CN104355732B - The microbial manure of a kind of resisting banana vascular wilt, preparation method and application - Google Patents
The microbial manure of a kind of resisting banana vascular wilt, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104355732B CN104355732B CN201410568897.8A CN201410568897A CN104355732B CN 104355732 B CN104355732 B CN 104355732B CN 201410568897 A CN201410568897 A CN 201410568897A CN 104355732 B CN104355732 B CN 104355732B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, particularly to the bio-feritlizer and its preparation method and application of a kind of resisting banana vascular wilt.The fertilizer of the present invention, its raw material includes following component by weight: 35 64 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 20 40 parts of organic fertilizer, humic acid 6 16 parts, filler 4 16 parts and resisting banana vascular wilt microbial bacterial agent, described resisting banana vascular wilt microbial bacterial agent makes in every gram of described bio-organic fertilizer containing being not less than 8 × 109The anti-disease microbial bacterium of cfu.By suitable fermentation, processing, produce granular biological fertile.The microbial manure of the present invention, can effectively reduce the banana blight incidence of disease, and the susceptible gene of the banana not only droop using microbial manure of the present invention significantly declines, and yield is also significantly increased, and improves edaphon environment simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, particularly to the microorganism fertilizer of a kind of resisting banana vascular wilt
Material, preparation method and application.
Background technology
Banana blight has another name called Panama disease, yellowtop, is by Fusarium oxysporum Cuba specialized form
(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense, Foc) infects and causes vascular bundle necrosis
A kind of crushing fungal disease and typical soil-borne disease, be the destructive disease of banana.Chemistry
Medicament be control of plant disease the most directly, effectively, method easily, but due to pathogen from root,
Basal part of stem infects in vascular bundle after invading and spreads, and general chemical agent is difficult to gather effect.Banana resists
Droop breeding difficulty is big, and the cycle is long, and the prevention and controls of current banana blight mainly includes resisting
Sick breeding preventing and treating, chemical control, biological control, agricultural measures preventing and treating etc., wherein biological control
For popular direction in recent years, it it is one of method solving this difficult problem as early as possible.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the microbial manure of a kind of resisting banana vascular wilt, preparation method
And application.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of anti-banana is withered
Sick microbial organic fertilizer, its raw material includes following component by weight: inorganic fertilizer 35-64
Part, organic fertilizer 20-40 part, humic acid 6-16 part, filler 4-16 part and the micro-life of anti-blight
Thing microbial inoculum, described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent makes in every gram of described microbial manure containing the lowest
In 8 × 109The anti-blight microbial bacteria of cfu.
Preferably, the microbial manure of the resisting banana vascular wilt of the present invention, its raw material is by weight
Including following component: inorganic fertilizer 37-56 part, organic fertilizer 20-35 part, humic acid 8-10 part,
Filler 12-15 part and anti-blight microbial bacterial agent, described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent makes
Containing being not less than 10 × 10 in every gram of described microbial manure9The anti-blight microbial bacteria of cfu.
Microbial manure of the present invention, contain in described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent is micro-
Biological flora includes bacillus subtilis R31, bacillus subtilis TR21, bacillus subtilis
4-5 kind in B215, bacillus licheniformis 201 or bacillus licheniformis 202 and Serratieae.
Preferably, described anti-blight microorganism species includes bacillus subtilis R31, withered grass
Bacillus TR21, bacillus subtilis B 2 15, bacillus licheniformis 201, lichens gemma bar
Bacterium 202 and Serratieae；By Microflora ratio, bacillus subtilis R31: bacillus subtilis
Bacterium TR21: bacillus subtilis B 2 15: bacillus licheniformis 201: bacillus licheniformis 202:
Serratieae=(1～2): (1～2): (1～2): (1～2): (1～2): 1.
It is highly preferred that described anti-blight microorganism species includes bacillus subtilis R31, withered
Grass bacillus TR21, bacillus subtilis B 2 15, bacillus licheniformis 201, lichens gemma
Bacillus 202 and Serratieae；By Microflora ratio, bacillus subtilis R31: withered grass gemma
Bacillus TR21: bacillus subtilis B 2 15: bacillus licheniformis 201: bacillus licheniformis 202:
Serratieae=1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1.
Further, preferably apply effect to obtain, withered grass in every gram of microbial manure
Bacillus R31 >=1.6 × 109Cfu, bacillus subtilis TR21 >=1.6 × 109Cfu, withered grass
Bacillus B215 >=1.6 × 109Cfu, bacillus licheniformis 201 >=1.6 × 109Cfu, lichens
Bacillus 202 >=1.6 × 109Cfu, Serratieae >=1.6 × 109cfu。
Bacillus subtilis R31 of the present invention, bacillus subtilis TR21, withered grass gemma
Bacillus B215, bacillus licheniformis 201, bacillus licheniformis 202 and Serratieae are ability
Field technique personnel are understood and are obtained in that and for realizing the known flora of the present invention, the present invention
Can choose from vendors, such as Shandong Vland Biotech Co., Ltd..
