushroom is cultivated under existing grape trellis Amount is big, and draining is poor with ventilation effect, influences the fruiting amount and quality of bacteria stick;Cause that the production cost increases, be unfavorable for carrying out grape Daily management, the symbiosis mode of grape and edible mushroom is dumb;It is unfavorable for the healthy growth of mushroom body.Oyster mushroom belongs to aerobic true Bacterium, it is necessary to constantly absorb oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide in growing.Work as atmosphere draught-free, carbon dioxide buildup is excessive, oxygen During unsaturated vapor, the formation of fructification is suppressed be subject to certain, influences the Fruiting quality of oyster mushroom, and oyster mushroom happiness scattering light.Will food Underground is embedded in bacterium, is undoubtedly unfavorable for the growth of oyster mushroom.This be prior art problem there are the problem of.
Oyster mushroom belongs to aerobic fungi, it is necessary to constantly absorb oxygen and discharge carbon dioxide in growing.When air not Circulation, carbon dioxide buildup is excessive, and when oxygen is insufficient, the formation of fructification is suppressed be subject to certain.
The content of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides the cultivation of a kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its culture oyster mushroom Method.The present invention utilizes greenhouse experiment, and fruiting bed is built under grape trellis, can control mushroom carpophore institute in forming process Temperature, humidity, illumination, the condition such as ventilation needed, so as to create the environmental condition of optimum oyster mushroom fruiting, can lift oyster mushroom Fruiting yield and quality.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of greenhouse controlling frame, and the greenhouse controlling frame is provided with:
Grape trellis;
The grape trellis rides over the centre position of greenhouse, and fruiting bed is placed on the bottom of the greenhouse;
Oyster mushroom bacteria stick is placed with the fruiting bed;
Spray irrigation pipe is installed on the grape trellis.
Further, cotton-wadded quilt, sunshade net are stamped on the greenhouse.
Further, the metope of the greenhouse is provided with ventilating opening.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of the culture oyster mushroom using the greenhouse controlling frame, The cultural method of the culture oyster mushroom includes:
Step 1, under greenhouse controlling frame, at 60cm, site preparation bedding, does fruiting bed, fruiting bed rule around grape tree body Lattice a length of 1.5m, width 60cm, are highly 25cm, and fruiting bed is above ground level, and 60cm is spaced between each fruiting bed and was used for Road;
Step 2, after flattening bed surface, fruiting bed irrigates, and oyster mushroom bacteria stick is deposited on fruiting bed, and the mode of stacking is in product word Shape, 3 layers, every is placed 2 rows, two bottom surface of bacterium bag to making to be in toroidal to together, dismantling bacterium bag sealing two ends, and fruiting mouth is outwardly East-west spray irrigation pipe is built on greenhouse frame apart from ground level 2m positions to be sprayed, water outlet is in vaporific;
Step 3, humiture is adjusted using greenhouse ventilation opening, chamber humidity in 75%-90%, outside greenhouse in canopy film away from East-west sunshade net is drawn in 2m positions from the ground, and indoor illumination area and temperature are adjusted using the folding and unfolding of greenhouse cotton-wadded quilt;Room Interior 18~22 DEG C of temperature;
Step 4, after strain is put, opens sprinkling irrigation 3-4 times, the time of spraying every time is 5 minutes daily.
Further, the cultural method of the culture oyster mushroom is carried out under grape trellis after 5-7 month greenhouse controllings harvest Cultivate oyster mushroom.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of grape planted using the greenhouse controlling frame.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of oyster mushroom of the cultural method culture using the culture oyster mushroom.
Cultivate oyster mushroom under greenhouse controlling frame of the present invention, grape and oyster mushroom coexistence commensalism, mutually promote, and improves sunlight Indoor ecological environment, makes full use of the effect approach that has of heliogreenhouse increase economic benefit, has higher promotional value and bright Aobvious economic benefit.
