Wild organic grow method is imitated in a kind of dendrobium candidum sylvan life
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of dendrobium candidum sylvan life and imitate wild organic grow method.
Background technology
The stem of noble dendrobium is the rare rare traditional Chinese medicine that the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China is recorded.Dendrobium candidum have " the celestial grass of China ", the laudatory title of " in medicine gold ", and first of row " Chinese nine immortal grass ", being called " medicine circle giant panda " by international medicinal plant circle, is the necessary raw material of tens of kinds of Chinese patent drugs and health products.For a long time, people are rely on to excavate collection wild resource with this medicinal material, and wild Dendrodium reproduction rate is extremely low, and people only excavate the wild stem of noble dendrobium and but do not plant the stem of noble dendrobium, cause the extinction in imminent danger of its resource, cause its price one and rise and rise again.
Current dendrobium candidum still belongs in Guangxi and even in the whole nation state that supply falls short of demand, though current manual scale planting in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Anhui, southern all provinces such as Yunnan and Zhejiang vigorously launch, but the standardized operation code (SOP) of for want of (GAP) technology plantation, the following problem of ubiquity in causing current dendrobium candidum to be produced: one is that provenance is more, and cultivar origin is unclear; Two is that implantation methods is various, planting technology (planting matrix is chaotic, little numb stone, broken common brick, pine bark, wood shavings, wood chip etc.) lack of standardization not unified standard; Three is that damage by disease and insect is serious, excessively uses agricultural chemicals; Four is picking methods and Time Inconsistency, and product quality difficulty judges.Therefore, carry out the show-how of sylvan life Efficient Cultivation standardized production and turn the current solution dendrobium candidum important channel that supply falls short of demand into.
Method for planting is planted on the current ground that adopts more, and there is following problem: permeability is poor, survival rate is low, yields poorly, and the cycle that plantation is gathered is short, and is easily encroached on nursery stock by soil insect; Booth bed cultivating method fresh bar product quality is low, has medicine residual, sprays do not reach nuisanceless standard with chemical fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of dendrobium candidum sylvan life and imitate wild organic grow method, the present invention adopts imitating wild implant model, selects good forest environment, adopts rationally mode reliably to plant dendrobium candidum, improve the effective content of dendrobium candidum, solve the residual high problem of its medicine.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, wild organic grow method is imitated in a kind of dendrobium candidum sylvan life, specifically implements according to following steps:
Step 1, forest land prepare: selection of land, select air humidity to be 50-90%, and shade density is and 60-85%, and temperature in four seasons is not less than-5 DEG C, snows and is no more than one month, and height above sea level, lower than the forest land of 1500 meters, is surgeried the assorted filling in ground, carried out the early-stage preparations of plantation;
Step 2, plantation goods and materials prepare: seedling selects domestication to have the dendrobium candidum Cong Miao of 6 ~ 8 months, and carrying substrates rises, and fetches rear installing in time in carton;
The selection of step 3, plantation wood: select the forest that bark is coarse;
Step 4, plantation process, the shady net laying of getting 10cm × 8cm is on hand, the liver moss of thin layer is spread on the net in shade, in the thin matrix of liver moss upper berth thin layer, choosing one clump of dendrobium candidum domestication seedling is put in matrix by coring spread apart, then along trunk drawing pin or rope, shady net and nursery stock are bonded on bark, make shady net, liver moss and matrix just hide the base portion of dendrobium candidum root, be advisable to tie up surely can not fall;
Step 5, tie up seedling process: according to the size of trunk, clump has been tied up apart from the position of overhead 50cm, and upper and lower clump spacing is about 50cm, and level clump spacing is about 20cm, and the height tied up is 2m, and every tree about ties up 10 ~ 20 clumps;
Step 6, managing and protecting: tie up in two weeks, every day spring and summer drenches a water sooner or later, except raining, drenches a water every day autumn and winter; Field planting, after one month, can be carried out generality and manage and protect, namely drench weekly twice water, monthly execute once organic liquid manure, executes a solid organic fertilizer every clump every half a year and puts 15g, quarterly clears up and once plants the assorted filling in space weeds;
Step 7, gather and preserve: after plantation Second Year by the end of December to next year April be picking time, gather and stop fertilising by the previous moon, choose cane fur clothing turns white, branch has bound plant distance 2cm place of foundation portion when gathering to cut and pluck, defoliation packing natural conditions room temperature preservation.
Feature of the present invention is also,
The forest that in step 3, bark is coarse is fragrant camphor tree, maple, lotus wood, pine tree, China fir etc., with natural broad-leaved tree.
