CN104718960A - Saline-alkali soil oil crop cultivation pattern - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil oil crop cultivation pattern Download PDFInfo
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- CN104718960A CN104718960A CN201510170740.4A CN201510170740A CN104718960A CN 104718960 A CN104718960 A CN 104718960A CN 201510170740 A CN201510170740 A CN 201510170740A CN 104718960 A CN104718960 A CN 104718960A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil oil crop two-quarter cultivation pattern. The saline-alkali soil oil crop two-quarter cultivation pattern includes the following steps that oil crops are planted on land parcels, wherein in the land parcels, the soil salinity ranges from 0.2% to 0.3%, the terrain is flat, the soil fertility is above the average, and fertility is uniform; the crop plants are planted in two quarters a year, sunflowers are sown firstly in the first ten-day period of March, after the sunflowers are harvested in the middle ten-day period of June, ridging is conducted, peanuts are planted, and the peanuts are harvested in the last ten-day period of October; broad irrigation is conducted before sowing operation, and then ridging, mulching and sowing are conducted. By the adoption of the pattern, the oil crops can be continuously cropped in two quarters a year on saline-alkali soil with the soil salinity ranging from 0.2% to 0.3% through the change of the cultivation pattern, high economic benefits are acquired, and the method has important significance in effectively utilizing ever-increasing saline-alkali soil in China and expanding the crop planting area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline land oil crop cultivation mode, belong to technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
China is grease oil plant demand big country, although domestic vegetable seed, peanut and soybean yields are all positioned at prostatitis, the world, the demand of domestic sustainable growth makes China's oil plant and grease import volume increase year by year.Sunflower and peanut are all important oil crop.In recent years, along with China's edible oil demand constantly rises, oil crop cultivated area continuous decrease, the two more and more shows obvious advantage and development potentiality at guarantee China edible vegetable oil supply respect, and the gross yield improving sunflower and peanut is the important channel solving China's oil resource anxiety.The raising of sunflower and peanut gross yield depends on the raising of unit yield and the expansion of cultivated area, but cultivated area expands the contradiction that just must occur striving with cereal crops ground, and this is also affect China oil crop always to produce and increase most distinct issues.One of countermeasure addressed this problem is exactly cultivate New salt-tolerant cultivar, sunflower and peanut is enable to plant in the area that the soil salinization is more serious and reach certain output, this is for the cultivated area expanding oil crop, and the output improving oil crop is significant.
The soil salinization is the serious problems affecting agricultural production and ecotope.Add up China's saline soil area according to the Second National soil survey information of Ministry of Agriculture's tissue to be 5.2 hundred million mu and not comprise coastal tidal.Wherein the 1299.91 ten thousand mu of all kinds of salinization of solonchak 2.4 hundred million mu of alkaline earths, alkali-affected soil are 2.7 hundred million mu.That in 5.2 hundred million mu of saline soil, has opened up wasteland plantation has about 100,000,000 mu.Still there are about 2.6 hundred million mu potential salinization soils in China according to estimates.How making full use of these saline lands is mankind's key subjects in the urgent need to address.
At present report saline land and can plant various plants, as the woody plant of the crops such as beet, spinach, pumpkin and some Salt And Alkali Tolerances.But about less at the report of saline land plantation oil crop, the cultivation mode of especially two seasons oil crop continuous cropping in a year, yet there are no report.
The peanut saline land oil crop cultivation mode of this research invention, according to sunflower and peanut own growth characteristic and growth cycle, adopt the planting patterns of ridging overlay film, in early March to plant a mid-June one season sunflower, mid-June to late October plant one season peanut, within 1 year, achieve two continuous croppings of season oil crop on saline land.
Helianthus is in the oil crop compared with Salt And Alkali Tolerance, and growth cycle is shorter, and germination preference temperature is 18-25 DEG C, and early March sowing sunflower, makes seed sprouting temperature reach 18 DEG C by covering with plastic film.Simultaneously by the sunflower cultivars that plantation is precocious, control sunflower ripe in 90-100 days.The growth cycle of peanut is about 100-150 days, and after gathering in the crops sunflower mid-June, direct ridging film-covering planting peanut, late October gathers in the crops peanut, is that peanut reaches 120-130 days breeding time, is mature on the whole.The application of this cultivation mode can in the saline land of salinity 0.2%-0.3% 1 year plantation two season oil crop, to expansion oil crop cultivated area, improve output, alleviate China's oil resource anxiety significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the planting type of applicable saline land plantation oil crop.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following steps:
At soil salt content 0.2%-0.3%, physical features is smooth, more than soil fertility is medium,
Fertility is planted by uniform plot.1 year plantation two season oil crop, first sows sunflower in early March, gathers in the crops Ridged plant peanut after sunflower mid-June, and late October carries out the results of peanut.
Specifically, described method is as follows: (1), at soil salt content 0.2%-0.3%, physical features is smooth, and more than soil fertility is medium, fertility is planted by uniform plot.(2) in early March sowing sunflower, sunflower uses early-maturing variety.After planting covering with plastic film on ridge, ground film thickness 0.015mm.(3) sunflower was gathered in the crops mid-June, direct Ridged plant peanut after results.Covering with plastic film on ridge after sowing peanut, ground film thickness 0.015mm.(4) peanut was gathered in the crops in late October.
