CN104812605B - 车辆的动力装置 - Google Patents

车辆的动力装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104812605B
CN104812605B CN201380061854.4A CN201380061854A CN104812605B CN 104812605 B CN104812605 B CN 104812605B CN 201380061854 A CN201380061854 A CN 201380061854A CN 104812605 B CN104812605 B CN 104812605B
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motor
engine
vehicle
power set
vibration
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CN104812605A (zh
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阿部裕
山本和志
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/951—Assembly or relative location of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的车辆的动力装置具备的电动机，其被安装在安装于发动机的变速器外壳的发动机侧，并且经由紧固点与发动机连结，从发动机的曲轴方向观察，连结电动机的重心与紧固点的线和在无紧固点的情况下向电动机因发动机的振动而产生振动的方向延伸的线相交叉。

Description

车辆的动力装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种至少搭载发动机的车辆的动力装置。
背景技术
作为这种车辆，目前公知的是例如专利文献1记载的车辆。该车辆是具备发动机和电动机作为动力装置，发动机经由无级变速器与驱动轮结合，电动机总是与该驱动轮结合的型式的车辆。在该车辆中，仅仅将电动机悬臂支承于无级变速箱而不能确保充分的支承，因此，如专利文献1的图3所示，通过支承部件(以下，记为角撑板)将电动机的外壳和发动机组连接，由此而支承电动机。
专利文献1:(日本)专利第3584680号公报
但是，对上述结构产生的振动特性进行了潜心研究，结果发现如下新的课题，即，当不精心地配置角撑板时，发动机振动引起的电动机的振动就会经由角撑板再次传递到发动机组，由此，动力装置整体的振动就会增加。
发明内容
本发明着眼于上述课题，其目的在于，提供即使发动机的振动传递到电动机，也可抑制动力装置整体的振动增大的车辆的动力装置。
为了实现该目的，本发明的车辆的动力装置具备安装在被安装于发动机的变速器外壳的发动机侧，并且经由紧固点与发动机连结的电动机，从发动机的曲轴方向观察，连结电动机的重心与紧固点的线和向在无紧固点的情况下电动机因发动机的振动而振动的方向延伸的线相交叉。
因此，在电动机振动时，可将无紧固点时的直线运动转换为以紧固点为中心的摆动运动，通过分散从电动机经由紧固点输入到发动机侧的力，能够抑制动力装置整体的振动。
附图说明
图1是表示搭载实施例1的动力装置的混合车辆的驱动系及其整体控制系统的概略系统图；
图2是表示车载实施例1的车辆的动力装置的状态的概略立体图；
图3是表示实施例1的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图；
图4是表示比较例的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图；
图5是在比较例的情况下产生发动机振动时的动力装置的振动状态的概略俯视图；
图6是表示在实施例1的车辆的动力装置中产生振动时的振动的情形的侧视图；
图7是表示在实施例1的车辆的动力装置中产生振动时的力的侧视图；
图8是用于说明实施例1的第一线和第二线的位置关系的概略侧视图；
