CN114766297A - Watermelon potted plant planting method - Google Patents
Watermelon potted plant planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114766297A CN114766297A CN202210472011.4A CN202210472011A CN114766297A CN 114766297 A CN114766297 A CN 114766297A CN 202210472011 A CN202210472011 A CN 202210472011A CN 114766297 A CN114766297 A CN 114766297A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/80—Separation, elimination or disposal of harmful substances during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Abstract
The invention discloses a potted watermelon planting method, which comprises the following steps: A) soaking seeds; B) hastening teeth; C) planting; D) promoting seedling growth and fertilizing; E) accelerating vine fertilizer; F) pruning and hanging vines; J) artificial pollination and H) melon remaining, compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the incidence rate of insect pests and improve the yield and the quality of the watermelon.
Description
[ technical field ] A
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to the technical field of a watermelon potted planting method.
[ background of the invention ]
With the improvement of the living standard of urban and rural residents in China, the market of the watermelon tends to be high-grade, small and high-quality. Under the condition that the market of agricultural products is seriously supplied and demanded more, the quality-based winning has become a consensus of farmers. The total amount is controlled, the quality is improved, and higher benefits can be obtained. The watermelon is juicy, sweet, cool and refreshing and is popular with consumers. With the change of the population structure of urban and rural families, the small watermelon is more and more popular.
At present, soil quality reduction, such as saline-alkali soil, hardened soil, acid and alkali, and reduction of nutrient substances in soil, easily occurs when watermelons are planted in a greenhouse, so that the watermelons are not suitable for growth of melons, and the watermelon wilt easily occurs when the watermelons are planted in continuous cropping mode.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a potted watermelon planting method which can reduce the incidence of insect pests and improve the yield and quality of watermelons.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a watermelon potted plant planting method, which comprises the following steps:
A) seed soaking: the method comprises the following steps of firstly drying seeds for 1-2 days before seed soaking, soaking the dried seeds in water at 25-32 ℃ for 6-8 hours, then fishing out the seeds, wrapping the seeds with coarse cloth, rubbing off mucous membranes on seed coats, then soaking the seeds in a 800-1000 times of methyl thiophanate solution for 3.5-4.5 hours, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds with clear water to obtain germination-accelerating seeds;
B) tooth accelerating: horizontally placing the germination seeds on a wet towel, covering a layer of wet towel on the germination seeds, placing the wet towel in an environment of 30-35 ℃ for germination, and allowing 85-90% of the germination seeds to be white;
C) planting: a container selection: a flowerpot or a barrel body with the diameter of 30-40 cm, the height of 40-60 cm and a water drain hole at the bottom; preparing secondary soil: adopting garden soil, coarse sand and asparagus straw fertilizer and mixing uniformly; three-planting: selecting the morning or evening time, sowing 1-2 accelerating germination seeds in each hole, covering soil for 2-3 cm, and leaving 1 strongest seedling after emergence of seedlings, wherein the preparation of the asparagus straw fertilizer comprises the following steps: a) crushing, b) mixing materials, c) stacking, d) heating and e) turning;
D) and (3) promoting seedling fertilizer: dressing at the 4-5 leaf stage, and applying 5-8 g of urea to each plant;
E) and (3) accelerating vine fertilizing: when melon seedlings grow to 40-60 cm, ditching and applying a 45% potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the ditch depth is 10-15 cm, each plant is applied with 3-5 g, and covering soil and watering are performed after application;
F) pruning and vine hanging: when the main vines grow to 25-35 cm, selecting and reserving a robust lateral vine at the base part, and then fixing the vines on a vine hanging mechanism;
J) artificial pollination: selecting female flowers with good development on the main tendrils and the lateral tendrils, wherein the flower buds have thick stems, large ovaries, normal appearance and bright green and glossy color, and when the pollination time is 8-10 in a sunny day and 9-11 in a cloudy day, 2-3 female flowers can be pollinated by one male flower;
H) and (4) melon retention: and (4) reserving the second and third female flowers to bear the melons, and if the melons on the main vine are not seated, reserving the melons on the lateral vines in the sequence.
