CN110776374A - Fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizer preparation. The fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt comprises the following components: n, P
2O
5、K
2O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, complex microbial inoculum, plant ash, an anti-wilt agent, groundsel, European water chestnut, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine, cellulose gum, boron and molybdenum. The fertilizer is prepared by the steps of grinding, mixing, high-temperature fermentation, low-temperature fermentation and the like. The fertilizer preparation method is suitable for large-scale production, and the prepared fertilizer can effectively prevent banana wilt and simultaneously improve the yield of bananas, and has a wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer preparation, in particular to a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bananas, Rosaceae, banana, a red flower and fruit, also called pineapple bananas, red berries, blackberries and the like, are heart-shaped in appearance, are delicious, red and tender, have juicy pulp, and contain special strong fruit fragrance. The abundant vitamin C in banana can prevent scurvy, and has positive prevention effect on arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, angina, cerebral hemorrhage, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and the like. The pectin and cellulose contained in banana can promote gastrointestinal motility, improve constipation, and prevent hemorrhoid and intestinal cancer. The amines contained in banana has certain curative effect on leukemia and aplastic anemia.
Banana Wilt (Banana Fusarium wild), also known as panama disease, yellow leaf disease and Banana Fusarium Wilt, is firstly discovered in Australia in 1874, epidemic in central America in 1890, 1935 in 1939 in south America, so that Banana garden is damaged by the Banana Wilt, the Banana Wilt is found in Guangxi tribute Banana in 1960 in China, and thereafter large-area morbidity is found in provinces such as Hainan, Taiwan, Guangdong and Yunnan, the morbidity is 3.2% -26%, the serious morbidity is up to 60%, and destructive loss is often caused, so the Banana Wilt is called as 'cancer' by farmers. At present, no ideal medicament for preventing and treating banana vascular wilt exists. Researches are carried out on aspects of disease resistance breeding, biological bacteria prevention, plant extracts, crop rotation and the like, a certain effect is achieved, and banana vascular wilt is only reduced, but at present, banana vascular wilt in each banana production area is still in a threat state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that banana fertilizers in the prior art cannot prevent and treat the vascular wilt.
For this purpose, the invention proposes the following solutions:
a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt comprises the following components in parts by weight: n32-45 parts, P
2O
522-40 parts of K
212-26 parts of O, 19-30 parts of wormcast, 9-15 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7-13 parts of complex microbial inoculum, 11-18 parts of plant ash, 7-17 parts of anti-wilt agent, 4-8 parts of groundsel, 2-8 parts of European water chestnut, 1-6 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 0.7-2 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.4-1.6 parts of cellulose gum, 0.07-0.22 part of boron and 0.04-0.17 part of molybdenum.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: n38 parts, P
2O
531 parts of, K
217 parts of O, 25 parts of wormcast, 12 parts of nitrohumic acid, 11 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 15 parts of plant ash, 14 parts of anti-wilt agent, 5 parts of groundsel, 4 parts of European water chestnut, 3 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 1.6 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.8 part of cellulose gum, 0.17 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
Preferably, the complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 26-31 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18-22 parts of putrefying spirillum and 7-20 parts of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Preferably, the complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 28 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of putrefying spirillum and 16 parts of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
Preferably, the content of each strain of the lactobacillus plantarum, the EM microbial inoculum, the putrefying spirillum and the phanerochaete chrysosporium is 4-11 hundred million cfu/g.
Preferably, the N element in the fertilizer component is provided by urea and monoammonium phosphate, P
2O
5Provided by calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate, K
2O is provided by potassium chloride。
A preparation method of a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed
2O
5And K
2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-85 mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed
2O
5、K
2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, groundsel, European water chestnut, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 380 parts of water 290-;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 22-31 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for dilution, making a circular hole with the diameter at the top of the fermentation pile, directly communicating the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 3-5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during first turning over, turning over for 2-5 times, wherein the total fermentation time is 17-22 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
Preferably, the fermentation pile is piled up to 2-3m in step S2, maintaining the moisture content of the fermentation product at 34%.
Preferably, in step S2, the stack is turned when the temperature of the fermented product reaches 52 ℃, and then turned every 12 hours for 4.
