CN104488395A - Dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation - Google Patents
Dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104488395A CN104488395A CN201410718942.3A CN201410718942A CN104488395A CN 104488395 A CN104488395 A CN 104488395A CN 201410718942 A CN201410718942 A CN 201410718942A CN 104488395 A CN104488395 A CN 104488395A
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- chinese yam
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting a land and preparing: step 2, ridging wide and narrow rows, namely, forming two rows of single large ridges through ridging once by a large tractor; step 3, deeply burying a guide pipe or a spacer, namely, digging a 10cm-wide, 15-20cm-deep and 100cm-long small furrow from the ridge top along the ridge slope according to a plant distance of 20-30cm, padding the semi-circular guide pipe or the plastic spacer in the furrow, covering one layer of fine soil along the furrow to press the guide pipe or the plastic spacer, and then scattering a fertilizer and covering soil; step 4, sowing bulbils or tubers in soil which is about 5cm above the buried guide pipe or plastic spacer, and thickly covering 20-30cm of fine soil; step 5, picking buds, namely, leaving one bud on each plant, and picking off the rest buds in time; step 6, performing field management and harvesting. The labor intensity of dioscorea opposita ridging and harvesting can be obviously reduced, and the tuber deformation rate obtained by cultivation is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arviculture field, be specifically related to a kind of Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity.
Background technology
Chinese yam rhizome refers to the Chinese yam that are produced from the ground such as current Jiangsu, Anhui, and its stem tuber yellowish pink is generally white or aubergine, starch-containing and protein, edible.For herbaceous plant for many years, stem is overgrow, and be often green or purplish, block root is cylindrical, and leaf is to life, avette or oval, colored milky, dioecism.Chinese yam rhizome tradition beats ditch, built cultivation method recruitment labour intensity is large, recruitment is many and cost is high, and the potato block abnormal rate that traditional directional cultivation planting technology obtains is high, affects Chinese yam outward appearance commodity problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity, be intended to solve that traditional Chinese yam rhizome beats ditch, built cultivation method labour intensity is large, recruitment and means of production cost high, and the potato block abnormal rate that traditional directional cultivation planting technology obtains is high, affects the problem of Chinese yam outward appearance commodity.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Prevent a Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method for potato block deformity, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
Step one, selection of land and whole: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, unobstructed, pH value is in neutral or slant acidity sand loam or sand on the sunny side, need deep plough 30 ~ 50cm keep no-sundries in soil layer on whole ground;
Step 2, wide-and narrow-row ridging: with large sized tractor ridge disposable formation wall scroll large-ridge double-row, large ridge row spacing 120 ~ 160 centimetres, duplicate rows line-spacing 60 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, dark 10 ~ 15 centimetres of micro-ridge furrow;
Step 3, buried conduit or pad: the ditch digging a wide 10cm, dark 15 ~ 20cm, long 100cm by spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm from top, ridge along inclined-plane, ridge downwards, by the conduit of semi-circular shape or plastic spacer pad in ditch, conduit or the wide of plastic spacer are 15cm, conduit or plastic spacer is pushed down along ditch cap rock fine earth, and then spread fertilizer over the fields appropriate farmyard manure, blinding about 5cm after fertilising;
Step 4, sowing: select bulbil or the stem tuber section that is cut into about 5cm to sow, direct-seeding early April to June early and middle ten days sow, plastic mulching and Small plastic shed vernalization can March early and middle ten days sow, during sowing, bulbil or stem tuber section are sowed in the soil of about 5cm above the conduit buried or plastic spacer, put along conduit or plastic spacer direction simultaneously, then thick lid fine earth 20cm ~ 30cm
Step 5, bud picking: 1 bud is stayed in every strain, extracts unnecessary bud seedling in time;
Step 6, through field management, results, to obtain final product.
Further, in step 4, during sowing, every 667m
2potato block 150kg, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, about density 2000 ~ 3000 strain.
Further, described cultivation method Chinese yam rhizome used kind is selected from the strong Guihuai No.6 of wide blade profile, growth potential and disease resistance or No. 7, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, and the time of infertility does not need built.
Further, described cultivation method Chinese yam rhizome used kind is selected from the slightly weak Ruichang Chinese yam of spire type, growth potential, Guihuai No.2 or No. 9, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, and between narrow row two ridge, adjacent individual plant takes " people " cabinet frame.
The Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity provided by the invention, propose a kind of novel Chinese yam rhizome machinery wide-and narrow-row ridging, buried conduit or the practical culture technique of the thick blinding directional cultivation of pad, can solve that traditional Chinese yam rhizome beats ditch, built cultivation method labour intensity is large, recruitment and means of production cost high, and the potato block abnormal rate that traditional directional cultivation planting technology obtains is high, affects the problem of Chinese yam outward appearance commodity.The present invention significantly can reduce Chinese yam rhizome ridging and dig the labour intensity of potato, reduces recruitment and reduces labour cost, improving sowing and efficiency of crop, plays the effect of laborsaving, abridged edition, synergy, significantly can reduce the potato block abnormal rate of cultivating and obtaining simultaneously.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity of the embodiment of the present invention, Chinese yam rhizome kind used is selected from the strong Guihuai No.6 of wide blade profile, growth potential and disease resistance or No. 7, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, the time of infertility does not need built, significantly can save built recruitment and iron wire, bamboo pole data production cost, this cultivation method carries out according to following concrete steps:
Step one, selection of land and whole: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, unobstructed, pH value is in neutral or slant acidity sand loam or sand on the sunny side, need deep plough 30 ~ 50cm keeping in soil layer without foreign material such as stones on whole ground.
