CN104705061A - Cultivation method of high-quality curcuma kwangsiensis - Google Patents
Cultivation method of high-quality curcuma kwangsiensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104705061A CN104705061A CN201510132073.0A CN201510132073A CN104705061A CN 104705061 A CN104705061 A CN 104705061A CN 201510132073 A CN201510132073 A CN 201510132073A CN 104705061 A CN104705061 A CN 104705061A
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 241000963421 Curcuma kwangsiensis Species 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 235000003397 Curcuma kwangsiensis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 240000009138 Curcuma zedoaria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 235000003405 Curcuma zedoaria Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000001812 curcuma zedoaria berg. rosc. Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 235000019509 white turmeric Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000163122 Curcuma domestica Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000297179 Syringa vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004338 Syringa vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001164374 Calyx Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001573881 Corolla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014375 Curcuma Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000278154 Heteroclinus perspicillatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N curcumin Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(\C=C\C(=O)CC(=O)\C=C\C=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 VFLDPWHFBUODDF-FCXRPNKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020187 evaporated milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical group [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000013976 turmeric Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of high-quality curcuma kwangsiensis, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting land: selecting the lands of tropical and subtropical regions; 2) land preparation: ploughing the land by 25-30 cm; 3) seed selection: selecting healthy and plump rootstocks which grow newly in the current year as Guangxi zedoary seedballs when harvested in winter; 4) planting: seeding from 3 late months to 4 late months every year; 5) field management: 5-1) loosening the soil and weeding after seeding, watering and fertilizing at proper time; 5-2) repeating the work of the step 5-1) after 3 last ten days of the year; 6) collecting the seed balls: and (4) harvesting seed balls in the next year after the overground part of the plant is completely withered. By adopting the cultivation method for producing high-quality curcuma kwangsiensis, the obtained curcuma kwangsiensis seedball has high flowering rate, is suitable for being used as a seedball for flower pot culture, and has higher economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation of plants field, more particularly, relate to a kind of cultivation method of high-quality Guangxi zedoary.
Background technology
Little pot flowers is small and exquisite, delicately packed, low price, easy maintenance, is the first-selection of popular current consumption.And for manufacturer and dealer, little potted plant production and selling also has incomparable advantage.On the one hand, little potted plant with short production cycle, standardization level is high, is more suitable for producing.On the other hand, little potted plant easy transport, loss is little, and shelf life is long, also more easily promotes.So the wide market of little pot flowers.
Guangxi zedoary (Curcuma kwangsiensis) is perennial root perennial herb, plant height 0.8-1.2m, the main kind of surperficial taupe of ball (main root stem), section dark white or micro-band evaporated milk yellow, long 4 ~ 5cm, diameter 2.5 ~ 3.5cm, then rhizome is undeveloped; Block root spindle, section milky.Leaf sheath green band reddish violet, by pubescence, the hair at edge is longer; The tip of a leaf is obvious, and height is 1.5mm about, and there is long pubescence at edge; The long 2-11cm of petiole, by pubescence; Blade ellipticity lanceolar, Long Circle is to narrow lanceolar, and tip is gradually sharp, and base portion is gradually narrow, long 14-43cm, wide 4.5-9.5cm, two sides villosity, the back side is more so, sometimes thinning thin at later stages, blade face is along Zhong Mai both sides tool lilac band or nothing, and lilac band disappears or perpetuity autumn.Spike is extracted out from kind of ball or extracts out in leaf sheath autumn spring.Inflorescence is about 20-35cm, and diameter is about 7-15cm; Top bract aubergine is to pink, wealthy avette to oval or Long Circle, long 4-4.9cm, and wide about 2.7cm, by micro-pubescence; Middle and lower part bract is green to green white, first end band kermesinus; Bractlet white, is about 1.1cm; Calyx white, be about 0.8-1cm, tip 3 cognate, splits to middle part to axle side, by micro-pubescence; Corolla pipe range 1.5-2cm, outside is by pubescence, and the avette or wealthy lanceolar of sliver, is about 0.8-1.5cm, pink; The raw staminodium in side is faint yellow, long 1-1.4cm, wide 0.3-0.5cm; Lip subcircular, faint yellow, tip is micro-to be lacked, flower pesticide white; Column cap head, raw microtriche is dredged at edge.Black when seed is ripe, is torn shape arillus.The florescence 5-6 month, the 8-9 month; The fruit phase 6-7 month, the 9-10 month.
