CN105175044B - A kind of composting system and its compost method containing biomass carbon - Google Patents
A kind of composting system and its compost method containing biomass carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN105175044B CN105175044B CN201510702393.5A CN201510702393A CN105175044B CN 105175044 B CN105175044 B CN 105175044B CN 201510702393 A CN201510702393 A CN 201510702393A CN 105175044 B CN105175044 B CN 105175044B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composting system and its compost method containing biomass carbon, mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Basic windrow 92 110, microbial bacterial agent 0.3 0.5 and biomass carbon 0.9 1.8；Wherein, the basic windrow includes sludge and stalk, and the mixed proportion of the sludge and stalk is so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of basic windrow is 20 30, and it is foundation to make the water content of the basic windrow be 50 70%.Method is：The raw material of formation base windrow is mixed, microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon are added into basic windrow, is uniformly mixed to get to the composting system.Fermentation reactor system is carried out to composting system using three step fermentation methods, fermentation time is 28 32 days to get biological compost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological compost technical fields, it is more particularly related to a kind of heap containing biomass carbon
Fertile system and its compost method.
Background technology
With the raising of China's treatment rate of domestic sewage, a large amount of sludge are generated, if without effective processing, easily to underground
Water and soil cause secondary pollution.Sludge is compared with feces of livestock and poultry, and organic matter is higher by 2~3 times, and N-P-K content is higher by more,
It is the superior raw material for making organic fertilizer.Compost treatment is carried out to sludge, pollution problem can be not only solved, turn waste into wealth, Er Qiehui
So that sludge volume is largely concentrated, slows down a large amount of heaps of sludge and be rivals in a contest the pressure of mud discharging field and landfill yard.But due to sludge
In contain a large amount of pathogenic microorganism and the higher heavy metal of content, to using sludge carry out compost formed restriction, how to carry
Usury carries out the quality of compost with sludge, reduces the harm of heavy metal, is the key that using urgently to be resolved hurrily in sludge progress compost
Property technical problem.
The two methods of the most raising compost fermentation quality of application are addition microbial bacterial agent and biomass respectively at present
Charcoal.Microbial bacterial agent can be played in compost fermentation and is rapidly heated, and compost microbe quantity is made to increase, and activity increases and raising has
The effect of the retention rate of machine matter and nitrogen.Biomass carbon has specific activity charcoal more horn of plenty because of the prosperity of its porosity, large specific surface area
Surface functional group, can not only enhance compost degree of humification, but also compost nitrogen loss can be reduced, enhance compost quality, mesh
The preceding extensive concern for having received domestic and foreign scholars.
But the adding proportion of biomass carbon is not The more the better, on the one hand, biomass carbon additive amount is significantly compared with conference
Increase compost cost, on the other hand, the adding proportion of biomass carbon is to temperature, pH value, nitrate nitrogen and the ammonium state in composting process
The passivation of nitrogen content and heavy metal has direct or indirect influence, therefore, the addition of accurate rational biomass carbon
Ratio plays the role of the quality of compost vital, and still, compost cost can either be reduced by being provided there is presently no report,
The accurate additive amount of the biomass carbon of compost quality can be improved again.
In addition, carry out at present biological compost using it is more be agricultural crop straw, and some Chinese medicines using its its it is medicinal
Behind part, the part (such as cauline leaf of radix scutellariae, chrysanthemum) of remaining not medical value cannot often utilize well, and this
Not only contain abundant trace element in a little parts, but also is often capable of the alkaloid of desinsection degerming containing there are many, and with
Modern people gradually enhance the degree of recognition of Chinese medicine, and medicinal material demand increases year by year, and Chinese medicine plant area is also growing, often
Year generates a large amount of medicinal plant wastes, still, there is presently no these medicinal plant wastes are utilized, such as Chinese medicine cauline leaf system
The report of standby biological compost.