Preferably, the a) pulverization treatment: the method comprises the steps of crushing asparagus straws into asparagus straw particles, wherein the length of the crushed particle stems is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the materials in the b) are mixed: mixing and stirring the asparagus straw particles, the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine uniformly, and then pouring enough water to obtain a mixed material, wherein the volume ratio of the asparagus straw particles to the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine is as follows: 1 to 3: 4-6: 8-10, the watering amount is as follows: the water content of the asparagus straw particles reaches 40-60%.
Preferably, said c) stacking: the method comprises the following steps of stacking quicklime and mixed materials in a layered mode to form a material stack, alternately stacking quicklime layers and the mixed material layer from bottom to top, stacking the mixed materials of each material stack for 4-5 layers, wherein each layer is 30-40 cm high, arranging a water spraying device in each material stack, arranging a plurality of water spraying heads in the upper end of each mixed material layer, and sealing the upper end of each mixed material layer with a film and soil to be compacted after piling.
Preferably, the d) temperature rise: the water supply pipe is communicated with a water inlet of the water spraying device, water is sprayed out through a water spraying head to permeate through the mixed material layer to be mixed with the corresponding quicklime layer to generate heat, then the mixed material layer is heated, and the stack temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃.
Preferably, the e) is piled upside down: and (3) fermenting for 5-7 days, pouring, appropriately supplementing water according to the water content of the piled materials to ensure that the water content is not lower than 40% -50%, pouring for 1 time every 3-5 days, pouring for 3-4 times totally, and fermenting for 26-28 days.
Preferably, in the material pile stacking process, a person cannot step on the material pile, soil cannot be mixed into the mixed material layer, the mixed material layer cannot be stacked by soil, and a sheep manure layer is arranged between the quicklime layer and the mixed material layer adjacent to the lower part.
Preferably, 5-8 kg of urea, 16-23 kg of calcium superphosphate, 160-220 kg of mushroom residues and 25-35 kg of gypsum are added to every 1000kg of asparagus straw particles when the asparagus is finally stacked in the e) stacking step.
Preferably, the vine hanging mechanism comprises a hoop, a plurality of sleeve bodies, a plurality of supporting rods, a connecting seat and a plurality of vine fixing pieces, the hoop is fixed on the flowerpot, the sleeve bodies are arranged on the hoop at intervals, the supporting rods are arranged in the sleeve bodies, the sleeve bodies are fixedly connected with the supporting rods through hand screws I, the upper ends of the supporting rods are connected with the connecting seat in an inserting mode, and the supporting rods are provided with the vine fixing pieces.
Preferably, the vine fixing piece comprises a sliding sleeve, a hook and a hand screw II, the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the supporting rod through the hand screw II, the sliding sleeve is provided with the hook, and the hook is sleeved with a flexible protective sleeve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the asparagus straw fertilizer is adopted, the EC value of the soil is effectively reduced, the organic matter and the effective phosphorus content of the soil are improved, the exchangeable cation capacity in the soil is increased, and the asparagus straw fertilizer has the remarkable effects of improving the product quality and increasing the yield. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the incidence rate of insect pests and improve the yield and the quality of the watermelon.
Meet water themogenesis through quick lime layer, can accelerate the decomposition speed of straw, better kill germ, worm's ovum, reduce volatilizing of ammonia, water jet equipment can spray water and evenly guarantee straw decomposition homogeneity to can improve the air permeability, improve the speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The sheep manure layer can absorb moisture, and has a certain guarantee for the humidity of the material pile.
The vine hanging mechanism is convenient to disassemble and assemble and convenient to transport and store.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[ description of the drawings ]
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material stack;
fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the vine hanging mechanism.