Organic fertilizer of the present invention is selected from treaster, furfural dregs, mushroom residue, dregs of beans, grass
One or more in wood ash, silkworm excrement or wormcast, organic fertilizer first passes through in advance and thoroughly becomes thoroughly decomposed
Fermentation, the mushroom residue preferably become thoroughly decomposed or furfural dregs.Organic fertilizer of the present invention is ability
Field technique personnel understood, it is possible to the known raw material being commercially available.
Organic fertilizer needs to become thoroughly decomposed by fermentation thoroughly before use, the organic matter become thoroughly decomposed the most completely
In addition to foul smelling, the most substantial amounts of fly, nematode, weed seed, pathogenic microorganism,
Harmful parasites is mixed in wherein, easily causes crop generation pest and disease damage.Concrete fermentation maturity
For prior art, this is not particularly limited by the present invention.
Inorganic fertilizer of the present invention includes by weight: urea 15-25 part, potassium sulfate
10-20 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-3 part, calcium superphosphate 9-16 part；Preferably urea is 15-20 part,
Potassium sulfate is 10-18 part, and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is 1-2 part, and calcium superphosphate is 9-16 part.Institute of the present invention
The inorganic fertilizer stated is selected from commercially available known product.
Filler of the present invention is one or more in stone flour, diatomite, White Carbon black,
Preferably diatomite.
The microbial manure of the resisting banana vascular wilt of the present invention can effectively reduce banana blight
Susceptible gene, can regulate edaphon flora simultaneously, make soil health develop.
For realizing another object of the present invention, adopt the following technical scheme that: a kind of anti-banana
The preparation method of the microbial manure of droop, comprises the following steps:
(1) being mixed by organic fertilizer, stack fermentation, overlying has moisture-heat preservation effect
Material, turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-60 DEG C in heap, and turning over every 20-24 hour
Heap once, after 2-3 turning, fermentation ends first；
(2) after the fermentation that step (1) obtains, the material temperature of mixture is down to less than 25 DEG C,
Add anti-blight microbial bacterial agent to stir, again ferment, every 0.5-2 hour
Turning once, after 7-8 turning, secondary time fermentation ends；
(3) step (2) gained is mixed with humic acid and filler, pulverizes and stir,
Granulating, dry；
(4) inorganic fertilizer particle is mixed with step (3) gained particle, obtain anti-banana
The microbial manure of droop.
Wherein, preferably inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and filler are crushed to 0.1-1.2mm respectively
After again it is mixed with other raw materials, preferred by inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and filler
It is crushed to 0.6-0.8mm respectively.
In step (3), the particle diameter of secondary granulating is 2-4mm, preferably 2.5-3mm.
Preparation method of the present invention simple for process, is beneficial to produce.
The microbial manure of the present invention is applicable to banana plantation, particularly droop region of disease
Territory, can make disposable base manure when fertilising and apply, and needs the most also can add according to crop.
The microbial manure of the present invention can not only reduce the incidence of disease of banana blight, solves it
The problem of his soil-borne disease residual, can also regulate edaphon environment simultaneously, is conducive to
The sound development of soil, the microbial manure banana production using the present invention increases substantially.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the production procedure schematic diagram of the microbial manure of resisting banana vascular wilt of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Raw material in following embodiment is commercially available prod, and wherein urea is peaceful purchased from CNPC
Summer petro-chemical corporation, agricultural primes (GB2440-2001)；Potassium sulfate is purchased from Xinjiang Lop Nur
Sylvite Co., Ltd, agricultural primes (GB20406-2006)；Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is purchased from peace
Chemical inc of state, emblem six, seconds (GB10205-2001)；Calcium superphosphate is purchased from
Shuan Ling chemical inc of Shaanxi Province, seconds (GB20413-2006).Become thoroughly decomposed mushroom
Slag is purchased from Cangshan County Ge Runfei industry Co., Ltd.Plant ash is purchased from electricity ring in Boxing County, Shandong Province
Space biomass energy steam power plant.Microbial inoculum is purchased from Shandong Vland Biotech Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1
The microbial manure particular make-up of resisting banana vascular wilt described in the present embodiment is as follows:
Organic fertilizer: become thoroughly decomposed mushroom residue 35g completely；
Inorganic fertilizer: urea 17g, potassium sulfate 16g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 2g, calcium superphosphate 10g；
Filler: diatomite 5g；
Humic acid 6g；Anti-blight microbial bacterial agent.