Invention content
Present invention aim to address the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of composting system containing biomass carbon, energy
The nitrogen discharge for enough reducing composting system, weakens Heavy Metal Pollution, and effectively improve compost quality.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a kind of compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, Neng Gougai
Kind fermentation condition, makes compost fully ferment.
It is a yet further object of the present invention to provide a kind of to having harvested with Chinese herbal medicine remaining behind medical value part
The method that cauline leaf is recycled can improve compost quality.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes：
A kind of composting system containing biomass carbon, mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
Basic windrow 92-110, microbial bacterial agent 0.3-0.5 and biomass carbon 0.9-1.8；
Wherein, the basic windrow includes sludge and stalk, and the mixed proportion of the sludge and stalk is so that basic windrow
Carbon-nitrogen ratio be 20-30, and it is foundation to make the water content of the basic windrow be 50-70%.
Preferably, in the composting system containing biomass carbon, mainly include the raw material of following parts by weight：
Basic windrow 100, microbial bacterial agent 0.4 and biomass carbon 1.8.
Preferably, in the composting system containing biomass carbon, the microbial bacterial agent, which is mainly organized, to be become：
Yeast 0.15-0.18 parts by weight, aspergillus niger 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, bacillus subtilis 0.08-0.1 parts by weight,
Pseudomonad 0.06-0.08 parts by weight, bacillus alcalophilus 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, clostridium 0.08-0.1 weight
Part and arthrobacterium 0.08-0.1 parts by weight.
Preferably, in the composting system containing biomass carbon, the stalk is by maize straw and Chinese herbal medicine stem
Leaf mixes composition according to 8-12: 1 mass ratio；
Wherein, the Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf includes mainly one or more of following parts by weight of component：
Chrysanthemum cauline leaf 10-20, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf 10-20, membranous milkvetch stem and leaf 10-20, Scullcap stem and leaf 20-30 and haulm of liquorice
10-20。
Preferably, in the composting system containing biomass carbon, the basis windrow also includes pomace mixture,
The mass ratio of the pomace mixture and stalk in basic windrow is 1: 80-100；
Wherein, the pomace mixture is mixed with 1-3: 1-3: 0.5-1 mass ratio by apple pomace, fragrant citrus pericarp and pomelo peel
It is combined into.
Preferably, further include Chinese medicine slag in the basis windrow in the composting system containing biomass carbon, institute
The mass ratio for stating Chinese medicine slag and stalk in basic windrow is 1: 180-200；
Wherein, it is obtained by filtration after Traditional medicine infusion of the Chinese medicine slag by following parts by weight：Tuber of stemona 10-15, kuh-seng 10-15,
Wrinkled giant hyssop 8-12, frutus cnidii 8-12, honeysuckle 10-15, schizonepeta 8-12, motherwort 8-12, Fructus Forsythiae 6-8, bur beggar-ticks 6-8, Herba Andrographitis
It is 5-7, folium isatidis 8-12, cordate houttuynia 4-6, coptis 3-5, radix scutellariae 8-12, cape jasmine 2-4, Cortex Phellodendri 3-5, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2-3, Radix Paeoniae Alba 5-7, white
Root of Dahurian angelica 3-5, perilla leaf 5-7, Sargent gloryvine 4-5, giant knotweed 3-5, stone reed 3-5, dianthus superbus 3-5, Rhizoma Chuanxiong 4-6, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 4-6, gleditsia sinensis 4-6, Lay clothes
Sub- 3-5 and caulis bambusae in taenian 3-5.
A kind of compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, includes the following steps：
Step 1 mixes the raw material of formation base windrow, mixed proportion so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of basic windrow in 20-30 models
In enclosing, and make the water content of basic windrow within the scope of 50-70 subject to；
Step 2 adds microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon into basic windrow, is uniformly mixed to get to the compost body
System；
Step 3 carries out composting system fermentation reactor system, and fermentation time is 28-32 days to get biological compost.
