CN105237069A - Method for preparing ecological organic fertilizer by using coal residue fermentation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for preparing an ecological organic fertilizer by using coal residue fermentation. The method comprises: 1) selecting materials, wherein the materials comprise industrial coal residue, organic bentonite, bagasse, crushed straw materials, animal bond and blood residue, crushed plant root and stem materials, animal manure, germ bran, a fermenting agent and a right amount of a synergist; 2) pre-treating the raw materials; 3) preparing an initial mixing material; 4) activating the fermenting agent; 5) preparing a fermentation raw material; 6) preparing an initial fermentation material; 7) carrying out synergetic fermentation; and 8) drying. According to the present invention, the coal residue and the thermal animal manure are adopted as the organic matter and the fermentation aid, such that the fertility of the fertilizer is improved, the fertilizer efficiency period is delayed, the utilization of the external heating equipment is eliminated, the fermentation cost is saved, the economic effect is improved, and the fermentation time is substantially shortened, wherein the fermentation can be completed only requiring 4-6 days.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological organic fertilier technical field, specifically a kind of cinder fermentation that utilizes is for the method for ecological organic fertilier.
Background technology
Organic fertilizer is the basis of China's agricultural development, and it is safeguarding farmland quality, promotes agricultural sustainable development, improves Grain Production Level, solves the aspects such as people's problem of food and clothing and plays an important role.In recent years; along with agrotechnical development; the raw materials for production of organic fertilizer and method have had considerable change; ecological composite fertilizer, bio-bacterial manure etc. are developed into gradually from traditional person poultry muck, compost made of stalks; importance and functions in agriculture production etc. all there occurs noticeable change; be not only the nutrient that farm crop provide sufficient, more significant contribution made to environment protection.
Bagasse, stalk, animal excrement are all common are machine fertilizer, and it directly can use and can not cause the problems such as soil compaction, are one of maximum fertilizers of current rural area consumption.But, when traditional fertilizer (as human and animal excreta, stalk foam, flesh and blood slag etc.) is used, because effective constituent can not direct effect, need to become thoroughly decomposed through organic matter, the process such as decomposition, thus to make that onset is slow, long action time, effective deficiency.For this reason, disclose multiple organic matter in prior art to carry out mixing secondary fermentation and prepare ecological organic fertilier, solve the deficiency that traditional single fertilizer exists, as patent CN103880503A, CN103772021A, CN103833430A etc., be all mixed by conventional fertilizers and fermentation for compoiste fertilizer, both solved the defect of slow, the effective deficiency of traditional fertilizer onset, and make use of again the dead meal such as stalk, bone meal and make raw material, achieve the benefit of ecological, environmental protective.But, only to ferment the fertilizer made with bone meal, stalk etc., owing to lacking efficiency factor carrier, effective constituent Direct Resolution effect in soil in other words, this process too fast and cause rapid-action, action time is short, and then also reduces utilization rate of fertilizer.Thus, the comprehensive fermentation such as mineral substance, organic matter is utilized to come into one's own for the research of organic fertilizer, to cultivate peanut fertilizer special for organic as patent CN103992171A discloses one, disclose " comprising: by weight animal excrement, maize straw powdered carbon are placed in reactor with water and mix; mixing temperature is 85 ~ 95 DEG C, add fungi after cooling and mix and obtain material A; Oil shale lime-ash, ferrous sulfate, citric acid, manganous sulfate, potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer, ammonium molybdate and borax are placed in mixing tank to mix and obtain material B, mixing temperature is 65 ~ 75 DEG C; Be made into solution that concentration is 0.35 ~ 0.47wt% by soluble in water for the material B that is benchmark 15 ~ 20wt% with material B and be