CN105075793A - Inclined fish-scale pit forestation land preparation technology suitable for earth-rock mountain area in north China - Google Patents
Inclined fish-scale pit forestation land preparation technology suitable for earth-rock mountain area in north China Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075793A CN105075793A CN201510603291.8A CN201510603291A CN105075793A CN 105075793 A CN105075793 A CN 105075793A CN 201510603291 A CN201510603291 A CN 201510603291A CN 105075793 A CN105075793 A CN 105075793A
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- scale pit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an inclined fish-scale pit forestation land preparation technology suitable for the earth-rock mountain area in the north China. Half-moon-shaped inclined fish-scale pits are dug from top to bottom in the part, inclining to form an angle of 30 degrees with the contour line, of the upper edge of the slope of the earth-rock mountain area in the north China, all the inclined fish-scale pits are arrayed in parallel, openings 5 cm deep and 10 cm wide are reserved in upper and lower mouths of the inclined fish-scale pits respectively, the lower mouth of each inclined fish-scale pit corresponds to the upper mouth of the closest inclined fish-scale pit which is arranged on the lower right, and the inclined fish-scale pits are conical bottoms with wide upper openings and narrow lower openings. According to the characteristics of the slope of the earth-rock mountain area in the north China, the inclination degree between the fish-scale pits and the contour line is changed on the basis of traditional fish-scale pit land preparation so as to facilitate large-area irrigation, irrigation efficiency is improved, and the irrigation cost is lowered. Under the condition that the engineering quantity of the inclined fish-scale pits is roughly the same as that of a traditional fish-scale pit land preparation technology, scouring of surface soil by runoff can be reduced when heavy rainfall occurs, the survival rate of forestation can be increased, and the inclined fish-scale pit forestation land preparation technology is a land preparation mode worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to afforestation and soil preparation technical field, relate to a kind of tilting fish scale pit afforestation and soil preparation technology being applicable to Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China.
Background technology
Many mountain regions, Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China, hills, vegetation coverage is low, and Precipitation Distribution in Time and Space is uneven, rich in addition witheredly alternately focuses mostly on 7, August, and cause serious water and soil loss, short duration heavy showers even can form mountain torrents debris flow.The ecotope of Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China is subject to heavy damage, have impact on production and the life of hill farmer greatly, and therefore the ecological environment treatment of Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China becomes to attach most importance in recent years.
Vegetation can delay slope runoff, Littoral Barrier, thus reduces the loss of slope table layer soil body, increases slope table layer soil body stability, improves ecological environments of the mountain area.But Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China land occupation condition is poor, as thin in side slope soil layer, naked rock is many, the gradient steep, the infiltration capacity of soil is poor, causes mountain area side slope survival rate lower.Traditional fish scale pit be abrupt slope whole ground a kind of technology, it be the fragmentation of landform more complicated domatic on, conformal is made use of momentum,, dig semicircular fish scale pit one by one from top to bottom, build the semicircle outer ridge with the immature soil, table earthen backfill is in hole, and treelet is planted in the middle of hole or near outer ridge place.But the availability of this mode water resource is low, later stage large area water also comparatively complicated, take time and effort.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome, traditional whole ground, fish scale pit water utilization rate is low in the present invention, complexity of watering, the shortcoming that takes time and effort, in conjunction with Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China feature, invents a kind of tilting fish scale pit and carries out entire technique to side slope.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
A kind of tilting fish scale pit afforestation and soil preparation technology being applicable to Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China, on Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China is domatic along and the tilt direction of 30 ° of contour dig half-moon-shaped tilting fish scale pit from top to bottom, each tilting fish scale pit is arranged in parallel, wherein, it is 5cm, the wide opening for 10cm that the Shang Zui in tilting fish scale pit and lower mouth respectively stay dark, the lower mouth in each tilting fish scale pit is corresponding with the upper mouth in the lower right tilting fish scale pit nearest apart from it, tilting fish scale pit is suitable for reading wide, the conical bottom that end opening is narrow.
The cutting forset-plantation whole ground specification in described tilting fish scale pit be long hem width × minor face wide × dark=50cm × 30cm × 40cm, cheat along wide 5cm factor increases and decreases such as () the visual nursery stock specification of its body specification, land occupation conditions.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is directed to the domatic feature in Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China, the basis on whole ground, traditional fish scale pit changes fish scale pit and isocontour gradient, single fish scale pit Shang Zui and Xia Zui is made to have the discrepancy in elevation, being beneficial to when watering unnecessary water in inclined upward formula fish scale pit flows in bottom-right hole, be conducive to large area pouring, improve pouring efficiency, reduce irrigation cost.Wide, conical bottom that end opening is narrow suitable for reading is arranged in inside, fish scale pit simultaneously, and when banketing, only fills out half hole soil, to be beneficial to limited rainwater catchment to plant root, to add efficiency of water application, the good growing way of guarantee plant.Washing away of runoff his-and-hers watches soil, under the condition that quantities is substantially identical with traditional fish scale pit entire technique, can be reduced when heavy showers in tilting fish scale pit, and improve survival rate, the present invention is the land preparation mode be worthy to be popularized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of single tilting fish scale pit on the slope of Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China.