Anti-blight microbial bacterial agent makes in every gram of microbial manure containing being not less than 10,000,000,000 cfu
Anti-blight microbial bacteria.
Wherein, every gram of described microbial manure includes 1,700,000,000 cfu bacillus subtilis R31,
1700000000 cfu bacillus subtilis TR21,1,700,000,000 cfu bacillus subtilis B 2s 15,1,700,000,000
Cfu bacillus licheniformis 201,1,700,000,000 cfu bacillus licheniformis 202s, 1,700,000,000 cfu sand thunders
Salmonella.
Prepare the microbial inoculum used by anti-blight microbial bacterial agent and be commercially available prod, by microorganism
Viable count in fertilizer formula requires to convert successively weighing.Such as in the present embodiment used withered
Grass bacillus R31 (20,000,000,000/gram) purchased from Shandong Vland Biotech Co., Ltd., often
Gram microbial manure needs to weigh commercially available bacillus subtilis (20,000,000,000/gram) 0.085 gram.
As it is shown in figure 1, the preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer described in the present embodiment is as follows:
(1) mushroom residue completely that will become thoroughly decomposed is crushed to 0.8mm, stacks fermentation, overlying plastics
Waterproof cloth or other there is the material of moisture-heat preservation effect, when temperature reaches 55 DEG C in heap for the first time
Turning, and every turning in 24 hours once, after 3 turnings, fermentation ends first；
(2) after the fermentation that step (1) obtains, the material temperature of mixture is down to less than 25 DEG C,
Add anti-blight microbial bacterial agent to stir, again ferment, every 0.5-2 hour
Once, after 7-8 turning, secondary fermentation terminates in turning；
(3) by step (2) gained and humic acid, diatomite mixing, pulverize and stir
Mix uniformly, granulating, dry；
(4) inorganic fertilizer particle is mixed with step (3) gained particle, obtain anti-banana
The microbial manure of droop.
Embodiment 2
The microbial manure particular make-up of the resisting banana vascular wilt described in the present embodiment is as follows:
Organic fertilizer: become thoroughly decomposed mushroom residue 35g completely；
Inorganic fertilizer: urea 17g, potassium sulfate 16g, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 2g, calcium superphosphate 10g；
Filler: diatomite 5g；
Humic acid 6g；Anti-blight microbial bacterial agent.
Described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent makes in every gram of described bio-organic fertilizer containing the lowest
Anti-blight microbial bacteria in 13,700,000,000 cfu.
Wherein, every gram of described microbial organic fertilizer includes 25.5 hundred million cfu bacillus subtilis
Bacterium R31,25.5 hundred million cfu bacillus subtilis TR21,25.5 hundred million cfu bacillus subtilises
B215,25.5 hundred million cfu bacillus licheniformis 201s, 25.5 hundred million cfu bacillus licheniformis 202s,
1700000000 cfu Serratieaes.
The preparation of anti-blight microbial bacterial agent uses ordinary skill in the art means.
Preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3-5
Compared with Example 1, distinctive points is only that formula difference, concrete such as table 1:
Table 1 each raw material proportioning
Comparative example 1
For verifying the application effect of bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention further, the present invention sets up
Contrast test, length is limited, the most only enumerate comparative example the most targetedly for reference.
Varieties of plant Brazil, if 6 process, does not set repetition.During transplanting, dissolve bio-feritlizer
Pouring banana seedlings, is monthly processed by same procedure 1 time afterwards, takes out flower bud to banana.Each process
It is 1 community, 1 mu, each community, plant 100 strain bananas.Banana planting early stage 40kg/ mu,
(25 leaf phase) topdress 50kg/ mu mid-term in growth, takes out the flower bud phase and topdresses 60kg/ mu.Comparison fertilizer choosing
Select organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control is carried out according to Routine Management method.
Process 1: area 5 mu, comparison fertilizer nutrient content is consistent with microbial manure of the present invention,
But do not contain microorganism species.Process 2: area 5 mu, anti-obtained by the embodiment of the present invention 1
Sick microbial manure.Process 3: use the anti-disease microbial fertilizer obtained by present example 2.
Process 4: use the anti-disease microbial fertilizer obtained by present example 3.Process 5: use this
Anti-disease microbial fertilizer obtained by invention example 4.Process 6: use present example 5 made
The anti-disease microbial fertilizer obtained.Process 7: use the anti-disease microbial obtained by present example 6
Fertilizer.