In the figure: 1-quicklime layer, 2-mixed material layer, 3-water spraying device, 4-sheep manure layer, 6-flowerpot, 31-water spraying head, 32-water inlet, 51-hoop, 52-sleeve body, 53-supporting rod, 54-connecting seat, 55-vine fixing piece, 56-manual screw I, 551-sliding sleeve, 552-hook, 553-manual screw II and 554-flexible protecting sleeve.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a watermelon potting planting method, which comprises the following steps:
A) seed soaking: the method comprises the following steps of (1) drying seeds for 1 day before seed soaking, soaking the dried seeds in water at 30 ℃ for 7 hours, then fishing out the seeds, wrapping the seeds with coarse cloth, rubbing off mucous membranes on seed skins, then soaking the seeds in 1000 times of methyl thiophanate solution for 4 hours, and then taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds with clear water to obtain germination-accelerating seeds;
B) tooth accelerating: horizontally placing the germination accelerating seeds on a wet towel, covering a layer of wet towel on the germination accelerating seeds, placing the wet towel in an environment of 32 ℃ for accelerating germination, and exposing 90% of the germination accelerating seeds to be white;
C) planting: a container selection: a flowerpot or a barrel body with the diameter of 40cm and the height of 60cm and a drain hole at the bottom; preparing secondary soil: adopting 100 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of coarse sand and 30 parts of asparagus straw fertilizer, and uniformly mixing; three kinds of planting: selecting morning or evening time, sowing 2 germination accelerating seeds in each hole, covering soil for 3cm, and leaving 1 strongest seedling after seedling emergence, wherein the preparation of the asparagus straw fertilizer comprises the following steps: a) crushing, b) mixing materials, c) stacking, d) heating and e) turning;
D) and (3) promoting seedling fertilizer: dressing at the 4-leaf stage, and applying 8 g of urea to each plant;
E) and (3) vine accelerating fertilizer: when melon seedlings grow to 40cm, ditching and applying a 45% potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the ditch depth is 10cm, 5 g of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and covering soil and watering are carried out after applying;
F) pruning and vine hanging: when the main vines grow to 30cm, selecting and reserving a strong lateral vine at the base part, and then fixing the vines on a vine hanging mechanism;
J) artificial pollination: selecting female flowers with good development on the main tendrils and the side tendrils, wherein the flower buds have thick stems, large ovaries, normal appearance, and bright green and glossy flowers, and when the pollination time is 9 in sunny days and 10 in cloudy days, one male flower can give 2 female flowers;
H) and (4) melon retention: and (4) reserving the second female flower and the third female flower for bearing the melons, and if the melons on the main vine are not seated, reserving the melons on the lateral vine in the sequence.
The a) crushing treatment: the crushed asparagus straws are 1cm long, and b) the materials are mixed: mixing and stirring the asparagus straw particles, the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine uniformly, and then pouring enough water to obtain a mixed material, wherein the volume ratio of the asparagus straw particles to the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine is as follows: 3: 6: 10, the watering amount is as follows: the water content of the asparagus straw particles reaches 60%, and c) stacking: carry out the layering stack with lime and mixtures and constitute the material heap, lime layer 1 and mixture bed of material 2 are by stacking in turn from bottom to top, and the mixtures of every heap material heap can be folded 5 layers, and every layer of height 40cm is provided with water jet equipment 3 in the material heap, and water jet equipment 3 all is equipped with a plurality of sprinkler bead 31 in the upper end of every layer of mixture bed of material 2, beats and piles the completion back, with the film closing cap, seals the reality with earth all around, d) intensifies: communicating a water supply pipe with a water inlet 32 of a water spraying device 3, spraying water by a water spraying head 31 to permeate a mixed material layer 2 to mix with a corresponding quick lime layer 1 to generate heat, then heating the mixed material layer 2, controlling the temperature of a reactor at 60 ℃, and e) reversely stacking: fermenting for 6 days, performing reverse stacking, properly supplementing water according to the water content of the stacked materials to ensure that the water content is not lower than 40-50%, then performing reverse stacking for 1 time every 4 days, and performing fermentation for 26 days, wherein the stacked materials cannot be stepped on by people in the stacking process, soil cannot be doped into the mixture material layer 2, and the mixture material layer 2 cannot be stacked by soil, a sheep manure layer 4 is arranged between the quicklime layer 1 and the adjacent mixture material layer 2 below, 5-8 kg of urea, 16-23 kg of calcium superphosphate, 160-220 kg of mushroom residue and 25-35 kg of gypsum are added according to each 1000kg of asparagus straw particles during the last reverse stacking in the step of e) reverse stacking, the tendril hanging mechanism comprises an anchor ear 51, a plurality of sleeves 52, a plurality of support rods 53, a connecting seat 54 and a plurality of tendril fixing pieces 55, the anchor ear 51 is fixed on a flowerpot, the anchor ear 51 is provided with the sleeves 52 arranged at intervals, the support rods 53 are arranged in the sleeve bodies 52, the sleeve bodies 52 are fixedly connected with the support rods 53 through hand screws I56, the upper ends of the support rods 53 are connected with the connecting seats 54 in an inserting mode, a plurality of vine fixing pieces 55 are arranged on the support rods 53, each vine fixing piece 55 comprises a sliding sleeve 551, a hook 552 and a hand screw II553, the sliding sleeves 551 are fixedly connected with the support rods 53 through the hand screws II553, the hooks 552 are arranged on the sliding sleeves 551, and the flexible protective sleeves 554 are sleeved on the hooks 552.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention relates to a watermelon potting planting method, which comprises the following steps:
A) seed soaking: the method comprises the following steps of (1) drying seeds for 2 days before seed soaking, soaking the dried seeds in water at 32 ℃ for 8 hours, then fishing out the seeds, wrapping the seeds with coarse cloth, rubbing off mucous membranes on seed skins, then soaking the seeds in a 900-time methyl thiophanate solution for 4.5 hours, and then taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds with clear water to obtain germination-accelerating seeds;
B) tooth accelerating: horizontally placing the germination accelerating seeds on a wet towel, covering a layer of wet towel on the germination accelerating seeds, placing the wet towel in an environment of 35 ℃ for accelerating germination, and exposing 85% of the germination accelerating seeds to be white;
C) planting: a container selection: a flowerpot or a barrel body with the diameter of 35cm and the height of 50cm and a water drain hole at the bottom; preparing secondary soil: adopting 100 parts of garden soil, 15 parts of coarse sand and 20 parts of asparagus straw fertilizer, and uniformly mixing; three-planting: selecting the morning or evening time, sowing 2 germination accelerating seeds in each hole, covering soil for 2cm, and leaving 1 strongest seedling after seedling emergence, wherein the preparation of the asparagus straw fertilizer comprises the following steps: a) crushing, b) mixing materials, c) stacking, d) heating and e) turning;
D) and (3) promoting seedling fertilizer: dressing at the 5-leaf stage, and applying 8 g of urea to each plant;
E) and (3) accelerating vine fertilizing: when melon seedlings grow to 40cm, ditching and applying a 45% potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the ditch depth is 10cm, 5 g of fertilizer is applied to each plant, and covering soil and watering are carried out after applying;
F) pruning and vine hanging: when the main vines grow to 25cm, selecting and reserving a strong lateral vine at the base part, and then fixing the vines on a vine hanging mechanism;
J) artificial pollination: selecting female flowers with good development on the main tendrils and the side tendrils, wherein the flower buds have thick stems, large ovaries, normal appearance, and bright green and glossy flowers, and when the pollination time is 10 in sunny days and 11 in cloudy days, one male flower can give 3 female flowers;
H) and (4) melon retention: and (4) reserving the second female flower and the third female flower for bearing the melons, and if the melons on the main vine are not seated, reserving the melons on the lateral vine in the sequence.
