CN104718983B - A kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus - Google Patents

A kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus Download PDF

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CN104718983B
CN104718983B CN201510102436.6A CN201510102436A CN104718983B CN 104718983 B CN104718983 B CN 104718983B CN 201510102436 A CN201510102436 A CN 201510102436A CN 104718983 B CN104718983 B CN 104718983B
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decoction
radix bupleuri
umbellate pore
pore furgus
culture medium
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CN104718983A (en
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杨劝生
张宗舟
蒲秀峰
陈玺
赵举
蔺新雅
张盼盼
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GANSU TIANSHUI QIHUANG PHARMACEUTICAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus, specifically implements according to following steps:Umbellate pore furgus parent species are used plus rich PDA culture medium is tamed;Original seed is tamed;Level-one cultigen is tamed;Two level cultigen is tamed.The present invention carries out nutrients domestication to umbellate pore furgus parent species, makes it suitable for growing on dregs of a decoction generation material, the speed of growth is fast, and quality is good, can full artificial cultivation.This acclimation method, can save substantial amounts of oak timber, reduce the destruction to forest brought by umbellate pore furgus cultivation, and can reduce the pollution of environment, can bring larger economic benefit, ecological benefits.

Description

A kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus
Technical field
The invention belongs to strain improvement technical field, and in particular to a kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus.
Background technology
Chinese medicine slag refers to Chinese medicine residue remaining after the extraction of certain solvent.Water content is higher, and contains certain nutrition Component and drug effect, it is easily corrupt, serious pollution can be caused to environment.The mode of Chinese medicine Slag treatment mainly include landfill, burn, Determine area's stacking etc., not only exhaust substantial amounts of fund, but also cause the waste of resource and serious environmental pollution.Chinese medicine mostly by The root of plant, stem, leaf, flower, fruit, it contain abundant organic matter and inorganic matter, often contain in the dregs of a decoction after effective component extracting There are a certain amount of active ingredient and substantial amounts of crude fibre, lignin, crude fat, starch, Thick many candies, crude protein, amino acid, biology The nutritional ingredients such as alkali and various trace elements.The dregs of a decoction are different, and the main chemical compositions of the dregs of a decoction are also variant.
Umbellate pore furgus [Polyponus umbellatus Fr.] belongs to Basidiomycetes fungi, is mainly used as medicine with its sclerotium, collection green, Safety, prevention, health care, treatment are in China's Precious, Rare, Endangered fungi medicinal material of one.Effective ingredient is grifola polysaccharide, ergosterol, Polysaccharide etc., its pharmacological property are sweet in flavor, mild-natured;Returns spleen, kidney, bladder warp;There are dehumidifying diuresis, anti-aging, antitumor and other effects.It is modern Medical research show umbellate pore furgus have improve the immunity of the human body, antitumaous effect.With the raising of human life quality, integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, Medicine food is shared, and the demand of umbellate pore furgus is continuously increased, and wild excavation and semi-artificial plantation, far can not meet domestic and international pharmacy corporation Demand.Umbellate pore furgus growth is peculiar, and the nutrition of general umbellate pore furgus is provided by fungal component-halimasch, umbellate pore furgus mycelia in growth course, In order to resist poor environment or be formed sclerotium by environmental stimuli.Semi-artificial cultivation is using substantial amounts of oak as raw material, is connect at the same time Kind of halimasch and the oak bacterium material of umbellate pore furgus, harvest for 3~4 years, that is to say, that umbellate pore furgus Semi-artificial cultivation be using destroy a large amount of forests as Cost, benefit are relatively low.
Annual waste residue of Chinese herbs and agricultural crop straw yield are quite big.China is the place of origin of Chinese medicine processing and utilization, its Industry is also the pillar industry of China's economic development, has the substantial amounts of dregs of a decoction to produce in Chinese medicine process every year, as discarded object, Environment is easily influenced, increases production cost and processing cost, and cause the wasting of resources.Chinese medicine slag only in sky and water Qi Huang Pharma Inc.s, Annual yield is more than 1500 tons.