Organic liquid manure is peanut press pulp water or marsh gas water, and that to be peanut press pulp and water be peanut press pulp water is in mass ratio 1: 3 formulated, and that to be marsh gas water and water be marsh gas water is in mass ratio 1: 3 formulated; Solid organic fertilizer is sheep excrement or rabbit excrement.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: in artificial planting pattern, relative intensive farming is adopted to improve output, take imitating wild planting mode simultaneously, pure natural environment and organic manure is utilized to promote Growth of Dendrobium candidum, by the raising of effective content with avoid medicine residual, improve the quality of the dendrobium candidum of artificial planting.Its advantage is that this implantation methods is simple, environmental protection, and Product Green, health value are high.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The invention provides a kind of dendrobium candidum sylvan life and imitate wild organic grow method, specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, forest land prepare: selection of land, select air humidity to be 50-90%, and shade density is and 60-85%, and temperature in four seasons is not less than-5 DEG C, snows and is no more than one month, and height above sea level, lower than the forest land of 1500 meters, is surgeried the assorted filling in ground, carried out the early-stage preparations of plantation;
Step 2, plantation goods and materials prepare: prepare planting material, as fixing film, liver moss, thin matrix (wood chip), fixture (drawing pin and rope) and seedlings of Dendrobium officinale.Seedling selects domestication to have the dendrobium candidum Cong Miao of 6 ~ 8 months, and carrying substrates rises, and fetches to install in corresponding carton in time, for plantation survival rate carries out safeguard work in early stage afterwards;
The selection of step 3, plantation wood: select the forest that bark is coarse, such as fragrant camphor tree, maple, lotus wood, pine tree, China fir etc., be excellent with natural broad-leaved tree;
Step 4, implantation methods, the shady net laying of getting 10cm × 8cm is on hand, the liver moss of thin layer is spread on the net in shade, in the thin matrix of liver moss upper berth thin layer, coring spread apart is put in matrix by the dendrobium candidum domestication seedling choosing a Cong Heshi size, is then bonded on bark with drawing pin or rope by shady net and nursery stock in place along trunk, makes shady net, liver moss and matrix just hide the base portion of dendrobium candidum root, tension can not be tied up to obtain, be advisable to tie up surely can not fall;
Step 5, tie up the density of seedling: according to the size of trunk, clump has been tied up apart from the position of overhead 50cm, and upper and lower clump spacing is about 50cm, level clump spacing is about 20cm, the height tied up needs according to plantation client and determines, and it is high that general recommendations is bind to 2m, and every tree about ties up 10 ~ 20 clumps;
Step 6, managing and protecting: tie up in two weeks, every day spring and summer drenches a water sooner or later, drenches a water (except raining) every day autumn and winter; Field planting is after one month, generality can be carried out manage and protect, namely twice water is drenched weekly, (peanut press pulp water, marsh gas water etc. spray monthly to execute once organic liquid manure, wherein, that to be peanut press pulp and water be peanut press pulp water is in mass ratio 1: 3 formulated, and that to be marsh gas water and water be marsh gas water is in mass ratio 1: 3 formulated), execute a solid organic fertilizer (every clump, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc. put 15g) every half a year, quarterly clear up and once plant the assorted filling in space weeds;
Step 7, gather and preserve: after plantation Second Year by the end of December to next year April be picking time, gather and stop fertilising by the previous moon, choose cane fur clothing turns white, branch has bound plant distance 2cm place of foundation portion when gathering to cut and pluck, defoliation packing natural conditions room temperature preservation.
Step 8, product quality identification.The growth potential measuring different times dendrobium candidum and the fresh bar weight of gathering, detect the product quality (module: provenance-No. one, the middle section being whether scapus polyoses content about 30% or more of dendrobium candidum; Residual with or without agriculture; Whether applying chemical fertilizer; Whether spray steroids medicament).
Reach picking time after 2 years, annual every fresh bar of per mu yield 105 kg dendrobium candidum after picking time, by 1000 yuan of/kilogram of calculations, the output value reaches 10.5 ten thousand yuan/mu/years.
The demonstration changed by technological achievement of the present invention and popularization, this can not only play larger facilitation to the raising of the optimization of China's Forestry Industrial Structures and upgrading, production of forestry benefit, plays larger facilitation to the solution of agriculture, rural areas and farmers problem and the raising of farmers' income.
Dendrobium candidum as a Plants of the orchid family Dendrobium, the florescence be March to September, plant is luxuriant dark green, can be the scenery that forest zone increases one beauty; Dendrobium candidum can increase the diversity of forest resources species, as rareness species resource Sustainable use in addition.