CN104255668B - Vespa mandarinia raising technology - Google Patents

Vespa mandarinia raising technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104255668B
CN104255668B CN201410490930.XA CN201410490930A CN104255668B CN 104255668 B CN104255668 B CN 104255668B CN 201410490930 A CN201410490930 A CN 201410490930A CN 104255668 B CN104255668 B CN 104255668B
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winter
canopy
case
honeybee
rice
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CN104255668A (en
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黄国忠
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LONGLING HUANGSHI BEE INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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LONGLING HUANGSHI BEE INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K67/00Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
    • A01K67/033Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K47/00Beehives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K49/00Rearing-boxes; Queen transporting or introducing cages

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The open a kind of Vespa mandarinia raising technology of the present invention, belong to extraordinary insecticide raising technology, by build canopy, case processed, get the raw materials ready, take kind, mating, survive the winter, point nest and wild environment are made the several link of acclimatization training and are completed, make its mating by taking from the male and female kind honeybee in field in artificial feeding mode, survive the winter, nest in the honeybee canopy, beehive of different size, moving after the most trained and put field, this technology saves manpower, honeybee power, low cost, output is high, be particularly suitable for the artificial breeding of " Discolia Vittifrons Sch. " population.

Description

Vespa mandarinia raising technology
Technical field
The invention belongs to insecticide raising technology, especially a kind of Vespa mandarinia raising technology.
Background technology
Vespa mandarinia Vespa mandarinia Smith, owing to individuality is big, property strong dry, toxicity big, stings people sometimes Causing life danger, and be assigned " tiger head honeybee " appellation, liking digging a hole in soil nesting because of it again, so being commonly called as " Discolia Vittifrons Sch. ".Wild Raw nest group is big, and Pupa Apis yield is high, conventional people in order to obtain Discolia Vittifrons Sch. pupa as the table delicacies delicacy rich in high protein, take to burn, Sootiness, even execute poison means achieve the goal, often obtain brood be all extinctive, not only to nature ecological balance not Profit, impacts this biotic population year in and year out, and the exploitation of beneficial insect this to the wasp with certain shortcoming are the most very Unfavorable;And field is collected dangerous big, obtained yield is also by severely restricts.For solving these problems, people explore successively Go out some technology, the wasp of some kind has been carried out artificial breeding, also achieves certain effect, such as Application No. 200910094826.8 " method for breeding vespa velutina auraria smith " is exactly one therein." Discolia Vittifrons Sch. ", due to the particularity of its nest, is carried out Overall nest difficulty of moving is big, and artificial feeding cost is high, and must be in two weeks in pairing-season, and every day is handed over by manual observation point note The queen bee of tail, wastes time and energy, and breeds output capacity the highest.
Summary of the invention
For problem present in above-mentioned technology, the invention aims to propose laborsaving during a kind of joint, reduce bait and become This, breed output capacity height, be particularly suitable for the manual intervention raising technology of Vespa mandarinia.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution:
Vespa mandarinia raising technology, is to choose the field kind whole reproductive process of honeybee manual intervention, by build canopy, case processed, get the raw materials ready, Take kind, mating, survive the winter, point nest, train several step to complete:
(1) building canopy: with steel pipe, angle steel scaffolding frame, herringbone ceiling and four walls become various honeybee canopy with different materials bedding:
Mating canopy: long 2-25 rice, wide 2-4 rice, high 1.8-2.5 rice, ceiling three layers from top to bottom: shading screen, plastic film, mould Gauze, three layers from the inside to surface of four walls: plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen, female, drone room cuts off opens, and every room has beverage groove;
Canopy of surviving the winter long 2-25 rice, wide 4-8 rice, high 2-3 rice, ceiling spreads four layers: shading screen, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, mould gauze, gauze screen, Four walls three layers: plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen, canopy internal upper part sets shelf, places survive the winter case, beverage groove;
