CN105008116B - 可挤出的多层管材 - Google Patents

可挤出的多层管材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105008116B
CN105008116B CN201480009558.4A CN201480009558A CN105008116B CN 105008116 B CN105008116 B CN 105008116B CN 201480009558 A CN201480009558 A CN 201480009558A CN 105008116 B CN105008116 B CN 105008116B
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China
Prior art keywords
tubular
pipe
functionalization
matching
layer
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CN105008116A (zh
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P·布儒瓦
M·沙
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Tekni Plex Inc
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Tekni Plex Inc
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/08—Tubes; Storage means specially adapted therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/10—Tube connectors; Tube couplings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1406—Ultraviolet [UV] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1409—Visible light radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4845—Radiation curing adhesives, e.g. UV light curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4895—Solvent bonding, i.e. the surfaces of the parts to be joined being treated with solvents, swelling or softening agents, without adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B32B1/08—Tubular products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L33/00—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses
    • F16L33/01—Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members; Rigid hose connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses adapted for hoses having a multi-layer wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/133—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement the walls consisting of two layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

制造用于附接到预制管状聚合物体(20)的聚合物管(10)的方法，该方法包括：选择用共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物，和将外管状层(12)与至少一个内管状层(14)一起共挤出，以形成匹配管，该外管状层包含选定的乙烯共聚物，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面(11)，具有纵轴(A1)和相对端的中央管状通道。

Description

可挤出的多层管材
发明领域
本发明涉及制造聚合物管、将聚合物管与另一聚合物管形组件以同轴布置连接和粘合在一起的组合物、结合和方法，该聚合物管的外表面插入该另一聚合物管形组件内，该聚合物管的外表面配合并附接到其他组件的中央通道的内壁表面。
背景