Preferably, it in the compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, is fermented using three steps in step 3
Method carries out fermentation reactor system, and specific method includes the following steps：
Step 3.1, harmless treatment are laid with one layer of quick lime in the bottom in compost place, and quick lime thickness is 3-10 lis
Rice, constitutes spontaneous thermosphere, and the top of the spontaneous thermosphere is arranged grid, the waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, by compost
System is deposited in the interlayer top, and agricultural film is covered outside composting system, and composting system temperature is made to reach 60-70 DEG C, protects
It holds 1-2 days；
After harmless treatment, spontaneous thermosphere is removed for step 3.2, anaerobic fermentation, and composting system temperature is 35-45
DEG C, continue to cover agricultural film progress anaerobic fermentation, be kept for 14-18 days；
Step 3.3, aerobic fermentation after anaerobic fermentations, the agricultural film covered are removed, is turned over to composting system
It stirs, and stirred once every 1-2 days；Air blower is set to increase the ventilation quantity of composting system in grid lower part, and makes compost body
Temperature in system is kept for 35-40 DEG C, carries out aerobic fermentation 12-15 days to get to biological compost.
Preferably, in the compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, in step 3.3, the air blast
Machine is connect with solar heat collector, and it is 35-50 DEG C to make the temperature of air blower institute outlet air；
In addition, the air blower is connect with air humidifying device, it is 20% or more to make the water content of air blower institute outlet air.
The present invention includes at least following advantageous effect：First, the present invention passes through in the heap being mainly made of sludge and stalk
Microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon are added in fertile system, and the additive amount of biomass carbon is determined as to the 0.9- of composting system
1.8%, it is flourishing using biomass carbon hole, the characteristics of large specific surface area, the rapid breeding of microorganism is not only contributed to, to increase
The degree of humification of strong compost, and composting system nitrate nitrogen content after compost can be made to increase by 320% or more, than life
Nitrate nitrogen content when substance charcoal is other adding proportions improves 120% or more, therefore substantially increases and act on nitrogen fixation,
Reduce the loss of nitrogen in fermentation process.Meanwhile the biomass carbon of the adding proportion is also more beneficial to the passivation of heavy metal, energy
Enough it is greatly lowered the available state of 5 Heavy Metallic Elements of Pb, Ni, Cu, As, Cr in composting system, and reduced rate is apparent
Composting system when higher than biomass carbon being other adding proportions, reduces sludge as biological compost raw material to amplitude peak
The drawbacks of, and improve using sludge and stalk as the quality of the biological compost of main composting material.
In addition, the present invention by using part Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf as composting material, not only make removing medical value part
Medicinal plant waste afterwards is effectively utilized, and because contains abundant micro member in these medicinal plant wastes
Plain and a variety of alkaloids for capableing of desinsection degerming remove, and certain inhibition can be played to the pathogenic microorganism in composting system and is made
With, and improve the micronutrient levels of compost.
Finally, the present invention is in composting process using three step fermentation methods by being handled, and innoxious in the first step
It is laid with spontaneous thermosphere in composting system bottom when processing, and composting system is isolated with spontaneous thermosphere by grill support, it can
So that the temperature in composting system is maintained at 65 DEG C or more, and even heat, can rapidly, efficiently kill in composting system not
Heat safe harmful microorganism reaches innoxious requirement.In addition, in the aerobic fermentation of third step, by being set in grating base
Air blower is set, and by carrying out humidification heating to the wind sent out, can not only ensure the oxygen content of composting system, Er Qieneng
Enough ensure fermentation temperature appropriate and humidity, is conducive to the progress of aerobic fermentation, improves the degree of humification of composting system.
Part is illustrated to embody by further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention by following, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the present invention, to enable those of ordinary skill in the art refering to can be real according to this after this specification
It applies.
