CN1044463A - 接续氧化取代的8-羟基喹啉而制备取代的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的方法 - Google Patents

接续氧化取代的8-羟基喹啉而制备取代的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的方法 Download PDF

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CN1044463A
CN1044463A CN89100922A CN89100922A CN1044463A CN 1044463 A CN1044463 A CN 1044463A CN 89100922 A CN89100922 A CN 89100922A CN 89100922 A CN89100922 A CN 89100922A CN 1044463 A CN1044463 A CN 1044463A
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约翰·约瑟夫斯·帕斯卡瓦奇
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用过氧化物-次氯酸盐接续氧化取代的8-羟基喹啉,以制备取代的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的新颖方法。

Description

业已发现,将次氯酸盐接续添加到过氧化氢-碱氧化过程中,能令人惊异地减少在得到最佳产物纯度时所需的过氧化氢的量,并能显著地增加产物收率。由此产生的取代吡啶-2,3-二羧酸可用作制备新颖吡啶和喹啉咪唑啉酮除草剂的中间体。用作起始物料的相应地取代的吡啶和喹啉2,3-二羧酸酐可按美国专利4,562,257中所述的方法,从它们的吡啶和喹啉2,3-二羧酸前体制备得到。用于从分子式Ⅰ的取代吡啶-2,3-二羧酸得到分子式Ⅳ的除草剂的反应顺序示于反应流程图Ⅰ中。
反应流程图Ⅰ
本发明涉及一种制备分子式Ⅰ
Figure 891009221_IMG5
的取代吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的新颖方法,式中
X是氢、卤素或甲基,但若Y和Z结合在一起,共同形成一个环,且YZ由-(CH2)n-的结构表示时,(其中n是3或4),则X是氢;
Y和Z各自表示选自由下述基团(或元素)所组成的组中的任何基团(或元素),即:氢、卤素、C1-C6的烷基、C1-C6的羟基烷基、C1-C6氨基烷基、C1-C6卤烷基、C1-C6的磺酰基烷基、硝基、羟基、甲酰基、羧基、酰基、酰氨基、氨基、C1-C4的烷基氨基、二低级烷基氨基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、亚磺酰氨基,或者可任选地被一个C1-C4的烷基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、卤素、羟基或三氟甲基、取代的苯基;而当Y和Z结合在一起时,则可共同形成一环,若X为氢时,则环中YZ系由-(CH2))n-的结构表示,其中n是选自3或4的整数;或者YZ为 ,其中L、M、Q和R1各自表示选自由下述基团(或元素)所组成的组中的任一基团(或元素),即:氢、卤素、C1-C4的烷基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、C1-C4的卤烷基、氨基、C1-C4的烷基氨基、二低级烷基氨基和三氟甲基,但需L、M、Q或R1中仅有一个代表除氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基外的基团。
分子式Ⅰ的化合物可通过下述方法制备:在碱(水溶液)存在下,先用过氧化氢,接着加入次氯酸盐,将分子式Ⅱ
Figure 891009221_IMG7
的取代羟基喹啉氧化。
适用于本发明之方法的碱液包括碱金属和碱土金属的氢氧化物和碳酸盐,如钠、钾、锂和钙的氢氧化物或碳酸盐,以及它们的混合物。氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾的水溶液均是较佳的碱。
在60°-100℃,最好为85°-90℃的温度下,并在碱液(最好为5.5摩尔当量)存在下,用约为7-14摩尔当量(最好为8摩尔当量)的过氧化氢处理分子式Ⅱ的8-羟基喹啉。在加入上述试剂后,使反应维持约1小时,然后在反应液中加入无机酸,使pH约为8-13(较佳的pH范围约为10.5-11.5),并将温度调节至约25°-90℃,其中尤以65°-70℃为佳。此时加入1.0-2.0摩尔当量(最好为1.5摩尔当量)的次氯酸阴离子(配制成5%-30%的水溶液),或直接通入氯气,使之就地产生。反应温度宜为25°-85℃,但若在较低温度下则需延长反应时间,以使氧化完全。
按照本发明的方法,分子式Ⅱ的8-羟基喹啉氧化成分子式Ⅰ的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸系通过二步法(two        part        process)的处理完成。氧化反应的第一步是在碱液存在下,用过氧化氢裂解带有羟基的非杂环的芳香环,以产生分子式Ⅰa中间体。如反应流程图Ⅱ所示,该法的第二步是通过引入次氯酸阴离子,将分子式Ⅰa中间体的支链氧化成羧酸功能团。
反应流程图Ⅱ
在上述式中,R2和R3表示选自由羧酸、乙醇酸、醛、羟甲基和其他处于中间氧化状态的烷基所组成的功能团组中的基团的混合物。业已发现,尽管过氧化氢对于第一个氧化步骤,亦即芳香环体系的裂解是较佳的,但出人意料的是,次氯酸阴离子对所产生的中间体完全氧化成最终的二羧酸产物却更为可取。
