CN104904505A - Longan heavy retractive pruning tree flower-formation promoting method - Google Patents
Longan heavy retractive pruning tree flower-formation promoting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904505A CN104904505A CN201510238947.0A CN201510238947A CN104904505A CN 104904505 A CN104904505 A CN 104904505A CN 201510238947 A CN201510238947 A CN 201510238947A CN 104904505 A CN104904505 A CN 104904505A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fruit culture technologies, and particularly relates to a longan heavy retractive pruning tree flow-formation promoting method. The longan heavy retractive pruning tree flow-formation promoting method is characterized by comprising the following steps that 1, a flat-end-type pruning method is adopted for highly retracting a longan tree; 2, branches are thinned out and shoots are determined after first-time shoots are matured to form a fruiting mother shoot unit formed by third-time and fourth-time shoots; 3, during the shoot growth period, biological organic nutrition solution fertilizer is sprayed on leaves two to three times; 4, after the last shoots are matured, leaf fertilizer and biological organic nutrition solution fertilizer are sprayed; 5, multi-effect triazole liquid is sprayed on the last shoots; 6, a trunk is girdled for flower promoting and shoot controlling; 7, when spring buds germinate, the biological organic nutrition solution fertilizer is used for spraying leaves two to three times. According to the longan heavy retractive pruning tree flow-formation promoting method, heavy retractive control is adopted for pruning sturdy shoots, internodes are reasonable, branches do not excessively grow, heavy retractive pruning in the current year is achieved, a large amount of flowers are formed and a large number of fruits are borne in the next year, and the flower forming and fruit bearing plant rate can reach more than 90%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field, what be specifically related to is the short flower method of longan heavily retractive pruning tree.
Background technology
Heavily retractive pruning is that fundamentally to transform tree body too tall and big, and usually at more than 4.5m, branch progression is too much, the slump of disastrous proportions of the last tip, tree body intersect cover, the effective ways in the airtight garden of longan that greenery layer is thin.But, longan easily occurs that Growth status is vigorous after implementing heavily retractive pruning, branch excessive growth is very strong, nutrient accumulation is not enough, be difficult to next year yield positive results, this just aggravated prosperous nourishing and growing conversely, among the vicious circle of stepping into " tree body is too tall and big-heavily retractive pruning-Wang longly do not yield positive results-heavily retractive pruning again-again cross prosperous length not yield positive results ".If bounced back then, next year can not at once result, then cannot realize the high-yield high-efficiency cultivation of longan.
At present, there is too high excessive, the capable phenomenon of cross seal of tree body in most longan producing region.Because tree body is too tall and big, branch progression is too much, and the decline of the last tip is serious, shows as short carefully weak, inferiorly can't bear; Set body too tall and big simultaneously, prune, spray all inconveniences such as medicine, flower and fruit thinning, fruit harvesting, bookkeeping efficiency is low, and Yield and qualities is also greatly affected.The method fundamentally transforming this too tall and big Thick Tree carries out heavily retractive pruning to longan.But, easily there is prosperous phenomenon of nourishing and growing after longan heavily retractive pruning, be difficult to next year yield positive results.The short flower method of research longan heavily retractive pruning tree, realizes heavily retractive pruning then, and next year becomes flower to bear fruit in a large number, fundamentally solves longan airtight garden transformation, realizes the high-yield high-efficiency cultivation pattern of longan, have important theory significance and more practical value.
The information being disclosed in this background technology part is only intended to increase the understanding to general background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as admitting or imply in any form that this information structure has been prior art that persons skilled in the art are known.
Summary of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the invention provides the short flower method of a kind of longan heavily retractive pruning tree.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme:
A kind of short flower method of longan heavily retractive pruning tree, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) with " cab over type " pruning method, the height of longan is bounced back to 1.2-1.5m in 3-4 month;
(2) the 1st aging rear sparse branchings of branch and determine the tip, stay branch 6-9 Tiao/㎡, and remaining branch is dredged from base portion and gone, and each tip only stays 1 later, form the bearing basal shoot unit be made up of 3-4 tip;
(3) the Shoot growth phase, foliage-spray 2-3 secondary pollutant organic nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(4) the last tip aging after spray foliage fertilizer 1000-2000 times of liquid+biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer 2-3 time, regulate and control to terminal bud extend 3-5cm;
(5), at the beginning of by the end of September to 10 month, spray 30-37.5mg/L paclobutrazol solution, spray 3 times continuously, every minor tick at least 15 days;
(6) girdling trunk controlling the treetops and hastening blossom by the end of December;
(7) next year is by the end of January to when the early spring in February, bud was sprouted, and uses biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer foliage-spray 2-3 time.