A kind of composting system containing biomass carbon, mainly includes the raw material of following parts by weight：Basic windrow 92-110, it is micro-
Bacteria agent 0.3-0.5 and biomass carbon 0.9-1.8.Wherein, the basic windrow includes sludge and stalk, the sludge and
The mixed proportion of stalk is so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of basic windrow is 20-30, and the water content of the basic windrow is made to be 50-70%
For foundation.
The present invention by adding microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon in the composting system being mainly made of sludge and stalk,
And the additive amount of biomass carbon is determined as to the 0.9-1.8% of composting system, large specific surface area flourishing using biomass carbon hole
The characteristics of, the rapid breeding of microorganism is not only contributed to, to enhance the degree of humification of compost, and can be improved to nitrogen
Crystallized ability, and the passivation ability to heavy metal.The present invention can make composting system nitrate nitrogen content after compost big
Amplitude increases, and substantially increases and acts on nitrogen fixation, reduces the loss of nitrogen in fermentation process.Meanwhile the adding proportion
Biomass carbon is also more beneficial to the passivation of heavy metal, can make Pb, Ni, Cu, As, Cr 5 heavy metal species member in composting system
The available state of element is greatly lowered, and reduced rate is apparently higher than composting system when biomass carbon is other adding proportions, from
And amplitude peak reduces the drawbacks of sludge is as biological compost raw material, and improve former using sludge and stalk as main compost
The quality of the biological compost of material.
In the composting system containing biomass carbon, mainly include the raw material of following parts by weight：Basic windrow 100,
Microbial bacterial agent 0.4 and biomass carbon 1.8, the composting system of the composition of proportions, in fermentation process pH value be maintained at 8-6 it
Between, temperature is maintained at 40 DEG C or more, is conducive to ferment.Nitre peptide nitrogen content growth rate reaches 380% after compost, hence it is evident that is higher than
The additive amount of other ratios of biomass carbon, and the passivation effect of heavy metal is also relative to the composting system of other ratio additive amounts
Preferably.
In the composting system containing biomass carbon, the microbial bacterial agent, which is mainly organized, to be become：Yeast 0.15-0.18
Parts by weight, aspergillus niger 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, bacillus subtilis 0.08-0.1 parts by weight, pseudomonad 0.06-0.08 weight
Part, bacillus alcalophilus 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, clostridium 0.08-0.1 parts by weight and arthrobacterium 0.08-0.1 weights
Measure part.
In the composting system containing biomass carbon, the stalk is by maize straw and Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf according to 8-12
: 1 mass ratio mixing composition.Wherein, the Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf includes mainly one or more of following parts by weight of component：Chrysanthemum
Scape leaf 10-20, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf 10-20, membranous milkvetch stem and leaf 10-20, Scullcap stem and leaf 20-30 and haulm of liquorice 10-20.In China
Medicinal material cultivated area increases year by year, and these medicinal plants, and after often taking its privileged site to be used as medicine, remainder is as waste
Discarding does not have to, and is used as medicine for example, Radix Astragali, radix scutellariae, Radix Glycyrrhizae, the root of straight ladybell are roots, and it is that flower enters that cauline leaf, which does not have medical value, chrysanthemum,
Medicine, cauline leaf is also without medical value, and therefore, every batch of medicinal material recovery process can all generate a large amount of waste, causes very big
Waste.The present invention, as composting material, not only makes the medicine behind removing medical value part by using these Chinese herbal medicine cauline leafs
Be effectively utilized with plant waste, and because in these medicinal plant wastes containing abundant trace element and
A variety of alkaloids for capableing of desinsection degerming remove, and certain inhibiting effect can be played to the pathogenic microorganism in composting system, and
Improve the micronutrient levels of compost.
In the composting system containing biomass carbon, the basis windrow also includes pomace mixture, the pomace
The mass ratio of mixture and stalk in basic windrow is 1: 80-100.Wherein, the pomace mixture by apple pomace, fragrant citrus pericarp with
And pomelo peel is formed with 1-3: 1-3: 0.5-1 mass ratio mixing.By adding pomace in composting system, can not only improve
The micronutrient levels of compost to improve compost quality, and is conducive to adjust the pH value of composting system, keeps it in suitable
It preferably ferments in the relatively low range of progress.