The a) crushing treatment: the asparagus straw particles are crushed by the asparagus straw, the length of the crushed particle stems is 2cm, and b) the materials are mixed: mixing and stirring the asparagus straw particles, the human excrement and the livestock excrement uniformly, and then pouring enough water to obtain a mixed material, wherein the volume ratio of the asparagus straw particles to the human excrement to the livestock excrement is as follows: 2: 5: 9, the watering amount is as follows: the water content of the asparagus straw particles reaches 50%, and c) stacking: carry out layering stack with lime and mixed material and constitute the material heap, lime layer 1 and mixture bed of material 2 are by stacking in turn from bottom to top, and the mixed material of every heap material heap can 5 layers of folding, and every layer of height 30cm is provided with water jet equipment 3 in the material heap, and water jet equipment 3 all is equipped with a plurality of sprinkler heads 31 in every layer of mixed material layer 2's upper end, beats and piles the completion back, with the film closing cap, seal with earth all around, d) intensifies: communicating a water supply pipe with a water inlet 32 of a water spraying device 3, spraying water by a water spraying head 31 to permeate through a mixed material layer 2 to be mixed with a corresponding quick lime layer 1 to generate heat, then heating the mixed material layer 2, controlling the stack temperature at 60 ℃, and e) reversely stacking: fermenting for 5 days, performing reverse stacking, properly supplementing water according to the water content of the stacked materials to ensure that the water content is not lower than 40 percent, then performing reverse stacking for 1 time every 3 days and 4 times, and performing fermentation for 28 days, wherein the stacked materials cannot be stepped on by people in the stacking process, the mixture material layer 2 cannot be doped with soil and stacked by soil, a sheep manure layer 4 is arranged between the quicklime layer 1 and the adjacent mixture material layer 2 below, 5-8 kg of urea, 16-23 kg of calcium superphosphate, 160-220 kg of mushroom residue and 25-35 kg of gypsum are added according to each 1000kg of asparagus straw particles during the last reverse stacking in the step of e) reverse stacking, the tendril hanging mechanism comprises an anchor ear 51, a plurality of sleeve bodies 52, a plurality of support rods 53, a connecting seat 54 and a plurality of tendril fixing pieces 55, the anchor ear 51 is fixed on a flowerpot, the anchor ear 51 is provided with the sleeve bodies 52 arranged at intervals, the support rods 53 are arranged in the sleeve body 52, the sleeve body 52 is fixedly connected with the support rods 53 through hand screws I56, the upper ends of the support rods 53 are connected with the connecting seat 54 in an inserting mode, the support rods 53 are provided with a plurality of vine fixing pieces 55, each vine fixing piece 55 comprises a sliding sleeve 551, a hook 552 and a hand screw II553, the sliding sleeve 551 is fixedly connected with the support rods 53 through the hand screw II553, the sliding sleeve 551 is provided with the hook 552, and the hook 552 is sleeved with a flexible protective sleeve 554.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A watermelon pot planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A) seed soaking: the method comprises the following steps of firstly drying seeds for 1-2 days before seed soaking, soaking the dried seeds in water at the temperature of 25-32 ℃ for 6-8 hours, then fishing out the seeds, wrapping the seeds with coarse cloth, rubbing off mucous membranes on seed skins, then soaking the seeds in a 800-1000 times of methyl thiophanate solution for 3.5-4.5 hours, taking out the seeds, and washing the seeds with clear water to obtain germination-accelerating seeds;
B) tooth catalyzing: horizontally placing the germination seeds on a wet towel, covering a layer of wet towel on the germination seeds, placing the wet towel in an environment of 30-35 ℃ for germination, and allowing 85-90% of the germination seeds to be white;
C) planting: the method comprises the following steps of (I) container selection: a flowerpot or a barrel body with the diameter of 30-40 cm, the height of 40-60 cm and a water drain hole at the bottom; (II) preparing foundation soil: adopting garden soil, coarse sand and asparagus straw fertilizer and mixing uniformly; and (III) planting: selecting the morning or evening time, sowing 1-2 accelerating germination seeds in each hole, covering soil for 2-3 cm, and leaving 1 strongest seedling after emergence of seedlings, wherein the preparation of the asparagus straw fertilizer comprises the following steps: a) crushing, b) mixing materials, c) stacking, d) heating and e) turning;
D) and (3) promoting seedling fertilizer: dressing at the 4-5 leaf stage, and applying 5-8 g of urea to each plant;
E) and (3) accelerating vine fertilizing: when melon seedlings grow to 40-60 cm, ditching and applying a 45% potassium sulfate type ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the ditch depth is 10-15 cm, each plant is applied with 3-5 g, and covering soil and watering are performed after application;
F) pruning and vine hanging: when the main vines grow to 25-35 cm, selecting and reserving a robust lateral vine at the base part, and then fixing the vines on a vine hanging mechanism;
J) artificial pollination: selecting female flowers which grow well on the main tendrils and the side tendrils, wherein the flower buds are thick in stems, large in ovaries, normal in appearance, and bright green and glossy in color, and when pollination is carried out on a sunny day for 8-10 hours and pollination is carried out on a cloudy day for 9-11 hours, 2-3 female flowers can be fertilized by one male flower;
H) and (4) melon retention: and (4) reserving the second female flower and the third female flower for bearing the melons, and if the melons on the main vine are not seated, reserving the melons on the lateral vine in the sequence.