that benchmark 80 ~ 120wt% rapeseed cake mixes with material A, with material A, be 30 ~ 35 DEG C in temperature to ferment 1 ~ 2 day, add bacterium continuation fermentation and obtain material C in 2 ~ 4 days; Material C is mixed with the Hongcomb coal-slag burnt for benchmark 15 ~ 20wt% with material C, air-dry 7 ~ 8 days of normal temperature lucifuge, pulverize and obtain material D; Dyhard RU 100 powder, polyvinyl alcohol, urea and remaining material B are added in material D and mixes, pulverize, sieve and obtain peanut fertilizer special for organic." the method utilizes the vesicular structure of maize straw powdered carbon, Hongcomb coal-slag and oil shale lime-ash; and adopting maize straw powdered carbon, animal excrement and rapeseed cake fermentation to obtain fertilizer; cost is low; fertilizer is by fermentation; the form that each element is existed is beneficial to and is absorbed by plants; the utilization ratio of raising nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, the trace element needed for growth can also be made up, fertilizer enters in vesicular structure, executed after Tanaka at fertilizer, slow release effect is remarkable, can meet peanut different times in whole vegetative period to the different demands of nutrient.But, due to the vesicular structure of Hongcomb coal-slag and oil shale lime-ash, make fermenting process must by external heat equipment, thus fermentation costs is increased, the more important thing is and itself can produce heat owing to fermenting, the setting of external heat device temperature is difficult to control, and fermentation difficulty is increased.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of cinder fermentation that utilizes for the method for ecological organic fertilier, by utilizing cinder and animal excrement to send out thermal property, to go to shorten while fermentation time and without the need to external heat equipment, to reduce production cost; Utilize bagasse and bacterium chaff to make zymophyte nutrition carrier, improve the activity of starter, accelerate fermentation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Utilize cinder fermentation for a method for ecological organic fertilier, comprise the following steps:
1) select materials: industrial cinder 28 ~ 40 parts, organobentonite 1 ~ 3 part, bagasse 40 ~ 60 parts, crushed straw aggregate 50 ~ 100 parts, animal flesh and blood slag 40 ~ 70 parts, plant roots and stems particle 50 ~ 70 parts, animal excrement 70 ~ 100 parts, bacterium chaff 10 ~ 20 parts, starter 5.6 ~ 12 parts and appropriate synergistic agent;
2) raw materials pretreatment: the raw material outside degerming chaff and fermentation, is placed in and airing field fully dries to water content lower than 5%, then pulverize, cross 150 ~ 200 mesh sieves, more each component fully mixed, obtain Preblend;
3) preparation just batch mixing: bacterium chaff is added step 2) in gained Preblend, be 30 ~ 40 DEG C in temperature, under the condition of atmospheric moisture 40 ~ 60%, be fully uniformly mixed, obtain just batch mixing;
4) activate starter: by starter with 15 ~ 20% brown sugar water Fluctuation temperature culture 18 ~ 36 hours, obtain activation fermented liquid, described starter and brown sugar water proportioning are 1:50 ~ 60;
5) fermentation raw material is prepared: will activate after fermented liquid mixes with first batch mixing, even the stirrer for mixing of 30 ~ 60 revs/min, obtain fermentation raw material;
6) preparation fermentation just material: fermentation raw material is put into fermentation vat, with canopy membrane closure Chi Kou, spontaneous fermentation 48 ~ 72 hours, open sealing canopy film and stir fermentation raw material, after making temperature be reduced to room temperature, then sealing carries out spontaneous fermentation 36 ~ 48 hours, and obtain fermenting just material;
7) synergy fermentation: by synergistic agent with after the dissolving of 50 ~ 70 DEG C, join in the first material of fermentation, after mixing, open fermentation 12 ~ 18 hours, obtains being fermented into material;
8) dry: the described material that is fermented into is carried out drying, detect water content lower than after 5%, pack can obtain ecological organic fertilier.
Further, described animal excrement are hot muck, comprise at least one in chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, rabbit excrement, horsehit.
Further, described starter is EM bacterium.
Further, described synergistic agent is the mixing fertilizer of Repone K, calcium phosphate, urea, magnesium sulfate.