增塑的PVC管材已经用于医疗领域多年。在这段时期，已有许多后管制造操作，用来在管端增加另外的配件，以将该管插入用来与另外的组件相互作用的各种医疗装置，用于出于人类健康维护目的或者在手术过程中向患者输送流体。通常，这些不同的配件包括一个区域，在这里管适配到该配件组件中，然后该管用溶剂结合到该配件，或者粘合性地固定到该配件。配件可以由不同材料制成，包括ABS共聚物、聚碳酸酯和其他热塑性材料，由于它们的机械性能、热稳定性和由于在非常紧密的尺寸容差内精确模制的能力而选择这些材料。将管与配件组合的组装过程期间，有一个阶段，其中用供料器将溶剂(通常是环己醇或环己酮)施用到管的外表面，该管物理地衔接到管配件中。该步骤完成后，溶剂最终蒸发，同时与管的外表面和配件的内表面发生相互作用。溶剂的性质使得该溶剂与管和配件的表面发生相互作用，并且可能产生一种物理或化学的结合手段，使得它产生一定量的力，从配件物理地移出管部分。与不使用溶剂仅将管物理插入配件相比，该力通常在向表面施用溶剂之后大得多。在类似的方式中，采用的其他粘合技术包括UV可固化粘合剂来代替溶剂，将液体粘合剂施用到管的表面，将该管插入配件。将管适配到配件完成后，将组件的该部分暴露于UV(紫外)光，该UV光通常促使粘合剂固化成最终的固体形式，管就粘合性地结合到配件。在一些实例中，组合期间，可能存在这样的情形，配件用溶剂结合到管的一端，而在管的另一端，配件利用UV可固化粘合剂适配到管。已经证实，PVC管材对于所有这些用由上述不同材料类型制造的各种配件的操作来说是最有用的。出于至少环境的、管理的和/或立法的原因，需要避免使用增塑的PVC作为用来制造医疗管材的材料。
Hurst的US2005/186377A1公开了一种用于将一对塑料管状部件结合的方法，包括应用红外辐射和加热管状部件。
发明概述
本发明包括制造多层管，该多层管优选包含至少两种共挤出的非含PVC聚合材料，由此该两种材料彼此固定结合，从而该两种材料的外管材层能够牢固地容易地和牢固地在暴露的外表面结合到常规管状部件的中央通道的内表面，管状部件例如鲁尔接头(luer)或者用于医疗处理应用的其他配件，特别是包含通常用于医疗流体输送和处理应用的可商购聚碳酸酯或ABS材料的鲁尔接头。
根据本发明，提供了将聚合物管同轴地结合到预制管状体的方法，该预制管状体包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈结构部分的共聚物或含有丙烯腈或丙烯酸结构部分的共聚物中的一种或多种，该预制管状体限定了具有由内壁限制的纵轴的中空中央管状通道，该方法包括：
将外管状层与至少一个内管状层一起共挤出，以形成匹配管，该外管状层包含由共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，图3中300，
用材料沿该端中的至少一个的选定轴向长度处理匹配管的外表面，该材料经固化或干燥使经处理的外表面粘合到管状体的内壁，图3中310，
将匹配管的经处理端同轴地插入管状体的中央管状通道，从而经处理端的外表面与管状体的内壁沿选定轴向长度匹配，以形成匹配的接合，图3中320，和
固化匹配的接合或者使其干燥，从而经处理的外表面结合到内壁，图3中330。
在这种方法中，处理步骤可以包括用醇或酮或者UV或可见光可固化材料涂覆至少一端的外表面。
在这种方法中，固化步骤可以包括在匹配管的经处理端插入之后，使匹配的接合干燥，或者使匹配的接合暴露于UV或可见光预定的时间量中的至少一个。
在这种方法中，醇或酮通常包括脂族醇或脂族酮，粘合剂材料包含含有丙烯酸酯的结构部分。
这种方法可以进一步包括选择乙烯共聚物以用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化，图4中340。
这种方法可以进一步包括选择热塑性弹性材料以包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
匹配管的外层可以包含至少约18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
在本发明的另一方面中，提供了结合的管状组件，其包括：
预制管状体，其包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈结构部分的共聚物中的一种或多种，该预制管状体限定了具有由内壁限制的纵轴的中空中央管状通道，
多层匹配管，其包含外管状层，该外管状层包含由共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯聚合物，该外管状层粘合到至少一个内管状层，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，
其中匹配管的端之一同轴地插入预制管状体的中央管状通道内，从而匹配管的该一端的外表面与管状体的内壁沿匹配管的选定轴向长度匹配，
匹配的外表面与内壁彼此结合。
在这种组件中，乙烯聚合物优选由含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分官能化。
在这种组件中，热塑性弹性材料优选包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
在这种组件中，匹配管的外层可以包含至少约18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