2. The method for planting the potted watermelon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the a) crushing treatment: the method comprises the steps of crushing asparagus straws into asparagus straw particles, wherein the length of the crushed particle stems is 1-2 cm.
3. The method for planting the potted watermelon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: b) mixing materials: mixing and stirring the asparagus straw particles, the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine uniformly, and then pouring enough water to obtain a mixed material, wherein the volume ratio of the asparagus straw particles to the human excrement and the livestock excrement and urine is as follows: 1-3: 4-6: 8-10, the watering amount is as follows: the water content of the asparagus straw particles reaches 40-60%.
4. The method for planting the potted watermelon as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the c) stacking: the method comprises the steps of stacking quicklime and mixed materials in a layering mode to form a material stack, alternately stacking the quicklime layer (1) and the mixed material layer (2) from bottom to top, stacking the mixed materials of each material stack by 4-5 layers, wherein each layer is 30-40 cm high, arranging a water spraying device (3) in each material stack, arranging a plurality of water spraying heads (31) in the upper end of each mixed material layer (2) of each water spraying device (3), sealing the materials with a film cover after stacking is completed, and sealing the materials with soil all around.
5. The method for planting the potted watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: d) raising the temperature: a water supply pipe is communicated with a water inlet (32) of a water spraying device (3), water is sprayed out through a water spraying head (31) to permeate through a mixed material layer (2) to be mixed with a corresponding quicklime layer (1) to generate heat, then the mixed material layer (2) is heated, and the stack temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃.
6. The method for planting the potted watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and e) turning over the pile: and (3) fermenting for 5-7 days, dumping, and properly supplementing water according to the water content of the material to ensure that the water content is not lower than 40% -50%, dumping for 1 time every 3-5 days, dumping for 3-4 times totally, and fermenting for 26-28 days.
7. The method for planting the potted watermelon according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process of stacking the material piles, people cannot step on the material piles, and cannot mix soil into the mixed material layer (2) and stack the material piles by using the soil, and a sheep manure layer (4) is arranged between the quicklime layer (1) and the mixed material layer (2) adjacent to the lower part.
8. The method for planting the potted watermelon as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and e) when the asparagus is piled for the last time in the step of piling, adding 5-8 kg of urea, 16-23 kg of calcium superphosphate, 160-220 kg of mushroom residues and 25-35 kg of gypsum into every 1000kg of asparagus straw granules.
9. The method for planting the potted watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vine hanging mechanism comprises a hoop (51), a plurality of sleeve bodies (52), a plurality of supporting rods (53), a connecting seat (54) and a plurality of vine fixing pieces (55), the hoop (51) is fixed on a flowerpot, the sleeve bodies (52) arranged at intervals are arranged on the hoop (51), the supporting rods (53) are arranged in the sleeve bodies (52), the sleeve bodies (52) are fixedly connected with the supporting rods (53) through hand-screwed screws I (56), the upper ends of the supporting rods (53) are connected with the connecting seat (54) in an inserting mode, and the supporting rods (53) are provided with the vine fixing pieces (55).
10. The method for planting the potted watermelon according to claim 9, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the vine fixing piece (55) comprises a sliding sleeve (551), a hook (552) and a hand screw II (553), the sliding sleeve (551) is fixedly connected with the supporting rod (53) through the hand screw II (553), the sliding sleeve (551) is provided with the hook (552), and the hook (552) is sleeved with a flexible protective sleeve (554).
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