It should be noted that in actual production, adjust the ratio of each fertilizer in synergistic agent according to fertilizer purposes flexibly, with the fertile requirement of the need meeting Different Crop.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1) the present invention utilizes cinder and hot animal excrement to be organic and fermentation assistant, not only improves the fertility of fertilizer, postpones fertilizer efficiency period, save again the utilization of external heat equipment, save fermentation costs, improve economical effectiveness, more significantly shorten fermentation time, only need within 4 ~ 6 days, can fermentation be completed.
2) the present invention before fermenting first by brown sugar water cultivation and fermentation bacterium, it is made to be in active state, ferment after mixing with the bagasse containing sugar and zymophyte nutrition source bacterium chaff etc. again, not only meet zymophyte activity metabolism nutritional needs, more improve and enrich ecological organic fertilier nutritive ingredient, making this fertilizer have significant getting fat and holding effect advantage.
3) ecological organic fertilier of the present invention is nutritious, fertilizer efficiency remarkable and lastingly, biological or domestic refuse is prepared from as raw material especially, turns waste into wealth, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technique effect of the present invention is described further, so that the understanding of same domain technician.
Embodiment 1
Utilize cinder fermentation for a method for ecological organic fertilier, comprise the following steps:
1) select materials: industrial cinder 28kg, organobentonite 1kg, bagasse 40kg, crushed straw aggregate 50kg, animal flesh and blood slag 40kg, plant roots and stems particle 50kg, animal excrement 70kg, bacterium chaff 10kg, starter 5.6kg and 15kg synergistic agent; Described animal excrement are hot muck, can be at least one in chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, rabbit excrement, horsehit; Described synergistic agent is the mixture of Repone K 57%, calcium phosphate 17%, urea 20%, magnesium sulfate 6%;
2) raw materials pretreatment: the raw material outside degerming chaff and fermentation, is placed in and airing field fully dries to water content lower than 5%, then pulverize, cross 180 mesh sieves, more each component fully mixed, obtain Preblend;
3) preparation just batch mixing: bacterium chaff is added step 2) in gained Preblend, be 30 DEG C in temperature, under the condition of atmospheric moisture 42%, be fully uniformly mixed, obtain just batch mixing;
4) activate starter: by starter with 18% brown sugar water Fluctuation temperature culture 18 hours, obtain activation fermented liquid, described starter and brown sugar water proportioning are 1:50, and described starter is EM bacterium;
5) fermentation raw material is prepared: will activate after fermented liquid mixes with first batch mixing, even the stirrer for mixing of 30 ~ 60 revs/min, obtain fermentation raw material;
6) preparation fermentation just material: fermentation raw material is put into fermentation vat, with canopy membrane closure Chi Kou, spontaneous fermentation 50 hours, open sealing canopy film and stir fermentation raw material, after making temperature be reduced to room temperature, then sealing carries out spontaneous fermentation 36 hours, and obtain fermenting just material;
7) synergy fermentation: by synergistic agent with after the dissolving of 50 ~ 70 DEG C, join in the first material of fermentation, after mixing, open fermentation 12 hours, obtains being fermented into material;
8) dry: the described material that is fermented into is carried out drying, detect water content lower than after 5%, pack can obtain ecological organic fertilier.