With the rare large-scale medicinal fungi-umbellate pore furgus of the full artificial cultivation of these discarded objects, reduce because forest is broken in umbellate pore furgus cultivation It is bad, huge economic benefit can be brought.It is but very difficult with these discarded objects cultivation umbellate pore furgus.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome disadvantage mentioned above, the present invention provides a kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is a kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus, specifically according to following Step is implemented:
Step 1, umbellate pore furgus parent species are used plus rich PDA culture medium is tamed;With adding rich PDA culture medium to expand numerous parent species, with the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction Nutrient solution replace PDA culture medium manufacturing process in tap water, sterilizing, manufactured slant medium cry plus richness PDA culture medium, nothing The umbellate pore furgus parent species of purchase are accessed under bacterium, 25~26 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days;
Step 2, original seed domestication,
Umbellate pore furgus pedigree seed culture medium is formulated with niblet and radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction crushed material;24 are soaked in water with niblet Hour, water is removed in leaching, and Chinese medicine ground-slag is admixed and is fitted into seed bottle, when 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 are small, is inoculated with what is tamed under aseptic condition Parent species, put 22~24 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, the original seed tamed;
Step 3, level-one cultigen domestication, the original seed tamed with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium, it is sterile under in radix bupleuri medicine The original seed tamed is accessed in slag culture medium, 22~24 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days, obtain level-one cultigen;
Step 4, the domestication of two level cultigen, tame level-one cultigen, in radix bupleuri under aseptic condition with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium Level-one cultigen is accessed in dregs of a decoction culture medium, 22~24 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days, obtain two level cultigen;
Step 5, harvest, two level cultigen is inoculated with and cultivated, sclerotia is largely formed, and is initially white, mid-term is Brown, later stage are black, stop growing, are harvested, and remove umbellate pore furgus, are dried under the sun, are finished product umbellate pore furgus.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Add rich PDA culture medium for 200 grams of potato, 20 grams of white sugar, 20 grams of agar, 1000 milliliters of radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution.
Radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution is made by following manner:40 grams of butt radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction are weighed, are cooked 20 minutes, filtering, 1000 milliliters are settled to, obtains radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution.
The mass ratio of radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction powder and the niblet after immersion is 1 in step 2:5.
Radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium in step 3 and 4 is made by following manner:It is 4 according to mass ratio:6 weigh radix bupleuri medicine Slag and oak sawdust, will mix Chinese medicine slag and oak sawdust thoroughly, add water to water content 50%, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 Hour, radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention carries out nutrients domestication to umbellate pore furgus parent species, makes it suitable for dregs of a decoction generation material Upper growth, the speed of growth is fast, and quality is good, can full artificial cultivation.This acclimation method, can save substantial amounts of oak wood Material, reduces the destruction to forest brought by umbellate pore furgus cultivation, and can reduce the pollution of environment, can bring larger economic effect Benefit, ecological benefits.
The generation material of main research and utilization umbellate pore furgus cultivation of the invention carries out nutrition domestication to umbellate pore furgus strain, for the place in material nutrient source Reason, for the adding proportion in material nutrient source, for material nutrient source to tamed strain algebraically etc., by umbellate pore furgus strain for material nutrient source Domestication, makes it be suitable for new culture material, obtains quick, high yield, high-quality, the economic benefit of raising umbellate pore furgus cultivation.In cultivation generation Material, for material processing, cultivation condition it is identical when, the speed of growth using the full artificial cultivation of umbellate pore furgus strain of domestication compares Semi-artificial cultivation More than 2 times can be improved, more than 3 times of output increased.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus, specifically implements according to following steps:
