CN1052305A - 新吡啶衍生物、含它们的药物组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

新吡啶衍生物、含它们的药物组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN1052305A
CN1052305A CN90109755A CN90109755A CN1052305A CN 1052305 A CN1052305 A CN 1052305A CN 90109755 A CN90109755 A CN 90109755A CN 90109755 A CN90109755 A CN 90109755A CN 1052305 A CN1052305 A CN 1052305A
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pyridine
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cyanoimino
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格扬吉·多曼尼
艾勒密·埃泽
伊斯娃·谢诺
尤迪·马图茨
卡特林·索菲
拉思洛·司泼尼
吉扬尼·哈玖
麦塔·莱尼埃
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Richter Gedeon Nyrt
Richter Gedeon Vegyeszeti Gyar Nyrt
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Abstract

本发明是关于式(I)的新吡啶衍生物。 其中:
Q表示硝基或氰基;和
X1和X2各自分别表示氢或卤素或三氟甲基或 低级烷基或烷氧基或硝基,它们连接到苯环的任何碳 原子上。
本发明还涉及含有这些化合物的药物组合物及 其制备方法。
式(I)化合物具有抑制胃酸分泌,保护组织,止痛 和轻度消炎的作用并可用于治疗目的。

Description

本发明是关于新的、具有治疗活性的式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物及其制备和含这些化合物的药物组合物:
其中:
Q表示硝基或氰基;和
X1和X2各自分别表示氢或卤素或三氟甲基,低级烷基或烷氧基或硝基,它们连接到苯环的任何碳原子上。
式(Ⅰ)化合物,即本发明化合物,具有重要的生物活性,其中最重要的是抑制胃酸分泌和保护组织的作用。这些新化合物中的几个典型化合物还具有止痛和轻度消炎作用。
本发明还涉及上述化合物和含一种或多种式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物的组合物的制备方法及治疗方法。该治疗方法包括给病人施用治疗有效量的式(Ⅰ)化合物以抑制胃酸分泌,保护组织,减轻疼痛或医治轻度炎症。
此处所用的“低级”是指含有由至多8个碳原子组成的短碳链 的烷基或烷氧基的烷基部分或开链化合物的烷基部分。
少数已知的与本发明化合物结构相似的化合物的生物活性是已知的。例如,在药物化学杂志(J.Med.Chem.)14,988(1971)中已经描述了用α-卤代酮、α-卤代酯和苯乙基卤化物对2-(硝基氨基)吡啶的环氮原子进行烷基化,其中还公开了所得化合物的消炎作用。
在欧洲专利说明书No.9362(1980)中公开了一小组由(1-甲基-2-吡啶亚基)胍衍生物组成的胍类化合物,在该说明书中描述的物质具有降血糖、抑制分泌和治心血管的活性。
在已公开的日本专利申请No.63307857(1988)和63287764(1988)中以及在已公开的欧洲专利申请No.0259738(1988)中描述的杀虫化合物中还公开了在环氮原子上被氰基烷基或3-氰基苄基取代的或通过亚甲基被杂环基团取代的2-(氰基亚氨基)-和2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶。
采用Shay′s方法[胃肠病学(Gastroenterology)56,第5-13页(1945)]研究本发明化合物的抑制胃酸分泌的作用。根据该方法,将体重为120到150g的雌性H-Wistar小鼠在格笼中禁食24小时,此鼠可以接受任意量的水。然后于醚轻度麻醉下将它们的幽门结扎,在进行外科手术过程中施用试验化合物。4小时后用醚麻醉将鼠杀死。将胃切除后,测量胃内含物的体积和PH值。在一些情况下,含盐酸的量可以通过滴定法测得。
上述试验中测得的ED50值(mg/kg)如下:
ED50(mg/kg)
1-(2-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶  1.80
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶  3.26
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-氟苄基)吡啶  4.30
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-氟苄基)吡啶  8.36
1-(3-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶  9.88
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(-2甲基苄基)吡啶  11.70