Embodiment 2
Utilize cinder fermentation for a method for ecological organic fertilier, comprise the following steps:
1) select materials: industrial cinder 35kg, organobentonite 2kg, bagasse 50kg, crushed straw aggregate 80kg, animal flesh and blood slag 55kg, plant roots and stems particle 60kg, animal excrement 85kg, bacterium chaff 15kg, starter 8.5kg and 18kg synergistic agent; Described animal excrement are hot muck, can be at least one in chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, rabbit excrement, horsehit; Described synergistic agent is the mixture of Repone K 24%, calcium phosphate 48%, urea 27%, magnesium sulfate 1%;
2) raw materials pretreatment: the raw material outside degerming chaff and fermentation, is placed in and airing field fully dries to water content lower than 5%, then pulverize, cross 180 mesh sieves, more each component fully mixed, obtain Preblend;
3) preparation just batch mixing: bacterium chaff is added step 2) in gained Preblend, be 30 ~ 40 DEG C in temperature, under the condition of atmospheric moisture 40 ~ 60%, be fully uniformly mixed, obtain just batch mixing;
4) activate starter: by starter with 15 ~ 20% brown sugar water Fluctuation temperature culture 27 hours, obtain activation fermented liquid, described starter and brown sugar water proportioning are 1:55, and described starter is EM bacterium;
5) fermentation raw material is prepared: will activate after fermented liquid mixes with first batch mixing, even the stirrer for mixing of 30 ~ 60 revs/min, obtain fermentation raw material;
6) preparation fermentation just material: fermentation raw material is put into fermentation vat, with canopy membrane closure Chi Kou, spontaneous fermentation 60 hours, open sealing canopy film and stir fermentation raw material, after making temperature be reduced to room temperature, then sealing carries out spontaneous fermentation 42 hours, and obtain fermenting just material;
7) synergy fermentation: by synergistic agent with after the dissolving of 50 ~ 70 DEG C, join in the first material of fermentation, after mixing, open fermentation 15 hours, obtains being fermented into material;
8) dry: the described material that is fermented into is carried out drying, detect water content lower than after 5%, pack can obtain ecological organic fertilier.
Embodiment 3
Utilize cinder fermentation for a method for ecological organic fertilier, comprise the following steps:
1) select materials: industrial cinder 40kg, organobentonite 3kg, bagasse 60kg, crushed straw aggregate 100kg, animal flesh and blood slag 70kg, plant roots and stems particle 70kg, animal excrement 100kg, bacterium chaff 20kg, starter 12kg and 20kg synergistic agent; Described animal excrement are hot muck, can be at least one in chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, rabbit excrement, horsehit; Described synergistic agent is the mixing fertilizer of Repone K 15%, calcium phosphate 18%, urea 62%, magnesium sulfate 5%;
2) raw materials pretreatment: the raw material outside degerming chaff and fermentation, is placed in and airing field fully dries to water content lower than 5%, then pulverize, cross 200 mesh sieves, more each component fully mixed, obtain Preblend;
3) preparation just batch mixing: bacterium chaff is added step 2) in gained Preblend, be 30 ~ 40 DEG C in temperature, under the condition of atmospheric moisture 40 ~ 60%, be fully uniformly mixed, obtain just batch mixing;
4) activate starter: by starter with 15 ~ 20% brown sugar water Fluctuation temperature culture 36 hours, obtain activation fermented liquid, described starter and brown sugar water proportioning are 1:60, and described starter is EM bacterium;
5) fermentation raw material is prepared: will activate after fermented liquid mixes with first batch mixing, even the stirrer for mixing of 30 ~ 60 revs/min, obtain fermentation raw material;
6) preparation fermentation just material: fermentation raw material is put into fermentation vat, with canopy membrane closure Chi Kou, spontaneous fermentation 72 hours, open sealing canopy film and stir fermentation raw material, after making temperature be reduced to room temperature, then sealing carries out spontaneous fermentation 48 hours, and obtain fermenting just material;
7) synergy fermentation: by synergistic agent with after the dissolving of 50 ~ 70 DEG C, join in the first material of fermentation, after mixing, open fermentation 118 hours, obtains being fermented into material;
8) dry: the described material that is fermented into is carried out drying, detect water content lower than after 5%, pack can obtain ecological organic fertilier.
In order to verify actual effect of the present invention, put into effect and test garden in wild cabbage vegetable garden, Xihua town, Huating County by contriver, selects two mu of wild cabbages grown fine as experimental subjects, be divided into two groups, be labeled as experimental group and control group respectively by selected two mu in experiment garden.
Experimental technique: use ecological organic fertilier of the present invention in the field being experimental group; Control group uses traditional fertilizer, as muck and the compost made of stalks of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
Experiment fertilizer application amount: experimental group and control group all apply fertilizer 60kg/ mu.