在本发明的另一方面，提供了制造用于附接到预制管状聚合物体的聚合物管的方法，该方法包括：
选择用共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物，图4中340，和
将外管状层与至少一个内管状层一起共挤出，以形成匹配管，该外管状层包含选定的乙烯共聚物，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，该中央管状通道用于将至少一端插入预制管状聚合物体的中央通道中，图4中350。
这种方法可以进一步包括选择官能化的乙烯共聚物以用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化。
这种方法可以进一步包括选择热塑性弹性材料以包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
这种方法可以进一步包括选择官能化的乙烯聚合物以包含至少约18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
在本发明的另一方面中，提供了用于附接到预制管状聚合物体的聚合物管，该聚合物管包含：
包含选定的乙烯共聚物的外管状层，
其中外层与至少一个包含热塑性弹性材料的内管状层一起共挤出，
外和内共挤出层彼此粘合，形成匹配管，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，该中央管状通道用于将至少一端插入预制管状聚合物体的中央通道中。
在这种管中，官能化的乙烯共聚物优选用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化。
在这种管中，热塑性弹性材料优选包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
在这种管中，官能化的乙烯共聚物可以包含至少约18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
附图说明
附图例示了本发明的一个或多个非限制性实例。
图1是根据本发明的多层管的概略透视图，该多层管具有末端部分，该末端部分具有选定轴向长度AL。
图2是图1的管的侧截面图，该管的末端部分同轴地插入预制管状体的中央流体流动通道端。
图3是根据本发明的一种工艺或方法的概略流程图。
图4是根据本发明的另一工艺或方法的概略流程图。
实施方案详述
参照附图对本发明的示例性实施方案进行说明。在可能的情况下，在所有附图中使用相同的附图标记指示相同或类似的部分。
参照图1、2，通过将第一外层12与第一内层14的外表面14a共挤出为结合性衔接来制造根据本发明的匹配管10，第一外层12包含官能化的乙烯共聚物，第一内层14包含可挤出的热塑性弹性材料。根据任选的需要，可挤出的聚合材料的一个或多个另外的层19可以与层12、14的材料一起共挤出为与层12、14相继的结合性衔接，以形成三层或更多层管10。
乙烯共聚物层12通常经选择以包含弹性化合物或热塑性化合物中的一种或多种，该化合物用在聚合物的结构内共轭的乙烯基结构部分(例如丙烯酸酯或乙酸乙烯酯结构部分)来官能化。乙烯共聚物优选用选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯或乙酸乙烯酯结构部分中的一种或多种的官能团来官能化。该官能团通常占乙烯共聚物的至少约18wt％。
乙烯共聚物层材料12可以根据需要包含一种或多种添加剂，添加剂包括染料、着色剂、阻燃剂、抗氧化剂、耐热剂、增塑剂、抗冲改性剂、粘合增进剂、稳定剂等。层12的厚度通常为约0.00025”至约0.010”。可商购的乙烯共聚物的实例为WestlakeSP2268，具有24wt％丙烯酸甲酯共聚单体的乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物；Westlake TymaxGA7001，酸酐改性的乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物，可获自Westlake Chemical，WestlakeCenter，2801Post Oak Boulevard，休斯敦，德克萨斯州；Dow EA 103，具有19.5wt％丙烯酸乙酯共聚单体的乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物；DuPont Elvax 260，具有28wt％乙酸乙烯酯共聚单体的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物；和Celanese Ateva 1821A，具有18wt％乙酸乙烯酯共聚单体的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物。