Its inflorescence shape, as exquisite pagoda, seems elegant noble; The beautiful texture of whole bract tool; And can by regulation florescence in the Spring Festival, can support and aobvious environment protection clean by water, can put at desk and especially show graceful under light, flower can volatilize the function containing the light fragrance of sesquiterpenoids with sterilization and fresh air, it is a kind of excellent little pot flowers, and its rhizome and block root system conventional Chinese medicine " curcuma zedoary " and " root tuber of aromatic turmeric ", be therefore also medical flower.It is had more than 100 year as medicinal plant by the history of extensively cultivating in the Changjiang river areas to the south.
But, the flowering rate that how over the years cultivation show Guangxi zedoary only about 30%.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the defect that the flowering rate for the above-mentioned Guangxi zedoary of prior art is low, provides a kind of cultivation method of high-quality Guangxi zedoary kind ball of high flowering rate.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the cultivation method providing a kind of high-quality Guangxi zedoary, comprises the following steps:
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour;
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, making wide is 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, and wide is the furrow ditch of at least 30cm;
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball;
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing;
Before 4-2) sowing, applying base manure is carried out to soil;
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, and dig cave in the furrow face of high furrow, 1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, and bud head upwards puts into cave, earthing after planting;
After 4-4) having planted, water and irrigate;
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping after neat seedling, watering in good time, apply fertilizer;
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work;
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after to gather kind of a ball.
The cultivation method of high-quality Guangxi zedoary of the present invention, wherein, in step 1) described in soil be silt content at 70-90%, clay content is at 10-30%, and the content of organic matter is at 26.2-32.5%, and pH value is at the sandy loam of 6.2-7.
The cultivation method of high-quality Guangxi zedoary of the present invention, wherein, in step 4-2) described in base manure be that the fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed is fertile; Wherein, every mu of soil applies the fertile 1040-1550kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
Cultivation method of the present invention, wherein, in step 4-3) described in the cave in cave apart from being 25-30cm, cave is 6-9cm deeply.
Cultivation method of the present invention, wherein, in step 5-2) described in water and to stop after annual mid-October or leaf look turn yellow.
Cultivation method of the present invention, wherein, in step 5-1) described in apply fertilizer and at least comprise following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days.
Cultivation method of the present invention, wherein, in step 5-2) described in fertilising carry out in June next year and August next year.
Cultivation method of the present invention, wherein, in step 5) described in fertilising adopt composite fertilizer's fertilising, described composite fertilizer is nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20%.
Implement cultivation method of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
(1) by adopting cultivation method of the present invention, the Guangxi zedoary kind ball flowering rate that production obtains is high, and the suitable kind ball potted plant as flowers, has higher economic worth.
(2) use tropical and subtropical zone area common weed fish fry grass through being processed into base manure, not only promote rudiment and the growth of Guangxi zedoary, the flowering rate of Guangxi zedoary kind ball is had a certain impact, in addition, this fish fry weed fertilizer is natural organic manure, compensate for the minimizing of rural area peasant household pig, cattle and sheep and the phenomenon causing farmyard manure to reduce.
(3) Guangxi zedoary gather after planting 2 years kind of ball with plant compared with the kind ball of gathering then then, its bud is more full, and flowering rate is better.
Embodiment
Below, in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further:
The present invention is mainly for tropical and subtropical region, and development a kind of can be applicable to the cultivation method of the high-quality kind ball producing Guangxi zedoary high flowering rate.Guangxi zedoary has the characteristics such as heat-resisting, comparatively cold-resistant, drought resisting, impoverishment tolerant, but due to Guangxi zedoary tool meat rhizome, not resistance to water logging in vegetative period, as flower forcing kind ball with have relatively big difference as culture technique during medicinal plant.
The invention provides a kind of cultivation method of high flowering rate high-quality Guangxi zedoary kind ball, its step comprises:
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour; Particularly, this soil be silt content at 70-90%, clay content is at 10-30%, and the content of organic matter is at 26.2-32.5%, and the neutral meta-acid of pH value (pH value can not meta-alkalescence), particularly, pH value is at the loose fertile sandy loam of 6.2-6.6.