Preferably, in step S3, water is added to the complex microbial inoculum to dilute the complex microbial inoculum to a mass concentration of 2-4%, round holes with a diameter of 3-6cm are formed at intervals of 50cm at the top of the fermentation pile, and the round holes are directly communicated to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then the diluted complex microbial inoculum is poured in.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. as can be seen from Table 1, the yield per plant of the examples is more than 30kg, the incidence rate of the blight is controlled below 6.5%, and the best example is the best example 3. The average yield of the single plants in examples 1 to 3 is 31.4kg, which is 16.73% higher than the average yield of the single plants in comparative examples 1 to 5; the average of the blight morbidity of examples 1 to 3 was 5.43%, which was 69.73% lower than that of comparative examples 1 to 5; the average total sugar content of examples 1-3 was 39.67%, which is 46.93% higher than that of comparative examples 1-5; the average content of starch in examples 1-3 is 5.43%, which is 17.59% higher than that in comparative examples 1-5; therefore, the lack of a certain component in the fertilizer can have great influence on the planting effect.
2. In the fertilizer, the compound microbial inoculum can reduce the content of nitrate and heavy metal in plants, can improve the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in fruits, can inhibit the growth of fungi such as actinomycetes and the like in soil, and provides better growth conditions for plants; the anti-wilt agent can effectively inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as fusarium oxysporum and the like, effectively reduce the record of infection of young tissues with the wilt, and improve the area of banana leaves, thereby promoting the good growth of plants; the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether is a natural polymer, each cellulose ring contains three hydroxyl groups, at the fertilizing point, the pH of a saturated solution in the micro-area soil range can reach 1-1.5, the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether and Ca ions in the soil react with phosphate ions to generate dicalcium phosphate and octacalcium phosphate, and finally most of the hydroxyapatite forms stable hydroxyapatite, so that the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether has a great effect on the stability of the pH of the soil; 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, its function lies in inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil, thus inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in the soil, make the ammonium nitrogen fertilizer applied into soil can be adsorbed by the colloid in the form of ammonium root ion for a long time, prevent the leaching and denitrification of nitrate nitrogen, reduce the nonproductive loss of nitrogen, play a role in improving the absorption rate of plant N; by comprehensively comparing the data in table 1, it can be found that the combined use of the complex microbial inoculum, the anti-wilt agent, the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether and the 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine can exert a better synergistic effect and can better promote the growth of banana trees.
3. The banana fertilizer prepared by the invention has the advantages of reasonable N, P, K content ratio and high nutrition efficiency, can provide nutrient elements required by banana growth, is beneficial to banana absorption, can provide sufficient nutrients for plants, can eliminate side effects brought by chemical fertilizers, and improves the blight-resistant effect of bananas; the quality of the soil in the banana garden is effectively improved, the soil environment is improved, the organic matter content of the soil is increased, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased, and therefore the effects of increasing the yield and the income are achieved. Bananas planted by the fertilizer are rich in nutrition and good in taste; the yield increasing effect of bananas is obvious after the fertilizer is adopted, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
Example 1
A fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt comprises the following components in parts by weight: n32 parts, P
2O
522 parts of, K
212 parts of O, 19 parts of wormcast, 9 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 11 parts of plant ash, 7 parts of anti-wilt agent, 4 parts of groundsel, 2 parts of European water chestnut, 1 part of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 0.7 part of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.4 part of cellulose gum, 0.07 part of boron and 0.04 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 26 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18 parts of putrefying spirillum and 7 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 4 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component is provided by urea and monoammonium phosphate, and P
2O
5Provided by calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate, K
2O is provided by potassium chloride.
A preparation method of a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed
2O
5And K
2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed
2O
5、K
2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, groundsel, European pedicellus et pericarpium Trapae, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 290 parts of water, stirring and mixingCombining, stacking the fermented materials to 2m, keeping the water content of the fermented materials between 27%, covering the fermented materials with a heat-preservation coating, turning the fermented materials when the temperature of the fermented materials reaches 47 ℃, and turning the fermented materials once every 10 hours until 2 times of turning;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 22 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 2%, making circular holes with the diameter of 3cm at intervals of 50cm at the top of the fermentation pile, directly introducing the circular holes to the middle part of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 3 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 2 times until the total fermentation time is 17 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The fertilizer application method comprises the steps of ploughing off old roots of bananas in soil needing new planting, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.57m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing an phoxim missible oil diluent and a carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 6 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 19 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.7 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 0.3m at 55cm of the root of a banana, applying 70kg of base fertilizer per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
a710-fold diluted phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 55kg of the phoxim missible oil solution is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 410 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 521 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 183g per plant.