Fertilizing method: broadcast sowing fertilising.
Experimental result: experimental group Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata seedling grows fine, and dish leaf becomes deep green, and the bag heart is compact, within 20 days, vision increment is large; Control group Brassica oleracea L.var.capitata seedling grows fine, and dish leaf shows slightly yellow, and the bag heart is compact not, and within 20 days, vision increment is relatively little.
Claims (4)
1. utilize cinder fermentation for a method for ecological organic fertilier, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) select materials: industrial cinder 28 ~ 40 parts, organobentonite 1 ~ 3 part, bagasse 40 ~ 60 parts, crushed straw aggregate 50 ~ 100 parts, animal flesh and blood slag 40 ~ 70 parts, plant roots and stems particle 50 ~ 70 parts, animal excrement 70 ~ 100 parts, bacterium chaff 10 ~ 20 parts, starter 5.6 ~ 12 parts and appropriate synergistic agent;
2) raw materials pretreatment: the raw material outside degerming chaff and fermentation, is placed in and airing field fully dries to water content lower than 5%, then pulverize, cross 150 ~ 200 mesh sieves, more each component fully mixed, obtain Preblend;
3) preparation just batch mixing: bacterium chaff is added step 2) in gained Preblend, be 30 ~ 40 DEG C in temperature, under the condition of atmospheric moisture 40 ~ 60%, be fully uniformly mixed, obtain just batch mixing;
4) activate starter: by starter with 15 ~ 20% brown sugar water Fluctuation temperature culture 18 ~ 36 hours, obtain activation fermented liquid, described starter and brown sugar water proportioning are 1:50 ~ 60;
5) fermentation raw material is prepared: will activate after fermented liquid mixes with first batch mixing, even the stirrer for mixing of 30 ~ 60 revs/min, obtain fermentation raw material;
6) preparation fermentation just material: fermentation raw material is put into fermentation vat, with canopy membrane closure Chi Kou, spontaneous fermentation 48 ~ 72 hours, open sealing canopy film and stir fermentation raw material, after making temperature be reduced to room temperature, then sealing carries out spontaneous fermentation 36 ~ 48 hours, and obtain fermenting just material;
7) synergy fermentation: by synergistic agent with after the dissolving of 50 ~ 70 DEG C, join in the first material of fermentation, after mixing, open fermentation 12 ~ 18 hours, obtains being fermented into material;
8) dry: the described material that is fermented into is carried out drying, detect water content lower than after 5%, pack can obtain ecological organic fertilier.
2. a kind of cinder fermentation that utilizes, for the method for ecological organic fertilier, is characterized in that: described animal excrement are hot muck as claimed in claim 1, comprises at least one in chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, rabbit excrement, horsehit.
3. a kind of cinder fermentation that utilizes, for the method for ecological organic fertilier, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 1: described starter is EM bacterium.
4. a kind of cinder fermentation that utilizes, for the method for ecological organic fertilier, is characterized in that as claimed in claim 1: described synergistic agent is the mixing fertilizer of Repone K, calcium phosphate, urea, magnesium sulfate.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105777229A (en) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院蔬菜科学研究所 | Organic fermented fertilizer for raising selenium content of vegetables, production method and cultivation method |
| CN106518357A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-22 | 何小宁 | Bio-organic fertilizer special for apple seedlings and preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer |
| CN106747723A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 蚌埠市宗洼草鸡养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of base manure and its application method for improving cabbage quality |
| CN115710139A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-02-24 | 湖南乐晨有机肥料有限公司 | Granular biological organic fertilizer and production process thereof |
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| CN115710139A (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-02-24 | 湖南乐晨有机肥料有限公司 | Granular biological organic fertilizer and production process thereof |
| CN115710139B (en) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-10-10 | 湖南乐晨有机肥料有限公司 | Granular bio-organic fertilizer and production process thereof |
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