The vertical view in the single tilting fish scale pit of Fig. 2
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that 6 tilting fish scale pits arranged in parallel are arranged in left and right two
Embodiment
In order to the advantage and object that make invention are more clear, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
Beijing is positioned at the North China Plain, belongs to typical Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China.North residence small watershed elevation 43 ~ 493m, belongs to typical mountain watershed, and basin is domatic comparatively steep, and soil gravel content is up to 20%-40%, and water-holding capacity is poor, domatic comparatively difficulty of watering.Mean annual precipitation, at 600 ~ 700 millimeters, mainly concentrates on for 6 ~ August, and when March plants seedlings, rainfall is less.Therefore be specifically described with residence small watershed tilting fish scale pit, north, Huairou District, Beijing City afforestation and soil preparation.
1) reproducting tree species is selected
Afforestation dominant tree species is selected in Tree Species Resources investigation according to Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China self-sow and manual inseminating, and undertaken breeding by plant tissue parts such as branches, growing plants material is as test reproducting tree species, as: spun gold willow, dry land willow, shrubby flase indigo and fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, adopt cutting forset-plantation mode in March, 2015, seeding row spacing is 0.8m × 0.6m.
2) land preparation mode
On domatic along with domatic contour be 30 ° of directions dig specification be long hem width × minor face wide × the half-moon-shaped tilting fish scale pit of dark=50cm × 30cm × 40cm, and cheat the conical bottom that the end scrapes out big upper and lower small mouth.It is 5cm, the wide opening for 10cm that the Shang Zui in fish scale pit and lower mouth respectively stay dark, and the lower mouth in each fish scale pit is corresponding with the lower mouth in the lower right fish scale pit nearest apart from it.
3) method for planting
Backfill 15cm after mixing with soil with stone in half-moon-shaped tilting fish scale pit, then cuttage branch is inserted center at the bottom of fish scale pit, accomplish that righting is held up directly, the depth is suitable for, and tracks tramping having peace of mind.Banket in hole and to be used as reserved watering and Accumulated Rainwater with near coal-mine empty part.
4) technique effect
Spun gold willow, dry land willow, shrubby flase indigo and fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree 4 plant material adopt tilting fish scale pit land preparation mode to carry out cutting forset-plantation respectively, and every plant material selects 200 strain cuttage branches.And adopt traditional fish scale pit land preparation mode and bare area in contrast.All water twice at duration of test.The engineering of the survival rate of main contrast's different tree species under the measure of difference whole ground and average shoot growth amount and different land preparation mode is consuming time.
The afforestation and soil preparation test combinations mode that this test is arranged:
Table 1 afforestation and soil preparation engineering test combination table
Measure different land preparation mode engineering consuming time, measure single hole respectively and excavate consuming time and irrigate always consuming time.
The engineering of the different land preparation mode of table 2 is consuming time
| Land preparation mode | Consuming time/h is excavated in single hole | Pouring always consuming time/h |
| Tradition fish scale pit | 0.3 | 6 |
| Tilting fish scale pit | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Survival rate measures: cuttage to all test reproducting tree species combination observation statistics, calculated its survival rate after 5 months.Wherein, seeds shoot sprout one and more than, growth is normal, and be judged to be that these strain seeds survive without damage by disease and insect, survival rate computing formula is: strain number/plant seedlings strain number × 100% for survival rate=survive.
Table 3 cuttage is different land preparation mode survival rate after 5 months
| Land preparation mode | Plant seedlings strain number | Survive strain number | Survival rate |
| Bare area | 800 | 391 | 48.87％ |
| Tradition fish scale pit | 800 | 609 | 76.12％ |
| Tilting fish scale pit | 800 | 747 | 93.37％ |
Amount of growth measures, and adds up, calculate its average shoot growth amount in cuttage after 5 months to all test reproducting tree species combination observations.