Raising shed: long 2-25 rice, wide 4-8 rice, high 2-3 rice, ceiling spreads three layers: shading screen, plastic film, mould gauze, four walls Paving: plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen;
(2) case processed: make with tree bucket or plank respectively and act on different beehive:
Surviving the winter case: with long 80-100 centimetre, the tree bucket of thick 30-50 centimetre, longitudinal flat cutting block into two, on every half block point Not drawing and dig out a vertical groove and a plurality of horizontal groove, when two half blocks close up, groove group constitutes centre gangway and multiple cavern, both sides, Except a turnover hole can lead to the external world, remaining cavern is blind hole, two half blocks that will close up with the bolt of root length 35-55 centimetre Bolt is integrated and i.e. forms case of surviving the winter;
Move beehive: with long 30-40 centimetre, the tree bucket of thick 25-30 centimetre, dug by its middle xylem and dig into the tree that two is logical Bucket, bucket wall stays thick 3-5 centimetre, and bucket wall upper edge hole has two little grooves of symmetry, above shelves a ledger strip, subordinate in batten Fang Gu has a tuftlet withe bar, and bucket wall has an access hole, one plastic cement mesh bag of hole outside housing cover by middle and lower part, inside arranges one Individual beverage groove, grain wood chip, bucket medial wall is fixed with the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae skin graft that multi-disc is longitudinal, one piece of hardboard of drum head sealing, bucket top by Bung made by the plank of one piece of hinge joint.
(3) get the raw materials ready: fully prepare enough Mel, white sugar, fly, Gryllus Chinensis, locust, chafer, the old drone of Apis and Fructus Mali pumilae, Portugal Grape, pears, Fructus Ananadis comosi, clear water make bait, and bark, grain wooden unit are nested material;
(4) take kind: 9, between October by field give birth to quasi-king honeybee then and drone is fetched and puts the mating canopy room got ready respectively into Interior artificial feeding, with 1:3-4 concentration hydromel, fruit is squeezed the juice and insecticide feeds as bait, puts into beverage groove and freely takes food by honeybee Drink, note observing quasi-king's honeybee heat condition;
(5) mating: when finding that quasi-king's honeybee individuality is creeped, flight speed is accelerated, emotional lability, when manifesting restless, can The indoor that it carefully moves to close foster drone are allowed to male and female mating 2-6 minute;
(6) surviving the winter: the queen bee after mating being completed is put into and survives the winter in canopy, the inside is placed with case of surviving the winter, beverage groove, allows it freely Activity is searched for food rest, and when temperature is less than 5 DEG C, it can creep into hibernation in case of surviving the winter automatically, notes canopy inside holding, rat preservative, it is ensured that pacify Entirely survive the winter;
(7) divide nest: when temperature rises to 14-15 DEG C after the beginning of spring, the queen bee of hibernation gradually revives, climb out of case of surviving the winter successively, can fit In time, caught in the shifting beehive being put in raising shed, and a beehive puts a queen bee, by the built-in beverage groove put of plastic cement mesh bag Feed bait, insecticide and bark, material nested by grain wood, canopy temp 19 DEG C, controls wet 86%, feeds through after a while, queen bee Starting to nest and lay eggs, it should be noted that add bait, insecticide and material of nesting, weaving silk through 28 35 days Pupa Apis forms nest epiphragma i.e. " illiteracy Head ", sprouted wings after 17 20 days and first batch of worker bee;
(8) acclimatization training: just can move to open country in raising shed moving beehive when the worker bee in beehive reaches more than 5 External environment makees acclimatization training, is spaced 8 meters and places a case, but still must feed by artificial bait throwing in material, until the worker bee number in a case reaches During to more than 20, can appear on the scene transportation and sales or rotate into field farming site after changing case and be spaced 100 meters to 1 kilometer and put and a brood of naturally put Support, stop artificial feeding simultaneously.
Owing to moving whole Nidus Vespae when need not take kind when breeding bee colony by above-mentioned technology, laborsaving during joint, artificial aid mating Rate of fertilization is high, it is provided that material of nesting, and honeybee power can be saved in hole of need not cutting the earth, and therefore output capacity is greatly improved, and cost reduces, the suitableeest Artificial breeding together in Discolia Vittifrons Sch. population.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is case schematic perspective view of surviving the winter;