Fruiting bed in the present invention build aerial part in, and be not required to largely cut the earth is embedded in underground by bacteria stick, and workload is small, saves Work;Oyster mushroom bacteria stick is placed on fruiting bed, is aerated using sprinkling with vent window, draining ventilation effect is good;Bacteria stick is put It is not required special material to bury soil afterwards, reduces financial cost;The length of fruiting bed is transplanted type according to greenhouse controlling frame and is carried out Flexibly change so that grape management is independent of each other with oyster mushroom management;The moisturizing of edible fungus stick by the way of water spraying atomization into OK, the normal growth of mushroom body is promoted.
Outside greenhouse of the present invention in canopy film, east-west sunshade net is drawn apart from ground 2m positions;The distance on greenhouse frame Ground level 2m positions, build east-west spray irrigation pipe and are sprayed, and the water of ejection is in vaporific;Greenhouse fruiting bed specification is a length of 1.5m, width 60cm, are highly 25cm;It is in isosceles triangle that oyster mushroom bacteria stick, which stacks mode, and every is placed 2 rows, two bottom surface pair of bacterium bag Make to be in toroidal to bacterium bag sealing two ends together, are dismantled, fruiting mouth is outwardly;With reference to the affiliated facility in greenhouse, with most simply, most Saving of labor, most economical mode carry out the plant of oyster mushroom, reach and rationally utilize greenhouse space, realize the maximization of economic benefit.
Oyster mushroom belongs to macro fungi door on botany classification, it is with grape in growth and development and ecological rule and ecological bar Part is widely different, the former cannot carry out photosynthesis without chlorophyll, and the latter can carry out photosynthesis containing chlorophyll, particularly Aerogenesis approach of two kinds of plants during growth metabolism is different, and oyster mushroom absorbs oxygen in breathing, discharges CO2, and grape is then Photosynthesis is carried out, releases oxygen, absorbs CO2.Therefore, the two forms the mutual of the different factors in heliogreenhouse coexists commensalism The ecological benefits of the benign cycle of favour mutual benefit.Overcome CO existing for being protruded in heliogreenhouse2Concentration deficiency problem, is conducive to increase The accumulation of the photosynthesis and organic substance of strong grape, promotes the growth of grape, while the oxygen discharged in grape fruit tree Also good environmental condition is created for the growth of oyster mushroom.
Day and night temperature is more mostly conducive to the growth and development of oyster mushroom and grape in heliogreenhouse, and particularly oyster mushroom is to temperature It is required that more sensitive, the species of oyster mushroom category alternating temperature firm type, the larger temperature difference can promote thalline large area to budding and add in greenhouse The differentiation speed of fast fructification, and increase Yield of Pleurotus Ostreatus.Oyster mushroom leans on saprophytic development in vegetative growth phase, it is not necessary to light, light Line can suppress the growth of hypha of Pleurotus ostreatus on the contrary.The dark and damp environment of dim light under greenhouse controlling frame, the growth and development to oyster mushroom provide Suitable environmental condition.So in oyster mushroom and grape solid cultivation, as a result of different spaces structure, different levels Distribution cultivation, is effectively improved lower leaf light on compound population, polygon light and in turn light, effectively increase luminous energy Intercepting and capturing amount and photosynthetic productivity.
By providing fruiting bed in invention, ponding waterlogging is avoided;The facilities such as spray irrigation pipe, vent window, can greatly regulate and control Humiture and ventilation needed for mushroom growth;Sunshade net has then ensured the scattering luminous environment in greenhouse.This method causes under grape trellis The yield and quality of cultivation oyster mushroom greatly promotes.
Greenhouse area is 667m2, fruiting bed is built under grape trellis, bacteria stick 3000 can be placed, each bacteria stick averages out Mushroom amount is 1 jin/batch, and one batch of yield is 3000 jin, and oyster mushroom can continuous 3 batches of fruiting.The selling price of oyster mushroom is 4 yuan/jin at present, In this way, the economic well-being of workers and staff of oyster mushroom is 3.6 ten thousand yuan/mu under greenhouse controlling frame, it is higher by by about one time than the existing method output value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is greenhouse controlling scaffolding structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
In figure:1st, grape trellis;2nd, fruiting bed;3rd, oyster mushroom bacteria stick;4th, spray irrigation pipe;5th, cotton-wadded quilt;6th, sunshade net;7th, divulge information Mouthful.