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, plough thin leveling, and to make wide be 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, wide is the furrow ditch of at least 30cm, and this high furrow furrow face is smooth, furrow ditch bottom of trench is straight, favourable draining.
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball.
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing 1 day, with sterilization remove portion aqueous vapor;
Carry out applying base manure to soil before 4-2) sowing, described base manure is the fish fry grass bran fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Wherein every mu of soil applies the fertile 1040-1550kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Wherein, the preparation method of the careless bran fertilizer of the fish fry that becomes thoroughly decomposed: the time in spring is when wild fish flowers and plants riotous growth, to choose herb, chopping, every 2000kg wild fish flowers and plants admix the peanut press pulp 50kg also minced and quicklime 20kg that buy from market, it is in heaps that three mixes rear heap thoroughly, and enclosing cover is about the thick wet mud of 10cm, about within three months, namely can be used as base manure.
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, at furrow face hole pressing distance (i.e. spacing in the rows) 25 ~ 30cm of high furrow, cave is dug for 6-9cm deeply in cave, and 1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, bud head upwards puts into cave, and earthing 5cm after planting also covers a thin sheet of dry rice straw with preventing rain wash;
After 4-4) having planted, first time waters and must irrigate, and the mode of watering adopts spray.
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping weeding after neat seedling, and watering in good time, apply fertilizer; This part water in step, Guangxi zedoary is at different times, and irrigation amount is different with the mode of watering, and such as, after the neat seedling of Guangxi zedoary, arid reaches 15 talentes and pours water; When Guangxi zedoary to meet Continuous Drought 15 days vegetative period, need to irrigate drought resisting; Irrigation should fill with horse race water in the morning or at dusk; Guangxi zedoary was no longer poured water after turning yellow annual mid-October or leaf look before March next year, kept field curing, was beneficial to results.Wherein, growing period fertilising at least comprises following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm, and sealing fertilizer 10kg is drenched, to promote growth and the growth of root system and blade in every mu of field; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days, sealing fertilizer 15kg is drenched, to promote expanding of kind of ball in every mu of field; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; Wherein said composite fertilizer is nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20%.Particularly, nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and phosphate fertilizer is calcium phosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.Fertilising in field management is only with composite fertilizer.
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work; Fertilising after next year early March is only carried out in June next year and August next year.I.e. the 4th fertilising: in June next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; 5th fertilising: in August next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; Described composite fertilizer uses nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20% equally.
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after and kind of a ball of gathering when becoming a fine day, particularly, make flower forcing kind ball with diameter at the kind ball of more than 2.5cm.
embodiment 1
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour; Particularly, this soil be silt content 70%, clay content 30%, the content of organic matter 26.2%, the loose fertile sandy loam of pH value 6.2.
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, plough thin leveling, and to make wide be 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, wide is the furrow ditch of 30cm, and this high furrow furrow face is smooth, furrow ditch bottom of trench is straight, favourable draining.
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball.
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing 1 day, with sterilization remove portion aqueous vapor;
Carry out applying base manure to soil before 4-2) sowing, described base manure is the fish fry grass bran fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Wherein, every mu of soil applies the fertile 1040kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, at furrow face hole pressing distance (i.e. spacing in the rows) 25 ~ 30cm of high furrow, cave is dug for 6-9cm deeply in cave, and 1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, bud head upwards puts into cave, and earthing 5cm after planting also covers a thin sheet of dry rice straw with preventing rain wash;
After 4-4) having planted, first time waters and must irrigate, and the mode of watering adopts spray.
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping weeding after neat seedling, and watering in good time, apply fertilizer; This part water in step, Guangxi zedoary is at different times, and irrigation amount is different with the mode of watering, and such as, after the neat seedling of Guangxi zedoary, arid reaches 15 talentes and pours water; When Guangxi zedoary to meet Continuous Drought 15 days vegetative period, need to irrigate drought resisting; Irrigation should fill with horse race water in the morning or at dusk; Guangxi zedoary was no longer poured water after turning yellow annual mid-October or leaf look before March next year, kept field curing.Wherein, growing period fertilising at least comprises following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm, and sealing fertilizer 10kg is drenched, to promote growth and the growth of root system and blade in every mu of field; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days, sealing fertilizer 15kg is drenched, to promote expanding of kind of ball in every mu of field; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball;
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work; Fertilising after next year early March is only carried out in June next year and August next year.I.e. the 4th fertilising: in June next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; 5th fertilising: in August next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; Wherein said composite fertilizer is nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20%.