The wilt-resistant agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 15 parts of mixed microbial inoculum and wheatEar skin 11 parts, dimethyl sulfoxide 4 parts and MgSO
44 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 1.7 parts of xanthan gum and 2.1 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.2:0.5:1, and the content of each strain is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO
4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance at vibration frequency of 45.7Hz to obtain mixed powder A;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding 35 parts of xanthan gum and deionized water, and hermetically stirring at 36 ℃ for 31min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 55min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 2
A fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt comprises the following components in parts by weight: n45 parts, P
2O
540 parts of, K
226 parts of O, 30 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of nitrohumic acid, 13 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 18 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of anti-wilt agent, 8 parts of groundsel, 8 parts of European water chestnut, 6 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine, 1.6 parts of cellulose gum, 0.22 part of boron and 0.17 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 31 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 22 parts of putrefying spirillum and 20 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 11 hundred million cfu/g.
The N element in the fertilizer component is provided by urea and monoammonium phosphate, and P
2O
5Provided by calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate, K
2O is provided by potassium chloride.
A preparation method of a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt comprises the following steps:
s1: n is reacted with,P
2O
5And K
2Grinding, then sieving with a 85-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed
2O
5、K
2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, senecio, European water chestnut, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 380 parts of water, stirring and mixing, stacking the fermentation pile to 3m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product between 40%, covering the fermentation pile with a heat-preservation coating, turning the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 55 ℃, turning the fermentation pile once every 15 hours until 5 times of turning;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 31 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to the mass concentration of 4%, making circular holes with the diameter of 6cm at intervals of 50cm at the top of the fermentation pile, directly introducing the circular holes to the middle part of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 5 times until the total fermentation time is 22 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The fertilizer application method comprises the steps of ploughing off old roots of bananas in soil needing new planting, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.57m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing an phoxim missible oil diluent and a carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 6 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 19 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.7 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 0.3m at 55cm of the root of a banana, applying 70kg of base fertilizer per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
a710-fold diluted phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 55kg of the phoxim missible oil solution is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 410 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 521 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 183g per plant.
The wilt-resistant agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 15 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 11 parts of wheat ear skin, 4 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO
44 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 1.7 parts of xanthan gum and 2.1 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.2:0.5:1, and the content of each strain is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO
4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance at vibration frequency of 45.7Hz to obtain mixed powder A;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding 35 parts of xanthan gum and deionized water, and hermetically stirring at 36 ℃ for 31min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 55min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Example 3
A fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt comprises the following components in parts by weight: n38 parts, P
2O
531 parts of, K
217 parts of O, 25 parts of wormcast, 12 parts of nitrohumic acid, 11 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 15 parts of plant ash, 14 parts of anti-wilt agent, 5 parts of groundsel, 4 parts of European water chestnut, 3 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 1.6 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.8 part of cellulose gum, 0.17 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
The complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 28 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of putrefying spirillum and 16 parts of phanerochaete chrysosporium, wherein the content of each strain is 8 hundred million cfu/g.
FertilizerThe N element in the component is provided by urea and monoammonium phosphate, P
2O
5Provided by calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate, K
2O is provided by potassium chloride.
A preparation method of a fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed
2O
5And K
2Grinding, then sieving with a 70-mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed
2O
5、K
2Putting O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, groundsel, European water chestnut, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 330 parts of water, stirring and mixing, stacking the fermentation pile to 3m, keeping the water content of the fermentation product to be 34%, covering the fermentation pile with a heat-preservation coating, turning the fermentation pile when the temperature of the fermentation product reaches 52 ℃, and turning the fermentation pile once every 12 hours until the pile is turned for 4;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 26 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for diluting to 3% of mass concentration, making a round hole with the diameter of 5cm at the top of the fermentation pile every 50cm, directly introducing the round hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 4 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during the first turning over, turning over for 4 times until the total fermentation time is 20 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
The fertilizer application method comprises the steps of ploughing off old roots of bananas in soil needing new planting, deeply ploughing the soil for 0.57m, meanwhile, spreading 67 kg of lime per mu, mixing an phoxim missible oil diluent and a carbendazim wettable powder under natural conditions for 6 days, spraying the mixture on the surface of the soil, planting after 19 days, planting new banana seedlings, and paving peat soil during the cultivation of the new banana seedlings;
ditching and deeply applying fertilizers, namely ditching a ditch with the length, width and height of 0.7 multiplied by 0.4 multiplied by 0.3m at 55cm of the root of a banana, applying 70kg of base fertilizer per mu on average, covering with a layer of straw after applying the fertilizers, and covering with soil;
a710-fold diluted phoxim missible oil solution and carbendazim wettable powder are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2, and 55kg of the phoxim missible oil solution is sprayed on the surface of soil per mu.