Fig. 2 is the cultural method flow chart of greenhouse controlling frame culture oyster mushroom provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to Limit the present invention.
Oyster mushroom of the present invention is wood destroying fungi, is adapted to cultivating in bag.Growth optimum temperature is positively retained at 18~22 DEG C, and humidity is protected It is dark (three sun seven are cloudy) to hold the light in 75%-90%, canopy, it should be noted that ventilation.It is ventilated good under grape trellis, photosynthetic work With a large amount of oxygen are discharged, air is fresh, and after blade grows up to, shade rate increases, and surface evaporation is reduced, and plays moisturizing cooling and makees With creating ideal environment for the growth of oyster mushroom.And the carbon dioxide discharged during mushroom growth promotes grape Photosynthesis, can improve the yield of grape.And cultivate the waste material after oyster mushroom and contain substantial amounts of nutriment, organic bacteria can be made Fertile direct returning to farmland, not only improves soil fertility, but also improvement soil physicochemical structure, improves soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability.In grape trellis Lower interplanting oyster mushroom, takes full advantage of greenhouse resource, improves the economic benefit and ecological benefits in greenhouse, forms efficient compound life State system, realizes agriculture, the efficient combination of woods, bacterium with recycling.
The application principle of the present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, greenhouse controlling frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:Grape trellis 1, fruiting bed 2, oyster mushroom bacterium Rod 3, spray irrigation pipe 4, cotton-wadded quilt 5, sunshade net 6, ventilating opening 7.
Fruiting bed 2 is placed on the bottom of greenhouse 8, and oyster mushroom bacteria stick 3 is placed with fruiting bed 2, and grape trellis 1 rides over greenhouse 8 Centre position, spray irrigation pipe 4 is installed on grape trellis 1, cotton-wadded quilt 5, sunshade net 6 are stamped on greenhouse 8, the metope of greenhouse 8 is provided with Ventilating opening 7.
As shown in Fig. 2, the cultural method of greenhouse controlling frame culture oyster mushroom provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes following step Suddenly:
S201:Under greenhouse controlling frame, at 60cm, site preparation bedding, does fruiting bed, fruiting bed specification around grape tree body A length of 1.5m, width 60cm, are highly 25cm, and fruiting bed is above ground level, and 60cm is spaced between each fruiting bed and is used for passageway;
S202:After flattening bed surface, fruiting bed irrigates, and so oyster mushroom bacteria stick is deposited on fruiting bed, and the mode of stacking is in product word Shape, is advisable with 3 layers, and every is placed 2 rows, two bottom surface of bacterium bag to being in toroidal to together, dismantling bacterium bag sealing two ends and making, fruiting Mouth is outwardly;By the scaffolding structure in greenhouse, east-west spray irrigation pipe is built apart from ground level 2m positions on greenhouse frame Sprayed, water outlet is in vaporific;
S203:Humiture is adjusted using greenhouse ventilation opening, ensures chamber humidity in 75%-90%, outside greenhouse in canopy film East-west sunshade net is drawn apart from ground 2m positions, indoor illumination area and temperature are adjusted using the folding and unfolding of greenhouse cotton-wadded quilt, After ensureing shading, prevent in light direct projection greenhouse, there is provided astigmatism environment, accomplishes " three points of seven seconds of sunlight ", indoor temperature control At 18~22 DEG C;
S204:After strain is put, sprinkling irrigation 3-4 times is opened daily, and the time of spraying every time is 5 minutes;Fine day sprays water more, is more Ventilation, cloudy day few water spray, few ventilation, ventilation time cannot be long, can fruiting after 7-10 days.
After 5-7 month greenhouse controllings harvest, you can carry out cultivating oyster mushroom under grape trellis.