第一内层14所包含的热塑性弹性材料(TPE)优选为聚烯烃弹性材料，并且优选为一种或多种聚合物，该一种或多种聚合物可挤出，可在升高的温度作为熔体加工，不具有显著的蠕变，总体上具有低模量，并且是能够在室温重复牵张、当压力释放时有能力恢复到它们近似原始长度的柔性材料。在普遍认可的TPE类型中，以下的传统型TPE(即两相体系，其包含硬质热塑性相，该硬质热塑性相与软质弹性体相机械地或化学地连接，得到具有两种相的合并性质的TPE)和较新型TPE(即金属茂催化的聚烯烃塑性体和弹性体，以及反应器制热塑性聚烯烃弹性体)适用于层14。以下为传统TPE：a)苯乙烯类二嵌段和三嵌段共聚物，其包含硬质聚苯乙烯相和基于乙烯、丁二烯、异戊二烯或氢化丁二烯的弹性聚烯烃相，b)基于聚烯烃的共混物，其包含乙烯和丙烯橡胶，配混成聚乙烯或聚丙烯材料，和c)基于聚烯烃的合金，其包含硫化橡胶组分，配混成聚乙烯或聚丙烯材料。以下为新型TPE：a)金属茂催化的聚乙烯共聚物，其包含多种线型短链α烯烃作为共聚单体，例如丁二烯、己烯或辛烯，b)基于双反应器的聚烯烃，其中在一个反应器中制造硬质相例如聚丙烯，将其传送到另一反应器中，其中弹性材料例如聚乙烯-聚丙烯橡胶在硬质相内原位聚合，c)聚烯烃弹性体，其包含基于聚乙烯嵌段和聚乙烯-辛烯嵌段的多种聚乙烯嵌段共聚物，和d)非常低分子量的线型低密度聚乙烯。
Exxon 4049是适合的可商购TPE的一个实例，前述TPE中的任一种可以用于层14中。
层14的TPE材料可以根据需要包含一种或多种添加剂，添加剂包括染料、着色剂、阻燃剂、抗氧化剂、耐热剂、增塑剂、抗冲改性剂、粘合增进剂、稳定剂等。
管状体20通常形成为鲁尔接头、塑料管连接器或用于医疗应用(例如用于连接管，该连接管用来将医疗流体以无菌方式从流体源输送到患者或容器，其中该流体密封在封闭系统中，管材和连接器将该所含流体保持在该密封系统内)的其他配件的构型。管状体20包含稳定的预制聚合材料。管状体20所包含的聚合材料通常为聚碳酸酯或ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)材料，但是还可以为丙烯酸类树脂、聚酯、聚缩醛或聚酰胺例如尼龙。
管状体20所包含的聚合材料可以根据需要包含一种或多种添加剂，添加剂包括染料、着色剂、阻燃剂、抗氧化剂、耐热剂、抗冲改性剂、稳定剂等。
管10具有末端11，其具有外表面18和选定的轴向长度AL，用于插入通道22并结合到管状体20(通常为鲁尔接头的形式)的中央流体通道22的内壁表面22a。如图1、2中所示，管的末端11插入体20的通道22中，从而轴A1与管状体20的轴A2大体上同轴对齐。通道22的截面直径D2优选与管10的末端11的截面直径D1互补。直径D2可以稍小于D1(小0.01至约0.5微米)，以确保末端11在通道22内的密配合。末端11插入通道22时，外表面18与通道22的内表面22a衔接，插入前施用到表面18上的溶剂或粘合剂沿整个选定轴向长度AL在表面18和22a上紧密涂敷。
管状体20通常具有分开的同轴对齐的A1-A2中孔中央通道部分22、24，其具有不同的截面直径D2和D3，其中D3通常大于D2，因而形成阻挡表面25，管10的末端11的末端表面17的较大D1(与D2大致相同或稍大)靠着阻挡表面25停下，并且在末端11强制手动同轴插入和通过通道22时止动。
在选择溶剂来处理表面18的情况中，溶剂通常选自环己醇、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯、四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃和甲乙酮中的一种或多种。溶剂处理通常包括将溶剂施用到管10的末端11的表面18，然后将末端11插入管状体20的轴向通道22中。在选择粘合剂来处理表面18的情况中，粘合剂最优选为UV或可见光可固化液体。粘合剂优选包括丙烯酸酯化合物如氰丙烯酸酯、环氧化物、硅氧烷或聚氨酯。
测试结果：通过使用下面表I中列出的材料，使用挤出工具如由佛罗里达州克利尔沃特的General Cable Company的Genca Division制造的“三模”基础装置，单层挤出和通过多层形式共挤出，来制造各种管材样品。挤出的管材样品尺寸为：0.187"OD×0.125"ID，总壁厚＝0.0315"，用于结合的外表层为5.5密耳+/-1.5密耳。如本领域已知的，通过以下来进行挤出或共挤出过程：使聚合材料熔融，将熔融的材料在压力下送过适合的模头，以形成管状成形挤出物或共挤出物，然后将挤出物或共挤出物通过常规水域或水真空槽冷却，以形成最终产品。然后将如此制造的管材样品结合到如下文所述的可商购的鲁尔接头，然后牵引测试结合强度。制备测试样品，采用的测试装置和参数如下：
使用UV固化的粘合剂制备的样品：
1.将管样品切成8英寸，将管的末端用70％异丙醇清洗，并允许空气干燥。
2.用小供料器将UV粘合剂施用到清洗过的管末端的1/2英寸长度，并插入鲁尔接头。所用的UV粘合剂：MD Medical Device，UV Light Curing Adhesive and Coatings，Ultra Light-1191-M，Dymax Corporation，Adhesives&Adhesive Equipment，318Industrial Lane，托灵顿，CT 06790
3.然后使用UV灯使管固化45秒：Loctite，Zeta 7411，Model98027，UV FloodCuring System，Rocky Hill，CT 06067，SN0603A23
4.之后测试管24小时(72F/50％RH)
使用(环己酮)结合制备的样品：
1.将管样品切成8英寸，将管的末端用70％异丙醇清洗，并允许空气干燥。
2.用小供料器将环己酮(100％纯)施用到清洗过的管末端的1/2英寸长度，并插入鲁尔接头。
3.将管静置干燥24小时，然后机械测试(72F/50％RH)