Dividing the banana fruit period into a flower bud differentiation period, a bud extraction period and a fruit strengthening period, and dressing once per month, wherein the total fertilizer input amount in the flower bud differentiation period is 410 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the bud drawing period is 521 g/plant; the total fertilizer input amount in the fruit strengthening period is 183g per plant.
The wilt-resistant agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of animal viscera, 26 parts of animal bone meal, 28 parts of rhizoma coptidis from Sichuan of China, 22 parts of oil cake, 15 parts of mixed microbial inoculum, 11 parts of wheat ear skin, 4 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide and MgSO
44 parts of allyl propyl disulfide, 1.7 parts of xanthan gum and 2.1 parts of xanthan gum.
The mixed microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing trichoderma harzianum, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and candida utilis according to the mass ratio of 2:1.2:0.5:1, and the content of each strain is 3 hundred million cfu/g.
The preparation method of the anti-wilt agent in the banana fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing animal viscera, animal bone powder, rhizoma Coptidis, oil cake, wheat ear skin, dimethyl sulfoxide, and MgSO
4Mixing allyl propyl disulfide uniformly, and grinding to 500 μm by high-frequency resonance at vibration frequency of 45.7Hz to obtain mixed powder A;
s2: treating the mixed powder A with ozone plasma, adding 35 parts of xanthan gum and deionized water, and hermetically stirring at 36 ℃ for 31min to obtain mixed powder B;
s3: and adding the mixed microbial inoculum into the mixed powder B, stirring for 55min, and uniformly mixing to obtain the anti-wilt agent.
Comparative example 1
The fertilizer composition, preparation method and application method were substantially the same as in example 3, except that the complex microbial inoculum was not added to the fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
The fertilizer composition, preparation and application were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no anti-wilt agent was added to the fertilizer.
Comparative example 3
The fertilizer composition, preparation and application were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no cellulose hydroxyethyl ether was added to the fertilizer.
Comparative example 4
The fertilizer composition, preparation and application were essentially the same as in example 3, except that no 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine was added to the fertilizer.
Comparative example 5
The fertilizer composition, preparation and application were substantially the same as in example 3 except that the fertilizer was not supplemented with the combination bacterial agent, anti-wilt agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine.
Dividing the field into 8 test areas with the area of 5 mu in the gross part of the golden ear agriculture group in Longan county, Guangxi, respectively planting 145 new banana seedlings with the plant height of 14-20cm per mu by using the methods of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-5, counting the yield of bananas in the harvest period and the number of blight infections of each group, and averaging to obtain the average single banana yield and the blight infection rate of each group; then 1kg of bananas are extracted from each group, and the content of the nutrient components is detected according to GB-T9827-.
TABLE 1 Banana yield, wilt infection rate and nutrient content Table
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield per plant of the examples is more than 30kg, the incidence rate of the blight is controlled below 6.5%, and the best example is the best example 3. The average yield of the single plants in examples 1 to 3 is 31.4kg, which is 16.73% higher than the average yield of the single plants in comparative examples 1 to 5; the average of the blight morbidity of examples 1 to 3 was 5.43%, which was 69.73% lower than that of comparative examples 1 to 5; the average total sugar content of examples 1-3 was 39.67%, which is 46.93% higher than that of comparative examples 1-5; the average content of starch in examples 1-3 is 5.43%, which is 17.59% higher than that in comparative examples 1-5; therefore, the lack of a certain component in the fertilizer can have great influence on the planting effect.
In the fertilizer, the compound microbial inoculum can reduce the content of nitrate and heavy metal in plants, can improve the content of vitamin C and soluble sugar in fruits, can inhibit the growth of fungi such as actinomycetes and the like in soil, and provides better growth conditions for plants; the anti-wilt agent can effectively inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as fusarium oxysporum and the like, effectively reduce the record of infection of young tissues with the wilt, and improve the area of banana leaves, thereby promoting the good growth of plants; the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether is a natural polymer, each cellulose ring contains three hydroxyl groups, at the fertilizing point, the pH of a saturated solution in the micro-area soil range can reach 1-1.5, the hydroxyl groups in the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether and Ca ions in the soil react with phosphate ions to generate dicalcium phosphate and octacalcium phosphate, and finally most of the hydroxyapatite forms stable hydroxyapatite, so that the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether has a great effect on the stability of the pH of the soil; 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, its function lies in inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil, thus inhibit the nitrification of ammonium nitrogen in the soil, make the ammonium nitrogen fertilizer applied into soil can be adsorbed by the colloid in the form of ammonium root ion for a long time, prevent the leaching and denitrification of nitrate nitrogen, reduce the nonproductive loss of nitrogen, play a role in improving the absorption rate of plant N; by comprehensively comparing the data in table 1, it can be found that the combined use of the complex microbial inoculum, the anti-wilt agent, the cellulose hydroxyethyl ether and the 2-chloro-6-trichloromethyl pyridine can exert a better synergistic effect and can better promote the growth of banana trees.
Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present invention. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.
Claims (10)
1. A fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana wilt is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: n32-45 parts, P
2O
522-40 parts of K
212-26 parts of O, 19-30 parts of wormcast, 9-15 parts of nitrohumic acid, 7-13 parts of complex microbial inoculum, 11-18 parts of plant ash, 7-17 parts of anti-wilt agent, 4-8 parts of groundsel, 2-8 parts of European water chestnut, 1-6 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 0.7-2 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.4-1.6 parts of cellulose gum, 0.07-0.22 part of boron and 0.04-0.17 part of molybdenum.
2. The fertilizer for controlling banana vascular wilt according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight: n38 parts, P
2O
531 parts of, K
217 parts of O, 25 parts of wormcast, 12 parts of nitrohumic acid, 11 parts of composite microbial inoculum, 15 parts of plant ash, 14 parts of anti-wilt agent, 5 parts of groundsel, 4 parts of European water chestnut, 3 parts of cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 1.6 parts of 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine, 0.8 part of cellulose gum, 0.17 part of boron and 0.11 part of molybdenum.
3. The fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt according to claim 1, wherein said complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 26-31 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 18-22 parts of putrefying spirillum and 7-20 parts of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
4. The fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt according to claim 1 or 3, wherein said complex microbial inoculum comprises the following components in parts by weight: 38 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, 28 parts of EM microbial inoculum, 20 parts of putrefying spirillum and 16 parts of Phanerochaete chrysosporium.
5. The fertilizer for controlling banana vascular wilt according to claim 3, wherein the content of each strain of Lactobacillus plantarum, EM microbial inoculum, putrefying spirillum and Phanerochaete chrysosporium is 4-11 hundred million cfu/g.
6. The fertilizer for controlling banana vascular wilt according to claim 1, wherein the N element in the fertilizer component is provided by urea and monoammonium phosphate, and P is provided by monoammonium phosphate
2O
5Provided by calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and monoammonium phosphate, K
2O is provided by potassium chloride.
7. A method for preparing the fertilizer for preventing and treating banana vascular wilt as claimed in any one of claims 1-6, which comprises the following steps:
s1: n, P will be mixed
2O
5And K
2Grinding, then sieving with a 65-85 mesh sieve, and continuously grinding residues;
s2: n, P will be mixed
2O
5、K
2Placing O, wormcast, nitrohumic acid, plant ash, groundsel, European water chestnut, boron and molybdenum into a fermentation tank, adding 380 parts of water 290-;
s3: removing the heat-preservation coating on the fermentation pile after the step S2, naturally cooling to 22-31 ℃, adding water into the composite microbial inoculum for dilution, making a circular hole with the diameter at the top of the fermentation pile, directly communicating the circular hole to the middle of the fermentation pile, and pouring the diluted composite microbial inoculum; turning over every 3-5 hours, adding an anti-withering agent, cellulose hydroxyethyl ether, 2-chloro-6-trichloromethylpyridine and cellulose gum during first turning over, turning over for 2-5 times, wherein the total fermentation time is 17-22 days, and deeply turning over the fermented substance every 8 days after the previous turning over to obtain the fertilizer.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fermentation heap is raised to 2-3m in step S2 to maintain the moisture content of the fermentation product at 34%.
9. The method for preparing fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt according to claim 7, wherein in step S2, when the temperature of the fermented product reaches 52 ℃, turning is performed, and then turning is performed every 12 hours until 4 turns.
10. The preparation method of the fertilizer capable of preventing and treating banana vascular wilt according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, water is added to the complex microbial inoculum to dilute the complex microbial inoculum to a mass concentration of 2-4%, round holes with a diameter of 3-6cm are made at intervals of 50cm at the top of the fermentation pile and are directly communicated to the middle of the fermentation pile, and then the diluted complex microbial inoculum is poured in.
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| CN116535265A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-08-04 | 河北萌帮生物科技有限公司 | Plant growth promoting nutritional agent containing humate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN110272313A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-24 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of prevention and control fertilizer of resisting banana vascular wilt and preparation method thereof |
| CN110436988A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-11-12 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of bacteria fermentation type high phosphorus masson pine fertilizer, preparation method and its application method |
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