Table 4 cuttage is the average shoot growth amount of plant after 5 months
In test implementation process, the engineering measuring different land preparation mode is respectively consuming time, and as shown in Table 2, the list hole in tilting fish scale pit is excavated consuming time and traditional fish scale pit is substantially identical, is respectively 0.4h, 0.3h; And the total traditional fish scale pit that is obviously less than consuming time of the pouring in tilting fish scale pit, be respectively 0.5h, 6h.In cuttage after 5 months, measure survival rate and average shoot growth amount under different land preparation mode respectively, as shown in Table 3, survival rate shows as: tilting fish scale pit (93.37%) > tradition fish scale pit (76.12%) > bare area (48.87%).As shown in Table 4, the average shoot growth amount of spun gold willow shows as: tilting fish scale pit (160.45cm) > tradition fish scale pit (108.69cm) > bare area (84.12cm); It is the highest that the average shoot growth amount of dry land willow, shrubby flase indigo, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree also presents tilting fish scale pit, and bare area is minimum.Therefore tilting fish scale pit entire technique is substantially identical with traditional entire technique quantities, but the pouring efficiency in tilting fish scale pit is far above traditional fish scale pit land preparation mode, therefore entire technique more traditional fish scale pit, tilting fish scale pit entire technique greatly reduces the cost of afforestation and soil preparation.The fish scale pit entire technique that tilting fish scale pit is more traditional simultaneously and bare area significantly improve survival rate, and its shoot growth amount is also far away higher than traditional fish scale pit entire technique and bare area.
Claims (2)
1. one kind is applicable to the tilting fish scale pit afforestation and soil preparation technology of Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China, it is characterized in that, on Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China is domatic along and the tilt direction of 30 ° of contour dig half-moon-shaped tilting fish scale pit from top to bottom, each tilting fish scale pit is arranged in parallel, wherein, it is 5cm, the wide opening for 10cm that the Shang Zui in tilting fish scale pit and lower mouth respectively stay dark, the lower mouth in each tilting fish scale pit is corresponding with the upper mouth in the lower right tilting fish scale pit nearest apart from it, tilting fish scale pit is suitable for reading wide, the conical bottom that end opening is narrow.
2. the tilting fish scale pit afforestation and soil preparation technology being applicable to Rocky Mountain Area of Northern China according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the cutting forset-plantation whole ground specification in described tilting fish scale pit be long hem width × minor face wide × dark=50cm × 30cm × 40cm, cheat along wide 5cm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850629A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 广东利泰农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation and management method for olives |
| CN107371433A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | The convenient fish-scale pit afforestation and soil preparation method of high-quality and high-efficiency |
| CN116267079A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-06-23 | 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag |
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| JP2003210055A (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2003-07-29 | Toshimi Yoshida | Development of tree planting cultivated soil for maintaining global environment of increased tree planting and steep slope work vehicle used for development of tree planting cultivated soil and method for producing the same |
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| CN101790931A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-08-04 | 华中农业大学 | Restoration method for damaged ecosystem in steep-slope area in water-level-fluctuating zone of reservoir |
| CN201794080U (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-04-13 | 东莞市奥达绿保环保科技有限公司 | Greening slope protection network |
| CN104234007A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2014-12-24 | 天津港海湾园林绿化有限公司 | Method for afforesting river saline-alkali soil levee slope |
| CN104303946A (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2015-01-28 | 昆明市东川区林业技术推广站 | Funnel bottom fish-scale pit soil preparation technology |
| CN204728349U (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-28 | 大理海东开发管理委员会市政园林绿化管理服务中心 | A kind of precipitous rock slope ecological greening system |
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2015
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Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1741626A1 (en) * | 1989-12-08 | 1992-06-23 | Н.Н.Агапонов | Method for preparation of badly eroded slopes for afforestation |
| JP2003210055A (en) * | 2002-01-21 | 2003-07-29 | Toshimi Yoshida | Development of tree planting cultivated soil for maintaining global environment of increased tree planting and steep slope work vehicle used for development of tree planting cultivated soil and method for producing the same |
| CN1820578A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2006-08-23 | 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部 | Method for anti-drought afforestation by collecting water, preserving water and supplementing water |
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| CN201794080U (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2011-04-13 | 东莞市奥达绿保环保科技有限公司 | Greening slope protection network |
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| CN104303946A (en) * | 2014-11-02 | 2015-01-28 | 昆明市东川区林业技术推广站 | Funnel bottom fish-scale pit soil preparation technology |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105850629A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-17 | 广东利泰农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation and management method for olives |
| CN107371433A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-11-24 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | The convenient fish-scale pit afforestation and soil preparation method of high-quality and high-efficiency |
| CN107371433B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2021-07-27 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | High-quality, efficient and convenient fish scale pit afforestation and soil preparation method |
| CN116267079A (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-06-23 | 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag |
| CN116267079B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-01-02 | 美丽华夏生态环境科技有限公司 | Method for recovering vegetation of coal gangue mountain by using starch-based biodegradable plant-growing bag |
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| CN105075793B (en) | 2018-01-09 |
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