Fruiting bed in the present invention build aerial part in, is not required to a large amount of diggings and is embedded in underground, workload is small, saving of labor; Oyster mushroom bacteria stick need to be only placed on fruiting bed, be aerated using sprinkling with vent window, draining ventilation effect is good;Oyster mushroom Bacteria stick is not required special material to bury soil after putting, and reduces financial cost;The length of fruiting bed can be according to greenhouse controlling frame Plant type is flexibly changed so that grape management is independent of each other with oyster mushroom management;Oyster mushroom bacteria stick need not be embedded in soil, reduced The occurrence probability of soil-borne disease;The water of sprinkling is in vaporific, avoids directly water spray and arrives bacteria stick, may advantageously facilitate the life of mushroom body It is long.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of greenhouse controlling frame, it is characterised in that the greenhouse controlling frame is provided with:
Grape trellis;
The grape trellis rides over the centre position of greenhouse, and fruiting bed is placed on the bottom of the greenhouse;
Oyster mushroom bacteria stick is placed with the fruiting bed;
Spray irrigation pipe is installed on the grape trellis.
2. greenhouse controlling frame as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cotton-wadded quilt, sunshade net are stamped on the greenhouse.
3. greenhouse controlling frame as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the metope of the greenhouse is provided with ventilating opening.
A kind of 4. cultural method of culture oyster mushroom using greenhouse controlling frame described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the training Supporting the cultural method of oyster mushroom includes:
Step 1, under greenhouse controlling frame, at 60cm, site preparation bedding, does fruiting bed, fruiting bed specification length around grape tree body It is highly 25cm for 1.5m, width 60cm, fruiting bed is above ground level, and 60cm is spaced between each fruiting bed and is used for passageway;
Step 2, after flattening bed surface, fruiting bed irrigates, and oyster mushroom bacteria stick is deposited on fruiting bed, and the mode of stacking is in isosceles triangle, and 3 Layer, every is placed 2 rows, two bottom surface of bacterium bag to being in toroidal to together, dismantling bacterium bag sealing two ends and making, and fruiting mouth is towards external temperature East-west spray irrigation pipe is built on the frame of room apart from ground level 2m positions to be sprayed, water outlet is in vaporific;
Step 3, humiture is adjusted using greenhouse ventilation opening, and chamber humidity is in 75%-90%, the distance in canopy film outside greenhouse East-west sunshade net is drawn in face 2m positions, and indoor illumination area and temperature are adjusted using the folding and unfolding of greenhouse cotton-wadded quilt;Indoor Temperature 18~22 DEG C of degree;
Step 4, after strain is put, opens sprinkling irrigation 3-4 times, the time of spraying every time is 5 minutes daily.
5. the cultural method of culture oyster mushroom as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the cultural method of the culture oyster mushroom After 5-7 month greenhouse controllings harvest, carry out cultivating oyster mushroom under grape trellis.
6. a kind of usage right requires the grape of greenhouse controlling frame plantation described in 1~3 any one.
7. a kind of usage right requires to cultivate the oyster mushroom of the cultural method culture of oyster mushroom described in 4 or 5 any one.
CN201711214840.8A 2017-11-28 2017-11-28 A kind of greenhouse controlling frame and its cultural method for cultivating oyster mushroom Pending CN107996274A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108934751A (en) * 2018-06-28 2018-12-07 靖西市秀美边城农业科技有限公司 A kind of cultural method improving black fungus content of mineral substances
CN111406576A (en) * 2020-05-18 2020-07-14 宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) Method for cultivating stropharia rugoso-annulata by using ganoderma lucidum dregs
CN114651663A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-06-24 湖南农业大学 Multi-span greenhouse grape and edible mushroom three-dimensional planting method and system

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Cited By (3)

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CN108934751A (en) * 2018-06-28 2018-12-07 靖西市秀美边城农业科技有限公司 A kind of cultural method improving black fungus content of mineral substances
CN111406576A (en) * 2020-05-18 2020-07-14 宁夏农林科学院种质资源研究所(宁夏设施农业工程技术研究中心) Method for cultivating stropharia rugoso-annulata by using ganoderma lucidum dregs
CN114651663A (en) * 2022-04-15 2022-06-24 湖南农业大学 Multi-span greenhouse grape and edible mushroom three-dimensional planting method and system

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Application publication date: 20180508