在引入次氯酸阴离子时,反应液的pH值对反应产率有较大影响。业已发现,将反应液的pH值调节至约10.5-11.5的范围内,可获得很高的反应产物的收率。
在加入5%-30%次氯酸盐水溶液,或通入氯气使之就地产生后,接着用碘化钾-淀粉指示剂试验来检验次氯酸阴离子的存在与否。当碘化钾-淀粉试验呈现阴性(通常在1小时以后)时,则用无机酸将反应混合液酸化,然后用常规方法分离,如过滤,或用合适的有机溶剂萃取,最终可得到二羧酸产物。
可用该法制备的一些化合物示于下表Ⅰ。
表Ⅰ
X        Y        Z
H CH3H
H C2H5H
C2H5C2H5H
H H CH3
CH3H H
H C2H5C2H5
H H2N-C6-H12H
H        Br        H
H NH2H
H NH2CH3
H HOCH2H
H CH2=CH-CH2CH3
H CH2=CH-CH2H
H -SO2NH2CH3
H CH3-CH(OH) H
分子式(Ⅱ)所示的8-羟基喹啉起始化合物可以方便地由该技术领域已知的方法制备,如SKraup反应、Doebner-Miller反应或喹啉的磺化反应。
以下所给出的例子主要在于对本发明作更为具体和详细的说明,以有助于进一步理解本发明。因此,并不是对本发明进行限制(但权利要求书中所限定的除外)。除非另行指出,所有的份数均以重量计,而所有的温度均为摄氏量值。
例1
用过氧化氢和次氯酸钠制备5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸
在搅拌下,将50%氢氧化钠(46.2克,0.578摩尔)和3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉(50.0克,0.289摩尔)在147毫升水中的混合物加热到90℃,同时用5.4摩尔当量的35%过氧化氢(152.0克,1.56摩尔)和50%氢氧化钠(81.0克,1.01摩尔)处理。接着再加入1.6摩尔当量的35% H2O2(45.0克,0.46摩尔)。反应温度被维持在90°-95℃,直至放热终止,然后再在90°-95℃的温度下保持1小时。冷却至70-80℃后,用93%硫酸将反应液的pH调节至11.5,接着加入14.3%次氯酸钠(108.2克,0.207摩尔),添加持续1小时。在室温下将反应液搅拌16小时后,进行过滤。滤液用硫酸钠(50.0克)和四氟呋喃(1066克)处理。在搅拌下,将所产生的混合物用93%硫酸(75.4克)处理至pH2。经两相分离后,水相用四氢呋喃萃取3次,每次用量为130克。有机相被合并后,在真空下蒸发至干。所产生的白色固体残留物在60℃和真空下干燥72小时,最终得到54.1克(87.0%,90.4%纯度)产物。
例2
用过氧化氢和次氯酸钠制备5-甲基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸
在搅拌下,将50%氢氧化钠(52.0克,0.65摩尔)和3-甲基-8-羟基喹啉盐酸盐(19.6克,0.10摩尔)在153毫升水中的混合物加热至80℃,并用30%过氧化氢(159.0克,14摩尔)处理2小时。在添加过程中,反应温度被维持在80-85°,然后再在该温度下保持1小时。冷却至65°(pH11.6)后,反应液用15%次氯酸钠(50.0克,0.10摩尔)处理,并在70℃下加热1小时。将反应液冷却至40℃后,用37%盐酸(4.5毫升)将其pH值调节至1.7,然后再在20℃下冷却1小时。将反应混合液过滤后,所产生的滤饼在60℃和真空下进行干燥,最终得到10.8克灰白色固体产物。
例3
对取代的8-羟基喹啉经过氧化氢-次氯酸盐接续氧化成取代吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的评价
在85-90℃温度下,并在5.5摩尔碱液存在下,用8-14摩尔当量的过氧化氢处理3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉溶液。反应液在85°-90℃下保持1小时后,或使之冷却至室温,用常规方法分离出5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸产物;或者将反应温度调节至65-70℃后,加入无机酸,将pH调节至10.5-11.5,然后加入1.0-2.0摩尔当量的15%次氯酸钠水溶液,在65-70℃下保持1至1.5小时后,分离得到5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸产物。
测定所有实验的产物收率,并示于表Ⅱ。
表Ⅱ
3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉的氧化
实验次数 H2O2的摩尔 Na OCl的 5-乙基-吡啶-2,3-
当量        摩尔当量        二羧酸的收率,%
1        8.0        0.0        72.0
1        8.0        2.0        90.8
1        14.0        0.0        82.8
2        8.0        0.0        59.3
2        8.0        2.0        75.3
2        14.0        0.0        61.0
3        8.0        0.0        66.0
3        8.0        2.0        86.2
3        14.0        0.0        69.1