Further include Chinese medicine slag in the basis windrow in the composting system containing biomass carbon, the Chinese medicine slag
Mass ratio with stalk in basic windrow is 1: 180-200.Wherein, the Chinese medicine slag is by mistake after the Traditional medicine infusion of following parts by weight
Filter obtains：Tuber of stemona 10-15, kuh-seng 10-15, wrinkled giant hyssop 8-12, frutus cnidii 8-12, honeysuckle 10-15, schizonepeta 8-12, motherwort 8-
12, Fructus Forsythiae 6-8, bur beggar-ticks 6-8, Herba Andrographitis 5-7, folium isatidis 8-12, cordate houttuynia 4-6, coptis 3-5, radix scutellariae 8-12, cape jasmine 2-4,
Cortex Phellodendri 3-5, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2-3, Radix Paeoniae Alba 5-7, root of Dahurain angelica 3-5, perilla leaf 5-7, Sargent gloryvine 4-5, giant knotweed 3-5, stone reed 3-5, dianthus superbus 3-5, river
Rhizome of chuanxiong 4-6, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 4-6, gleditsia sinensis 4-6, Semen Raphani 3-5 and caulis bambusae in taenian 3-5.The Chinese medicine slag can provide abundant organic for compost
Matter is increase soil fertility, and helps to kill harmful microorganism in soil, is beneficial to disease control.
A kind of compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, includes the following steps：Step 1, by formation base heap
The raw material of material mixes, and mixed proportion is so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of basic windrow within the scope of 20-30, and makes the water content of basic windrow exist
Subject within the scope of 50-70.Step 2 adds microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon into basic windrow, is uniformly mixed to get to institute
State composting system.Step 3 carries out composting system fermentation reactor system, and fermentation time is 28-32 days to get biological compost.
In the compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, heap is carried out using three step fermentation methods in step 3
System fermentation, specific method include the following steps：
Step 3.1, harmless treatment are laid with one layer of quick lime in the bottom in compost place, and quick lime thickness is 3-10 lis
Rice, constitutes spontaneous thermosphere.Before progress composting and composting is in the process to quick lime water drenching, brings it about redox reaction and generates heat
Amount, and is conducted into composting system by steam, composting system is made to be rapidly achieved and keeps high temperature, efficiently and rapidly kill intolerant to
The harmful microorganism of high temperature.Grid is arranged in the top of the spontaneous thermosphere, and grid can be plastics or corrosion resistant metal, have
Larger support strength, can be indeformable after bearing composting system, for quick lime to be isolated with composting system, and makes compost
Certain space is formed on system bottom.The waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, can make the hot gas that spontaneous thermosphere generates to
Upper conduction, and keep the water content of composting system.Composting system is deposited in the interlayer top, and is covered outside composting system
Lid agricultural film makes composting system temperature reach 60-70 DEG C, is kept for 1-2 days, and the harmful microorganism killing rate in composting system reaches
96% or more, reach harmless treatment requirement.
After harmless treatment, spontaneous thermosphere is removed for step 3.2, anaerobic fermentation, and composting system temperature is 38-45
DEG C, continue to cover agricultural film progress anaerobic fermentation, be kept for 14-18 days；
Step 3.3, aerobic fermentation after anaerobic fermentations, the agricultural film covered are removed, is turned over to composting system
It stirs, and stirred once every 1-2 days；Air blower is set to increase the ventilation quantity of composting system in grid lower part, and makes compost body
Temperature in system is kept for 38-45 DEG C, carries out aerobic fermentation 12-15 days to get to biological compost.