图9是表示实施例2的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图；
图10是表示在实施例2的车辆的动力装置中产生振动时的力的俯视图。
符号说明
1 发动机(动力源)
1a 缸体
1b 曲轴箱
2 电动机(动力源)
2a 电动机外壳
3 起动电动机
4 V型带式无级变速器
4a 变速器外壳
4a1 伸出部
4a2 发动机安装面
5 驱动轮
30 角撑板
01 曲轴
02 电动机旋转轴
03 紧固点
CL 离合器
EB 发动机组
TR 转矩杆
M1、M2 安装架
具体实施方式
(实施例1)
图1是表示具备实施例1的车辆的动力装置的混合车辆的驱动系及其整体控制系统的概略系统图。图1的混合车辆搭载发动机1及电动机2作为动力源，发动机1由起动电动机3起动。发动机1经由V型带式无级变速器4与驱动轮5可适当切断地驱动结合，V型带式无级变速器4的概要如以下进行说明。
V型带式无级变速器4是由变速机构构成的无级变速机构CVT，该变速机构包括：初级带轮6、次级带轮7、卷挂在这些带轮6、7间的V型带8。初级带轮6经由带锁止离合器的液力变矩器T/C与发动机1的输出轴即曲轴结合，次级带轮7依次经由离合器CL及终端齿轮组9与驱动轮5结合。
因此，在离合器CL的联接状态下，来自发动机1的动力经过液力变矩器T/C向初级带轮6输入，之后，依次经过V型带8、次级带轮7、离合器CL及终端齿轮组9传到驱动轮5，供混合车辆的行驶。
电动机2经由终端齿轮组11总是与驱动轮5结合，该电动机2利用蓄电池12的电力经由逆变器13进行驱动。
逆变器13将蓄电池12的直流电力变换为交流电力并向电动机2供给，并且通过增减对电动机2的供给电力，对电动机2进行驱动力控制及旋转方向控制。
另外，电动机2除上述的电动机驱动外，还作为发电机发挥功能，也供给后面详述的再生制动之用。该再生制动时，逆变器13对电动机2施加再生制动力部分的发电负荷，由此，使电动机2作为发电机发挥作用，将电动机2的发电电力存蓄于蓄电池12中。
实施例1的混合车辆通过在释放离合器CL并且使发动机1停止的状态下驱动电动机2，仅电动机2的动力经过终端齿轮组11传递到驱动轮5，以仅通过电动机2的电动行驶模式(EV模式)进行行驶。其间，因释放了离合器CL，所以不会带动停止状态的发动机1一起旋转，抑制EV行驶中徒劳的电力消耗。
若在上述的EV行驶状态下使发动机1通过起动电动机3起动，并且使离合器CL联接，则来自发动机1的动力依次经过液力变矩器T/C、初级带轮6、V型带8、次级带轮7、离合器CL及终端齿轮组9传递到驱动轮5，混合车辆以发动机1及电动机2的混合行驶模式(HEV模式)进行行驶。
使混合车辆从上述行驶状态停车或保持在该停车状态时，通过制动钳15对与驱动轮5一起旋转的制动盘14进行夹压制动而达到目的。制动钳15响应驾驶员踩踏的制动踏板16的踏力而动作，与主缸18连接，该主缸18在负压式制动增力器17的增力下输出与制动踏板踏力对应的制动液压，在该制动液压下使制动钳15动作，进行制动盘14的制动。混合车辆在EV模式及HEV模式中的任一个模式下，都以与驾驶员踩踏加速踏板19指令的驱动力指令对应转矩驱动车轮5，保持与驾驶员的请求对应的驱动力来行驶。
混合控制器21分别进行：混合车辆的行驶模式选择、发动机1的输出控制、电动机2的旋转方向控制及输出控制、无级变速器4的变速控制、离合器CL的联接、释放控制、蓄电池12的充放电控制。这时，混合控制器21经由对应的发动机控制器22、电动机控制器23、变速器控制器24、及蓄电池控制器25进行这些控制。
因此，向混合控制器21输入来自踩踏制动踏板16的制动时从断开(OFF)切换为接通(ON)的常开开关即制动开关26的信号、来自检测加速踏板踩踏量(加速开度)APO的加速开度传感器27的信号。混合控制器21还在发动机控制器22、电动机控制器23、变速器控制器24、及蓄电池控制器25之间进行内部信息的互换。