4        8.0        2.0        89.6
4        14.0        0.0        63.6
5        14.0        0.0        77.0
5        14.0        2.0        88.0
6        14.0        0.0        73.0
6        14.0        2.0        86.0
7        14.0        0.0        70.5
7        14.0        1.0        86.2
例4
过氧化氢-次氯酸盐氧化与单用过氧化氢氧化的比较
在85-95℃下,将过氢化氢添加到3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉在5.5摩尔碱的溶液中后,将反应液分成二部分。一部分反应液被冷却至室温,用常规方法分离出5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸产物,并测定反应产率。其余部分反应液在75°-78℃下用无机酸将其pH值调节至10-11,然后加入1.0-2.0摩尔当量的15%次氯酸盐水溶液。1小时后,用常规方法分离出5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸,并测定反应产率。所得结果示于下表,以作比较。
表3
由3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉氧化而生成5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸之产率
的增高。
H2O2的 15%Na OCl 温度 收率百分数
摩尔当量        的摩尔当量        pH        ℃        的增值
8.0        2.0        11.0        75        27.0
8.0        1.0        -        -        13.7
8.0        2.0        11.0        78        30.8
7.0        1.5        11.0        78        19.3
8.0        1.5        11.0        78        23.7
例5
添加次氯酸盐对过氧化氢氧化3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉的影响
在85-90℃下,用14.0摩尔当量的过氧化氢处理3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉在5.5摩尔碱液中的溶液。1小时后,将反应液分成二部分,并将其中一部分冷却至室温。用常规方法分离出5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸产物,并测定产物收率。其余部分的反应液用5%次氯酸钠水溶液处理,16小时后,分离出5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸产物,并测定反应产率。测定结果示于下表,以作比较。
表5
将次氯酸盐接续添加到3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉的过氧化氢氧化反应中所产生的5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸收率的增高
H2O2的 15% Na OCl 时间 收率百分数
摩尔当量        的摩尔当量        温度        小时        的增值
14        0.25        室温        16        2.2
14        0.50        室温        16        4.1
14        1.00        室温        16        25.7
14        1.50        室温        16        25.2
14        2.00        室温        16        18.1
例6
3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉的制备
在氮气氛和搅拌下,将邻氨基苯酚(76.3克,0.70摩尔)、85%邻硝基苯酚(40.0克,0.24摩尔)和37%盐酸水溶液(228克,2.31摩尔)所组成的混合物加热至95℃,并用2-乙基丙烯醛(106.0克,1.26摩尔)处理2小时。再维持1小时后,用总量为925克的水使反应液骤然冷却,然后用50%氢氧化钠水溶液(160克,2.0摩尔)将pH值调节至7.0。有机层经分离和冷却后,在90℃的真空下干燥,最终得到暗褐色固体产物(179.0克,67.4%纯度)。
例7
3-甲基-8-羟基喹啉盐酸盐的制备
在搅拌下,将邻氨基苯酚(5.18公斤,47.5摩尔)、邻硝基苯酚(2.91公斤,20.9摩尔)和37%盐酸水溶液(7.27公斤,73.7摩尔)所组成的混合物加热至85-90℃,并用2-甲基丙烯醛处理2.25小时。添加完毕后,使反应温度在90℃下保持1小时,然后冷却至50℃。接着加入异丁醇(20.4公斤)和甲苯(21.9公斤),并用共沸蒸馏除去水,剩下的反应混合液再被冷却和过滤。滤饼经异丁醇和甲苯洗涤后,在60℃和真空下干燥,最终得到所需产物的盐酸盐,呈亮黄色固体状(5.28公斤,96.5%纯度)。