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(3-三氟甲基苄基)吡啶  12.20
1-苄基-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶  13.55
我们注意到:在上述试验中作为对照物,cimetidine(化学式:1-氰基-2-甲基-3-[2-[[(5-甲基咪唑-4-基)甲基]硫代]乙基]胍)的口服ED50值为50mg/kg。
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶的50mg/kg口服剂量可100%地抑制由40mg/kg皮下(S.C)给药量的indomethacine(化学式:[1-(4-氯苯甲酰基)-2-甲基-5-甲氧基吲哚-3-基]乙酸)诱导的小鼠胃溃疡的发展。
化合物的120mg/kg的单一口服剂量没有引起小鼠的毒性症状产生。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了制备通式(Ⅰ)的吡啶衍生物的方法,其包括:
a)在有机或无机碱的存在下,使式(Ⅲ)的2-(取代的氨基)吡啶衍生物
其中Q定义如上,与式(Ⅳ)的苄基卤化物反应,
Figure 901097551_IMG11
其中X1和X2定义如上,W为氯或溴,然后将得到的式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物与作为产物形成的式(Ⅴ)异构的吡啶衍生物分离开。
Figure 901097551_IMG12
其中Q,X1和X2定义如上;或
b)使溴化氰与通式(Ⅱ)的2-亚氨基吡啶衍生物
(其中X1和X2定义如上)进行反应,该式Ⅱ化合物可任意地通过碱处理通式(Ⅵ)的吡啶翁盐就地制得
Figure 901097551_IMG14
(其中X1和X2定义如上,Y为卤离子),得到其中X1和X2定义如上,Q表示氰基的式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物。
方法a)的反应最好是在非质子传递的或偶极的非质子传递的溶剂中进行,优选的溶剂包括低级链烷醇如乙醇;低级酮如丙酮或低级链烷腈如乙腈。
方法b)中,用作原料物的式(Ⅱ)2-亚氨基吡啶衍生物适宜用碱处理适当取代的式(Ⅵ)的2-氨基吡啶翁盐就地制备。如果与溴化氰的反应是在有机碱作为酸结合剂的存在下进行的,那么1mole的式(Ⅱ)的2-亚氨基衍生物应该使用1mole的溴化氰。但是,如果该反应是在没有任何酸结合剂存在下进行的,那么1mole的式(Ⅱ)的2-亚氨基衍生物只能使用0.5mole的溴化氰。该反应最好是在醚类溶剂中进行。
本发明通过以下非限定性实施例得以详细说明。
实施例1
1-苄基-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶的制备
将20ml(0.14mole)的N,N-二异丙基乙基胺和12ml(0.1mole)的苄基溴加到含有14g(0.1mole)的2-(硝基氨基)吡啶[按J.Am.Chem.Soc.77,3154(1955)制得]的100ml乙腈悬浮液中,然后将混合物 回流2.5小时。将反应混合物冷却,然后减压蒸发,剩余物用水研制,将得到的悬浮物过滤并用大量水洗涤。将滤饼充分抽吸,然后悬浮于50ml石油醚中,过滤并再用石油醚洗涤,得到14.2g(62%)的标题产物,m.p.:125-126℃(用乙酸乙酯重结晶)。
用柱色谱可以从石油醚滤液中得到异构化的副产物,即N-苄基-N-硝基-2-吡啶基胺盐酸盐,m.p.:115-116℃(用乙酸乙酯重结晶),并可用盐酸得到盐的形式。
用上述方法可以制得下列衍生物:
1-(2-氟苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:165-166℃(用乙醇),
1-(2-氯苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:185-186℃(用乙腈),
1-(4-氯苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:164-165℃(用乙醇),
1-(4-溴苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:184-185℃(用乙腈)和
1-(4-硝基苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:224-225℃(用乙腈)。
实施例2
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶的制备
将20ml(0.114mole)的N,N-二异丙基乙基胺和12ml(0.1mole)的苄基溴加到含有12g(0.1mole)的2-(氰基氨基)吡啶[按Ann.Pharm.Fr.26,469(1968)制得]的100ml乙腈的悬浮液中。将反应混合物回流4小时,然后冷却并减压蒸发。剩余物用水研制,过滤并用大量 水洗涤。将滤饼充分抽吸,然后悬浮于30ml乙醚中,过滤并再用乙醚洗涤,得到11.0g(52.6%)的标题化合物,m.p.:147-148℃(用乙醇)。
通过用柱色谱提纯可从乙醚的滤液中得到异构化的副产物,即N-苄基-N-氰基-2-吡啶基胺,m.p.:65-66℃(用乙醇)。
用上述方法可以制得下列衍生物:
