CN104521665A - Novel pear tree simplifying and pruning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel pear tree simplifying and pruning method. The novel pear tree simplifying and pruning method comprises the following steps: keeping flowers and fruits on strong and prosperous developmental branches, thinning weak branches below the trunk; removing fruits on branch group by fruits on strong and prosperous branches; slowly releasing the development branches and not cutting off the kept development branches. According to the simplifying and pruning method disclosed by the invention, the development branches with strong growth trend are used to occupy space, the fruits on the strong and prosperous developmental branches are kept on the main and side branches and the side lateral branches, the excessive weak branches are removed, so that the nutrients are relatively concentrated, the kept development branches are converted into string-flower branches through growth, ineffective branch quantity is reduced, the concentrated nutrients are supplied for the growth of the development branches, the quantity and the quality of the flower buds are improved, the unit fruiting capacity is strengthened, the high yield and the excellent quality are achieved; meanwhile, the novel pear tree simplifying and pruning method is simple and convenient in operation technology, saves much labor power and improves labor efficiency.

Description

A kind of novel Simplified pear tree trimming method

Technical field

The invention belongs to fruit tree shaping pruning technique field, be specifically related to a kind of novel Simplified pear tree trimming method.

Background technology

The pruning of pear tree is that eighties of last century the fifties starts to promote.Be characterized in that maintain the characteristic of its structure and prune, new tree planting is then according to namely fixed tactic pattern under stable tree body framework, and then expand tree body swept area, reach the demand of constant rate of production and the object of balance tree vigo(u)r.

Traditional pruning removes stronger developmental branch in fixed structure tree body, golden mean of the Confucian school branch is adopted to educate bow structure fruit, and with larger result branch group, medium-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster and small-sized fruit-bearing shoot cluster, in proportion layout, to reservation developmental branch appropriateness cutting back, especially the developmental branch requirement lopwood of Dangshan pear is crossed and is cut.This pruning technique adopted for six more than ten years, was still now the main method that domestic pear tree is pruned.But a large amount of cutting backs has run counter to the biological property of pear tree, and most of trunk infusion all consumes in nutrition; Secondly tree emits bar many, due to cutting back, stimulate the bud of below clip to sprout in a large number, cause canopy.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem that the present invention solves overcomes above problem, a kind of novel Simplified pear tree trimming method is provided, the method is simple, a large amount of labour can be saved, trunk infusion loss can be reduced simultaneously, improve flower_bud formation quantity and unit ability, realize advantage result, single fruit weight average increases by more than 30%, realizes the high quality and stable yield of tree body.

A kind of novel Simplified pear tree trimming method is for retaining the pre-bow structure fruit of strong prosperous developmental branch, and weak branch below the golden mean of the Confucian school removes; With strong prosperous single result, abolish branch group result; Adopt developmental branch to delay to put, to the no longer cutting back of developmental branch then retained.

Described, simplify trimming method and comprise the following steps:

(1) First Year, does not cut slow for the annual pear tree developmental branch of more than 60cm putting, and removes that all the other are upright or without the branch in space, the slow pear tree developmental branch put is converted into a string of flowers branch by growth;

(2) Second Year, by the pear tree a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/3rd of more than 60cm, retains the bud of more than 12, the a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/2nd of 50-60cm, retains 6-7 bud, a string of flowers branch cutting back 3/4ths of 40-50cm, retain 2-5 bud, a string of flowers branch of below 40cm all removes;

(3) the 3rd years, the accessory branch that the pear tree a string of flowers branch pumping quantity after result does not wait, retain 1-2 strong accessory branch retraction depending on a string of flowers branch space, all the other all removed.

Described, prune and carry out all in the winter time.

The tree management that simplification trimming method of the present invention is applicable to is dry two-layer shape and happy shape in dry cylindrical, many major branches of base portion in the many major branches of base portion.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

1. traditional trimming method mainly adopts and controls pear tree artificially and to nourish and grow ability, go to force to stay on weak, remove the clip reason developmental branch uprightly staying level, too high sees heavy pruning and saw function, ignores growth force and the ability at the newborn branch of pear tree and strong prosperous position; And simplification trimming method of the present invention mainly utilizes pear tree own growth force, reduce invalid branch amount, concentrate the growth of nutrient supply developmental branch, improve flower_bud formation quality and quantity, enhancement unit ability, reaches the object of high yield and high-quality.