Step 1, umbellate pore furgus parent species are used plus rich PDA culture medium is tamed;With adding rich PDA culture medium (200 grams of potato, white sugar 20 Gram, 20 grams of agar, 1000 milliliters of radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution) expand numerous parent species, wherein, weigh 40 grams of butt radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction, cook 20 Minute, filtering, is settled to 1000 milliliters, replaces the tap water in PDA culture medium manufacturing process with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution, goes out Bacterium, for manufactured slant medium rich PDA culture medium is added, the umbellate pore furgus parent species of sterile lower access purchase, put 25~26 DEG C of cultures 40 My god;
Step 2, original seed domestication;Umbellate pore furgus pedigree seed culture medium is formulated with niblet and radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction crushed material;With jade The grain of rice soak in water 24 it is small when, leaching remove water, radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction powder is admixed and is fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C sterilize 1 it is small when, it is sterile Under the conditions of be inoculated with the parent species tamed, put 22~24 DEG C cultivate 40 days;Wherein, the quality of Chinese medicine ground-slag and the niblet after immersion Than for 1:5, the original seed tamed;
Step 3, the domestication of level-one cultigen, the original seed tamed with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium, prepares the training of the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction Base is supported, is 4 according to mass ratio:6 weigh the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction and oak sawdust, will mix Chinese medicine slag and oak sawdust thoroughly, add water to aqueous Amount 50%, is fitted into seed bottle, when 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 are small, it is sterile it is lower access the original seed tamed, put 22~24 DEG C of cultures 40 days, Obtain level-one cultigen;
Step 4, the domestication of two level cultigen, tame level-one cultigen with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium, prepare radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture Base, is 4 according to mass ratio:6 weigh the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction and oak sawdust, will mix Chinese medicine slag and oak sawdust thoroughly, add water to water content 50%, it is fitted into seed bottle, when 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 are small, sterile lower access level-one cultigen, puts 22~24 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, obtain Two level cultigen;
Step 5, harvest, two level cultigen is inoculated with and cultivated, sclerotia is largely formed, and is initially white, mid-term is Brown, later stage are black, stop growing, are harvested, and remove umbellate pore furgus, are dried under the sun, are finished product umbellate pore furgus.
Illustrate the technique effect of the present invention with reference to the strain domestication process of specific artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus:
The dregs of a decoction of experiment Angelica sinensis, radix astragali and radix bupleuri are tested by four factors, four horizontal quadrature and determine domestication scheme.Four because Element refers to parent species plus rich PDA culture medium proportioning (A), pedigree seed culture medium proportioning (B), level-one Cultivar culture medium proportioning (C), two level Cultivar culture medium matches (D), and the additive amount that four levels refer to every kind of culture medium Chinese medicine slag is horizontal, such as table 1.
1 four factor of table four is horizontal
Chinese medicine slag dosage is horizontal A B C D
1 20 grams 20% 30% 50%
2 40 grams 30% 40% 60%
3 60 grams 40% 50% 70%
4 80 grams 50% 60% 80%
1. add rich PDA culture medium (A):200 grams of potato, 20 grams of white sugar, 20 grams of agar, 1000 milliliters of dregs of a decoction nutrient solution, PH is natural.Dregs of a decoction nutrient solution refer to weigh 20 grams of the dregs of a decoction (dry), 40 grams, 60 grams, 80 grams, formed four horizontal, cooked 20 minutes respectively, Filtering, is settled to 1000 milliliters, replaces the tap water in PDA culture medium manufacturing process with nutrient solution, prepares, sterilizing, is put into tiltedly Face, for parent species plus rich PDA culture medium.The umbellate pore furgus parent species of sterile lower access purchase, put 25~26 DEG C and cultivate 40 days.
2. umbellate pore furgus pedigree seed culture medium matches (B):Umbellate pore furgus pedigree seed culture medium is formulated with niblet and dregs of a decoction crushed material, 20% Chinese medicine slag refers to 80% niblet:20% Chinese medicine slag.30% Chinese medicine slag refers to 70% niblet:30% Chinese medicine slag, the rest may be inferred by analogy.It is beautiful The grain of rice soak in water 24 it is small when, water is removed in leaching, and Chinese medicine ground-slag is admixed, and bottles, and sterilizing, is inoculated with the parent species tamed.Put 22~ 24 DEG C are cultivated 40 days.
3. Cultivar culture medium matches:Cultivar culture medium is formulated with oak sawdust and dregs of a decoction crushed material.30% The dregs of a decoction refer to 30% Chinese medicine slag:70% oak sawdust;40% dregs of a decoction refer to 40% Chinese medicine slag:60% oak sawdust, the rest may be inferred by analogy.Form Four levels of level-one cultigen, are that water content 50% is added water to after mixing thoroughly respectively, are bottled, and sterilizing, level-one cultigen is inoculated with The original seed of domestication, the level-one cultigen that the inoculation of two level cultigen has been tamed.22~24 DEG C are put to cultivate 40 days.