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after and kind of a ball of gathering when becoming a fine day, particularly, make flower forcing kind ball 1 with diameter at the kind ball of more than 2.5cm.
embodiment 2
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour; Particularly, this soil be silt content 90%, clay content 30%, the content of organic matter 32.5%, the loose fertile sandy loam of pH value 6.6.
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, plough thin leveling, and to make wide be 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, wide is the furrow ditch of 30cm, and this high furrow furrow face is smooth, furrow ditch bottom of trench is straight, favourable draining.
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball.
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing 1 day, with sterilization remove portion aqueous vapor;
Carry out applying base manure to soil before 4-2) sowing, described base manure is the fish fry grass bran fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Wherein, every mu of soil applies the fertile 1550kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, at furrow face hole pressing distance (i.e. spacing in the rows) 25 ~ 30cm of high furrow, cave is dug for 6-9cm deeply in cave, and 1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, bud head upwards puts into cave, and earthing 5cm after planting also covers a thin sheet of dry rice straw with preventing rain wash;
After 4-4) having planted, first time waters and must irrigate, and the mode of watering adopts spray.
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping weeding after neat seedling, and watering in good time, apply fertilizer; This part water in step, Guangxi zedoary is at different times, and irrigation amount is different with the mode of watering, and such as, after the neat seedling of Guangxi zedoary, arid reaches 15 talentes and pours water; When Guangxi zedoary to meet Continuous Drought 15 days vegetative period, need to irrigate drought resisting; Irrigation should fill with horse race water in the morning or at dusk; Guangxi zedoary is no longer poured water after turning yellow annual mid-October or leaf look, keeps field curing, is beneficial to results.Wherein, growing period fertilising at least comprises following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm, and sealing fertilizer 10kg is drenched, to promote growth and the growth of root system and blade in every mu of field; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days, sealing fertilizer 15kg is drenched, to promote expanding of kind of ball in every mu of field; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball;
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work; Fertilising after next year early March is only carried out in June next year and August next year.I.e. the 4th fertilising: in June next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; 5th fertilising: in August next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; Described composite fertilizer uses nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20% equally.
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after and kind of a ball of gathering when becoming a fine day, particularly, make flower forcing kind ball 2 with diameter at the kind ball of more than 2.5cm.
embodiment 3
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour; Particularly, this soil be silt content 80%, clay content 20%, the content of organic matter 29.5%, the loose fertile sandy loam of pH value 6.4.
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, plough thin leveling, and to make wide be 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, wide is the furrow ditch of 30cm, and this high furrow furrow face is smooth, furrow ditch bottom of trench is straight, favourable draining.
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball.
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing 1 day, with sterilization remove portion aqueous vapor;
Carry out applying base manure to soil before 4-2) sowing, described base manure is the fish fry grass bran fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Wherein, every mu of soil applies the fertile 1295kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, at furrow face hole pressing distance (i.e. spacing in the rows) 25 ~ 30cm of high furrow, cave is dug for 6-9cm deeply in cave, and 1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, bud head upwards puts into cave, and earthing 5cm after planting also covers a thin sheet of dry rice straw with preventing rain wash;
After 4-4) having planted, first time waters and must irrigate, and the mode of watering adopts spray.
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping weeding after neat seedling, and watering in good time, apply fertilizer; This part water in step, Guangxi zedoary is at different times, and irrigation amount is different with the mode of watering, and such as, after the neat seedling of Guangxi zedoary, arid reaches 15 talentes and pours water; When Guangxi zedoary to meet Continuous Drought 15 days vegetative period, need to irrigate drought resisting; Irrigation should fill with horse race water in the morning or at dusk; Guangxi zedoary is no longer poured water after turning yellow annual mid-October or leaf look, keeps field curing, is beneficial to results.Wherein, growing period fertilising at least comprises following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm, and sealing fertilizer 10kg is drenched, to promote growth and the growth of root system and blade in every mu of field; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days, sealing fertilizer 15kg is drenched, to promote expanding of kind of ball in every mu of field; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball;
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work; Fertilising after next year early March is only carried out in June next year and August next year.I.e. the 4th fertilising: in June next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; 5th fertilising: in August next year, every mu imposes same composite fertilizer 15kg, to extend leaf longevity, maintains leaf photosynthesis, accelerates the accumulation of organic matter in kind of ball; Described composite fertilizer uses nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20% equally.