Fig. 2 is for moving beehive schematic perspective view;
Fig. 3 is for moving beehive sectional view;
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiment is given below and combines accompanying drawing and be described further:
Embodiment:
(1) build canopy: with steel pipe, angle steel take mating frame length 25 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2.2 meters, herringbone ceiling is from top to bottom Layering bedding 75% shading screen, plastic film, moulding gauze, four walls are mated formation plastic foil from the inside to surface, plastic wire, gauze screen, kind female, male Honeybee room separates;
Frame length 25 meters of surviving the winter, wide 8 meters, high 3 meters, herringbone ceiling layering bedding 10 15 lis is built with angle steel, steel pipe Rice Caulis et Folium Oryzae, mould gauze, steel mesh, four wall plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen, canopy internal upper part arranges shelf and places case of surviving the winter, bait Dish;
Structure cultivation frame length 25 meters, wide 8 meters, high 2.5 meters, herringbone ceiling paving shading screen, plastics are taken with angle steel, steel pipe Film, mould gauze, surrounding installing plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen;
(2) case processed: as it is shown in figure 1, with thick 50 centimetres, the tree bucket of long 100 centimetres, longitudinally cut block into two open, every half Drawing on block and dig out a vertical groove 2 and a plurality of horizontal groove 3, two half block splits constitute centre gangway and both sides cavern, except 1 is entered Going out hole 5 and can lead directly to the external world, remaining cavern is blind hole, with the bolt 4 of 55 centimeter length, half block closes up integral case of surviving the winter again;
As shown in Figure 2,3, make shifting beehive by length 35 centimetres, the tree section of thick 30 centimetres standby, draw tree section mid portion Wooden, form the tree bucket 1 that two is empty, thick 5 centimetres of its limit wall 2, along having two grooves 3 on bucket wall 2, batten 4 is horizontal is put on two On groove 3, below the middle part of batten 4, an attached solid tuftlet withe bar 5, has a hole 6 in the middle part of tree bucket 1 and leads to inner chamber, and hole is covered An intrinsic plastic cement mesh bag 7, wherein equipped with beverage groove 8, grain wood chip 12, it is fixed with multi-disc Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae bar 9 inside limit wall 2, tree bucket 1 The attached one layer of hardboard 10 of base opening pad, one block of wooden cover plate 11 of hinge joint suitable for reading;
(3) prepare enough Mel, white sugar, fly, Gryllus Chinensis, locust, chafer, the old drone of Apis, Fructus Mali pumilae, pears, Fructus Ananadis comosi, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Clear water and grain wooden unit, bark;
(4) take kind point to support: quasi-king honeybee raw then in the Vespa mandarinia nest of field and drone are fetched and are respectively put into by 9 October What mating canopy separated indoor individually feeds, and puts in beverage groove allow with the hydromel of 1:3 4, Fructus Mali pumilae, pears, Fructus Ananadis comosi, grape extraction juice Honeybee is freely drunk, and puts into the insecticide got ready for ambrosia, notes adding bait, insecticide and material of nesting, and often cleans hopper, Observe quasi-queen bee heat condition;
(5) mating: when finding that quasi-queen bee occurs that heat condition is moved into closing the indoor of drone in time, allow drone therewith Copulation, each mating 26 minutes;
(6) survive the winter: quasi-king honeybee after mating move be put into be equipped with case of surviving the winter survive the winter in canopy, still artificial feeding, allow it freely Movable rest, when temperature is reduced to 5 DEG C, queen bee will enter case hibernation of surviving the winter;
(7) dividing nest: Second Year spring, when temperature rises to 14-15 DEG C, the queen bee in hibernation gradually revives, and climbs out of more successively Winter case, it is possible to it moved on in standby shifting beehive, puts into artificial feeding in raising shed, and a case puts a queen bee, temperature control 19 DEG C, control wet 86%, note observing, add bait, insecticide and material of nesting, allow queen bee nest in case and lay eggs, through 28 35 My god, Pupa Apis " cover-head " was after 17 20 days, and first batch of worker bee goes out with regard to cocoon-break;
(8) field exercise: when worker bee number reaches more than 5, takes out raising shed shifting beehive and is put into field, be spaced 8 meters and put One case, still provides for artificial feeding, during until worker bee reaches more than 20, so that it may appears on the scene and moves on in nature after selling or changing case, Put 1 case every 100 meters to 1 kilometers, and stop artificial feeding.