In the compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon, in step 3.3, the air blower and solar energy
Heating device connects, and it is 35-50 DEG C to make the temperature of air blower institute outlet air.In addition, the air blower is connect with air humidifying device,
It is 20% or more to make the water content of air blower institute outlet air.By the way that air blower is arranged in grating base, and by being sent out
Wind carries out humidification heating, can not only ensure the oxygen content of composting system, and can ensure fermentation temperature appropriate and humidity,
The progress for being conducive to aerobic fermentation, improves the degree of humification of composting system.
Embodiment 1
Step 1: 100 parts by weight of basic windrow, 0.5 parts by weight of microbial bacterial agent and 1 parts by weight of biomass carbon are mixed
It closes, obtains composting system.Wherein, the group of basic windrow becomes：70 parts by weight of sludge, 27 parts by weight of maize straw, Chinese herbal medicine stem
3 parts by weight of leaf, Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf are the mixture of chrysanthemum cauline leaf, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf and membranous milkvetch stem and leaf.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of composting system is 25, water content 58%, initial pH value 7.2.
Step 2: harmless treatment, is laid with 4 cm thick quick limes, water drenching constitutes spontaneous heating in the bottom in compost place
Layer；Grid is set on the top of spontaneous thermosphere, the waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, by composting system be deposited in it is described every
Layer top, and agricultural film is covered outside composting system, the temperature for measuring composting system is 65 DEG C, is kept for 2 days, reaches innoxious place
Reason requires.
Step 3: anaerobic fermentation, after harmless treatment, removes spontaneous thermosphere, composting system is made gradually to cool down, continue
It covers agricultural film and carries out anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation carries out 15 days, and the temperature that composting system is measured in anaerobic fermentation process is 39-42
DEG C, pH value 6.8-7.0.
Step 4: aerobic fermentation, after anaerobic fermentation, the agricultural film covered is removed, is stirred to composting system,
And it is primary to stir every 1 day, and composting system is made to carry out aerobic fermentation, the aerobic fermentation time is 13 days to get to biological compost.It is good
During aerobe fermentation, in grid lower part, setting air blower is persistently blown, and wind pushing temperature is 40 degrees Celsius, and air-supply water content is
20%, it is 38-39 DEG C that composting system temperature is measured during aerobic fermentation, pH value 6.7-6.8.
Gained biological compost nitre peptide nitrogen content growth rate is that 320%, Pb available state reduced rates are 27.5%, Ni available states drop
Low rate is 1.2%, Cu available state reduced rates are 20.2%, As available state reduced rates are 21.69%, 5 Heavy Metallic Elements of Cr
Available state reduced rate is 18.54%.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: 100 parts by weight of basic windrow, 0.4 parts by weight of microbial bacterial agent and 1.8 parts by weight of biomass carbon are mixed
It closes, obtains composting system.Wherein, the group of basic windrow becomes：75 parts by weight of sludge, 23 parts by weight of maize straw, Chinese herbal medicine stem
2 parts by weight of leaf, Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf are the mixing of chrysanthemum cauline leaf, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf, membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, Scullcap stem and leaf and haulm of liquorice
Object.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of composting system is 28, water content 60%, initial pH value 7.3.
Step 2: harmless treatment, is laid with 5 cm thick quick limes, water drenching constitutes spontaneous heating in the bottom in compost place
Layer；Grid is set on the top of spontaneous thermosphere, the waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, by composting system be deposited in it is described every
Layer top, and agricultural film is covered outside composting system, the temperature for measuring composting system is 68 DEG C, is kept for 1.5 days, reaches innoxious
Processing requirement.
Step 3: anaerobic fermentation, after harmless treatment, removes spontaneous thermosphere, composting system is made gradually to cool down, continue
It covers agricultural film and carries out anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation carries out 14 days, and the temperature that composting system is measured in anaerobic fermentation process is 41-43
DEG C, pH value 6.8-6.9.