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-氟苄基)吡啶,m.p.:157-158℃(用异丙醇),
1-(2-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:167-168℃(用乙醇),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-氟苄基)吡啶,m.p.:147-148℃(用异丙醇),
1-(4-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:168-170℃(用异丙醇),
1-(4-溴苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:168-170℃(用乙醇)。
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-硝基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:208-210℃(用乙醇),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2.6-二氯苄基)吡啶,m.p.:219-220℃(用乙醇),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-硝基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:197-199℃(用乙腈),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-甲基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:152-154℃(用乙腈),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(3-甲氧基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:133-135℃(用甲醇),
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-甲基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:173-174℃(用乙醇),
1-(3-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,m.p.:175-176℃(用甲醇)和
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(3-三氟甲基苄基)吡啶,m.p.:144-145℃(用乙醇)。
实施例3
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶的制备
将7g(50mmole)的碳酸钾和6.5ml(55mmole)的苄基溴加到含有6g(50mmole)2-(氰基氨基)吡啶的100ml丙酮的悬浮液中,然后将反应混合物于剧烈搅拌下回流2.5小时。冷却后,滤除无机盐并将丙酮滤液减压蒸发。剩余物用10ml乙醚研制,过滤并分别用5ml乙醚洗涤两次,得到5.55g(53.1%)的标题化合物,m.p.:142℃。
实施例4
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶的制备
将5.3g(20mmole)的2-氨基-1-苄基吡啶翁溴化物[按Chem.Ber.88,1103(1955)制得]悬浮于20ml乙醚中,然后于搅拌下加入20ml浓度为0.5mole/L的氢氧化钠水溶液。当固相溶解后,将各相分离,水相用20ml的乙醚萃取。将合并的有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥并于减压下蒸发至其一半的体积。然后,于室温搅拌条件下,将含有1.1g(10mmole)溴化氰的5ml乙醚溶液滴加到上述乙醚的溶液中。搅拌30分钟后,过滤结晶沉淀物,用乙醚洗涤,然后用大量水洗涤, 产物于大气压下干燥后,得到0.91g(44%)的标题化合物,m.p.139-140℃(用乙醇重结晶后熔点上升为147-148℃)。根据它的熔点、红外光谱和薄层色谱(TLC)的特性,该产物被证实与实施例2的目的化合物相同。
实施例5
每片含10mg活性成分重100mg片剂的制备
将50.0g的活性成分与285.0g乳糖、100.0g马铃薯淀粉、2.5g十二烷基硫酸钠、5.0g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Kollidon-K90k)、50.0g微晶纤维素(Avicelk)和7.5g植物油(Sterotexk)混合在一起,制成湿颗粒后,将所得产物压制成每片重100mg的片剂,每片含10mg的活性成分。
实施例6
每片含10mg活性成分重125mg的糖衣丸的制备
用已知的方法将上述制得的片剂用一含糖和滑石粉的薄层包起来,然后将所得到的糖衣丸用蜂蜡和巴西棕榈蜡的混合物磨光。
实施例7
每粒含20mg的活性成分的胶囊的制备
将40.0g活性成分、12.0十二烷基硫酸钠、102.0g乳糖、102.0g马铃薯淀粉、2.4g硬脂酸镁和1.6g胶体的硅石充分混合到一起,然后将所得混合物装入明胶胶囊,每粒含活性成分20mg。