发动机控制器22响应来自混合控制器21的指令，对发动机1进行输出控制，电动机控制器23响应来自混合控制器21的指令，经由逆变器13进行电动机2的旋转方向控制及输出控制。变速器控制器24响应来自混合控制器21的指令，将来自发动机驱动的油泵O/P的油作为媒介体，进行无级变速器4(V型带式无级变速机构CVT)的变速控制及离合器CL的联接、释放控制。蓄电池控制器25响应来自混合控制器21的指令，进行蓄电池12的充放电控制。
图2是表示车载实施例1的车辆的动力装置的状态的概略立体图。另外，省略驱动轴等的记载。以下，将发动机1、无级变速器4、电动机2作为一个动力装置进行说明。
动力装置按照具有设置于比动力装置的重心更靠上方且悬架动力装置的安装架M1、M2、和设置于动力装置的重心的下方限制动力装置的车辆前后方向的移动的转矩杆TR的摆动式安装架支承，实现抑制从动力装置向车身的振动传递、和改善行驶时乘坐的感觉这两者。以下，将x方向定义为车辆前后方向，将y方向定义为车宽方向，将z方向定义为车辆上下方向进行说明。另外，也可以通过其它方式支承动力装置，只要发动机1和无级变速器4和电动机2的相对位置关系相同即可。
发动机1具有由内部形成有气缸室的缸体1a、收装曲轴的曲轴箱1b构成的发动机组EB。在发动机组EB的y方向左侧安装有内部收装无级变速器4的变速器外壳4a。变速器外壳4a具有从y方向观察，从发动机组向径向外侧伸出的伸出部4a1，在该伸出部4a1的发动机安装面4a2安装有电动机2。即，在发动机安装面4a2安装有发动机1和电动机2。
电动机2的电动机旋转轴O2与发动机1的曲轴O1平行配置。电动机2具有内部收纳定子及转子的圆筒状的电动机外壳2a。电动机外壳2a组装于变速器外壳4a的发动机安装面4a2。在此，电动机2的大小与通常的辅机类相比，为非常大型的结构，相对于变速器外壳4a难以悬臂地支承。在此，在电动机外壳2a和发动机组EB(曲轴箱1b)之间设有加强连接部件即角撑板30。角撑板30和发动机组EB的连结部即紧固点03通过螺栓等连结，如后述，成为电动机外壳2a摆动时的摆动支点。电动机2成为变速器外壳4a和角撑板30的两端支承机构，抑制振动的产生。
以下，在说明实施例1的动力装置的结构时，与比较例对比进行说明。图3是表示实施例1的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图。图4是表示比较例的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图。图3(a)及图4(a)是从z方向观察的俯视图，图3(b)及图4(b)是从y方向观察的侧视图。比较例除紧固点O3的位置位于比实施例1靠上方以外，其它与实施例1相同。另外，含有角撑板30的电动机2的重心点大体位于电动机旋转轴O2上。
如图3(b)所示，从y方向(发动机1的曲轴O1方向)观察，将连结电动机2的重心和紧固点O3的线设为向A方向延伸的第一线p1，将连结电动机2的重心和比较例的紧固点O3的线定义为向B方向延伸的第二线p2。在此，所谓B方向，是在假如没有设置角撑板30而是悬臂地支承电动机2的情况下，电动机2因发动机1的振动而产生最大振动的方向，一般情况下，车辆前后方向的成分大。在此，定义安装架M1、M2产生的车辆前后方向的振动方向为E方向。另外，认为B方向和E方向是大致相同的方向，但认为若干方向由于各种设计参数不同而不同，并没有特别地限定。
当产生车辆前后方向的振动时，在支承动力装置的安装架M1、M2上也产生前后方向的振动，这作为驾驶员的不适感，灵敏度高。在比较例中，为了有效地进行这样对电动机2振动最大的方向的限制，将紧固点03设置于向B方向延伸的第二线p2上。
但是，在比较例的情况下，对于在产生振动的情况下作为动力装置整体产生什么样的振动，发明人进行了专心地研究，结果得到与预想相反的结果。图5是表示在比较例的情况下产生发动机振动时的动力装置的振动状态的概略俯视图。如上所述，当电动机2悬臂支承时，在B方向产生大幅振动，所以在电动机2和发动机1之间设置角撑板30，将紧固点O3配置于第二线p2上。该情况下，可知因电动机2的振动而产生的力的大半部分往往会经由角撑板30输入到发动机组。掌握的情况是，因该输入，发动机组会挠曲，成为动力装置作为整体产生大幅振动的结果，不能将振动抑制在适当的水平。