机械测试装置和参数，用于管材组件的测试中，管材组件结合到如下文所述的可商购的ABS和聚碳酸酯鲁尔接头。能够以拉伸方式和机械测试装置和样品上的记录压力是本领域中公知的，这种装置如由Instron(美国马萨诸塞州诺伍德826University Avenue)或Lloyd Instruments Ltd(英国West Sussex)制造的那些可用于测试。这种仪器包括附接到可移动夹的测力计，并且包括不可移动的夹或钳。通常，样品夹在顶部夹和底部夹之间，一个夹以受控速率移动，记录该夹移动时样品经历的力。在下文所述的测试中，将管和鲁尔接头组件固定在装置夹内，测量从鲁尔接头移开管的最大力(以磅计)。这种测试是指牵引测试：
1.测试装置夹设置为隔开3英寸。
2.管的鲁尔接头端夹在上部夹中间。
3.管的松开端夹在底部夹中间。
4.开始牵引测试，允许循环，直到以5英寸/分钟的速率将管从鲁尔接头拉出。
5.记录将管从鲁尔接头拉出的磅力(lb)，从夹移出管。
6.对各样品(10×)各种类型鲁尔接头/管组合重复步骤1-5。
用于组件和牵引测试的可商购的鲁尔接头样品购买自Qosin.com，具有以下标识 和规格：
1.部件号11150，阴型鲁尔接头锁连接器，0.192英寸-0.183英寸ID/0.254英寸-0.260英寸OD，材料：聚碳酸酯。
2.部件号65252，阴型鲁尔接头连接器，净材，0.197英寸-0.185英寸ID，材料：ABS。
用于牵引测试目的而制造的样品管以单层和多层形式制造，在下面表I中分别指定为M或MLX。测试的样品管由可商购的TPE和官能化的乙烯共聚物材料制造，材料列在下面表I中。在制造多层(MLX)样品的各情况中，MLX样品的外层包含官能化的乙烯共聚物。
表I
表I，样品管–挤出或共挤出的材料
单层–用溶剂结合到鲁尔接头
[1]100％Exxon EXACT 4049
[2](共混物)70wt％Exxon EXACT 4049/30wt％Dow Amplify 1052H
[3](共混物)50wt％Exxon EXACT 4049/50wt％Dow Amplify 1052H
[4]100％Dow Amplify 1052H，可获自Dow的高度浓缩的马来酸酐改性的聚烯烃
[5]100％Dow EA 103
[6]100％DuPont Elvax 260
[7]100％Westlake 2268
[8]100％Westlake GA 7001(EMA/马来酸酐共聚物)
双层–外层用溶剂结合到鲁尔接头
[9]外–100％Dow EA 103/内–100％Exxon EXACT 4049
[10]外–100％DuPont Elvax 260/内–100％Exxon EXACT4049
[11]外–100％Celanese Ateva EVA 1821A/内–100％Exxon4049
单层–用粘合剂结合到鲁尔接头
[12]100％Exxon EXACT 4049
[13](共混物)70wt％Exxon EXACT 4049/30wt％Dow Amplify 1052H
[14](共混物)50wt％Exxon EXACT 4049/50wt％Dow Amplify 1052H
双层–外层用粘合剂结合到鲁尔接头
[15]外–100％Dow EA 103/内–100％Exxon EXACT 4049
[16]外–100％DuPont Elvax 260/内–100％Exxon EXACT4049
[17]外–100％Celanese EVA 1821A/内–100％Exxon EXACT 4049
如表I数据所示，具有外表面层(多层或单层形式)(包含最低有效的官能化聚合物组成(18wt％EVA/TPE))的多层管10，与典型的非极性聚合材料(TPE)相比，在结合强度方面提供了显著的改进。如数据所示，最低有效的官能化聚合材料(18wt％EVA/TPE)的结合强度为使用溶剂至少约3lb，使用UV可固化粘合剂至少约4.5lb(结合到ABS鲁尔接头)，相比之下，当结合到ABS鲁尔接头时，非官能化聚合物(TPE)的结合强度小于约1.3lb(溶剂方法)和小于约4.2lb(UV可固化粘合剂)。
还如数据所示，当结合到聚碳酸酯鲁尔接头时，最低有效的官能化聚合材料(18wt％EVA/TPE)之一的结合强度为使用溶剂至少约5.46lb，使用粘合剂至少约5.38lb，相比之下，非官能化聚合物(TPE)的结合强度为使用溶剂约3.60lb，使用粘合剂约4.89lb。

Claims (19)

1.将聚合物管同轴地结合到预制管状体的方法，该预制管状体限定了具有由内壁限制的纵轴的中空中央管状通道，该内壁包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈的共聚物中的一种或多种，该方法包括：
将外管状层与至少一个内管状层一起共挤出，以形成匹配管，该外管状层包含由共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，
用含有醇或酮或者UV或可见光可固化的材料沿该端中的至少一个的选定轴向长度处理匹配管的外表面，该材料经固化或干燥使经处理的外表面粘合到管状体的内壁，
将匹配管的经处理端同轴地插入管状体的中央管状通道，从而经处理端的外表面与管状体的内壁沿选定轴向长度匹配，以形成匹配的接合，