Step 2, wide-and narrow-row ridging: with about 80 horsepowers large sized tractor ridge disposable formation wall scroll large-ridge double-rows, large ridge row spacing 120 ~ 160 centimetres, duplicate rows line-spacing 60 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, dark 10 ~ 15 centimetres of micro-ridge furrow.
Step 3, buried conduit or pad: dig a wide 10cm from top, ridge downwards along inclined-plane, ridge by spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the ditch of long 100cm, by the conduit of semi-circular shape or plastic spacer pad in ditch, conduit or the wide of plastic spacer are 15cm, conduit or plastic spacer is pushed down along ditch cap rock fine earth, and then spread fertilizer over the fields appropriate farmyard manure, blinding about 5cm after fertilising, the width of conduit or plastic spacer can not be too wide, can not be too narrow, the too tolerant liquid manure easily blocking Chinese yam rhizome root absorbs and transport, too narrow tuber growth easily exceeds pad scope and can not reach the effect preventing potato block deformity.
Step 4, sowing: select bulbil or the stem tuber section that is cut into about 5cm to sow, direct-seeding early April to June early and middle ten days sow, plastic mulching and Small plastic shed vernalization can March early and middle ten days sow, during sowing, by bulbil or the sowing of stem tuber section in the soil of about 5cm above the conduit buried or plastic spacer, put along conduit or plastic spacer direction simultaneously, then thick lid fine earth 20cm ~ 30cm, during sowing, every 667m
2potato block 150kg, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, about density 2000 ~ 3000 strain.
Step 5, bud picking: 1 bud is stayed in every strain, extracts unnecessary bud seedling in time.
Step 6, through field management, results, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 2
The Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity of the embodiment of the present invention, Chinese yam rhizome kind used is selected from the slightly weak Ruichang Chinese yam of spire type, growth potential, Guihuai No.2 or No. 9, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, and this cultivation method carries out according to following concrete steps:
Step one, selection of land and whole: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, unobstructed, pH value is in neutral or slant acidity sand loam or sand on the sunny side, need deep plough 30 ~ 50cm keeping in soil layer without foreign material such as stones on whole ground.
Step 2, wide-and narrow-row ridging: with about 80 horsepowers large sized tractor ridge disposable formation wall scroll large-ridge double-rows, large ridge row spacing 120 ~ 160 centimetres, duplicate rows line-spacing 60 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, dark 10 ~ 15 centimetres of micro-ridge furrow.
Step 3, buried conduit or pad: dig a wide 10cm from top, ridge downwards along inclined-plane, ridge by spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, dark 15 ~ 20cm, the ditch of long 100cm, by the conduit of semi-circular shape or plastic spacer pad in ditch, conduit or the wide of plastic spacer are 15cm, conduit or plastic spacer is pushed down along ditch cap rock fine earth, and then spread fertilizer over the fields appropriate farmyard manure, blinding about 5cm after fertilising, the width of conduit or plastic spacer can not be too wide, can not be too narrow, the too tolerant liquid manure easily blocking Chinese yam rhizome root absorbs and transport, too narrow tuber growth easily exceeds pad scope and can not reach the effect preventing potato block deformity.
Step 4, sowing: select bulbil or the stem tuber section that is cut into about 5cm to sow, direct-seeding early April to June early and middle ten days sow, plastic mulching and Small plastic shed vernalization can March early and middle ten days sow, during sowing, by bulbil or the sowing of stem tuber section in the soil of about 5cm above the conduit buried or plastic spacer, put along conduit or plastic spacer direction simultaneously, then thick lid fine earth 20cm ~ 30cm, during sowing, every 667m
2potato block 150kg, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, about density 2000 ~ 3000 strain, between narrow row two ridge, adjacent individual plant takes " people " cabinet frame, be beneficial to anti-fall, ventilate, printing opacity, thus be beneficial to high yield.
Step 5, bud picking: 1 bud is stayed in every strain, extracts unnecessary bud seedling in time.
Step 6, through field management, results, to obtain final product.