4. control medium:Parent species PDA culture medium;The full maize culture medium of original seed;Cultigen with 80% oak Sawdust:20% wheat bran medium.The conditions such as cultivation generation material, culturing raw material processing, sterilizing, inoculation, culture, incubation time are complete It is identical.
5. cultural method:Cultural method is just the same, with corresponding Chinese medicine slag, after claiming sample, with equivalent water immersion 24 it is small when, Its water is drenched, dress sack (50 kilograms every bag) sterilizes.130 DEG C of temperature is only required in sterilizing, 1 it is small when.Discharge postcooling.Sterile Under the conditions of, the box inoculation of frame, culture.3 kilograms of siccative on each frame case.22~24 DEG C of cultivation temperature.Humid control exists between culture 75~80%.
6. statistical method:This experiment is tested using radix astragali, Angelica sinensis, the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction as culturing raw material, and result of the test is more It is close.Statistical method, is counted, unit millimeter for 30 days after mycelia cultivation.Sclerotium yield counts for 150 days after cultivation, also It is to be basically completed a cultivation period, unit of gram.30 days after control inoculation, mycelia just sprouts, and growing way is poor, color ash, no pig Siberian cocklebur sclerotium produces.Growing way is all preferable after the strain inoculation of training, and color is white, healthy and strong.Nature Semi-artificial cultivation, 1 year is statistics Unit, the annual average production 11mm of mycelial growth, sclerotium is per annual increment (every 3 kilograms of seasoned woods) about 500 grams of fresh weight, and radix bupleuri The orthogonal experiments such as table 2 of dregs of a decoction domestication.
Orthogonal experiments (the L of the 2 radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction of table domestication1644)
7. interpretation of result:Umbellate pore furgus strain is tamed with the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction, from mother culture media to pedigree seed culture medium, is cultivated to level-one Kind culture medium, to the orthogonal experiments of the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction domestication result of two level Cultivar culture medium:Growth speed of a from mycelia Degree, K1, K2 of sclerotia determination of yield illustrate that addition radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution is particularly significant in mother culture media, mycelia Very poor to reach 20.8mm, the very poor of sclerotia yield reaches 1024.3 grams.B illustrates from range analysis, level-one cultigen culture The acclimation of base is minimum, and very poor mycelial growth is 1.5mm, and very poor sclerotia is 147.5 grams.C overall test results are examinations 5# is tested, the effect of A2B1C2D3 is best, that is, in four factors, adds 40 grams of radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction in parent species plus rich PDA culture medium;It is former Add the 20% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction in kind culture medium;Add the 40% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction in level-one Cultivar culture medium;In two level Cultivar culture medium Add 60% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction effect best.D mycelial growth rates and sclerotium yield are all higher by 2~3 times than Semi-artificial cultivation.
8. strain used in is in Shaanxi and the widely used umbellate pore furgus of Longnan of Gansu Province from the purchase of Shaanxi Yang County rhizoma Gastrodiae research institute Parent species, are tamed and amount reproduction is used to cultivate.
First, in parent species plus rich PDA culture medium plus in 40 grams of the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction, pedigree seed culture mediums plus the 20% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction, Add 60% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction effect best in level-one Cultivar culture medium plus in the 40% radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction, two level Cultivar culture medium.Bacterium The silk speed of growth and sclerotium yield are all higher by 2~3 times than Semi-artificial cultivation.Production cost is greatly reduced, and can be protected gloomy Woods, yield is high, growth is fast, can bring larger economic benefit, ecological benefits.Second, it is more with this umbellate pore furgus strain nutrients Level acclimatization technology, has overthrown and had thought the theory that umbellate pore furgus must could grow with halimasch symbiosis originally, overcome technology prejudice.The Three, open the beginning for the full artificial cultivation of umbellate pore furgus.4th, based on taming umbellate pore furgus strain technology, Chinese medicine slag or agriculture can be utilized Byproduct leftover bits and pieces cultivates umbellate pore furgus.