固化匹配的接合或者使其干燥，从而经处理的外表面结合到内壁。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中处理步骤包括用含有UV或可见光可固化的材料涂覆至少一端的外表面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中固化步骤包括在匹配管的经处理端插入之后，使匹配的接合暴露于UV或可见光预定的时间量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中醇或酮包括脂族醇或脂族酮，粘合剂材料包含含有丙烯酸酯的结构部分。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括选择乙烯共聚物以用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括选择热塑性弹性材料以包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中匹配管的外层包含至少18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
8.结合的管状组件，其包括：
预制管状体，其包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈的共聚物中的一种或多种，该预制管状体限定了具有由内壁限制的纵轴的中空中央管状通道，
多层匹配管，其包含外管状层，该外管状层包含由共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯聚合物，该外管状层粘合到至少一个内管状层，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，
其中匹配管的该端之一同轴地插入预制管状体的中央管状通道内，从而匹配管的该一端的外表面与管状体的内壁沿匹配管的选定轴向长度匹配，匹配的外表面与内壁彼此结合。
9.根据权利要求8所述的管状组件，其中乙烯共聚物由含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分官能化。
10.根据权利要求8所述的管状组件，其中热塑性弹性材料包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
11.根据权利要求8所述的管状组件，其中匹配管的外层包含至少18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
12.制造用于附接到具有内壁的预制管状聚合物体的聚合物管的方法，该内壁包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈的共聚物中的一种或多种，该方法包括：
选择用共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物，
将外管状层与至少一个内管状层一起共挤出，以形成匹配管，该外管状层包含选定的乙烯共聚物，该内管状层包含热塑性弹性材料，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，该中央管状通道用于将至少一端插入预制管状聚合物体的中央通道中，
用含有醇或酮或者UV或可见光可固化的材料处理外管状层的外表面的一端，该材料使经处理的外表面在将外管状层的该一端沿管状体的选定轴向长度插入管状体时粘合到管状体的内壁，和
当与预制管状聚合物体的内表面匹配时，使在外表面上处理的材料固化或干燥。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，进一步包括选择官能化的乙烯共聚物以用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法，进一步包括选择热塑性弹性材料以包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
15.根据权利要求12所述的方法，进一步包括选择官能化的乙烯聚合物以包含至少18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
16.用于附接到预制管状聚合物体的聚合物管，该预制管状体限定了具有由内壁限制的纵轴的中空中央管状通道，该内壁包含聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸类或含有丙烯腈的共聚物中的一种或多种，该聚合物管包含：
包含由共轭的乙烯基结构部分官能化的乙烯共聚物的外管状层，其中外管状层与至少一个包含热塑性弹性材料的内管状层一起共挤出，
外和内共挤出层彼此粘合，形成匹配管，该匹配管具有包含官能化的乙烯共聚物的外表面，具有纵轴和相对端的中央管状通道，该中央管状通道用于将至少一端插入预制管状聚合物体的中央通道中。
17.根据权利要求16所述的聚合物管，进一步其中官能化的乙烯共聚物用含有丙烯酸甲酯的结构部分、含有丙烯酸乙酯的结构部分或含有乙酸乙烯酯的结构部分来官能化。
18.根据权利要求16所述的聚合物管，其中热塑性弹性材料包含聚烯烃弹性材料。
19.根据权利要求16所述的聚合物管，其中官能化的乙烯共聚物包含至少18wt％的共轭的乙烯基结构部分。
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