Step 4: aerobic fermentation, after anaerobic fermentation, the agricultural film covered is removed, is stirred to composting system,
And it is primary to stir every 1 day, and composting system is made to carry out aerobic fermentation, the aerobic fermentation time is 15 days to get to biological compost.It is good
During aerobe fermentation, in grid lower part, setting air blower is persistently blown, and wind pushing temperature is 45 degrees Celsius, and air-supply water content is
25%, it is 40-42 DEG C that composting system temperature is measured during aerobic fermentation, pH value 6.6-6.7.
Gained biological compost nitre peptide nitrogen content growth rate is that 380%, Pb available state reduced rates are 51.9%, Ni available states drop
Low rate is 1.84%, Cu available state reduced rates are 59.54%, As available state reduced rates are 56.31%, 5 Heavy Metallic Elements of Cr
Available state reduced rate be 32.09%.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: 100 parts by weight of basic windrow, 0.4 parts by weight of microbial bacterial agent and 3 parts by weight of biomass carbon are mixed
It closes, obtains composting system.Wherein, the group of basic windrow becomes：72 parts by weight of sludge, 25 parts by weight of maize straw, Chinese herbal medicine stem
3 parts by weight of leaf, Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf are the mixing of chrysanthemum cauline leaf, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf, membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, Scullcap stem and leaf and haulm of liquorice
Object.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of composting system is 27, water content 59%, initial pH value 7.1.
Step 2: harmless treatment, is laid with 6 cm thick quick limes, water drenching constitutes spontaneous heating in the bottom in compost place
Layer；Grid is set on the top of spontaneous thermosphere, the waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, by composting system be deposited in it is described every
Layer top, and agricultural film is covered outside composting system, the temperature for measuring composting system is 68 DEG C, is kept for 1.5 days, reaches innoxious
Processing requirement.
Step 3: anaerobic fermentation, after harmless treatment, removes spontaneous thermosphere, composting system is made gradually to cool down, continue
It covers agricultural film and carries out anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic fermentation carries out 14 days, and the temperature that composting system is measured in anaerobic fermentation process is 35-38
DEG C, pH value 7.1-7.5.
Step 4: aerobic fermentation, after anaerobic fermentation, the agricultural film covered is removed, is stirred to composting system,
And it is primary to stir every 1 day, and composting system is made to carry out aerobic fermentation, the aerobic fermentation time is 15 days to get to biological compost.
Grid lower part setting air blower is persistently blown, and wind pushing temperature is 45 degrees Celsius, and air-supply water content is 25%, is surveyed during aerobic fermentation
It is 25-28 DEG C to determine composting system temperature, pH value 5.9-6.3.
It is 12.52%, Ni available states that gained biological compost nitre peptide nitrogen content growth rate, which is 180%, Pb available state reduced rates,
Reduced rate is 0.14%, Cu available state reduced rates are 7.04%, As available state reduced rates are 2.73%, 5 Heavy Metallic Elements of Cr
Available state reduced rate be 0.25%.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of composting system containing biomass carbon, which is characterized in that mainly include the raw material of following parts by weight：
Basic windrow 92-110, microbial bacterial agent 0.3-0.5 and biomass carbon 0.9-1.8；
Wherein, the basic windrow includes sludge and stalk, the mixed proportion of the sludge and stalk so that basic windrow carbon
Nitrogen ratio is 20-30, and it is foundation to make the water content of the basic windrow be 50-70%；
The stalk is mixed according to 8-12: 1 mass ratio with Chinese herbal medicine cauline leaf by maize straw and is formed；Wherein, the Chinese herbal medicine
Cauline leaf includes mainly one or more of following parts by weight of component：Chrysanthemum cauline leaf 10-20, the root of straight ladybell cauline leaf 10-20, membranous milkvetch stem and leaf
10-20, Scullcap stem and leaf 20-30 and haulm of liquorice 10-20.
2. the composting system containing biomass carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that include mainly following parts by weight
Raw material：
Basic windrow 100, microbial bacterial agent 0.4 and biomass carbon 1.8.