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after and kind of a ball of gathering when becoming a fine day, particularly, make flower forcing kind ball 3 with diameter at the kind ball of more than 2.5cm.
Gather 20, the Guangxi zedoary kind ball (buying in Fang Cun flowers, birds, fish and insects market, Guangzhou) that above-described embodiment plant the Guangxi zedoary flower forcing kind ball obtained each 20 and market purchase and carry out potted plant cultivation under equivalent environment, and add up its flowering rate.
Wherein, flowering rate=number/plantation number × 100% of blooming.
The flowering rate statistical form of the Guangxi zedoary kind ball that the Guangxi zedoary flower forcing kind ball of table 1 the present invention plantation and market are bought
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example | |
| A plantation number | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| To bloom a number | 17 | 16 | 19 | 4 |
| Flowering rate (%) | 85 | 80 | 95 | 20 |
From in table 1, gather above-described embodiment plant the Guangxi zedoary flower forcing kind ball obtained under equivalent environment, carry out potted plant cultivation after the flowering rate of Guangxi zedoary kind ball bought than market of its flowering rate high, as can be seen here, high according to its flowering rate of Guangxi zedoary flower forcing kind ball that the cultivation method of production high-quality Guangxi zedoary of the present invention is planted, there is higher economic worth.
To one skilled in the art, according to technical scheme described above and design, other various corresponding change and deformation can be made, and all these change and deformation all should belong within the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a cultivation method for high-quality Guangxi zedoary, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) selection of land: select annual frost-free season more than 230 days, average temperature of the whole year more than 15 DEG C, annual rainfall more than 1500 millimeters, the soil of the tropical and subtropical region of annual sunshine duration 1300-1500 hour;
2) wholely: 25-30cm is ploughed in soil, making wide is 100-120cm, the high high furrow for 25-30cm, the wide furrow ditch for being no less than 30cm;
3) choose seeds: when winter gathers in the crops, select healthy and strong rhizome that is full, newborn Guangxi zedoary then as Guangxi zedoary kind ball;
4) plant:
Before 4-1) planting, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is taken out airing;
Before 4-2) sowing, applying base manure is carried out to soil;
4-3) annual late March was sowed to early April, dug cave in the furrow face of high furrow,
1, Guangxi zedoary kind ball is put in every cave, and bud head upwards puts into cave, earthing after planting;
After 4-4) having planted, water and irrigate;
5) field management:
Weed with a hoe after 5-1) sowing and apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times to stopping after neat seedling, watering in good time
Water, fertilising;
5-2) repeat step 5-1 after next year early March) work;
6) sowing ball: next year plant to be planted acrial part completely withered after to gather kind of a ball.
2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) described in soil be silt content at 70-90%, clay content is at 10-30%, and the content of organic matter is at 26.2-32.5%, and pH value is at the sandy loam of 6.2-7.
3. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4-2) described in base manure be that the fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed is fertile; Wherein, every mu of soil applies the fertile 1040-1550kg of fish fry grass bran that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
4. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4-3) described in the cave in cave apart from being 25-30cm, cave is 6-9cm deeply.
5. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 5-2) described in water and to stop after annual mid-October or leaf look turn yellow.
6. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 5-1) described in apply fertilizer and at least comprise following three times: first time fertilising: as height of seedling 10cm; Second time fertilising: in first time fertilising after 40-50 days; Third time fertilising: in second time fertilising after 30-40 days.
7. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 5-2) described in fertilising carry out in June next year and August next year.
8. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 5) described in fertilising adopt composite fertilizer's fertilising, described composite fertilizer is nitrogenous 10-20%, phosphorous 10-20%, composite fertilizer containing potassium 10-20%.
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| CN113854091A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2021-12-31 | 佛山市连艺生物科技有限公司 | Method for improving field cultivation/pot culture quality of red torch curcuma aromatica |
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| CN114431096A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-06 | 广西壮族自治区药用植物园 | Organic planting and cultivating method for curcuma kwangsiensis |
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