Table 2 using effect is added up
| Process | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Yield (kg/ mu) | 1950 | 2612 | 3006 | 2537 | 2693 | 2831 | 2528 |
| Susceptible gene (%) | 52% | 17% | 0 | 21% | 11% | 8% | 23% |
| Microbial bacteria quantity | 0 | 10200000000 | 13700000000 | 8800000000 | 9000000000 | 10000000000 | 8500000000 |
As can be seen here, the banana not only yield using bio-feritlizer of the present invention increases substantially, and
Susceptible gene also has significantly decline, improves soil organic matter content simultaneously, environmentally friendly.
Although, the most with a general description of the specific embodiments the present invention is made
Detailed description, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this
Will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, without departing from present invention spirit
On the basis of these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the microbial manure of a resisting banana vascular wilt, it is characterised in that: its raw material is by weight
Amount part includes following component: inorganic fertilizer 35-64 part, organic fertilizer 20-40 part, humic acid 6-16
Part, filler 4-16 part and anti-blight microbial bacterial agent, described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent
Make in every gram of described microbial manure containing being not less than 8 × 109The anti-blight microbial bacteria of cfu；
The microorganism species contained in described anti-blight microbial bacterial agent includes bacillus subtilis
Bacterium R31, bacillus subtilis TR21, bacillus subtilis B 2 15, bacillus licheniformis 201,
4-5 kind in bacillus licheniformis 202 and Serratieae；
By Microflora ratio, described microorganism species includes being followed successively by (1～2): (1～2): (1～2):
(1～2): (1～2): the bacillus subtilis R31 of 1, bacillus subtilis TR21, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus B215, bacillus licheniformis 201, bacillus licheniformis 202, Serratieae；
Described organic fertilizer is selected from treaster, furfural dregs, mushroom residue, dregs of beans, plant ash, silkworm
One or more in sand or wormcast, organic fertilizer first passes through fermentation of thoroughly becoming thoroughly decomposed in advance；Described
Inorganic fertilizer includes by weight: urea 15-25 part, potassium sulfate 10-20 part, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 1-3
Part, calcium superphosphate 9-16 part.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: its raw material is by weight
Amount part includes following component: inorganic fertilizer 37-56 part, organic fertilizer 20-35 part, humic acid 8-10
Part, filler 12-15 part and anti-blight microbial bacterial agent, described anti-blight microbial bacteria
Agent makes in every gram of described microbial manure containing being not less than 10 × 109The anti-blight microorganism of cfu
Bacterium.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: by flora
Quantity ratio, described anti-blight microorganism species includes being followed successively by the withered of 1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1.5:1
Grass bacillus R31, bacillus subtilis TR21, bacillus subtilis B 2 15, lichens gemma
Bacillus 201, bacillus licheniformis 202, Serratieae.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described organic
Fertilizer is the mushroom residue or furfural dregs become thoroughly decomposed.
Microbial manure the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described inorganic
In fertilizer, urea is 15-20 part, and potassium sulfate is 10-18 part, and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is 1-2 part, mistake
Calcium phosphate is 9-16 part.
6. the preparation of the microbial manure of resisting banana vascular wilt described in any one of claim 1-5
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) being mixed by organic fertilizer, stack fermentation, overlying has moisture-heat preservation effect
Material, turning for the first time when temperature reaches 50-60 DEG C in heap, and turning over every 20-24 hour
Heap once, after 2-3 turning, obtains mixture after fermentation, first fermentation ends；
(2) after the fermentation that step (1) obtains, the material temperature of mixture is down to less than 25 DEG C,
Add anti-blight microbial bacterial agent to stir, again ferment, every 0.5-2 hour
Once, after 7-8 turning, secondary fermentation terminates in turning；
(3) step (2) gained is mixed with humic acid and filler, pulverizes and stir,
Granulating, dry；
(4) inorganic fertilizer particle is mixed with step (3) gained particle, obtain anti-banana
The microbial manure of droop.
The preparation method of microbial manure the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The particle diameter of secondary granulating is 2-4mm, preferably 2.5-3mm.
8. the application of the microbial manure of resisting banana vascular wilt described in any one of claim 1-5.
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| CN116746353B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2024-04-19 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Method for preventing and controlling banana vascular wilt by fertilizer adjustment |
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| CN103204744A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-17 | 山东宝源生物有限公司 | Environment-friendly organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| WO2014083033A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Bayer Cropsience Ag | Binary fungicidal or pesticidal mixture |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014083033A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Bayer Cropsience Ag | Binary fungicidal or pesticidal mixture |
| CN103172437A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-06-26 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | Liquid compound microbial fertilizer containing polyglutamic acid, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103204744A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-17 | 山东宝源生物有限公司 | Environment-friendly organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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