于是，在实施例1中，构成为，变更紧固点O3的位置，第一线p1和第二线p2保持角度α(第一角度)而交叉。以下，对作用进行说明。图6是表示实施例1的车辆的动力装置上产生了振动时的振动的情形的侧视图，图7是表示实施例1的车辆的动力装置产生了振动时的力的侧视图。因发动机振动，电动机2在B方向振动。这时，第一线p1和第二线p2、紧固点O3保持角度α而交叉，因此，电动机2向B方向的运动成为以紧固点O3为支点的摆动运动，进行图6的C方向所示的摆动运动。
即，如图7(a)所示，因振动，从电动机2经由角撑板30输入到发动机组EB的A方向的力，若着眼于安装架M1时，则分散为E方向成分和F方向成分。因此，抑制了前后方向的振动，并且，就上下方向的振动而言，作为驾驶员的不适感，灵敏度低，因此不会识别为振动的恶化。另外，如图7(b)所示，作为动力装置观察时，电动机2以紧固点O3为中心摆动，由此可吸收相互的振动，抑制向发动机组EB侧传递的力，可以避免作为动力装置整体的振动增大的情况。
接着，对以使第一线p1从第二线p2起通过曲轴O1侧的方式设定角度α这一点进行说明。图8是用于说明实施例1的第一线和第二线的位置关系的概略侧视图。图8(a)表示实施例1的位置关系，图8(b)表示第二比较例的位置关系。在第二比较例中，以使第一线p1从第二线p2起通过曲轴01的相反侧的方式设定角度α。该情况下，如图8(b)所示，发动机组EB振动时的起震源是绕曲轴01的滚转运动，从曲轴01离开距离的缸体1a与曲轴箱1b相比，以曲轴01为中心进行摆动，因此易大幅地振动。将这时的缸体1a的振动方向定义为J。
该状态下，若将角撑板30的紧固点03以从第二线p2起通过曲轴01的相反侧的方式设定，换句话说，设置于与缸体1a近的位置，则缸体1a的振动方向J和第一线p1所成的角度变小，难以将在其与电动机外壳2a之间产生的振动的力分散。因此，实施例1中，以振动方向J和第一线p1所成的角度增大的方式，将角撑板30的紧固点03以从第二线p2起通过曲轴01侧的方式进行设定，以使在其和电动机外壳2a之间产生的振动的力分散。
如以上说明，在实施例1中得到下述列举的作用效果。
(1)具备：发动机1；无级变速器4(变速器)，其安装于发动机1，收装于变速器外壳4a内；电动机2(电动机)，其安装于发动机安装面4a2(变速器外壳4a的发动机1侧)，并且经由紧固点03与发动机1连结，从发动机1的曲轴01方向观察，连结含有角撑板30的电动机2(电动机)的重心与紧固点03的第一线p1和从包含角撑板30的电动机2(电动机)的重心向在无紧固点03的情况下电动机2因发动机1的振动而振动的B方向延伸的第二线p2保持角度α(第一角度)而交叉。
因此，电动机2以紧固点03为中心摆动，从而可吸收发动机1和电动机2彼此的振动，抑制向发动机1侧传递的力，可以避免作为动力装置整体的振动的增大。
(2)第一线p1从第二线p2起通过曲轴01侧。
因此，可增大第二线p2和发动机组EB的主要是缸体1a的振动方向J所成的角度，能够将在其和电动机外壳2a之间产生的振动的力分散。
(3)车辆是可通过电动机2输出驱动力的混合车辆。
因此，可以提供在将可确保驱动力的大型的电动机搭载于变速器外壳4a时，通过对角撑板30的紧固点03进行下功夫研究，从而抑制振动的动力装置。特别是搭载于与曲轴01不同的轴上，从电动机2向驱动轮赋予驱动力的构成的情况下，可以容易地搭载电动机2。
(4)动力装置通过具有比动力装置的重心更靠上方的安装架M1、M2和在动力装置的重心的下方与车身连结的转矩杆TR的摆动方式来支承。
即，通过摆动方式进行支承，抑制曲轴01产生的滚转运动引起的振动向车身侧的传递，实现行驶时的乘坐感觉的改善。这时，因车辆前后方向的成分产生的振动，电动机2容易振动，但通过第一线p1和第二线p2交叉，可以抑制作为动力装置整体的振动。
(实施例2)
接着，对实施例2进行说明。由于基本的构成与实施例1相同，因此仅对不同的点进行说明。图9是表示实施例2的车辆的动力装置的概略的示意图。图9(a)是从z方向观察的俯视图，图9(b)是从y方向观察的侧视图。实施例1中，从z方向观察时，角撑板30相对于曲轴01(或电动机旋转轴02)垂直地设置。与此相对，在实施例2中，构成上的不同点如下，即，从z方向观察时，第一线p1和与曲轴01正交并且包含电动机2的重心的平面F保持比角度α小的角度β而交叉。