Claims (1)

1. Vespa mandarinia mating system, it is characterised in that choose the field kind whole reproductive process of honeybee manual intervention, by building canopy, system Case, get the raw materials ready, take kind, mating, survive the winter, point nest and wild environment are made the several step of acclimatization training and are completed:
(1) canopy is built: with steel pipe, angle steel scaffolding frame, herringbone ceiling and four walls become various honeybee canopy with different materials bedding;
Mating canopy: long 2-25 rice, wide 2-4 rice, high 1.8-2.5 rice, ceiling three layers from top to bottom: shading screen, plastic film, mould yarn Net, three layers from the inside to surface of four walls: plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen, female, drone room cuts off opens, and every room has beverage groove;
Canopy of surviving the winter long 2-25 rice, wide 4-8 rice, high 2-3 rice, ceiling spreads four layers: shading screen, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, mould gauze, gauze screen, four walls Filling three layers: plastic film, mould gauze, gauze screen, canopy internal upper part sets shelf, places survive the winter case, beverage groove;
Raising shed long 2-25 rice, wide 4-8 rice, high 2-3 rice, ceiling spreads three layers: shading screen, plastic film, mould gauze, four walls paving plastic cement Film, mould gauze, gauze screen;
(2) case processed: make with tree bucket or plank respectively and act on different beehive:
Survive the winter case: with long 80-100 centimetre, the tree bucket of thick 30-50 centimetre, longitudinal flat cutting block into two, every half block is drawn respectively Digging out a vertical groove and a plurality of horizontal groove, when two half blocks close up, groove group constitutes centre gangway and multiple cavern, both sides, except one Individual turnover hole can lead to the external world, and remaining cavern is blind hole, the two half block bolts that will close up with the bolt of root length 35-55 centimetre It is integrated and i.e. forms case of surviving the winter;
Move beehive: with long 30-40 centimetre, the tree bucket of thick 25-30 centimetre, dug by its middle xylem and dig into the tree bucket that two is logical, Bucket wall stays thick 3-5 centimetre, and bucket wall upper edge hole has two little grooves of symmetry, above shelves a ledger strip, subordinate in ledger strip Fang Gu has a tuftlet withe bar, and bucket wall has an access hole, one plastic cement mesh bag of access hole outside housing cover by middle and lower part, inside sets Put a beverage groove and grain wood chip, set and on bucket medial wall, be fixed with the Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae skin graft that multi-disc is longitudinal, one piece of hardboard of drum head sealing, Bung is made by one piece of hinged plank in bucket top;
(3) get the raw materials ready: fully prepare enough Mel, white sugar, fly, Gryllus Chinensis, locust, chafer, the old drone of Apis and Fructus Mali pumilae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, pears, Fructus Ananadis comosi, clear water make bait;
(4) take kind: 9, between October by field give birth to quasi-king honeybee then and drone fetches that to put the mating canopy got ready respectively into indoor Artificial feeding, with 1:3-4 concentration hydromel, fruit is squeezed the juice and insecticide feeds as bait, puts into beverage groove and freely takes food drink by honeybee With, note observing quasi-king's honeybee heat condition;
(5) mating: when find quasi-king's honeybee individuality creep, flight speed quickening, emotional lability, manifest restless time, it is little The heart moves to close the indoor of foster drone and is allowed to male and female mating 2-6 minute;
(6) surviving the winter: the queen bee after mating being completed is put into and survives the winter in canopy, the inside is placed with survive the winter case and beverage groove, allows it freely live Dynamic rest of searching for food, when temperature is less than 5 DEG C, it can creep into hibernation in case of surviving the winter automatically, notes canopy inside holding, rat preservative, it is ensured that safety Survive the winter;
(7) divide nest: when temperature rises to 14-15 DEG C after the beginning of spring, the queen bee of hibernation gradually revives, climb out of case of surviving the winter successively, in good time by it Catching in the shifting beehive being put in raising shed, a shifting beehive puts a queen bee, is fed by the built-in beverage groove put of plastic cement mesh bag Bait, insecticide and material of nesting, canopy temp 19 DEG C, to control wet 86%, feed through after a while, queen bee starts to nest and lays eggs, It is noted that interpolation bait, weave silk through 28-35 days Pupa Apis and form nest epiphragma i.e. " cover-head ", sprouted wings after 17-20 days and first batch of worker bee;
(8) acclimatization training: shifting beehive is moved to wild environment in raising shed when the worker bee moved in beehive reaches more than 5 Make acclimatization training, be spaced 8 meters and place a case, but still must feed by artificial bait throwing in material, until the worker bee number in a case reaches 20 Time above, appearance transportation and sales or rotate into field farming site after changing case and be spaced 100 meters to 1 kilometer and put a brood of naturally stocking, stop simultaneously Only artificial feeding.
CN201410490930.XA 2014-09-24 2014-09-24 Vespa mandarinia raising technology Active CN104255668B (en)

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