3. the composting system containing biomass carbon as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the main group of the microbial bacterial agent
Become：
Yeast 0.15-0.18 parts by weight, aspergillus niger 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, bacillus subtilis 0.08-0.1 parts by weight, false list
Born of the same parents bacterium 0.06-0.08 parts by weight, bacillus alcalophilus 0.12-0.14 parts by weight, clostridium 0.08-0.1 parts by weight with
And arthrobacterium 0.08-0.1 parts by weight.
4. the composting system containing biomass carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the basis windrow also includes fruit
The mass ratio of slag mixture, the pomace mixture and stalk in basic windrow is 1: 80-100；
Wherein, the pomace mixture by apple pomace, fragrant citrus pericarp and pomelo peel with 1-3: 1-3: 0.5-1 mass ratio mixing group
At.
5. the composting system containing biomass carbon as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include in the basis windrow
The mass ratio of Chinese medicine slag, the Chinese medicine slag and stalk in basic windrow is 1: 180-200；
Wherein, it is obtained by filtration after Traditional medicine infusion of the Chinese medicine slag by following parts by weight：Tuber of stemona 10-15, kuh-seng 10-15, wrinkled giant hyssop
8-12, frutus cnidii 8-12, honeysuckle 10-15, schizonepeta 8-12, motherwort 8-12, Fructus Forsythiae 6-8, bur beggar-ticks 6-8, Herba Andrographitis 5-7,
Folium isatidis 8-12, cordate houttuynia 4-6, coptis 3-5, radix scutellariae 8-12, cape jasmine 2-4, Cortex Phellodendri 3-5, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 2-3, Radix Paeoniae Alba 5-7, root of Dahurain angelica 3-
5, perilla leaf 5-7, Sargent gloryvine 4-5, giant knotweed 3-5, stone reed 3-5, dianthus superbus 3-5, Rhizoma Chuanxiong 4-6, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae 4-6, gleditsia sinensis 4-6, Semen Raphani 3-5
And caulis bambusae in taenian 3-5.
6. a kind of compost method of composting system containing biomass carbon as described in any one of claim 1-5, feature
It is, includes the following steps：
Step 1 mixes the raw material of formation base windrow, mixed proportion so that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of basic windrow within the scope of 20-30,
And make the water content of basic windrow within the scope of 50-70 subject to；
Step 2 adds microbial bacterial agent and biomass carbon into basic windrow, is uniformly mixed to get to the composting system；
Step 3 carries out composting system fermentation reactor system, and fermentation time is 28-32 days to get biological compost；
Wherein, fermentation reactor system is carried out using three step fermentation methods in step 3, specific method includes the following steps：
Step 3.1, harmless treatment are laid with one layer of quick lime in the bottom in compost place, and quick lime thickness is 3-10 centimetres, structure
At spontaneous thermosphere, grid is arranged in the top of the spontaneous thermosphere, the waterproof interlayer of gas permeability is laid on grid, by composting system heap
It is placed on the interlayer top, and covers agricultural film outside composting system, composting system temperature is made to reach 60-70 DEG C, keeps 1-2
It；
After harmless treatment, spontaneous thermosphere is removed for step 3.2, anaerobic fermentation, and composting system temperature is 35-45 DEG C, after
Continuous covering agricultural film carries out anaerobic fermentation, is kept for 14-18 days；
Step 3.3, aerobic fermentation after anaerobic fermentations, the agricultural film covered are removed, is stirred to composting system, and
It stirred every 1-2 days primary；Air blower is set to increase the ventilation quantity of composting system in grid lower part, and is made in composting system
Temperature is kept for 35-40 DEG C, carries out aerobic fermentation 12-15 days to get to biological compost.
7. the compost method of the composting system containing biomass carbon as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that in step 3.3,
The air blower is connect with solar heat collector, and it is 35-50 DEG C to make the temperature of air blower institute outlet air；
In addition, the air blower is connect with air humidifying device, it is 20% or more to make the water content of air blower institute outlet air.
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