In technical scheme of the present invention, described in step (3), (4) and (7), biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer is counted by weight and is made up of following component: the female bacterium 0.01 part of pollen 1 part, honey 0.2 part, white sugar 2 parts, 10 parts, water and EM.
In technical scheme of the present invention, foliage fertilizer described in step (4) is nitrogenous >=and 14%, phosphorus >=6%, potassium >=18%, calcium and other trace element >=10%, soil activating conditioner 150PPM, Fruit agent 200PPM.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
It is sturdy that the inventive method is to regulate the heavily retractive pruning branch tip, internode is reasonable, branch not excessive growth, achieve and return contracting then, next year can become flower to bear fruit in a large number, becomes to spend strain rate of bearing fruit to reach more than 90%, and the heavily retractive pruning tree fundamentally solving longan airtight garden transformation is difficult to into colored problem, realize the high-yield high-efficiency cultivation pattern of longan, production has the prospect applied.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention not by the restriction of embodiment.
embodiment 1:
Test site is Dong Luo town, Fusui County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi Luo Feng village Ling Xue money Longan Orchard.Original longan cultivated area 7 mu, seeding row spacing is 4m × 4m, and plant is tall and big airtight, and the tree crown management difficulties such as spray medicine, pruning, harvesting are large, and efficiency is low.At the beginning of 2012, adopt method of the present invention to carry out " cab over type " heavily retractive pruning and the short flower of branch regulation and control to it; Contrast orchard is that heavily retractive pruning is set routinely.
Result of the test: 2013 year's harvest spend strain rate of bearing fruit to reach more than 90%, output 4900kg, average yield per mu 700kg; 2014 annual productions reach 7532kg, average yield per mu 1076kg.And the longan plant Shoot growth contrasting orchard is vigorous, branch excessive growth is very strong, and nutrient accumulation is not enough, becomes next year colored hardly.
embodiment 2:
Test site is that Chongzuo City, Guangxi Longzhou County north credit farm Huang Fei weighs Longan Orchard, area 8 mu, kind is stone gorge, plantation in 1997, seeding row spacing is 4m × 5m, plant tall and big airtight (more than height of tree 4.5m), within 2008, once traditionally carried out heavily retractive pruning, to reduce tree crown, improve orchard illumination, improve the yield and quality, result is after heavily retractive pruning, Second Year Shoot growth is excessively prosperous, can not yield positive results, cutting back again in 2010, or cross prosperous growth, flower is become to bear fruit strain rate less than 30%, among the vicious circle that orchard is stepped into " tree body is too tall and big-heavily retractive pruning-Wang long do not yield positive results-heavily retractive pruning again-again cross prosperous length not yield positive results "." cab over type " heavily retractive pruning and the short flower of branch regulation and control is re-started according to the present invention in the spring in 2012.
Result: by 2013, the longan through the inventive method process becomes to spend strain rate of bearing fruit to reach 92%, gross yield 7500kg, average price 8.0 yuan/kg, the output value 6.0 ten thousand yuan, deduction management cost 1.2 ten thousand yuan, profit 4.8 ten thousand yuan; 2014 annual production 5500kg, average price 7.6 yuan/kg, the output value 4.18 ten thousand yuan, deduction management cost 0.88 ten thousand yuan, profit 3.3 ten thousand yuan.
embodiment3:
Test site is peaceful town, Jiangzhou district, Chongzuo City, Guangxi so 45 mu, village Longan Orchard (by one of present inventor Mr. Du Wanjin is contracted), for the situation of this Longan Orchard tree body tall and big airtight (more than height of tree 4.5m), in adopting the technology of the present invention 21-30 day in April, 2014, " cab over type " heavily retractive pruning and the short flower of branch regulation and control are carried out to this garden longan; Contrast orchard is the longan of heavily retractive pruning routinely.
Result: by 2015, the longan through the inventive method process becomes flower strain rate to reach 95%, bears fruit at present all right, and per plant output is estimated to reach 30-50kg, reaches pole high yield level.