Claims (9)

1、一种制备分子式I
Figure 891009221_IMG1
的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的方法,式中:
X是氢、卤素或甲基、但在Y和Z结合在一起,共同形成一个环,且YZ由-(CH2)n-的结构表示(其中n是3或4)的条件下,则X是氢;
Y和Z各自表示选自由下述组分所组成的组中的任何基团(或元素),即:氢、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6羟基烷基、C1-C6的卤烷基、C1-C6的氨基烷基、C1-C6的磺酰基烷基、硝基、羟基、甲酰基、羧基、酰基、酰氨基、氨基、C1-C4的烷基氨基、二低级烷基氨基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、亚磺酰氨基、或者可任选地被一个C1-C4烷基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、卤素、羟基或三氟甲基取代的苯基;
而当Y和Z结合在一起时,则可同时形成一环,若X为氢时,则环中YZ系由-(CH2)n-的结构表示,其中n是选自3或4的整数;或者YZ为
,其中L、M、Q和R1各自表示选自由下述基团(或元素)所组成的组中的任一基团(或元素),即氢、卤素、C1-C4的烷基、C1-C4的烷基磺酰基、C1-C4的卤烷基氨基、C1-C4的烷基氨基、二低级烷基氨基和三氟甲基,但需L、M、Q或R1中仅有一个可代表除氢、卤素或C1-C4烷基以外的取代基,
该法的特征在于使分子式Ⅱ
Figure 891009221_IMG3
的8-羟基喹啉化合物(式Ⅱ中X、Y和Z的定义均如在以上分子式I中所述)在60-100℃温度和5.5摩尔当量碱液存在下,与7-14摩尔当量的30-50%的过氧化氢水溶液反应1小时,然后使该反应混合物冷却至25-90℃,再加入无机酸,将pH调节至约8-13,接着再加1.0-2.0摩尔当量的次氯酸盐(或以5%-30%水溶液的形式加入,或通入氯气,使之就地产生),在65-75℃下经1至2小时后,即可分离出二羧酸产物。
2、根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征是在60-100℃的温度范围和搅拌下,将8.0摩尔当量的过氧化氢和5.5摩尔的碱(水溶)液加到分子式Ⅱ的8-羟基喹啉溶液中,添加完毕后,在上述温度范围内保持1小时,然后再加入无机酸,将pH值调节至8-13,接着加入1.0-2.0摩尔当量的次氯酸盐。
3、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于反应混合液的pH值范围在添加次氯酸盐时为10.5-11.5。
4、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于所说的1.5摩尔当量的次氯酸盐系由直接通入氯气而就地产生。
5、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征是所说的1.5摩尔当量的次氯酸盐系以5%-15%水溶液的形式添加。
6、根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于从相应取代的8-羟基喹啉前体或其酸加成盐制备5-取代、6-取代和5,6-双取代的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸。
7、根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于从3-乙基-8-羟基喹啉或其酸加成盐制备5-乙基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸。
8、根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于从3-甲基-8-羟基喹啉或其酸加成盐制备5-甲基吡啶-2,3-二羧酸。
9、根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于从8-羟基喹啉或其酸加成盐制备吡啶-2,3-二羧酸。
CN89100922A 1988-03-10 1989-02-24 接续氧化取代的8-羟基喹啉而制备取代的吡啶-2,3-二羧酸的方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1027813C (zh)

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US5281713A (en) * 1991-12-20 1994-01-25 American Cyanamid Company Process for the manufacture of 2-alkoxymethylacrolein
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US5597924A (en) * 1995-05-24 1997-01-28 American Cyanamid Company Coversion of substituted 8-chloroquinolines to substituted 8-hydroxyquinolines
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CN109225323B (zh) * 2018-10-26 2021-07-27 闽江学院 磺酸基官能化有机/无机双阳离子-钒掺杂杂多酸阴离子复合杂化体及其合成与应用

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