2. traditional trimming method, with branch group layout, goes according to the concept of individual the growth force balancing branch group, and otherness is comparatively large, adds the production of output type, and branch group allowance is large, and illumination is bad, and the ratio of high quality fruit is on the low side; And simplification trimming method of the present invention captures space with the developmental branch replacement branch group growing force prosperous by force, directly strong prosperous branch result is retained leading, on side shoot and secondary side shoot, remove excessive small and weak branch, decrease classification level time to a great extent, make nutrient Relatively centralized, the developmental branch retained is converted into a string of flowers branch by growth, has highlighted the effect of dominant growth, has reached the object of good quality and high output.

3. traditional trimming method is based on the cutting back of developmental branch, and cutting back just changes bavin with bavin to the growth response of developmental branch, consumes nutrient, along with increasing the weight of of cutting back, germination rate is lower, and branch pumping ability is stronger, the ratio forming bud is also fewer, abandons the potentiality of advantage result; To be that developmental branch is slow put simplification trimming method of the present invention, unnecessary branch and small and weak branch all remove, the slow constant growth force of shoot growth point of putting relaxes, its terminal bud extends growth, forms long fruit branch, downside Buds formation fruit spur group, possesses the basis of result in next year, operating technology is easy simultaneously, saves a large amount of labours, improves efficiency.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 simplification trimming method of the present invention schematic diagram.

In figure, 1: when the First Year winter cuts, slow the putting of developmental branch is not cut; 2: Second Year forms bud, light cutting back when the winter cuts; 3: when within after result the 3rd year, the winter cuts, stay 1-2 accessory branch to delay and put, a string of flowers branch bounces back; 4: retraction and sparse branching position.

Embodiment

embodiment 1

A novel Simplified pear tree trimming method, comprises the following steps:

(1) during First Year winter pruning, slow for the annual pear tree developmental branch of more than 60cm putting is not cut, remove that all the other are upright or without the branch in space, the slow pear tree developmental branch put is converted into a string of flowers branch by growth;

(2) during Second Year winter pruning, by the pear tree a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/3rd of more than 60cm, retain the bud of more than 12, the a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/2nd of 50-60cm, retain 6-7 bud, the a string of flowers branch cutting back 3/4ths of 40-50cm, retain 2-5 bud, a string of flowers branch of below 40cm all removes;

During winter pruning in (3) the 3rd years, the accessory branch that the pear tree a string of flowers branch pumping quantity after result does not wait, delay depending on a string of flowers branch space reservation 1-2 strong accessory branch and put, retraction, all the other all remove, and make it carry out circulation result.

Simplification trimming method of the present invention is applied to base, Dangshan County theatre, and compared with traditional trimming method, result of the test is as shown in table 1.

Table 1 result of the test

As shown in Table 1, developmental branch is longer, the probability forming bud is higher, more than 60cm can reach 83.68%, and single Zhi Pingjun becomes to spend 18.41, and small branch group is under the condition of 3-5 developmental branch, become to spend 8.36, the former is 2.2 times of the latter, and its output is 6.8 times, 4.6 times and 2.1 times of traditional trimming method respectively, and its advantage is visible.

The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a novel Simplified pear tree trimming method, is characterized in that, this simplification trimming method is for retaining the pre-bow structure fruit of strong prosperous developmental branch, and weak branch below the golden mean of the Confucian school removes; With strong prosperous single result, abolish branch group result; Adopt developmental branch to delay to put, to the no longer cutting back of developmental branch then retained.

2. simplification trimming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described simplification trimming method comprises the following steps:

(1) First Year, does not cut slow for the annual pear tree developmental branch of more than 60cm putting, and removes that all the other are upright or without the branch in space, the slow pear tree developmental branch put is converted into a string of flowers branch by growth;

(2) Second Year, by the pear tree a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/3rd of more than 60cm, retains the bud of more than 12, the a string of flowers branch cutting back 1/2nd of 50-60cm, retains 6-7 bud, a string of flowers branch cutting back 3/4ths of 40-50cm, retain 2-5 bud, a string of flowers branch of below 40cm all removes;

(3) the 3rd years, the accessory branch that the pear tree a string of flowers branch pumping quantity after result does not wait, retain 1-2 strong accessory branch retraction depending on a string of flowers branch space, all the other all removed.

3. simplification trimming method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described pruning is carried out all in the winter time.