在此，关于从y方向观察时的振动的作用，与实施例1基本上相同，所以对从z方向观察时的作用进行详述。图10是表示实施例2的车辆的动力装置产生了振动时的力的俯视图。在俯视图中，将第一线p1延伸的方向定义为G方向。
因发动机振动，电动机2欲向B方向(在平面F内的振动)振动。此时，由于第一线p1保持角度β与平面F交叉，所以电动机2向B方向的运动被分散到G方向和电动机旋转轴02方向。因此，可以抑制向发动机组EB的振动引起的输入。
但是，理想的是，角度β比角度α小。即，若第一线p1保持角度β，则在变速器外壳4a的发动机安装面4a2，作用电动机旋转轴02方向的力，并且经由发动机组EB作用与曲轴01正交的方向的力。这样一来，有可能产生发动机组EB向变速器外壳4a倒下的振动。具体而言，是因为在曲轴01和发动机安装面4a2之间产生图10的箭头H所示的振动，由此，若安装架M1中的前后方向振动E增大，则特别是前后方向的振动不能被充分抑制。
如以上说明，在实施例2中，能够得到下述的作用效果。
(5)第一线p1和与发动机1的曲轴01正交并且包含电动机2的重心的平面F保持比角度α小的角度β(第二角度)而交叉。
即，通过第一线p1和平面F保持角度β而交叉，可以分散经由角撑板30向发动机组EB输入的振动，特别是可以抑制对于车辆前后方向的振动。另外，通过设定比角度α小的角度β，能够抑制发动机组EB向变速器外壳4a倒下那样的振动，可以避免过剩的分散引起的、特别是车辆前后方向的振动的恶化。
以上，基于各实施例对本发明进行了说明，但不限于上述构成，其它构成也包含于本发明。
例如，在实施例中，表示了搭载有混合车辆的电动机2的例子，但即使是搭载向设置于其它轮上的电动机供给驱动电流的大型发电机的情况，同样可以适用。另外，表示了电动机的例子，但在设有作为4轮驱动单元的分动器时，也可以适用本发明。
另外，在实施例1中，将角撑板30设置于电动机旋转轴02上，且比电动机2的重心更靠外侧(变速器外壳4a的相反侧)，但也可以设置于电动机旋转轴02上，且与重心一致的位置。
另外，在实施例1的混合车辆中，表示了搭载有无级变速器4的例子，但不限于无级变速器4，也可以是其它有级变速器。另外，也可以代替离合器CL，搭载由多个摩擦联接元件构成的行星齿轮机构，搭载可适当变速的副变速装置。
进而，在实施例中表示了通过起动电动机3进行发动机再起动的构成，但也可以是其它构成。具体而言，近年来，带怠速停止功能车辆中，将交流发电机置换为电动发电机，通过在该电动发电机上增加交流发电机功能并增加发动机起动功能，在从怠速停止的发动机再起动时，不用起动电动机，而是通过该电动发电机进行发动机再起动的技术正在被实际应用。本申请发明也可以采用通过如上所述的电动发电机进行发动机再起动的构成。

Claims (4)

1.一种车辆的动力装置，其特征在于，具备：
发动机；
变速器，其安装于所述发动机上，并收装于变速器外壳；
电动机，其安装于所述变速器外壳的所述发动机侧，经由紧固点与所述发动机连结，
从所述发动机的曲轴方向观察，连结所述电动机的重心与所述紧固点的第一线和从所述电动机的重心向在无所述紧固点的情况下所述电动机因所述发动机的振动而产生最大振动的方向延伸的第二线保持第一角度而交叉。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆的动力装置，其特征在于，
所述第一线和与所述发动机的曲轴正交并且包含所述电动机的重心的平面保持比90度小的规定角度而交叉。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的车辆的动力装置，其特征在于，
所述车辆是可通过所述电动机输出驱动力的混合车辆。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的车辆的动力装置，其特征在于，
所述动力装置通过具有动力装置的重心的上方的安装架和在动力装置的重心的下方与车身连结的转矩杆的摆动方式来支承。
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