The aforementioned description to concrete exemplary of the present invention is to illustrate and the object of illustration.These descriptions not want the present invention to be defined as disclosed precise forms, and obviously, according to above-mentioned instruction, can much change and change.The object selected exemplary embodiment and describe is to explain certain principles of the present invention and practical application thereof, thus those skilled in the art can be realized and utilize various different exemplary of the present invention and various different selection and change.Scope of the present invention is intended to limited by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. the short flower method of longan heavily retractive pruning tree, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) with " cab over type " pruning method, the height of longan is bounced back to 1.2-1.5m in 3-4 month;
(2) the 1st aging rear sparse branchings of branch and determine the tip, stay branch 6-9 Tiao/㎡, and remaining branch is dredged from base portion and gone, and each tip only stays 1 later, form the bearing basal shoot unit be made up of 3-4 tip;
(3) the Shoot growth phase, foliage-spray 2-3 secondary pollutant organic nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(4) the last tip aging after spray foliage fertilizer 1000-2000 times of liquid+biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer 2-3 time, regulate and control to terminal bud extend 3-5cm;
(5), at the beginning of by the end of September to 10 month, spray 30-37.5mg/L paclobutrazol solution, spray 3 times continuously, every minor tick at least 15 days;
(6) girdling trunk controlling the treetops and hastening blossom by the end of December;
(7) next year is by the end of January to when the early spring in February, bud was sprouted, and uses biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer foliage-spray 2-3 time.
2. longan heavily retractive pruning tree urgees flower method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described in step (3), (4) and (7), biological organic nutrient liquid fertilizer is counted by weight and is made up of following component: the female bacterium 0.01 part of pollen 1 part, honey 0.2 part, white sugar 2 parts, 10 parts, water and EM.
3. the short flower method of longan heavily retractive pruning tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that, foliage fertilizer described in step (4) is nitrogenous >=and 14%, phosphorus >=6%, potassium >=18%, calcium and other trace element >=10%, soil activating conditioner 150PPM, Fruit agent 200PPM.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105594407A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-05-25 | 大新县生产力促进中心 | Longan tree retraction modifying method |
| CN106818919A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 陆川县绿丰农业专业合作社 | A kind of longan control shoot agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107211793A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-29 | 平南县颖绿龙眼种植专业合作社 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of longan |
| CN107211790A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | The bloom controlling method of the four seasons big fruit ear of honey longan |
| CN107232000A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-10-10 | 平南县颖绿龙眼种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of control shoot in culture plantation |
| CN107318559A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of longan |
| CN107593144A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of longan tree crown control and the pruning method of equilibrium output and tree vigo(u)r |
| CN109699383A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-03 | 德庆县创宏现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of four seasons honey longan plantation technique that mother spends more fruit ears long |
| CN114736063A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 华南农业大学 | Preparation and application of flower promoting foliar fertilizer special for litchi |
Citations (2)
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| CN102754584A (en) * | 2012-08-01 | 2012-10-31 | 南宁宇益源农业科技发展有限公司 | Longan bearing maternal branch culture technique |
| CN104255357A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | CGDD (Cumulative Growing Degree-Days) based method for improving longan florescence rate and fruit quality through flower forcing |
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| CN104255357A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | CGDD (Cumulative Growing Degree-Days) based method for improving longan florescence rate and fruit quality through flower forcing |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105594407A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2016-05-25 | 大新县生产力促进中心 | Longan tree retraction modifying method |
| CN106818919A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-06-13 | 陆川县绿丰农业专业合作社 | A kind of longan control shoot agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107211790A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-09-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | The bloom controlling method of the four seasons big fruit ear of honey longan |
| CN107211793A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-29 | 平南县颖绿龙眼种植专业合作社 | A kind of high yield cultivating method of longan |
| CN107232000A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-10-10 | 平南县颖绿龙眼种植专业合作社 | A kind of method of control shoot in culture plantation |
| CN107318559A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of longan |
| CN107593144A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-19 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of longan tree crown control and the pruning method of equilibrium output and tree vigo(u)r |
| CN109699383A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-03 | 德庆县创宏现代农业发展有限公司 | A kind of four seasons honey longan plantation technique that mother spends more fruit ears long |
| CN109699383B (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2021-01-15 | 德庆县创宏现代农业发展有限公司 | Four-season honey longan planting process with mother flowers being multiple in fruit ears and long in fruit ears |
| CN114736063A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-12 | 华南农业大学 | Preparation and application of flower promoting foliar fertilizer special for litchi |
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Application publication date: 20150916 |