Preferably, the soil salt concentration described in step (1) is at 0.2%-0.3%.
Preferably, step (2) described early March sowing sunflower, mid-June gathers in the crops.
Preferably, the described sunflower of step (2) adopts early-maturing variety.
Preferably, after gathering in the crops sunflower step (3) described mid-June, then ridging mulch sowing peanut.
Preferably, step (4) results peanut of described late October.
Embodiment
In saline land, Wudi, Binzhou, salt content is about on the plot of 0.21%, within 1 year, realizes the continuous cropping of sunflower and peanut.March 7, ridging overlay film on selected plot, was sowed at extremely early mature sunflower cultivars F60 point in soil afterwards.Sunflower germinateed in after planting 7-10 days.Through the growth of 90 days, sunflower reached ripe substantially.June 15, sunflower results were complete, bedder-planter peanut again.Peanut varieties flower is educated No. 33 and was sowed complete June 10, and through the growth of about 130 days, flower was educated No. 33 and is mature on the whole, and seed reaches full, completes results October 25.During results, subtend day certain herbaceous plants with big flowers F60 and peanut flower are educated No. 33 and have been carried out surveying and produce respectively, and after measured, this experiment plot sunflower output is 201.2 thousand grams/acre, and peanut yield is 187.5 thousand grams/acre, every mu of ground can obtain economic benefit 1000 yuan.
Claims (6)
1. a saline land oil crop cultivation mode, be included in soil salt content 0.2%-0.3%, physical features is smooth, more than soil fertility is medium, fertility is planted by uniform plot, sows sunflower March, sunflower uses early-maturing variety, after planting covering with plastic film on ridge, ground film thickness 0.015mm, sunflower was gathered in the crops mid-June, direct Ridged plant peanut after results, covering with plastic film on ridge after sowing peanut, ground film thickness 0.015mm, peanut was gathered in the crops in late October.
2. a kind of saline land according to claim 1 oil crop cultivation mode, it is characterized in that, described soil salt concentration is at 0.2%-0.3%.
3. a kind of saline land according to claim 1 oil crop cultivation mode, is characterized in that, described early March sowing sunflower, ridging film-covering planting.
4. a kind of saline land according to claim 1 oil crop cultivation mode, it is characterized in that, described sunflower is early-maturing variety.
5. a kind of saline land according to claim 1 oil crop cultivation mode, it is characterized in that, described peanut is in ridging film-covering planting mid-June.
6. a kind of saline land according to claim 1 oil crop cultivation mode, it is characterized in that, described peanut was gathered in the crops in late October.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510170740.4A CN104718960A (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Saline-alkali soil oil crop cultivation pattern |
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| CN201510170740.4A CN104718960A (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Saline-alkali soil oil crop cultivation pattern |
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| CN201510170740.4A Pending CN104718960A (en) | 2015-04-13 | 2015-04-13 | Saline-alkali soil oil crop cultivation pattern |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613004A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-01 | 孟红琳 | Method for planting peanuts in saline-alkali land |
| CN106612836A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-05-10 | 运城学院 | Method for applying selenium to selenium-rich oil sunflowers in saline-alkali soil |
| CN107360841A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-21 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method in salt-soda soil plantation sunflower |
Citations (3)
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| RU2035850C1 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1995-05-27 | Николай Семенович Павлов | Method for cultivation of entomophylic cultures |
| CN102870577A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 镇江市丹徒区绿业生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of sunflower |
| CN103518511A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for planting peanuts in saline-alkali soil |
-
2015
- 2015-04-13 CN CN201510170740.4A patent/CN104718960A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2035850C1 (en) * | 1991-07-04 | 1995-05-27 | Николай Семенович Павлов | Method for cultivation of entomophylic cultures |
| CN102870577A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-01-16 | 镇江市丹徒区绿业生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of sunflower |
| CN103518511A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 山东省花生研究所 | Method for planting peanuts in saline-alkali soil |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 张珍: "向日葵栽培技术", 《农民致富之友》 * |
| 王桂华: "油葵栽培技术", 《现代农业科技》 * |
| 高树华: "盐碱地油葵——花生轮作效益高", 《中国网山东频道 HTTP://SD.CHINA.COM.CN/BZ/2014/JUJIAOSANNONG_0630/23988.HTML》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613004A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-01 | 孟红琳 | Method for planting peanuts in saline-alkali land |
| CN106612836A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-05-10 | 运城学院 | Method for applying selenium to selenium-rich oil sunflowers in saline-alkali soil |
| CN107360841A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-21 | 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A kind of method in salt-soda soil plantation sunflower |
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Address after: 266600, No. 38, Zhifu Road, Wangcheng Subdistrict Office, Laixi, Qingdao, Shandong Applicant after: Shandong Peanut Inst. Address before: Licang District of Shandong Province million years road Qingdao City No. 126 Applicant before: Shandong Peanut Inst. |
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Application publication date: 20150624 |
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