The present invention prevents the Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method of potato block deformity compared with traditional planting technology, and every mu on average can be reduced ditching and potato block recruitment 16 of gathering, and saves recruitment cost 1600 yuan.As large leaf type new varieties such as supporting application Guihuai No.6, No. 7, Gui Huai with exempt from carbuncle frame technology, the means of production such as bamboo pole, iron wire cost about 1500 yuan can be saved simultaneously.Narrow-row can increase every mu of sowing strain number, effectively improves land utilization rate.Wide row can make full use of field space, effectively improves photosynthetic efficiency, and then reaches the object improving output, compares traditional cultivation and can improve output about 10%.Effectively can reduce the abnormal rate of potato block after thick blinding, relative conventional art, can reduce abnormal rate more than 90%.
The Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity provided by the invention, according to Chinese yam rhizome biological property, by the conduit of semi-circular shape or the wide plastic spacer pad of 15cm in ditch, artificially Chinese yam stem tuber can be grown vertically downward and change near face, ridge soil layer constant slope directional growth, cultivation method of the present invention makes Chinese yam produce and adopts mechanically actuated, Chinese yam cross growth, easily gather, avoid simultaneously tradition gather Chinese yam time to dig toward depths, significantly can reduce labour intensity and labour's input, effective saving labour and means of production cost, reduce potato block abnormal rate, improve the outward appearance commodity of Chinese yam, the economic benefit that effective raising output and Chinese yam produce.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. prevent a Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method for potato block deformity, it is characterized in that: carry out in accordance with the following steps:
Step one, selection of land and whole: select soil layer deep, loose fertile, unobstructed, pH value is in neutral or slant acidity sand loam or sand on the sunny side, need deep plough 30 ~ 50cm keep no-sundries in soil layer on whole ground;
Step 2, wide-and narrow-row ridging: with large sized tractor ridge disposable formation wall scroll large-ridge double-row, large ridge row spacing 120 ~ 160 centimetres, duplicate rows line-spacing 60 centimetres, ridge is high 30 ~ 40 centimetres, dark 10 ~ 15 centimetres of micro-ridge furrow;
Step 3, buried conduit or pad: the ditch digging a wide 10cm, dark 15 ~ 20cm, long 100m by spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm from top, ridge along inclined-plane, ridge downwards, by the conduit of semi-circular shape or plastic spacer pad in ditch, conduit or the wide of plastic spacer are 15cm, conduit or plastic spacer is pushed down along ditch cap rock fine earth, and then spread fertilizer over the fields appropriate farmyard manure, blinding about 5cm after fertilising;
Step 4, sowing: select bulbil or the stem tuber section that is cut into about 5cm to sow, direct-seeding early April to June early and middle ten days sow, plastic mulching and Small plastic shed vernalization March early and middle ten days sow, during sowing, bulbil or stem tuber section are sowed in the soil of about 5cm above the conduit buried or plastic spacer, put along conduit or plastic spacer direction simultaneously, then thick lid fine earth 20cm ~ 30cm
Step 5, bud picking: 1 bud is stayed in every strain, extracts unnecessary bud seedling in time;
Step 6, through field management, results, to obtain final product.
2. the Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4, during sowing, every 667m2 potato block 150kg, spacing in the rows 20 ~ 30cm, about density 2000 ~ 3000 strain.
3. the Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cultivation method Chinese yam rhizome used kind is selected from the strong Guihuai No.6 of wide blade profile, growth potential and disease resistance or No. 7, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, and the time of infertility does not need built.
4. the Chinese yam rhizome machinery ridging directional cultivation method preventing potato block deformity according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described cultivation method Chinese yam rhizome used kind is selected from the slightly weak Ruichang Chinese yam of spire type, growth potential, Guihuai No.2 or No. 9, Huaihe River, osmanthus kind, and between narrow row two ridge, adjacent individual plant takes " people " cabinet frame.
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| CN201410718942.3A CN104488395A (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | Dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation |
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| CN201410718942.3A CN104488395A (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | Dioscorea opposita mechanical ridging directional cultivating method capable of preventing tuber deformation |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075597A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 融安县飞煌原生草药材专业合作社 | Method for planting root block plant through dual films |
| CN105660091A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for planting common yam rhizome in a mechanization grooving orientation bag tuberization manner |
| CN106233952A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 平武县子辰农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of wild yam |
| CN106613247A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 云南梦想起航农业科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of improving yam yield |
| CN109169102A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 李喜娥 | A method of utilizing bulbil numerous Chinese yam potato seed fastly |
| CN111011137A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 长江大学 | Chinese yam complementary part inclined plane seedling raising method |
-
2014
- 2014-12-02 CN CN201410718942.3A patent/CN104488395A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105075597A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-25 | 融安县飞煌原生草药材专业合作社 | Method for planting root block plant through dual films |
| CN105660091A (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-15 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for planting common yam rhizome in a mechanization grooving orientation bag tuberization manner |
| CN106233952A (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-21 | 平武县子辰农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of wild yam |
| CN106613247A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-10 | 云南梦想起航农业科技有限公司 | Planting method capable of improving yam yield |
| CN109169102A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-11 | 李喜娥 | A method of utilizing bulbil numerous Chinese yam potato seed fastly |
| CN111011137A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-17 | 长江大学 | Chinese yam complementary part inclined plane seedling raising method |
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Application publication date: 20150408 |