Claims (14)

1、通式(Ⅰ)的新吡啶衍生物
Figure 901097551_IMG2
其中:
Q表示硝基或氰基;和
X1和X2各自分别表示氢或卤素或三氟甲基,低级烷基或烷氧基或硝基,它们连接到苯环的任何碳原子上。
2、选自下组的一种化合物:
1-苄基-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(2-氟苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(2-氯苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(4-氯苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(4-溴苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(4-硝基苄基)-2-(硝基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-苄基-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-氟苄基)吡啶,
1-(2-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(3-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(3-氟甲基苄基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(3-甲氧基苄基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-甲基苄基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-甲基苄基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-氟苄基)吡啶,
1-(4-氯苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,
1-(4-溴苄基)-2-(氰基亚氨基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2-硝基苄基)吡啶,
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(4-硝基苄基)吡啶和
2-(氰基亚氨基)-1-(2,6-二氯苄基)吡啶。
3、一种药物组合物,其中包括一种或多种式(Ⅰ)的吡啶衍生物(其中Q,X1和X2定义如权利要求1)作为活性成分,与药物上通常使用的载体和/或添加剂相混合。
4、一种制备式(Ⅰ)新吡啶衍生物的方法,
Figure 901097551_IMG3
其中:
Q表示硝基或氰基;和
X1和X2各自分别表示氢或卤素或三氟甲基,低级烷基或烷氧基或硝基,它们连接到苯环的任何碳原子上,
其中包括:
a)在有机或无机碱的存在下,使式(Ⅲ)的(2-取代的氨基)吡啶衍生物
Figure 901097551_IMG4
其中Q定义如上,与式(Ⅳ)的苄基卤化物反应,
Figure 901097551_IMG5
其中X1和X2定义如上,W为氯或溴,然后将得到的式(Ⅰ)的吡啶衍生物与作为付产物形成的式(Ⅴ)的异构化的吡啶衍生物分离开,
Figure 901097551_IMG6
其中Q,X1和X2定义如上;或
b)使溴化氰与通式(Ⅱ)的2-亚氨基吡啶衍生物进行反应,
Figure 901097551_IMG7
其中X1和X2定义如上,该式(Ⅱ)化合物可任意地通过用碱处理通式(Ⅵ)的吡啶翁盐就地制得,
其中X1和X2定义如上,Y为卤离子,得到其中X1和X2定义如上,Q表示氰基的式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物。
5、根据权利要求4方法a)的方法,其中包括使用式(Ⅳ)的苄基卤化物,其中W是溴,X1和X2定义如权利要求4中式(Ⅰ)的定义。
6、根据权利要求4方法a)的方法,其中包括在有机碱的存在下,使式(Ⅲ)化合物与式(Ⅳ)化合物进行反应,其中Q,X1和X2定义如式(Ⅰ),W定义如式(Ⅳ)。
7、根据权利要求6的方法,其中包括使用三(低级烷基)胺作为有机碱。
8、根据权利要求4方法a)的方法,其中包括在无机碱的存在下,使式(Ⅲ)化合物与式(Ⅳ)化合物进行反应,其中Q,X1和X2定义如式(Ⅰ),W定义如式(Ⅳ)。
9、根据权利要求8的方法,其中包括使用碱金属碳酸盐作为无机碱。
10、根据权利要求4方法a)和权利要求5至9中的任何一个方法,其中包括在偶极的非质子传递溶剂中,使式(Ⅲ)化合物与式(Ⅳ)化合物进行反应,其中Q,X1和X2定义如式(Ⅰ),W定义如式(Ⅳ)。
11、根据权利要求10的方法,其中包括使用乙腈或低级酮作为偶极的非质子传递溶剂。
12、根据权利要求4方法b)的方法,其中包括在醚类溶剂中,使溴化氰与式(Ⅱ)的2-亚氨基吡啶衍生物进行反应,其中X1和X2定义如式(Ⅰ)。
13、一种药物组合物的制备方法,其中包括将作为活性成分的一种或多种式(Ⅰ)新吡啶衍生物,其中Q,X1和X2定义如权利要求1,与药物上常用的载体和/或添加剂混合,形成药物组合物。
14、用于哺乳动物(包括人)抑制胃酸分泌,保护组织,减缓疼痛和轻度消炎的治疗方法,其特征是对待治疗的哺乳动物(包括人)施予治疗有效量的通式(Ⅰ)吡啶衍生物,其中Q,X1和X2定义如权利要求1,以化合物形式或以药物组合物的形式。
CN90109755A 1989-11-07 1990-11-07 新吡啶衍生物、含它们的药物组合物及其制备方法 Pending CN1052305A (zh)

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