Claims (4)

  1. A kind of 1. strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus, it is characterised in that specifically implement according to following steps:
    Step 1, umbellate pore furgus parent species are used plus rich PDA culture medium is tamed;With adding rich PDA culture medium to expand numerous parent species, with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrition Liquid replace PDA culture medium manufacturing process in tap water, sterilizing, manufactured slant medium cry plus richness PDA culture medium, under sterile The umbellate pore furgus parent species of purchase are accessed, 25~26 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days;
    Step 2, original seed domestication,
    Umbellate pore furgus pedigree seed culture medium is formulated with niblet and radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction crushed material;It is small to soak 24 in water with niblet When, water is removed in leaching, and Chinese medicine ground-slag is admixed and is fitted into seed bottle, and when 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 are small, the mother tamed is inoculated with aseptic condition Kind, put 22~24 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, the original seed tamed;
    Step 3, the domestication of level-one cultigen, the original seed tamed with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium, is trained under sterile in the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction Support in base and access the original seed tamed, put 22~24 DEG C and cultivate 40 days, obtain level-one cultigen;
    Step 4, the domestication of two level cultigen, tame level-one cultigen, in the radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction under aseptic condition with radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium Level-one cultigen is accessed in culture medium, 22~24 DEG C is put and cultivates 40 days, obtain two level cultigen;
    Step 5, harvest, two level cultigen is inoculated with and cultivated, and sclerotia is largely formed, and is initially white, and mid-term is brown, Later stage is black, is stopped growing, and is harvested, and removes umbellate pore furgus, is dried under the sun, is finished product umbellate pore furgus;
    Radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium in the step 3 and 4 is made by following manner:It is 4 according to mass ratio:6 weigh radix bupleuri medicine Slag and oak sawdust, will mix Chinese medicine slag and oak sawdust thoroughly, add water to water content 50%, be fitted into seed bottle, 121 DEG C of sterilizings 1 Hour, radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction culture medium is prepared.
  2. 2. the strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described plus richness PDA trainings Base is supported as 200 grams of potato, 20 grams of white sugar, 20 grams of agar, 1000 milliliters of radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution.
  3. 3. the strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the radix bupleuri medicine Slag nutrient solution is made by following manner:40 grams of butt radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction are weighed, are cooked 20 minutes, filtering, is settled to 1000 milliliters, Obtain radix bupleuri dregs of a decoction nutrient solution.
  4. 4. the strain domestication method of artificial cultivation umbellate pore furgus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that bavin in the step 2 The mass ratio of Hu dregs of a decoction powder and the niblet after immersion is 1:5.
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CN106070782A (en) * 2016-06-12 2016-11-09 葛萃萃 A kind of umbellate pore furgus hypha fermentation tea and processing method thereof
CN106718027B (en) * 2016-11-29 2019-08-30 天水师范学院 The full artificial cultivation technique of umbellate pore furgus
CN109496685A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-22 贾仲勇 A kind of cultural method of umbellate pore furgus
CN112840949B (en) * 2021-01-25 2022-05-27 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 Artificial cultivation method of polyporus umbellatus
CN113179852A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-30 山东中泰药业有限公司 A method for cultivating Ganoderma with Chinese medicinal residue

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CN1446451A (en) * 2003-04-02 2003-10-08 杨海晏 Method for preparing grifola fungus seeds
CN100457891C (en) * 2005-07-22 2009-02-04 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 New method for cultivating umbellate pore fungus mycelium to form umbellate pore fungus sclerotium
CN103430768A (en) * 2013-08-02 2013-12-11 洋县新成魔芋菌业科技有限公司 Breeding method for third-degree seeds of grifola shoestring fungus
CN103493683A (en) * 2013-09-17 2014-01-08 陕西理工学院 Grifola high-yield cultivation technology
CN103477870A (en) * 2013-09-20 2014-01-01 略阳县炳臻猪苓种植农民专业合作社 Artificial high yield and high quality polyporus umbellatus cultivation method
CN103922856B (en) * 2014-04-30 2015-09-30 文县中盛农产品有限公司 A kind of cold warm nature matrix for cultivating umbellate pore furgus

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